Results for 'Drug decriminalization'

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  1. In Favor of Drug Decriminalization.Douglas Husak - 2005 - In Andrew I. Cohen & Christopher Heath Wellman, Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 22--335.
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  2. Four points about drug decriminalization.Douglas Husak - 2003 - Criminal Justice Ethics 22 (1):21-29.
  3.  43
    Beyond Decriminalization: Ending the War on Drugs Requires Recasting Police Discretion through the Lens of a Public Health Ethic.John Kleinig, Jeremiah Goulka, Leo Beletsky & Brandon del Pozo - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):41-44.
    Earp, Lewis, and Hart argue the pursuit of racial justice requires a summary end to the war on drugs. In surveying the racially disparate harms of an enforcement-oriented, punitive, and ulti...
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  4. Equipping Police with Naloxone Spray and Decriminalizing All Opioid Use in the U.S.: An Ethical Analysis.Marvin J. H. Lee - 2018 - Journal of Healthcare Ethics and Administration 4 (2):17-25.
    The number of police departments carrying Narcan keeps increasing at a fast pace throughout the U.S., as it is considered an effective measure to fight the opioid epidemic. However, there have been strong oppositions to the idea of the police Narcan use. Still, in 2018, the nation is debating about it. Though not clearly visible to the public, there are important ethical arguments against the police Narcan use which necessarily involve understanding of the ethical roles and responsibilities of police as (...)
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  5.  79
    Ending the War on Drugs Requires Decriminalization. Does It Also Require Legalization?Travis N. Rieder - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):38-41.
    Brian Earp and his colleagues argue in this issue’s target article that racial justice requires ending the War on Drugs. In this they are absolutely correct. Indeed, de...
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  6.  64
    The Importance of Rights to the Argument for the Decriminalization of Drugs.Kyle G. Fritz - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):46-48.
    In “Racial Justice Requires Ending the War on Drugs,” Earp and colleagues argue that the personal use or possession of all currently illicit psychoactive substances should be immediately decriminal...
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  7. On the decriminalization of drugs.George Sher - 2003 - Criminal Justice Ethics 22 (1):30-33.
  8. The Legalization of Drugs.Doug Husak & Peter de Marneffe - 2005 - Cambridge University Press.
    In the United States today, the use or possession of many drugs is a criminal offense. Can these criminal laws be justified? What are the best reasons to punish or not to punish drug users? These are the fundamental issues debated in this book by two prominent philosophers of law. Douglas Husak argues in favor of drug decriminalization, by clarifying the meaning of crucial terms, such as legalize, decriminalize, and drugs; and by identifying the standards by which (...)
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  9. Racial Justice Requires Ending the War on Drugs.Brian D. Earp, Jonathan Lewis, Carl L. Hart & Walter Veit - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):4-19.
    Historically, laws and policies to criminalize drug use or possession were rooted in explicit racism, and they continue to wreak havoc on certain racialized communities. We are a group of bioethicists, drug experts, legal scholars, criminal justice researchers, sociologists, psychologists, and other allied professionals who have come together in support of a policy proposal that is evidence-based and ethically recommended. We call for the immediate decriminalization of all so-called recreational drugs and, ultimately, for their timely and appropriate (...)
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  10.  33
    Review essay / Decriminalization and the constitution.Frederick Schauer - 1984 - Criminal Justice Ethics 3 (1):76-84.
    David A. J. Richards, Sex, Drugs, Death and the Law: An Essay on Human Rights and Overcriminalization Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield, 1982, xii + 316 pp.
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  11.  43
    Drug Legalization: A Philosophical Analysis.Chris Meyers - 2023 - Springer Verlag.
    This textbook introduces students to the various arguments for and against the prohibition of recreational drugs. The arguments are carefully presented and analyzed, inviting students to consider the competing principles of liberty rights, paternalism, theories of punishment, legal moralism, and the social consequences of drug use and drug laws. Meyers extends this examination by presenting alternatives to the prohibition/legalization dichotomy, including harm reduction, decriminalization, and user licensing or on-premise use. The presentation invites readers to think clearly about (...)
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  12. Above and beyond superstition — western herbal medicine and the decriminalizing of placebo.Ayo Wahlberg - 2008 - History of the Human Sciences 21 (1):77-101.
    Does it work? This question lies at the very heart of the kinds of controversies that have surrounded complementary and alternative medicines (such as herbal medicine) in recent decades. In this article, I argue that medical anthropology has played a pivotal and largely overlooked role in taking the sham out of the placebo effect with important implications for what it means to say a therapy or drug `works'. If pharmacologists and clinicians have corporeally located the concept of efficacy in (...)
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  13. Pathways to Drug Liberalization: Racial Justice, Public Health, and Human Rights.Jonathan Lewis, Brian D. Earp & Carl L. Hart - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (9):W10-W12.
    In our recent article, together with more than 60 of our colleagues, we outlined a proposal for drug policy reform consisting of four specific yet interrelated strategies: (1) de jure decriminalization of all psychoactive substances currently deemed illicit for personal use or possession (so-called “recreational” drugs), accompanied by harm reduction policies and initiatives akin to the Portugal model; (2) expunging criminal convictions for nonviolent offenses pertaining to the use or possession of small quantities of such drugs (and releasing (...)
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  14.  69
    Legalization of Drugs and Human Flourishing.Eric Racine, Esthelle Ewusi Boisvert & Marianne Rochette - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):23-26.
    Earp and colleagues make a strong case for the complete decriminalization and even the legalization of recreational drug use based on the negative impact of the “War on drugs” on racialized...
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  15.  28
    The Palgrave Handbook of Philosophy and Psychoactive Drug Use.Rob Lovering (ed.) - 2024 - New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
    In this Handbook, philosophers from around the world address the metaphysics, epistemology, and value of psychoactive (mind-altering) drug use. In so doing, they attempt to answer questions such as: What does the fact of drug-induced mind-altering experiences tell us about natures of the mind, free will, and God? What does it tell us about what, and how, we can know? Are drug-induced mind-altering experiences valuable, morally, aesthetically, or otherwise? Is the acquisition of drug-induced mind-altering experiences ever (...)
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  16.  17
    We Can't Go Cold Turkey: Why Suppressing Drug Markets Endangers Society.Nick Werle & Ernesto Zedillo - 2018 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 46 (2):325-342.
    This essay argues that policies aimed at suppressing drug use exacerbate the nation's opioid problem. It neither endorses drug use nor advocates legalizing the consumption and sale of all substances in all circumstances. Instead, it contends that trying to suppress drug markets is the wrong goal, and in the midst of an addiction crisis it can be deadly. There is no single, correct drug policy; the right approach depends crucially on the substance at issue, the patterns (...)
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  17.  12
    Ethical challenges for intervening in drug use: policy, research and treatment issues.John Kleinig & Stanley Einstein (eds.) - 2006 - OICJ.
    This volume was initiated to meet the challenges of the increasing contemporary trend to "treat" substance users (in the broadest sense of this concept), whether in institutional settings, ambulatory programs, or even controlled environments such as prisons. Although several essays concentrate more particularly on some of the ethico-moral problems encountered by juridico-moral interventions--problems relating to criminalization, decriminalization, legalization, and interdiction--the main focus is on broadly medical or therapeutic responses to drug use, and in particular on problems encountered within (...)
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  18.  79
    Vice Laws and Self-Sovereignty.Peter Marneffe - 2013 - Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (1):29-41.
    There is an important moral difference between laws that criminalize drugs and prostitution and laws that make them illegal in other ways: criminalization violates our moral rights in a way that nonlegalization does not. Criminalization is defined as follows. Drugs are criminalized when there are criminal penalties for using or possessing small quantities of drugs. Prostitution is criminalized when there are criminal penalties for selling sex. Legalization is defined as follows. Drugs are legalized when there are no criminal penalties for (...)
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  19.  93
    Vice Laws and Self-Sovereignty.Peter de Marneffe - 2013 - Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (1):29-41.
    There is an important moral difference between laws that criminalize drugs and prostitution and laws that make them illegal in other ways: criminalization violates our moral rights in a way that nonlegalization does not. Criminalization is defined as follows. Drugs are criminalized when there are criminal penalties for using or possessing small quantities of drugs. Prostitution is criminalized when there are criminal penalties for selling sex. Legalization is defined as follows. Drugs are legalized when there are no criminal penalties for (...)
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  20.  27
    Ending the War on People with Substance Use Disorders in Health Care.Elizabeth Pendo & Kelly K. Dineen - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (4):20-22.
    Earp et al. provide a robust justification for the decriminalization of drugs based on the systemic racism that fuels the “war on drugs” and the ongoing harms of drug policies to individuals...
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  21.  18
    Introduction to the Special Section on Psychedelics Research and Treatment.Dominic Sisti - 2024 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 67 (1):114-116.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Introduction to the Special Section on Psychedelics Research and TreatmentDominic SistiAgainst a backdrop of post-pandemic malaise, diseases of despair, and a fragmented mental health care system, psychedelics have enjoyed a resurgence of interest as powerful psychotherapeutic agents and as catalysts of personal growth. The true power of these substances—some of which are considered sacramental by Indigenous peoples—has been shrouded for half a century by cultural mythology, political propaganda, and (...)
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  22.  78
    Employment and Public Policy Issues Surrounding Medical Marijuana in the Workplace.Jeffrey A. Mello - 2013 - Journal of Business Ethics 117 (3):659-666.
    The status of marijuana as an illegal drug has greatly evolved in recent years. Many countries have decriminalized possession of marijuana for personal use. Others have not decriminalized it but simply “tolerate” it for private personal use. Four countries have passed laws legalizing medical marijuana and one other tolerates the use of marijuana for medical purposes without having legislated a specific right for such possession and use. To date, 17 of the United States and the District of Columbia have (...)
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  23.  19
    On Weaponizing Cannabis.Łukasz Kamieński - 2021 - Journal of Military Ethics 20 (3):251-268.
    Neither non-lethal violence nor psychochemical weapons are new concepts. History provides examples of attempts to use these both to limit the scope of war and to turn mind-altering compounds into weapons. One of these substances has been marijuana. Although previous efforts to find its military applications failed, the idea persists – as indicated by a US patent granted in 2017. As “weaponized cannabis” may again attract the interest of government agencies, the consequences of its potential deployment call for a debate. (...)
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  24.  22
    Which lives are worth saving? Biolegitimacy and harm reduction during COVID‐19.Catherine Larocque & Thomas Foth - 2021 - Nursing Inquiry 28 (4):e12417.
    Despite the promise to save every life, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed social and racial inequalities, precarious living conditions, and engendered an exponential increase in overdose deaths. Although some lives are considered sacred, others are deliberately sacrificed. This article draws on the theoretical work of Foucault and scholars who further developed his concept of biopolitics. While biopolitics aims to ameliorate the health of populations, Foucault never systematically accounted for the unequal value of lives. In the name of saving the biological (...)
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  25.  7
    Dbu tshad gsung btus rin chen sgrom bu.Dor-Zhi Gdong-Drug-Snyems-Blo - 2018 - Pe-cin : Krung-goʼi Bod-rig-pa dpe-skrun-khang:
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  26. Joseph R. Des jardins and Ronald Duska.Drug Testing in Employment 100 - 2003 - In William H. Shaw, Ethics at work: basic readings in business ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.
     
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  27. Nancy E. Snow.Should Drugs be Legal - 1994 - In Robert Paul Churchill, The Ethics of liberal democracy: morality and democracy in theory and practice. Providence, R.I., USA: Berg.
     
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  28. Dorothy E. Roberts.Punishing Drug Addicts Who Have Babies - 2006 - In Elizabeth Hackett & Sally Anne Haslanger, Theorizing feminisms: a reader. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
     
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  29.  17
    Mediating Mechanisms of the Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management Program.Håvard Horndalen Tveit, May Britt Drugli, Sturla Fossum, Bjørn Helge Handegård, Christian A. Klöckner & Frode Stenseng - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  30. Thun moṅ bsdus paʼi sdom tshig blo gsal dgaʼ bskyed.ŹWa-Dmar Drug Pa Chos-Kyi-Dbaṅ-Phyug - 2012 - In Chos-Kyi-Dbaṅ-Phyug & Blo-Gros-Rgya-Mtsho, Rigs lam nor buʼi baṅ mdzod kyi sgo brgya ʼbyed paʼi ʼphrul gyi lde mig. Kalimpong, Distt. Darjeeling, West Bengal: Rigpe Dorje Institute.
     
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  31. A Description of the Erhard Seminars Training (est).Donald M. Baer, Stephanie B. Stolz & Drug Abuse Alcohol - 1978 - Behaviorism 6 (1):45-70.
  32. The Ethics of Food: A Reader for the Twenty-First Century.Ronald Bailey, Wendell Berry, Norman Borlaug, M. F. K. Fisher, Nichols Fox, Greenpeace International, Garrett Hardin, Mae-Wan Ho, Marc Lappe, Britt Bailey, Tanya Maxted-Frost, Henry I. Miller, Helen Norberg-Hodge, Stuart Patton, C. Ford Runge, Benjamin Senauer, Vandana Shiva, Peter Singer, Anthony J. Trewavas, the U. S. Food & Drug Administration (eds.) - 2001 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    In The Ethics of Food, Gregory E. Pence brings together a collection of voices who share the view that the ethics of genetically modified food is among the most pressing societal questions of our time. This comprehensive collection addresses a broad range of subjects, including the meaning of food, moral analyses of vegetarianism and starvation, the safety and environmental risks of genetically modified food, issues of global food politics and the food industry, and the relationships among food, evolution, and human (...)
     
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  33.  53
    The Association Between Toddlers’ Temperament and Well-Being in Norwegian Early Childhood Education and Care, and the Moderating Effect of Center-Based Daycare Process Quality.Catharina P. J. van Trijp, Ratib Lekhal, May Britt Drugli, Veslemøy Rydland, Suzanne van Gils, Harriet J. Vermeer & Elisabet Solheim Buøen - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Children who experience well-being are engaging more confidently and positively with their caregiver and peers, which helps them to profit more from available learning opportunities and support current and later life outcomes. The goodness-of-fit theory suggests that children’s well-being might be a result of the interplay between their temperament and the environment. However, there is a lack of studies that examined the association between children’s temperament and well-being in early childhood education and care, and whether this association is affected by (...)
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  34. Money as tool, money as drug: The biological psychology of a strong incentive.Stephen E. G. Lea & Paul Webley - 2006 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29 (2):161-209.
    Why are people interested in money? Specifically, what could be the biological basis for the extraordinary incentive and reinforcing power of money, which seems to be unique to the human species? We identify two ways in which a commodity which is of no biological significance in itself can become a strong motivator. The first is if it is used as a tool, and by a metaphorical extension this is often applied to money: it is used instrumentally, in order to obtain (...)
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  35. Liberal versus Libertarian Views on Drug Legalization.Jeffrey Miron & Sheriff Bill Masters - 2004 - In Bill Masters, The New Prohibition: Voices of Dissent Challenge the Drug War. Accurate Press.
  36. Addiction and autonomy: Can addicted people consent to the prescription of their drug of addiction?Bennett Foddy & Julian Savulescu - 2005 - Bioethics 20 (1):1–15.
    It is often claimed that the autonomy of heroin addicts is compromised when they are choosing between taking their drug of addiction and abstaining. This is the basis of claims that they are incompetent to give consent to be prescribed heroin. We reject these claims on a number of empirical and theoretical grounds. First we argue that addicts are likely to be sober, and thus capable of rational thought, when approaching researchers to participate in research. We reject behavioural evidence (...)
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  37.  59
    A Paradoxical Ethical Framework for Unpredictable Drug Shortages.Rebecca Bamford, C. D. Brewer, Bayly Bucknell, Heather DeGrote, Loren Fabry, Madeleine E. M. Hammerlund & Bryan M. Weisbrod - 2012 - American Journal of Bioethics 12 (1):16 - 18.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 1, Page 16-18, January 2012.
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  38.  92
    Comments on 'Strategic Maneuvering in Direct to Consumer Drug Advertising: A Study in Argumentation Theory and New Institutional Theory'.Bilal Amjarso - 2008 - Argumentation 22 (3):373-375.
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  39.  76
    Not robots: children's perspectives on authenticity, moral agency and stimulant drug treatments.Ilina Singh - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (6):359-366.
    In this article, I examine children's reported experiences with stimulant drug treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in light of bioethical arguments about the potential threats of psychotropic drugs to authenticity and moral agency. Drawing on a study that involved over 150 families in the USA and the UK, I show that children are able to report threats to authenticity, but that the majority of children are not concerned with such threats. On balance, children report that stimulants improve their (...)
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  40.  14
    It, Gender, and Professional Practice: Or, Why an Automated Drug Distribution System Was Sent Back to the Manufacturer.Joel Novek - 2002 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 27 (3):379-403.
    Recent research has focused on how gender and computer technology contribute to the structuring of professional roles. A case study was carried out at a long-term care facility in Winnipeg, Canada, in which a nursing unit-based automated system had been installed to control the distribution of medication to patients. A questionnaire was distributed to all nursing staff, and detailed interviews were carried out with pharmacists and nursing administrators. It was found that gender and technological change did interact to produce an (...)
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  41. Rules versus Standards: What Are the Costs of Epistemic Norms in Drug Regulation?David Teira & Mattia Andreoletti - 2019 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 44 (6):1093-1115.
    Over the last decade, philosophers of science have extensively criticized the epistemic superiority of randomized controlled trials for testing safety and effectiveness of new drugs, defending instead various forms of evidential pluralism. We argue that scientific methods in regulatory decision-making cannot be assessed in epistemic terms only: there are costs involved. Drawing on the legal distinction between rules and standards, we show that drug regulation based on evidential pluralism has much higher costs than our current RCT-based system. We analyze (...)
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  42.  59
    Ethics of research involving mandatory drug testing of high school athletes in oregon.Adil E. Shamoo & Jonathan D. Moreno - 2004 - American Journal of Bioethics 4 (1):25 – 31.
    There is consensus that children have questionable decisional capacity and, therefore, in general a parent or a guardian must give permission to enroll a child in a research study. Moreover, freedom from duress and coercion, the cardinal rule in research involving adults, is even more important for children. This principle is embodied prominently in the Nuremberg Code (1947) and is embodied in various federal human research protection regulations. In a program named "SATURN" (Student Athletic Testing Using Random Notification), each school (...)
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  43.  41
    Ethics for pandemics beyond influenza: Ebola, drug-resistant tuberculosis, and anticipating future ethical challenges in pandemic preparedness and response.Maxwell J. Smith & Diego S. Silva - 2015 - Monash Bioethics Review 33 (2-3):130-147.
    The unprecedented outbreak of Ebola virus disease in West Africa has raised several novel ethical issues for global outbreak preparedness. It has also illustrated that familiar ethical issues in infectious disease management endure despite considerable efforts to understand and mitigate such issues in the wake of past outbreaks. To improve future global outbreak preparedness and response, we must examine these shortcomings and reflect upon the current state of ethical preparedness. To this end, we focus our efforts in this article on (...)
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  44.  70
    The Political and Ethical Challenge of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis.Ross Upshur, Ian Kerridge, Wendy Lipworth, Christopher Mayes & Chris Degeling - 2015 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 12 (1):107-113.
    This article critically examines current responses to multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and argues that bioethics needs to be willing to engage in a more radical critique of the problem than is currently offered. In particular, we need to focus not simply on market-driven models of innovation and anti-microbial solutions to emergent and re-emergent infections such as TB. The global community also needs to address poverty and the structural factors that entrench inequalities—thus moving beyond the orthodox medical/public health frame of reference.
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  45.  62
    Through the Quarantine Looking Glass: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Public Health Governance, Law, and Ethics.David P. Fidler, Lawrence O. Gostin & Howard Markel - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (4):616-628.
    Dramatic events involving dangerous microbes often focus attention on isolation and quarantine as policy instruments. The incident in May-June 2007 involving Andrew Speaker and drug-resistant tuberculosis joins other communicable disease crises that have forced contemplation or actual application of quarantine powers. Implementation of quarantine powers, which encompasses authority for both isolation and quarantine actions, is important not only for the handling of a specific event but also because the use of such authority provides a window on broader issues of (...)
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  46.  12
    When Patient Voices Get Lost in Evidence Hierarchies: A Testimony of Rare Adverse Events and Participatory Epistemic Injustice in Drug Safety Monitoring.Rani Lill Anjum, Christine Price & Elena Rocca - 2025 - Social Epistemology 39 (2):187-201.
    We explore an unsolved challenge in the era of evidence-based medicine (EBM): the recognition of the patient as an epistemic agent or ‘knower’. While patients are increasingly acknowledged as carriers of values and preferences, it seems more challenging to acknowledge them as carriers of important causal information. In contrast, the science of pharmacovigilance depends on patient testimonies as valuable sources of causal evidence. This incompatibility can give rise to cases of what has been called participatory epistemic injustice. We analyse the (...)
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  47.  14
    The Pharmaceutical Commons: Sharing and Exclusion in Global Health Drug Development.Catherine M. Montgomery & Javier Lezaun - 2015 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 40 (1):3-29.
    In the last decade, the organization of pharmaceutical research on neglected tropical diseases has undergone transformative change. In a context of perceived “market failure,” the development of new medicines is increasingly handled by public-private partnerships. This shift toward hybrid organizational models depends on a particular form of exchange: the sharing of proprietary assets in general and of intellectual property rights in particular. This article explores the paradoxical role of private property in this new configuration of global health research and development. (...)
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  48.  67
    The precautionary principle and the regulation of U.s. Food and drug safety.Ed Soule - 2004 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 29 (3):333 – 350.
    This article probes the advisability of regulating U.S. food and drug safety according to the precautionary principle. To do so, a precautionary regulatory regime is formulated on the basis of the beliefs that motivate most proponents of this initiative. That hypothetical regime is critically analyzed on the basis of an actual instantiation of a similarly stylized initiative. It will be argued that the precautionary principle entails regulatory constraints that are apt to violate basis tenets of political legitimacy. The modifications (...)
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  49.  17
    What information and the extent of information to be provided in an informed assent/consent form of pediatric drug trials.Nimit Morakote, Wannachai Sakuludomkan, Kanda Fanhchaksai, Rungrote Natesirinilkul, Pimlak Charoenkwan & Nut Koonrungsesomboon - 2022 - BMC Medical Ethics 23 (1):1-10.
    BackgroundThis study aimed to determine the elements and the extent of information that child participants and their parents would like to read in an informed assent form /informed consent form of a pediatric drug trial.MethodsA descriptive survey was conducted to determine the perceived importance of each element of the ICF content from child participants and their parents who underwent informed assent/consent of a multi-center pediatric drug trial. The respondents were asked to indicate the level of importance of each (...)
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  50. The Clinical Impact of the Brain Disease Model of Alcohol and Drug Addiction: Exploring the Attitudes of Community-Based AOD Clinicians in Australia.Anthony I. Barnett & Craig L. Fry - 2015 - Neuroethics 8 (3):271-282.
    Despite recent increasing support for the brain disease model of alcohol and drug addiction, the extent to which the model may clinically impact addiction treatment and client behaviour remains unclear. This qualitative study explored the views of community-based clinicians in Australia and examined: whether Australian community-based clinicians support the BDM of addiction; their attitudes on the impact the model may have on clinical treatment; and their views on how framing addiction as a brain disease may impact addicted clients’ behaviour. (...)
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