Results for 'Uwe Aickelin'

919 found
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  1.  11
    A Bayesian approach to (online) transfer learning: Theory and algorithms.Xuetong Wu, Jonathan H. Manton, Uwe Aickelin & Jingge Zhu - 2023 - Artificial Intelligence 324 (C):103991.
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  2.  48
    Sarah Demmrich, Uwe Wolfradt: Die ‚Gottesidee‘ als Wesensmerkmal der Religion im Denken Karl Girgensohns.Uwe Wolfradt & Sarah Demmrich - 2019 - Journal for the History of Modern Theology/Zeitschrift für Neuere Theologiegeschichte 26 (2):86-103.
    Der protestantische Theologe Karl Girgensohn (1875–1925) ist 1903 mit seinem frühen Werk über das Wesen der Religion an die Öffentlichkeit getreten, welches einen starken religionsphilosophischen Standpunkt zum Ausdruck bringt. Kernüberlegung ist hierbei eine kognitive Theorie des Religiösen, in der die Gottesidee zentral ist. Unter Berücksichtigung der Biographie Girgensohns geht der vorliegende Beitrag auf diese frühe Studie zum Wesen der Religion ein und skizziert den Übergang des Autors von einem philosophischen zu einem experimentell-introspektiven Ansatz der Religiositätsforschung, welcher dann zum Fundament für (...)
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  3. On the ethics of war and terrorism.Uwe Steinhoff - 2007 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    In this book Uwe Steinhoff describes and explains the basic tenets of just war theory and gives a precise, succinct and highly critical account of its present status and of the most important and controversial current debates surrounding it. Rejecting certain in effect medieval assumptions of traditional just war theory and advancing a liberal outlook, Steinhoff argues that every single individual is a legitimate authority and has under certain circumstances the right to declare war on others or the state. He (...)
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  4. The complementarity of mindshaping and mindreading.Uwe Peters - 2019 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 18 (3):533-549.
    Why do we engage in folk psychology, that is, why do we think about and ascribe propositional attitudes such as beliefs, desires, intentions etc. to people? On the standard view, folk psychology is primarily for mindreading, for detecting mental states and explaining and/or predicting people’s behaviour in terms of them. In contrast, McGeer (1996, 2007, 2015), and Zawidzki (2008, 2013) maintain that folk psychology is not primarily for mindreading but for mindshaping, that is, for moulding people’s behavior and minds (e.g., (...)
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  5.  21
    Uwe Meixner, Defending Husserl. A Plea in the Case of Wittgenstein & Company versus Phenomenology (= Philosophical Analysis Vol. 52).Uwe Voigt - 2014 - Philosophisches Jahrbuch 121 (2):421-422.
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  6.  10
    ""The Meaning of" Ought, Prima Facie" and Decision Situations: A Reply to Aqvist.Uwe Bombosch - 1998 - In Christoph Fehige & Ulla Wessels, Preferences. New York: De Gruyter. pp. 19--156.
  7. Reclaiming Control: Extended Mindreading and the Tracking of Digital Footprints.Uwe Peters - 2022 - Social Epistemology 36 (3):267-282.
    It is well known that on the Internet, computer algorithms track our website browsing, clicks, and search history to infer our preferences, interests, and goals. The nature of this algorithmic tracking remains unclear, however. Does it involve what many cognitive scientists and philosophers call ‘mindreading’, i.e., an epistemic capacity to attribute mental states to people to predict, explain, or influence their actions? Here I argue that it does. This is because humans are in a particular way embedded in the process (...)
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  8. Teleosemantics, Swampman, and Strong Representationalism.Uwe Peters - 2014 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 90 (1):273–288.
    Teleosemantics explains mental representation in terms of biological function and selection history. One of the main objections to the account is the so-called ‘Swampman argument’ (Davidson 1987), which holds that there could be a creature with mental representation even though it lacks a selection history. A number of teleosemanticists reject the argument by emphasising that it depends on assuming a creature that is fi ctitious and hence irrelevant for teleosemantics because the theory is only concerned with representations in real-world organisms (...)
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  9.  8
    Zeit und Identität: zur Erinnerung an Jakob Huber.Uwe Arnold & Peter Heintel (eds.) - 1983 - Wien: Im Verlag des Verbandes der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaften Österreichs.
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  10. Rudolf Eucken, ein Gegner des Monismus und Freund des Monisten.Uwe Dathe - 2000 - In Paul Ziche, Monismus um 1900: Wissenschaftskultur und Weltanschauung. Berlin: VWB, Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung.
     
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  11.  27
    Kommentar II.Uwe Fahr - 2005 - Ethik in der Medizin 17 (4):313-315.
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  12.  72
    Answer-set programming encodings for argumentation frameworks.Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl & Stefan Woltran - 2010 - Argument and Computation 1 (2):147-177.
    Answer-set programming (ASP) has emerged as a declarative programming paradigm where problems are encoded as logic programs, such that the so-called answer sets of theses programs represent the solutions of the encoded problem. The efficiency of the latest ASP solvers reached a state that makes them applicable for problems of practical importance. Consequently, problems from many different areas, including diagnosis, data integration, and graph theory, have been successfully tackled via ASP. In this work, we present such ASP-encodings for problems associated (...)
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  13.  14
    Uwe Czaniera, Gibt es moralisches Wissen? Die Kognitivismusdebatte in der analytischen Moralphilosophie. [REVIEW]Uwe Czaniera - 2004 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 7 (3):329-332.
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  14.  34
    The Ethics of War and the Force of Law: A Modern Just War Theory.Uwe Steinhoff - 2020 - Routledge.
    This book provides a thorough critical overview of the current debate on the ethics of war, as well as a modern just war theory that can give practical action-guidance by recognizing and explaining the moral force of widely accepted law. Traditionalist, Walzerian, and "revisionist" approaches have dominated contemporary debates about the classical jus ad bellum and jus in bello requirements in just war theory. In this book, Uwe Steinhoff corrects widely spread misinterpretations of these competing views and spells out the (...)
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  15. Der Weg ist das Ziel. Der Mertonsche Ritualismus und seine Bedeutung für die Kriminalwissenschaften.Uwe Scheffler & Marion Weimer-Hablitzel - 2004 - Jahrbuch für Recht Und Ethik 12.
    Der kürzlich verstorbene US-amerikanische Soziologe Robert K. Merton war der prominenteste und einflußreichste Anomie-Theoretiker nach Emile Durkheim. Seine Typologie der Arten individueller Anpassung an anomische gesellschaftliche Situationen bietet heute noch eine wertvolle Grundlage zur Analyse von Gesellschaften. Dieser Beitrag konzentriert sich auf einen dieser Anpassungstypen, den Ritualismus, der Merton zufolge beinhaltet, daß einerseits die kulturellen Ziele, allen voran das des wirtschaftlichen Wohlstands, heruntergeschraubt oder aufgegeben und andererseits die institutionellen Normen zur Erreichung dieser Ziele beinahe zwanghaft befolgt werden. Diese Definition überdenkend (...)
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  16.  33
    On the hierarchy of “reflexes”.Uwe Windhorst - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (4):625-626.
  17. Human thinking, shared intentionality, and egocentric biases.Uwe Peters - 2015 - Biology and Philosophy 30 (6):1-16.
    The paper briefly summarises and critiques Tomasello’s A Natural History of Human Thinking. After offering an overview of the book, the paper focusses on one particular part of Tomasello’s proposal on the evolution of uniquely human thinking and raises two points of criticism against it. One of them concerns his notion of thinking. The other pertains to empirical findings on egocentric biases in communication.
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  18. Rights, Liability, and the Moral Equality of Combatants.Uwe Steinhoff - 2012 - The Journal of Ethics 16 (4):339-366.
    According to the dominant position in the just war tradition from Augustine to Anscombe and beyond, there is no "moral equality of combatants." That is, on the traditional view the combatants participating in a justified war may kill their enemy combatants participating in an unjustified war - but not vice versa (barring certain qualifications). I shall argue here, however, that in the large number of wars (and in practically all modern wars) where the combatants on the justified side violate the (...)
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  19. Objectivity, perceptual constancy, and teleology in young children.Uwe Peters - 2021 - Mind and Language 37 (5):975-992.
    Can young children such as 3-year-olds represent the world objectively? Some prominent developmental psychologists—such as Perner and Tomasello—assume so. I argue that this view is susceptible to a prima facie powerful objection: To represent objectively, one must be able to represent not only features of the entities represented but also features of objectification itself, which 3-year-olds cannot do yet. Drawing on Burge's work on perceptual constancy, I provide a response to this objection and motivate a distinction between three different kinds (...)
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  20.  28
    On Zardini’s Rules for Multiplicative Quantification as the Source of Contra(di)Ctions.Uwe Petersen - 2023 - Review of Symbolic Logic 16 (4):1110-1119.
    Certain instances of contraction are provable in Zardini’s system $\mathbf {IK}^\omega $ which causes triviality once a truth predicate and suitable fixed points are available.
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  21. (1 other version)Torture? : The case for dirty Harry and against Alan Dershowitz.Uwe Steinhoff - 2006 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 23 (3):337-353.
    abstract Can torture be morally justified? I shall criticise arguments that have been adduced against torture and demonstrate that torture can be justified more easily than most philosophers dealing with the question are prepared to admit. It can be justified not only in ticking nuclear bomb cases but also in less spectacular ticking bomb cases and even in the so‐called Dirty Harry cases. There is no morally relevant difference between self‐defensive killing of a culpable aggressor and torturing someone who is (...)
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  22.  91
    Logic without contraction as based on inclusion and unrestricted abstraction.Uwe Petersen - 2000 - Studia Logica 64 (3):365-403.
    On the one hand, the absence of contraction is a safeguard against the logical (property theoretic) paradoxes; but on the other hand, it also disables inductive and recursive definitions, in its most basic form the definition of the series of natural numbers, for instance. The reason for this is simply that the effectiveness of a recursion clause depends on its being available after application, something that is usually assured by contraction. This paper presents a way of overcoming this problem within (...)
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  23.  17
    Auf abschüssiger Bahn?: 11 Jahre Euthanasiegesetzgebung in den Niederlanden.Uwe Arnhold - 2013 - Zeitschrift Für Evangelische Ethik 57 (2):126-134.
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  24. Die Enteliechie.Uwe Arnold - 1965 - Wien,: R. Oldenbourg.
     
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  25.  47
    From social scientific functionalism to open functional logic.Uwe Becker - 1988 - Theory and Society 17 (6):865-883.
  26.  11
    Ganzheit prima facie: holistisches Denken in der Biologie und Wissenschaftstheorie des 20. Jahrhunderts.Uwe Hunz - 2020 - Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann.
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  27.  61
    Objects and Processes in Mathematical Practice.Uwe V. Riss - 2011 - Foundations of Science 16 (4):337-351.
    In this paper it is argued that the fundamental difference of the formal and the informal position in the philosophy of mathematics results from the collision of an object and a process centric perspective towards mathematics. This collision can be overcome by means of dialectical analysis, which shows that both perspectives essentially depend on each other. This is illustrated by the example of mathematical proof and its formal and informal nature. A short overview of the employed materialist dialectical approach is (...)
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  28.  26
    The Two Sides of Being: A Reassessment of Psycho-physical Dualism.Uwe Meixner - 2004 - Mentis.
    This book is intended as a comprehensive defense of psycho-physical dualism. It gives answers to the question of what dualism may consist in, and inquires into the broadly cultural motivation behind accepting dualism or its opponent physicalism. Arguments for dualism, among them strengthened versions of the famous classical arguments, are presented and defended against objections. Moreover, the various general objections to dualism are criticized in detail, for example, the allegation that dualism is of an anti-scientific nature. The book issues into (...)
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  29. Unjustified Sample Sizes and Generalizations in Explainable AI Research: Principles for More Inclusive User Studies.Uwe Peters & Mary Carman - forthcoming - IEEE Intelligent Systems.
    Many ethical frameworks require artificial intelligence (AI) systems to be explainable. Explainable AI (XAI) models are frequently tested for their adequacy in user studies. Since different people may have different explanatory needs, it is important that participant samples in user studies are large enough to represent the target population to enable generalizations. However, it is unclear to what extent XAI researchers reflect on and justify their sample sizes or avoid broad generalizations across people. We analyzed XAI user studies (N = (...)
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  30.  58
    Renzo's Attempt to Ground State Legitimacy on a Right to Self‐Defence, and the Uselessness of Political Obligation.Uwe Steinhoff - 2016 - Ratio Juris 29 (1):122-135.
  31. When May Soldiers Participate in War?Uwe Steinhoff - 2016 - International Theory 8 (2):262-296.
    I shall argue that in some wars both sides are (as a collective) justified, that is, they can both satisfy valid jus ad bellum requirements. Moreover, in some wars – but not in all – the individual soldiers on the unjustified side (that is, on the side without jus ad bellum) may nevertheless kill soldiers (and also civilians as a side-effect) on the justified side, even if the enemy soldiers always abide by jus in bello constraints. Traditional just war theory (...)
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  32.  12
    Letzte Hilfe: ein Plädoyer für das selbstbestimmte Sterben.Uwe-Christian Arnold - 2014 - Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt. Edited by Michael Schmidt-Salomon.
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  33. Materialism does not save the phenomena and the alternative which does.Uwe Meixner - 2010 - In Robert C. Koons & George Bealer, The waning of materialism. New York: Oxford University Press.
    This chapter offers a version of Cartesian dualism that draws on the resources of a Husserlian account of intentionality. For example, it argues that 'I can locate myself at the point in space from which I am looking at the world (my 'center of perspective')'. It relies on empirical phenomenology to show that this location that does not correspond to my body or any part of it. Phantom sensations provide confirming evidence. Next, the chapter uses the example of blurred (versus (...)
     
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  34.  26
    Kommunikationsforschung in Industrieunternehmen – ein Interessenkonflikt?Uwe Braehmer - 1983 - Communications 9 (2-3):299-314.
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  35.  24
    Mechanismen der Informationsdiffusion in industriellen Organisationen.Uwe Braehmer - 1985 - Communications 11 (3):21-36.
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  36.  18
    Protestantismus heute: Potentiale - Pathologien - Paradoxien.Uwe Gerber - 2022 - Berlin: Peter Lang.
    Mit der neuzeitlichen Säkularisierung verliert auch der Protestantismus seinen Volkskirchencharakter. Das hat eine Neuorientierung zur Folge. An die Stelledes theistischen Gottesbildes tritt das Paradox vom 'abwesenden' Gott. Der Autor interpretiert das Glaubensparadox als Widerfahrnis von Befreiung und Verpflichtung durch den Anderen in der 'Spur' Gottes. Er diskutiert diese für die Zivilgesellschaft relevanten Potentiale mit Feministischer Theologie, mit der Umgestaltung des Erlösungschristentums in einen Protestantismus der Versöhnung mit unserer Endlichkeit und der Schöpfungswelt. Vom methodischen Gesichtspunkt wählt der Autor einen phänomenologisch-dekonstruktiven Ansatz (...)
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  37.  10
    Zur archäologischen Erforschung westfälischer Frauenklöster des 9. Jahrhunderts.Uwe Lobbedey - 1970 - Frühmittelalterliche Studien 4 (1):320-340.
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  38.  4
    Zu eingetieften Räumen in früh- und hochmittelalterlichen Kirchen.Uwe Lobbedey - 1986 - Frühmittelalterliche Studien 20 (1):390-413.
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  39.  53
    Cooperation and Community an the Internet: Past Issues and Present Perspectives for Theoretical-Empirical Internet Research.Uwe Matzat - 2004 - Analyse & Kritik 26 (1):63-90.
    This paper first summarizes two central debates in the field of social scientific Internet research, namely the debate about the so-called ‘social impact of Internet use’ and the debate about the existence of community on the Internet. Early research discussed whether building up a community on the Internet was possible and what the effects of the use of the Internet were for its user. Recent research on the social consequences of Internet use suggests that ‘the’ Internet should no longer be (...)
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  40.  47
    Consciousness mediated by neural transition states: How invisibly rapid motions can become visible.Uwe Mattler & Robert Fendrich - 2010 - Consciousness and Cognition 19 (1):172-185.
    When observers view a rapidly moving stimulus they may see only a static streak. We report that there can be a transient percept of motion if such a moving stimulus is preceded or followed by a stationary image of that stimulus. A ring of dots was rotated so rapidly observers only saw a continuous outline circle and could not report its rotation direction. When an objectively stationary ring of dots preceded or followed this rotating ring, the stationary ring appeared to (...)
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  41. What Is the Function of Confirmation Bias?Uwe Peters - 2022 - Erkenntnis 87 (3):1351-1376.
    Confirmation bias is one of the most widely discussed epistemically problematic cognitions, challenging reliable belief formation and the correction of inaccurate views. Given its problematic nature, it remains unclear why the bias evolved and is still with us today. To offer an explanation, several philosophers and scientists have argued that the bias is in fact adaptive. I critically discuss three recent proposals of this kind before developing a novel alternative, what I call the ‘reality-matching account’. According to the account, confirmation (...)
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  42. Triangulation revisited: Strategy of validation or alternative?Uwe Flick - 1992 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 22 (2):175–197.
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  43. Self-Defense, Necessity, and Punishment: A Philosophical Analysis.Uwe Steinhoff - 2019 - London and New York: Routledge.
    This book offers a philosophical analysis of the moral and legal justifications for the use of force. While the book focuses on the ethics self-defense, it also explores its relation to lesser evil justifications, public authority, the justification of punishment, and the ethics of war. Steinhoff’s account of the moral use of force covers a wide range of topics, including the nature of justification in general, the precise elements of different justifications, the logic of claim- and liberty-rights and of rights (...)
  44. Quong on Agent-Relative Prerogatives to Do Harm: A Very Brief Refutation.Uwe Steinhoff - manuscript
    In a recent paper, Jonathan Quong tries to offer further support for “the proposition that there are sometimes agent-relative prerogatives to harm nonliable persons.” In this brief paper, I will demonstrate that Quong’s argument implicitly relies on the premise that the violinist in Thomson’s famous example has a right not to be unplugged. Yet, first, Quong provides no argument in support of this premise; and second, the premise is clearly wrong. Moreover, throughout his paper Quong just question-beggingly and without argument (...)
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  45. Debate: Jeff McMahan on the moral inequality of combatants.Uwe Steinhoff - 2008 - Journal of Political Philosophy 16 (2):220–226.
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  46. The Two Sides of Being: A Reassessment of Psycho-Physical Dualism.Uwe Meixner - 2005 - Erkenntnis 62 (2):290-294.
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  47. Cultural Bias in Explainable AI Research.Uwe Peters & Mary Carman - forthcoming - Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research.
    For synergistic interactions between humans and artificial intelligence (AI) systems, AI outputs often need to be explainable to people. Explainable AI (XAI) systems are commonly tested in human user studies. However, whether XAI researchers consider potential cultural differences in human explanatory needs remains unexplored. We highlight psychological research that found significant differences in human explanations between many people from Western, commonly individualist countries and people from non-Western, often collectivist countries. We argue that XAI research currently overlooks these variations and that (...)
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  48. Science Communication and the Problematic Impact of Descriptive Norms.Uwe Peters - 2023 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 74 (3):713-738.
    When scientists or science reporters communicate research results to the public, this often involves ethical and epistemic risks. One such risk arises when scientific claims cause cognitive or behavioural changes in the audience that contribute to the self-fulfilment of these claims. I argue that the ethical and epistemic problems that such self-fulfilment effects may pose are much broader and more common than hitherto appreciated. Moreover, these problems are often due to a specific psychological phenomenon that has been neglected in the (...)
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  49.  18
    Factor Structure and Convergent Validity of the Short Version of the Bielefeld Partnership Expectations Questionnaire in Patients With Anxiety Disorder and Healthy Controls.Uwe Altmann, Katja Brenk-Franz, Bernhard Strauss & Katja Petrowski - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    The short version of the Bielefeld Partnership Expectations Questionnaire assesses the partner-related attachment dimensions fear of rejection, readiness for self-disclosure, and conscious need for care. The presented study investigated the factor structure in two samples and evaluated the convergent validity of scales. The sample included N = 175 patients with panic disorder and/or agoraphobia and N = 143 healthy controls. Besides, the BPEQ, the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire, and the Brief Symptom Inventory were assessed as well, and the Adult (...)
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  50.  25
    Outpatient Psychotherapy Improves Symptoms and Reduces Health Care Costs in Regularly and Prematurely Terminated Therapies.Uwe Altmann, Désirée Thielemann, Anna Zimmermann, Andrés Steffanowski, Ellen Bruckmeier, Irmgard Pfaffinger, Andrea Fembacher & Bernhard Strauß - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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