Results for 'Uwe Aickelin'

919 found
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  1.  11
    A Bayesian approach to (online) transfer learning: Theory and algorithms.Xuetong Wu, Jonathan H. Manton, Uwe Aickelin & Jingge Zhu - 2023 - Artificial Intelligence 324 (C):103991.
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  2.  31
    Time course of free-choice priming effects explained by a simple accumulator model.Uwe Mattler & Simon Palmer - 2012 - Cognition 123 (3):347-360.
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  3.  48
    Sarah Demmrich, Uwe Wolfradt: Die ‚Gottesidee‘ als Wesensmerkmal der Religion im Denken Karl Girgensohns.Uwe Wolfradt & Sarah Demmrich - 2019 - Journal for the History of Modern Theology/Zeitschrift für Neuere Theologiegeschichte 26 (2):86-103.
    Der protestantische Theologe Karl Girgensohn (1875–1925) ist 1903 mit seinem frühen Werk über das Wesen der Religion an die Öffentlichkeit getreten, welches einen starken religionsphilosophischen Standpunkt zum Ausdruck bringt. Kernüberlegung ist hierbei eine kognitive Theorie des Religiösen, in der die Gottesidee zentral ist. Unter Berücksichtigung der Biographie Girgensohns geht der vorliegende Beitrag auf diese frühe Studie zum Wesen der Religion ein und skizziert den Übergang des Autors von einem philosophischen zu einem experimentell-introspektiven Ansatz der Religiositätsforschung, welcher dann zum Fundament für (...)
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  4.  21
    Uwe Meixner, Defending Husserl. A Plea in the Case of Wittgenstein & Company versus Phenomenology (= Philosophical Analysis Vol. 52).Uwe Voigt - 2014 - Philosophisches Jahrbuch 121 (2):421-422.
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  5.  7
    Vom anderen zum selben: für eine anthropologische Lektüre von Emmanuel Lévinas.Uwe Bernhardt - 1996 - Bonn: Bouvier.
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  6.  8
    Chapter IV: On the Literature.Uwe Meixner - 2014 - In Defending Husserl: A Plea in the Case of Wittgenstein & Company Versus Phenomenology. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 361-482.
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  7.  7
    Die Gesellschaft im Konzern und im Kapitalmarkt.Uwe H. Schneider & Peter Hommelhoff - 2010 - In Uwe H. Schneider & Peter Hommelhoff, Marcus Lutter. Gesammelte Schriften. De Gruyter.
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  8. Phänomenologie und Anthropologie bei Walter Benjamin.Uwe Steiner - 2012 - In Carolin Duttlinger, Ben Morgan & Tony Phelan, Walter Benjamins anthropologisches Denken. Freiburg: Rombach.
     
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  9. Cultural Bias in Explainable AI Research.Uwe Peters & Mary Carman - forthcoming - Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research.
    For synergistic interactions between humans and artificial intelligence (AI) systems, AI outputs often need to be explainable to people. Explainable AI (XAI) systems are commonly tested in human user studies. However, whether XAI researchers consider potential cultural differences in human explanatory needs remains unexplored. We highlight psychological research that found significant differences in human explanations between many people from Western, commonly individualist countries and people from non-Western, often collectivist countries. We argue that XAI research currently overlooks these variations and that (...)
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  10. What Is the Function of Confirmation Bias?Uwe Peters - 2022 - Erkenntnis 87 (3):1351-1376.
    Confirmation bias is one of the most widely discussed epistemically problematic cognitions, challenging reliable belief formation and the correction of inaccurate views. Given its problematic nature, it remains unclear why the bias evolved and is still with us today. To offer an explanation, several philosophers and scientists have argued that the bias is in fact adaptive. I critically discuss three recent proposals of this kind before developing a novel alternative, what I call the ‘reality-matching account’. According to the account, confirmation (...)
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  11. Algorithmic Political Bias in Artificial Intelligence Systems.Uwe Peters - 2022 - Philosophy and Technology 35 (2):1-23.
    Some artificial intelligence systems can display algorithmic bias, i.e. they may produce outputs that unfairly discriminate against people based on their social identity. Much research on this topic focuses on algorithmic bias that disadvantages people based on their gender or racial identity. The related ethical problems are significant and well known. Algorithmic bias against other aspects of people’s social identity, for instance, their political orientation, remains largely unexplored. This paper argues that algorithmic bias against people’s political orientation can arise in (...)
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  12.  34
    The Ethics of War and the Force of Law: A Modern Just War Theory.Uwe Steinhoff - 2020 - Routledge.
    This book provides a thorough critical overview of the current debate on the ethics of war, as well as a modern just war theory that can give practical action-guidance by recognizing and explaining the moral force of widely accepted law. Traditionalist, Walzerian, and "revisionist" approaches have dominated contemporary debates about the classical jus ad bellum and jus in bello requirements in just war theory. In this book, Uwe Steinhoff corrects widely spread misinterpretations of these competing views and spells out the (...)
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  13. On the ethics of war and terrorism.Uwe Steinhoff - 2007 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    In this book Uwe Steinhoff describes and explains the basic tenets of just war theory and gives a precise, succinct and highly critical account of its present status and of the most important and controversial current debates surrounding it. Rejecting certain in effect medieval assumptions of traditional just war theory and advancing a liberal outlook, Steinhoff argues that every single individual is a legitimate authority and has under certain circumstances the right to declare war on others or the state. He (...)
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  14. Science Based on Artificial Intelligence Need not Pose a Social Epistemological Problem.Uwe Peters - 2024 - Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective 13 (1).
    It has been argued that our currently most satisfactory social epistemology of science can’t account for science that is based on artificial intelligence (AI) because this social epistemology requires trust between scientists that can take full responsibility for the research tools they use, and scientists can’t take full responsibility for the AI tools they use since these systems are epistemically opaque. I think this argument overlooks that much AI-based science can be done without opaque models, and that agents can take (...)
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  15. Science Communication and the Problematic Impact of Descriptive Norms.Uwe Peters - 2023 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 74 (3):713-738.
    When scientists or science reporters communicate research results to the public, this often involves ethical and epistemic risks. One such risk arises when scientific claims cause cognitive or behavioural changes in the audience that contribute to the self-fulfilment of these claims. I argue that the ethical and epistemic problems that such self-fulfilment effects may pose are much broader and more common than hitherto appreciated. Moreover, these problems are often due to a specific psychological phenomenon that has been neglected in the (...)
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  16.  72
    Answer-set programming encodings for argumentation frameworks.Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl & Stefan Woltran - 2010 - Argument and Computation 1 (2):147-177.
    Answer-set programming (ASP) has emerged as a declarative programming paradigm where problems are encoded as logic programs, such that the so-called answer sets of theses programs represent the solutions of the encoded problem. The efficiency of the latest ASP solvers reached a state that makes them applicable for problems of practical importance. Consequently, problems from many different areas, including diagnosis, data integration, and graph theory, have been successfully tackled via ASP. In this work, we present such ASP-encodings for problems associated (...)
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  17.  8
    Wahrzeichen: Deutungen des abendländischen Denkens.Uwe Beyer - 1994 - Münster: Lit.
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  18.  10
    ""The Meaning of" Ought, Prima Facie" and Decision Situations: A Reply to Aqvist.Uwe Bombosch - 1998 - In Christoph Fehige & Ulla Wessels, Preferences. New York: De Gruyter. pp. 19--156.
  19.  18
    Eine Ergänzung zur Biographie Edmund Husserls.Uwe Dathe - 1993 - In Werner Stelzner, Philosophie Und Logik: Frege-Kolloquien 1989 Und 1991. De Gruyter. pp. 160-166.
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  20.  17
    "Max Scheler and" philosophical history".Uwe Dathe & Giuliana Mancuso - 2009 - Rivista di Storia Della Filosofia 64 (3):567 - +.
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  21. Edited volumes-die entstehung biologischer diszlplinen. II. beitrage zur 10. jahrestagung der dggtb in Berlin 2001.Uwe Hossfeld & Thomas Junker - 2002 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 24 (2):345-345.
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  22.  6
    Rechnungslegung.Uwe H. Schneider & Peter Hommelhoff - 2010 - In Uwe H. Schneider & Peter Hommelhoff, Marcus Lutter. Gesammelte Schriften. De Gruyter.
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  23.  12
    Walter Benjamin: An Introduction to His Work and Thought.Uwe Steiner - 2010 - University of Chicago Press.
    Seven decades after his death, German Jewish writer, philosopher, and literary critic Walter Benjamin continues to fascinate and influence. Here Uwe Steiner offers a comprehensive and sophisticated introduction to the oeuvre of this intriguing theorist. Acknowledged only by a small circle of intellectuals during his lifetime, Benjamin is now a major figure whose work is essential to an understanding of modernity. Steiner traces the development of Benjamin’s thought chronologically through his writings on philosophy, literature, history, politics, the media, art, photography, (...)
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  24. Implicit bias, ideological bias, and epistemic risks in philosophy.Uwe Peters - 2018 - Mind and Language 34 (3):393-419.
    It has been argued that implicit biases are operative in philosophy and lead to significant epistemic costs in the field. Philosophers working on this issue have focussed mainly on implicit gender and race biases. They have overlooked ideological bias, which targets political orientations. Psychologists have found ideological bias in their field and have argued that it has negative epistemic effects on scientific research. I relate this debate to the field of philosophy and argue that if, as some studies suggest, the (...)
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  25. Ideological diversity, hostility, and discrimination in philosophy.Uwe Peters, Nathan Honeycutt, Andreas De Block & Lee Jussim - 2020 - Philosophical Psychology 33 (4):511-548.
    Members of the field of philosophy have, just as other people, political convictions or, as psychologists call them, ideologies. How are different ideologies distributed and perceived in the field? Using the familiar distinction between the political left and right, we surveyed an international sample of 794 subjects in philosophy. We found that survey participants clearly leaned left (75%), while right-leaning individuals (14%) and moderates (11%) were underrepresented. Moreover, and strikingly, across the political spectrum, from very left-leaning individuals and moderates to (...)
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  26. Illegitimate Values, Confirmation Bias, and Mandevillian Cognition in Science.Uwe Peters - 2021 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 72 (4):1061-1081.
    In the philosophy of science, it is a common proposal that values are illegitimate in science and should be counteracted whenever they drive inquiry to the confirmation of predetermined conclusions. Drawing on recent cognitive scientific research on human reasoning and confirmation bias, I argue that this view should be rejected. Advocates of it have overlooked that values that drive inquiry to the confirmation of predetermined conclusions can contribute to the reliability of scientific inquiry at the group level even when they (...)
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  27.  53
    The documentation of clinical ethics consultation.Uwe Fahr - 2009 - Ethik in der Medizin 21 (1):32-44.
    Klinische Ethikberatungen sollten dokumentiert werden, wenn dies mit den Klienten entsprechend vereinbart worden ist. Der Beitrag plädiert für eine stetige Dokumentation von Ethikberatungen (interne Dokumentation). Auf diesen Grundlagen können unterschiedliche Berichte über Ethikberatungen mit unterschiedlichen Inhalten und unterschiedlichen Adressaten entstehen. Es wird zwischen einem Ergebnis- und einem Verlaufsbericht unterschieden. Diese werden von summarischen Zeitraumberichten oder einem Berichtssystem Ethikberatung abgegrenzt. Ergebnisberichte mit einer Darlegung des Beratungsergebnisses und den wichtigsten ethischen Argumenten werden häufig in Krankenunterlagen eingeordnet. Verlaufsberichte dienen in der Regel eher (...)
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  28.  31
    An Axiomatization of the Thomasic Ontology of Composition.Uwe Meixner - 2023 - Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 79 (1-2):65-136.
    This treatise delves into the construction and formalization of a precise theory to encapsulate a pivotal facet of Thomas Aquinas’s ontology. In particular, it focuses on the development of a formal language that is adequate for formulating Aquinas’s understanding of the simultaneous nature of divinity as both an object of subsistence and a universal, individual, and actuating form—a concept evocative of the original Platonic sense of form. The presented axiomatized theory as a medium for expounding the ontological principles enunciated by (...)
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  29.  61
    Thought and Language.Uwe Monnich & J. M. Moravcsik - 1994 - Philosophical Review 103 (1):144.
  30. Explainable AI lacks regulative reasons: why AI and human decision‑making are not equally opaque.Uwe Peters - forthcoming - AI and Ethics.
    Many artificial intelligence (AI) systems currently used for decision-making are opaque, i.e., the internal factors that determine their decisions are not fully known to people due to the systems’ computational complexity. In response to this problem, several researchers have argued that human decision-making is equally opaque and since simplifying, reason-giving explanations (rather than exhaustive causal accounts) of a decision are typically viewed as sufficient in the human case, the same should hold for algorithmic decision-making. Here, I contend that this argument (...)
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  31. Self-Defense, Necessity, and Punishment: A Philosophical Analysis.Uwe Steinhoff - 2019 - London and New York: Routledge.
    This book offers a philosophical analysis of the moral and legal justifications for the use of force. While the book focuses on the ethics self-defense, it also explores its relation to lesser evil justifications, public authority, the justification of punishment, and the ethics of war. Steinhoff’s account of the moral use of force covers a wide range of topics, including the nature of justification in general, the precise elements of different justifications, the logic of claim- and liberty-rights and of rights (...)
  32.  9
    Christus und Dionysus: ihre widerstreitende Bedeutung im Denken Hölderins und Nietzsches.Uwe Beyer - 1992 - Münster: Lit.
  33.  10
    Kritische Bemerkungen zur katholischen Ekklesiologie nach der Constitutio dogmatica de Ecclesia des II. Vatikanums.Uwe Gerber - 1967 - Neue Zeitschrift für Systematicsche Theologie Und Religionsphilosophie 9 (3):356-390.
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  34.  8
    Immanuel Kant in Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten.Uwe Schultz - 1971 - (Reinbek b. Hamburg): Rowohlt(-Taschenbuch-Verl..
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  35. Phantasie und Gefühl.Uwe Wolfradt - 2012 - In Günther Rötter & Martin Ebeling, Hören und Fühlen. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
     
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  36.  48
    Verbal and visual causal arguments.Uwe Oestermeier & Friedrich W. Hesse - 2000 - Cognition 75 (1):65-104.
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  37.  35
    Relating the evolution of Music-Readiness and Language-Readiness within the context of comparative neuroprimatology.Uwe Seifert - 2018 - Interaction Studies 19 (1-2):86-101.
    Language- and music-readiness are demonstrated as related within comparative neuroprimatology by elaborating three hypotheses concerning music-readiness (MR): The (musicological) rhythm-first hypothesis (MR-1), the combinatoriality hypothesis (MR-2), and the socio-affect-cohesion hypothesis (MR-3). MR-1 states that rhythm precedes evolutionarily melody and tonality. MR-2 states that complex imitation and fractionation within the expanding spiral of the mirror system/complex imitation hypothesis (MS/CIH) lead to the combinatorial capacities of rhythm necessary for building up a musical lexicon and complex structures; and rhythm, in connection with repetition (...)
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  38. The complementarity of mindshaping and mindreading.Uwe Peters - 2019 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 18 (3):533-549.
    Why do we engage in folk psychology, that is, why do we think about and ascribe propositional attitudes such as beliefs, desires, intentions etc. to people? On the standard view, folk psychology is primarily for mindreading, for detecting mental states and explaining and/or predicting people’s behaviour in terms of them. In contrast, McGeer (1996, 2007, 2015), and Zawidzki (2008, 2013) maintain that folk psychology is not primarily for mindreading but for mindshaping, that is, for moulding people’s behavior and minds (e.g., (...)
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  39. Weighing the costs: the epistemic dilemma of no-platforming.Uwe Peters & Nikolaj Nottelmann - 2021 - Synthese 199 (3-4):7231-7253.
    ‘No-platforming’—the practice of denying someone the opportunity to express their opinion at certain venues because of the perceived abhorrent or misguided nature of their view—is a hot topic. Several philosophers have advanced epistemic reasons for using the policy in certain cases. Here we introduce epistemic considerations against no-platforming that are relevant for the reflection on the cases at issue. We then contend that three recent epistemic arguments in favor of no-platforming fail to factor these considerations in and, as a result, (...)
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  40. Reclaiming Control: Extended Mindreading and the Tracking of Digital Footprints.Uwe Peters - 2022 - Social Epistemology 36 (3):267-282.
    It is well known that on the Internet, computer algorithms track our website browsing, clicks, and search history to infer our preferences, interests, and goals. The nature of this algorithmic tracking remains unclear, however. Does it involve what many cognitive scientists and philosophers call ‘mindreading’, i.e., an epistemic capacity to attribute mental states to people to predict, explain, or influence their actions? Here I argue that it does. This is because humans are in a particular way embedded in the process (...)
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  41. From Discourse to Logic: Introduction to Modeltheoretic Semantics of Natural Language, Formal Logic and Discourse Representation Theory.Hans Kamp & Uwe Reyle - 1993 - Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    Preface This book is about semantics and logic. More specifically, it is about the semantics and logic of natural language; and, even more specifically than ...
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  42. Generalization Bias in Science.Uwe Peters, Alexander Krauss & Oliver Braganza - 2022 - Cognitive Science 46 (9):e13188.
    Many scientists routinely generalize from study samples to larger populations. It is commonly assumed that this cognitive process of scientific induction is a voluntary inference in which researchers assess the generalizability of their data and then draw conclusions accordingly. We challenge this view and argue for a novel account. The account describes scientific induction as involving by default a generalization bias that operates automatically and frequently leads researchers to unintentionally generalize their findings without sufficient evidence. The result is unwarranted, overgeneralized (...)
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  43.  14
    Uwe Czaniera, Gibt es moralisches Wissen? Die Kognitivismusdebatte in der analytischen Moralphilosophie. [REVIEW]Uwe Czaniera - 2004 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 7 (3):329-332.
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  44. Rights, Liability, and the Moral Equality of Combatants.Uwe Steinhoff - 2012 - The Journal of Ethics 16 (4):339-366.
    According to the dominant position in the just war tradition from Augustine to Anscombe and beyond, there is no "moral equality of combatants." That is, on the traditional view the combatants participating in a justified war may kill their enemy combatants participating in an unjustified war - but not vice versa (barring certain qualifications). I shall argue here, however, that in the large number of wars (and in practically all modern wars) where the combatants on the justified side violate the (...)
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  45.  34
    On the function of muscle and reflex partitioning.Uwe Windhorst, Thomas M. Hamm & Douglas G. Stuart - 1989 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12 (4):629-645.
    Studies have shown that in the mammalian neuromuscular system stretch reflexes are localized within individual muscles. Neuromuscular compartmentalization, the partitioning of sensory output from muscles, and the partitioning of segmental pathways to motor nuclei have also been demonstrated. This evidence indicates that individual motor nuclei and the muscles they innervate are not homogeneous functional units. An analysis of the functional significance of reflex localization and partitioning suggests that segmental control mechanisms are based on subdivisions of motor nuclei–muscle complexes. A partitioned (...)
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  46.  12
    Letzte Hilfe: ein Plädoyer für das selbstbestimmte Sterben.Uwe-Christian Arnold - 2014 - Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt. Edited by Michael Schmidt-Salomon.
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  47. Politicizing Mindshaping.Uwe Peters - forthcoming - In Tad Zawidzki, Routledge Handbook of Mindshaping.
    To better navigate social interactions, we routinely (consciously or unconsciously) categorize people based on their distinctive features. One important way we do this is by ascribing political orientations to them. For example, based on certain behavioral cues, we might perceive someone as politically liberal, progressive, conservative, libertarian, Marxist, anarchist, or fascist. Although such ascriptions may appear to be mere descriptions, I argue that they can have deeper, regulative effects on their targets, potentially politicizing and polarizing them in ways that remain (...)
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  48.  25
    Outpatient Psychotherapy Improves Symptoms and Reduces Health Care Costs in Regularly and Prematurely Terminated Therapies.Uwe Altmann, Désirée Thielemann, Anna Zimmermann, Andrés Steffanowski, Ellen Bruckmeier, Irmgard Pfaffinger, Andrea Fembacher & Bernhard Strauß - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  49. Die Enteliechie.Uwe Arnold - 1965 - Wien,: R. Oldenbourg.
     
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  50.  47
    From social scientific functionalism to open functional logic.Uwe Becker - 1988 - Theory and Society 17 (6):865-883.
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