Results for 'Baodong Lang'

958 found
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  1. Xian shi zhu yi mei xue lun gao.Baodong Lang - 1986 - Tianjin: Xin hua shu dian Tianjin fa xing suo fa xing.
     
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  2. The right kind of solution to the wrong kind of reason problem.Gerald Lang - 2008 - Utilitas 20 (4):472-489.
    Recent discussion of Scanlon's account of value, which analyses the value of X in terms of agents' reasons for having certain pro-attitudes or contra-attitudes towards X, has generated the problem (WKR problem): this is the problem, for the buck-passing view, of being able to acknowledge that there may be good reasons for attributing final value to X that have nothing to do with the final value that X actually possesses. I briefly review some of the existing solutions offered to the (...)
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  3.  12
    Making it Easier to Make Your Own IRB.Christopher Santos-Lang - 2019 - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 9 (1):E9-E12.
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  4.  48
    Effects of Feedback and Instructional Set on the Control of Cardiac-Rate Variability.Peter J. Lang, Alan Sroufe & James E. Hastings - 1967 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 75 (4):425.
  5.  72
    Forgiveness.Berel Lang - 1994 - American Philosophical Quarterly 31 (2):105 - 117.
  6.  83
    Trust criteria for artificial intelligence in health: normative and epistemic considerations.Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Benjamin H. Lang, Jared Smith, Meghan Hurley & Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (8):544-551.
    Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) in healthcare raise pressing questions about how much users should trust AI/ML systems, particularly for high stakes clinical decision-making. Ensuring that user trust is properly calibrated to a tool’s computational capacities and limitations has both practical and ethical implications, given that overtrust or undertrust can influence over-reliance or under-reliance on algorithmic tools, with significant implications for patient safety and health outcomes. It is, thus, important to better understand how variability in trust (...)
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  7.  49
    Emotion and Motivation: Toward Consensus Definitions and a Common Research Purpose.Peter J. Lang - 2010 - Emotion Review 2 (3):229-233.
    Historically, the hypothesis driving emotion research has been that emotion’s data-base—in language, physiology, and behavior— is organized around specific mental states, as reflected in evaluative language. It is suggested that this approach has not greatly advanced a natural science of emotion and that the developing motivational model of emotion defines a better path: emotion is an evolved trait founded on motivational neural circuitry shared by mammalian species, primitively prompting heightened perceptual processing and reflex mobilization for action to appetitive or threatening (...)
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  8.  46
    The Order of Nature in Aristotle’s Physics: Place and the Elements.Helen S. Lang - 1998 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This 1999 book demonstrates a method for reading the texts of Aristotle by revealing a continuous line of argument running from the Physics to De Caelo. The author analyses a group of arguments that are almost always treated in isolation from one another, and reveals their elegance and coherence. She concludes by asking why these arguments remain interesting even though we now believe they are absolutely wrong and have been replaced by better ones. The book establishes the case that we (...)
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  9. Fairness in life and Death Cases.Gerald Lang - 2005 - Erkenntnis 62 (3):321-351.
    John Taurek famously argued that, in ‘conflict cases’, where we are confronted with a smaller and a larger group of individuals, and can choose which group to save from harm, we should toss a coin, rather than saving the larger group. This is primarily because coin-tossing is fairer: it ensures that each individual, regardless of the group to which he or she belongs, has an equal chance of being saved. This article provides a new response to Taurek’s argument. It proposes (...)
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  10.  98
    The Rule‐Following Considerations and Metaethics: Some False Moves.Gerald Lang - 2001 - European Journal of Philosophy 9 (2):190–209.
    In a series of influential papers, John McDowell has argued that the rule‐following considerations explored in Wittgenstein’s later work provide support for a particularist form of moral objectivity. The article distinguishes three such arguments in McDowell’s writings, labelled the Anthropocentricism Argument, the Shapelessness Argument, and the Anti‐Humean Argument, respectively, and the author disputes the effectiveness of each of them. As far as these metaethical debates are concerned, the article concludes that the rule‐following considerations leave everything in their place.
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  11. The Structure and Subject of Metaphysics Λ.Helen Lang - 1993 - Phronesis 38 (3):257-280.
  12. Feminist Epistemologies of Situated Knowledges: Implications for Rhetorical Argumentation.James C. Lang - 2010 - Informal Logic 30 (3):309-334.
    In the process of challenging epistemological assumptions that preclude relationships between knowers and the objects of knowing, feminist epistemologists Lorraine Code and Donna Haraway also can be interpreted as troubling forms of argumentation predicated on positivist-derived logic. Against the latter, Christopher Tindale promotes a rhetorical model of argument that appears able to better engage epistemologies of situated knowledges. I detail key features of the latter from Code, especially, and compare and contrast them with relevant parts of Tindale’s discussion of context (...)
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  13.  51
    Emotion’s Response Patterns: The Brain and the Autonomic Nervous System.Peter J. Lang - 2014 - Emotion Review 6 (2):93-99.
    The article considers patterns of reactivity in organ systems mediated by the autonomic nervous system as they relate to central neural circuits activated by affectively arousing cues. The relationship of these data to the concept of discrete emotion and their relevance for the autonomic feedback hypothesis are discussed. Research both with animal and human participants is considered and implications drawn for new directions in emotion science. It is suggested that the proposed brain-based view has a greater potential for scientific advance (...)
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  14.  32
    Introspective forgetting.Hans Ditmarsch, Andreas Herzig, Jérôme Lang & Pierre Marquis - 2009 - Synthese 169 (2):405-423.
    We model the forgetting of propositional variables in a modal logical context where agents become ignorant and are aware of each others’ or their own resulting ignorance. The resulting logic is sound and complete. It can be compared to variable-forgetting as abstraction from information, wherein agents become unaware of certain variables: by employing elementary results for bisimulation, it follows that beliefs not involving the forgotten atom(s) remain true.
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  15.  55
    (1 other version)Why Do Chemists Perform Experiments?Peter Lang & Joachim Schummer - unknown
    Nowadays it is well known among historians of science that Francis Bacon, one of the modern defender of the experimental method, owed much of his thoughts to the chemical or alchemical tradition (cf. e.g., Gregory 1938, West 1961, Linden 1974, and Rees 1977). In fact, alchemy, particularly in the Arabic tradition, was always based on laboratory investigations by carefully examining the results of controlled manipulation of materials.1 It is also well known that Francis Bacon’s appeal to the experimental method was (...)
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  16.  19
    The anatomy of philosophical style: literary philosophy and the philosophy of literature.Berel Lang - 1990 - Cambridge, Mass., USA: Blackwell.
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  17.  95
    The Ranking of the Goods at Philebus 66a-67b.P. M. Lang - 2010 - Phronesis 55 (2):153-169.
    At the very end of Plato's Philebus Socrates and Protarchus place the goods of a human life in a hierarchy (66a-67b). Previous interpretations of this passage have concentrated upon its relevance to the good human life, including the allowance of (true and pure) pleasures. This view picks up Plato's metaphor of a mixture of reason and pleasure, but the ranking of the goods is emphatically a vertical stratification and not a mixture in which all elements are equally fundamental. In this (...)
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  18. Rawlsian Incentives and the Freedom Objection.Gerald Lang - 2016 - Journal of Social Philosophy 47 (2):231-249.
    One Rawlsian response to G. A. Cohen’s criticisms of justice as fairness which Cohen canvasses, and then dismisses, is the 'Freedom Objection'. It comes in two versions. The 'First Version' asserts that there is an unresolved trilemma among the three principles of equality, Pareto-optimality, and freedom of occupational choice, while the 'Second Version' imputes to Rawls’s theory a concern to protect occupational freedom over equality of condition. This article is mainly concerned with advancing three claims. First, the 'ethical solution' Cohen (...)
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  19. On memory: Aristotle's corrections of Plato.Helen S. Lang - 1980 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 18 (4):379-393.
  20.  81
    Reconciliation.Berel Lang - 2009 - The Monist 92 (4):604-619.
  21.  53
    Thomas Hobbes: theorist of the law.Anthony F. Lang & Gabriella Slomp - 2016 - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 19 (1):1-11.
  22.  45
    The Thomistic Doctrine of Prime Matter.David P. Lang - 1998 - Laval Théologique et Philosophique 54 (2):367-385.
  23.  16
    From ordering-based nonmonotonic reasoning to conditional logics.Luis Fariñas del Cerro, Andreas Herzig & Jérôme Lang - 1994 - Artificial Intelligence 66 (2):375-393.
  24.  44
    The professional ills of moral distress and nurse retention: Is ethics education an antidote?Kellie R. Lang - 2008 - American Journal of Bioethics 8 (4):19 – 21.
    Grady and colleagues (2008) have provided a major contribution to the field of bioethics, and their research should lend a significant hand to the oft-neglected ethics needs of professional nurses....
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  25. What's the Matter? Review of Derek Parfit, On What Matters.Gerald Lang - 2012 - Utilitas 24 (2):300-312.
  26.  29
    Philosophy and the Art of Writing.Berel Lang - 1985 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 44 (1):88-89.
  27.  44
    Questions of scientific responsibility: The Baltimore case.Serge Lang - 1993 - Ethics and Behavior 3 (1):3 – 72.
  28.  48
    Why Fire Goes up: An Elementary Problem in Aristotle's "Physics".Helen S. Lang - 1984 - Review of Metaphysics 38 (1):69 - 106.
    IN Physics VIII, Aristotle asks if motion is eternal or if it began only to end someday. He concludes in the first chapter that motion must be eternal; the remainder of Physics VIII resolves three objections to this conclusion. Consequently, the arguments of Physics VIII, 2-10 indirectly substantiate the eternity of motion in things. However, these arguments have often been associated with rather different questions, for example how does this mover produce motion--is it a moving cause or a final cause?--and (...)
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  29.  20
    Spontaneitat des Selbst.Stefan Lang - 2010 - Göttingen: V & R Unipress.
    Drawing on the work of Robert Nozick and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, the author argues that human self-consciousness cannot be explained in naturalistic terms. Instead, it is a spontaneous phenomenon.
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  30. Excuses for the Moral Equality of Combatants.Gerald Lang - 2011 - Analysis 71 (3):512-523.
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  31.  18
    Planetary Boundaries.Ulrich Brand, Barbara Muraca, Éric Pineault, Marlyne Sahakian, Anke Schaffartzik, Andreas Novy, Christoph Streissler, Helmut Haberl, Viviana Asara, Kristina Dietz, Miriam Lang, Ashish Kothari, Tone Smith, Clive Spash, Alina Brad, Melanie Pichler, Christina Plank, Giorgos Velegrakis, Thomas Jahn, Angela Carter, Qingzhi Huan, Giorgos Kallis, Joan Martínez Alier, Gabriel Riva, Vishwas Satgar, Emiliano Teran Mantovani, Michelle Williams, Markus Wissen & Christoph Görg - 2023 - In Nathanaël Wallenhorst & Christoph Wulf, Handbook of the Anthropocene. Springer. pp. 91-97.
    The planetary boundaries concept has profoundly changed the vocabulary and representation of global environmental issues. The article starts by highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of planetary boundaries from a social science perspective. It is argued that the growth imperative of capitalist economies, as well as other particular characteristics detailed below, are the main drivers of the ecological crisis and exacerbated trends already underway. Further, the planetary boundaries framework can support interpretations that do not solely emphasize technocratic operational approaches and costs, (...)
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  32. Punishment and the Rebalancing of Status.Gerald Lang - 2014 - Philosophy and Public Issues - Filosofia E Questioni Pubbliche 4 (3):53-67.
  33. Integrated information theory (IIT) 4.0: Formulating the properties of phenomenal existence in physical terms.Larissa Albantakis, Leonardo Barbosa, Graham Findlay, Matteo Grasso, Andrew Haun, William Marshall, William G. P. Mayner, Alireza Zaeemzadeh, Melanie Boly, Bjørn Juel, Shuntaro Sasai, Keiko Fujii, Isaac David, Jeremiah Hendren, Jonathan Lang & Giulio Tononi - 2022 - Arxiv.
    This paper presents Integrated Information Theory (IIT) 4.0. IIT aims to account for the properties of experience in physical (operational) terms. It identifies the essential properties of experience (axioms), infers the necessary and sufficient properties that its substrate must satisfy (postulates), and expresses them in mathematical terms. In principle, the postulates can be applied to any system of units in a state to determine whether it is conscious, to what degree, and in what way. IIT offers a parsimonious explanation of (...)
     
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  34.  39
    The Just War Tradition and the Question of Authority.Anthony F. Lang - 2009 - Journal of Military Ethics 8 (3):202-216.
  35. Thinking Big, Thinking Small: Smilansky's Paradoxes.Gerald Lang - 2009 - Iyyun 58:277-291.
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  36. Consciousness and the Fallacy of Misplaced Objectivity.Francesco Ellia, Jeremiah Hendren, Matteo Grasso, Csaba Kozma, Garrett Mindt, Jonathan Lang, Andrew Haun, Larissa Albantakis, Melanie Boly & Giulio Tononi - 2021 - Neuroscience of Consciousness 7 (2):1-12.
    Objective correlates—behavioral, functional, and neural—provide essential tools for the scientific study of consciousness. But reliance on these correlates should not lead to the ‘fallacy of misplaced objectivity’: the assumption that only objective properties should and can be accounted for objectively through science. Instead, what needs to be explained scientifically is what experience is intrinsically— its subjective properties—not just what we can do with it extrinsically. And it must be explained; otherwise the way experience feels would turn out to be magical (...)
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  37.  43
    Electrophysiological evidence for the effects of emotional content on false recognition memory.Zhiwei Zheng, Minjia Lang, Wei Wang, Fengqiu Xiao & Juan Li - 2018 - Cognition 179 (C):298-310.
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  38. Introspective forgetting.Hans van Ditmarsch, Andreas Herzig, Jérôme Lang & Pierre Marquis - 2009 - Synthese 169 (2):405-423.
    We model the forgetting of propositional variables in a modal logical context where agents become ignorant and are aware of each others’ or their own resulting ignorance. The resulting logic is sound and complete. It can be compared to variable-forgetting as abstraction from information, wherein agents become unaware of certain variables: by employing elementary results for bisimulation, it follows that beliefs not involving the forgotten atom(s) remain true.
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  39.  13
    Philosophy and the Art of Writing: Studies in Philosophical and Literary Style.Berel Lang - 1983 - Bucknell University Press.
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  40.  97
    (1 other version)The Concept of style.Berel Lang (ed.) - 1987 - Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
    ILLUSTRATIONS Chapter 2 1. Roy Lichtenstein, Little Big Painting 83 2. Luis Buriuel, Viridiana (Last Supper scene) 86 3. ...
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  41. Politics and Television.K. LANG - 1968
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  42. The intentional fallacy revisited.Berel Lang - 1974 - British Journal of Aesthetics 14 (4):306-314.
  43.  32
    (1 other version)The Making of Religion.Andrew Lang - 1899 - Philosophical Review 8 (2):171-177.
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  44. The style of method: Repression and representation in the genealogy of philosophy.Berel Lang - 1995 - In Caroline Eck, James McAllister & Renée van de Vall, The Question of Style in Philosophy and the Arts. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 18--36.
     
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  45.  62
    Uniqueness and Explanation.Berel Lang - 1985 - Journal of Philosophy 82 (10):514.
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  46.  23
    Incentive engineering for Boolean games.Michael Wooldridge, Ulle Endriss, Sarit Kraus & Jérôme Lang - 2013 - Artificial Intelligence 195 (C):418-439.
  47.  70
    Shaping the Normative Landscape By David Owens.Gerald Lang - 2015 - Analysis 75 (1):175-177.
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  48.  55
    What's the Matter? Review of Derek Parfit, On What Matters — ERRATUM.Gerald Lang - 2012 - Utilitas 24 (3):441-441.
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  49.  26
    Elective Child Circumcision and Catholic Moral Principles.David Lang - 2012 - The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 12 (1):99-128.
    The ethical propriety of routine male infant circumcision has been debated in journals of medicine and law for many years. This article explores the issue from historical, medical, and moral perspectives. Two essentially different forms of circumcision (one more drastic than the other) are distinguished. Discussion focuses on the effects of the more radical kind of nontherapeutic surgery on a normal healthy child’s body: whether it constitutes a mutilation, whether it is medically warranted, and whether it is ethically defensible in (...)
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  50.  34
    Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy. Volume IIJohn P. Anton Anthony Preus.Helen Lang - 1984 - Isis 75 (4):750-750.
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