Hermeneutics has become a major topic of debate throughout the scholarly community. What has been called the "interpretive turn" has led to interesting new approaches in both the human and social sciences, and has helped to transform divided disciplines by bringing them closer together. Yet one of the largest and most important social sciences economics has so far been almost completely left out of the transformation. Economics and Hermeneutics takes a significant step towards filling this gap by introducing scholars on (...) both sides of the divide to ways that hermeneutics might help economists address some of their most important problems. Among the topics addressed are entrepreneurship, price theory, rational expectations, monetary theory, welfare economics, and economic policy. The approaches to economics represented include the Austrian school, McCloskey's "rhetoric" approach, Marxian critical theory and institutionalism. (shrink)

The author presents the current state of research regarding textual and source criticisms as well as structural and literary analyses of Qoheleth 8,10, in order to show how the critique of Qoheleth not only has ethical and cultic implications, but also (and especially) theological ones. In other words, the author seeks to highlight the polysemy of this text which aims at denouncing, on the one hand, the immoral and hypocritical conduct of a part of the society (the wicked and their (...) accomplices) and, on the other hand, the lack of justice and divine intervention. (shrink)

Because people do not join political parties in a social vacuum but rather in close relation with their peers, this paper explores how the structure and composition of interpersonal, social networks affect youth party membership, and questions the answer’s implications for recruitment. The structure does not affect statistically the young citizens’ probability of becoming party members, as the process depends to a high degree on their proximate network core, e.g. their relatives, pointing towards a certain exclusivity in recruitment patterns and (...) giving insight also on why they might stay away from conventional politics. A homogeneous composition matching with a high social and political profile is a pattern that has a considerable impact on their odds of joining a party, stressing that social networks can work in reproducing social and political inequalities, confining recruitment targets to the national population’s most “usual suspects”, and thereby explaining some difficulties faced by party organisations. Drawing on these findings, the conclusion discusses strategic considerations for Belgian parties. (shrink)

THE MYTH OF THE PLAN: LESSONS OF SOVIET PLANNING EXPERIENCE by Peter Rutland. LaSalle, Illinois: Open Court, 1985. 286 pp., $26.95. LENIN AND THE END OF POLITICS by A. J. Polan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. 240 pp., $22.50, $9.95 (paper).

Cet article étudie les effets des politiques de financements sur projets sur la recherche académique. À partir du cas d'un laboratoire de biophysique, il rend compte de l'influence de la temporalité gestionnaire courte des projets sur la trajectoire des collectifs scientifiques en considérant la dimension de politique scientifique propre à cet instrument de financement. Destiné à renforcer la collaboration entre physiciens et biologistes, le programme de financement sur projets associé au laboratoire étudié a permis de faire évoluer durablement ses orientations (...) thématiques : des recherches initiées localement se prolongent ensuite sur des financements externes plus importants. L'article montre alors, en comparant les différentes équipes du laboratoire, que l'influence de cette temporalité gestionnaire des projets sur leurs trajectoires dépend largement de la situation des chercheurs et propose alors d'identifier différents régimes d’usage des financements sur projets en lien avec un couplage plus ou moins fort du « temps du projet » sur le déroulement des recherches. (shrink)

Le présent article porte sur la trame relationnelle tissée autour de l’enfant né par gestation pour autrui ou conçu grâce à un don d’ovules, et plus spécifiquement sur les affiliations familiales qui émergent de ce processus inédit d’enfantement à plusieurs. La démonstration s’appuie sur les récits de 38 femmes canadiennes impliquées dans une entente de procréation assistée avec autrui en tant que mères, femmes porteuses ou donneuses. Deux cas de figure mettant en lumière la construction des liens d’apparentement entre les (...) personnes concernées sont présentés, qu’il s’agisse d’une inscription dans le réseau de parenté de l’enfant ou d’une reconnaissance symbolique mutuelle basée sur l’amitié. La proximité relationnelle entre les adultes est au cœur d’une filiation métissée qui témoigne de leur préoccupation commune envers l’intérêt de l’enfant. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Peter Weir's The Truman Show has been studied as an example of Debord's theory of the spectacle; as such, many theorists have shown how Truman is a commodified object constructed for “entertainment” for the masses, also noting how we ourselves are complicit in the consumption of media that dehumanize. In this essay, the author argues that, while a decided exemplar of postmodernism's “society of the spectacle,” the film is also a corporealization of poststructuralist Michel Foucault's concept of the panopticon, (...) illustrating how a consideration of social spaces yields a fuller understanding of Truman's predicament as knowing prisoner/performer. Through an analysis of power, ideology, hegemony, and whiteness as they are re-presented in The Truman Show, we can more thoroughly articulate Truman's condition as a panoptic object who is regulated and hegemonized under the watchful eyes of a Master—himself synecdochic of Authority, Reason, and Truth—and those of a voracious public. The result is an indeterminate, postmodern, dystopian vision of mediated masses and the power apparatuses they/we wield through the act of watching. (shrink)

Le féminisme a réussi à transformer partiellement le monde dans lequel nous vivons. Mais la résistance de la société traditionnelle à ces changements, ainsi que la remontée de la droite et la valorisation forcenée de l'individualisme, risquent de compromettre ses acquis. Dans ce contexte, l'avènement d'un discours pseudo-féministe qui véhicule les valeurs traditionnellement considérées comme « féminines » par les hommes risque d'embrouiller le message féministe pour tous ceux qui y accordaient créance et espéraient le voir aller plus loin dans (...) sa quête d'une société nouvelle. Nous voulons analyser ce discours en montrant comment il tend à remettre en question l'effort de transformation sociale amorcé par le féminisme.Feminism has partly transformed our world. Traditionnal society's resistance to these changes together with the rise of the Right and individualism endanger these gains. In that context, the advent of pseudo-feminist discourse carrying the values traditionnally seen by men as "féminine" might blur the feminist message for those who give it credit and hope to see it progress in its quest for a new society. We wish to analyse that discourse and show how it tends to challenge the social transformation effort launched through feminism. (shrink)

Like most goods‐producing sectors in the West, modern health‐care systems have been profoundly changed by globalization and the neoliberal policies that attend it. Since the 1970s, the role of the welfare state has been considerably reduced; funding and management of health systems have been subjected to wave upon wave of reorganization and assimilated to the private sector. At the same time, neoliberal policy has imposed the notion of patient empowerment, thus turning patients into consumers of health. The literature on nursing (...) has accordingly reported on the significant repercussions on all aspects of the profession, from delivery of care and treatment, through training for new nurses, to legislated policy reforms regarding the role and responsibilities of modern nurses. In light of these developments, this paper analyses and theorizes about the way the injection of neoliberal policy is linked to and affects the practice of nursing. Drawing on a number of Nietzschean arguments, we begin with an exploration of the complex effects of neoliberalism, bureaucratization, and technocratization on the health system and the practice of nursing. Our main theoretical point here is that neoliberal policy engenders and promotes a neoliberal tide, which results in the conversion of the values that drive modern nursing practice. We then examine this tide in the light of Nietzsche's concepts. Starting with an analysis based on the ontology of the will to power, we show that nurses are dominated by neoliberal values embedded in technocratic and bureaucratic ideologies. Finally, we argue that the application of neoliberal policy constitutes a form of domestication from which one might potentially be freed through the Nietzschean concept of transvaluation of values. This transvaluation, as its freeing from some of the neoliberal tide, may be accomplished in accordance with a hierarchy of specific life‐affirming values for nursing culture and practice. (shrink)

Lavoie and Talwar examine the phenomenon of prosocial lie telling: lying with the intention to benefit others. They investigate how well children aged 4 to 11 are able to conceal information about a surprise gift from their parents based on these children’s responses to their parents’ questions. Lavoie and Talwar conclude that, as children’s theory of mind abilities and working memory improve, their ability to conceal information from others also develops.

O artigo é um estudo de caso à luz da filosofia jurídica de Dworkin. Tratou-se de recursos especial repetitivo do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, que inviabilizou a utilização da indenização punitiva, espécie de responsabilidade civil derivada da common law. A pesquisa busca analisar o voto vencedor, propondo argumentos com uso da tese do ativismo judicial sobre a possibilidade de utilização da punitive damage em matéria ambiental. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido sob a metodologia jurídico-teórica e raciocínio dedutivo, com pesquisa bibliográfica (...) e jurisprudencial. Conclui-se que por meio do ativismo judicial há possibilidade de aplicação da indenização punitiva em matéria ambiental. (shrink)

The increasing complexity of Canadian businesses in a changing marketplace indicates that women as well as men managers will have to be well trained to be able to position themselves in this new environment with a certain degree of success and personal happiness. As management educators, we have to accept an important share in this responsibility. This paper examines some of the factors that should be considered by those who want to develop management training programs for the future women managers (...) or entrepreneurs. (shrink)

The “good farmer” literature, grounded in Bourdieu’s concepts of field, habitus, and capital, has provided researchers with a socio-cultural approach to understanding conservation adoption behavior. The good farmer literature suggests that conservation practices may not be widely accepted because they do not allow farmers to demonstrate symbols of good farming. This lens has not been applied to the adoption of conservation tillage, a practice increasingly used to improve conservation outcomes, farming efficiency and crop productivity. Drawing from in-depth interviews with dryland (...) wheat farmers in the US inland Pacific Northwest, this research seeks to understand how farmers’ engagement with CT is shaped by identity as a good farmer. Some farmers also sought to bolster social capital through CT by maintaining and strengthening relationships with peers, landowners, and future generations. We further found that engagement with CT provided a link for some participants between productivist values and stewardship values within the good farming identity. The findings from this research may help contextualize the barriers and opportunities to the adoption of agricultural conservation practices within farmer-specific social, cultural, and economic forms of capital. (shrink)