Results for 'Shane Bretz'

597 found
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  1.  76
    Two Models of Moral Judgment.Shane Bretz & Ron Sun - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S1):4-37.
    This paper compares two theories and their two corresponding computational models of human moral judgment. In order to better address psychological realism and generality of theories of moral judgment, more detailed and more psychologically nuanced models are needed. In particular, a motivationally based theory of moral judgment is developed in this paper that provides a more accurate account of human moral judgment than an existing emotion-reason conflict theory. Simulations based on the theory capture and explain a range of relevant human (...)
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  2.  90
    Discussing Harm without Harming.Thomas H. Bretz - 2020 - Environmental Ethics 42 (2):169-187.
    While the disability community has long argued convincingly that disability is not a negative condition, academic and popular discourses on environmental justice routinely refer to disability as a prima facie harm to be avoided. This perpetuates the harms of ableism, and it is, furthermore, unnecessary in order to advance environmental justice. It is possible to demand an investigation into the state of an environment, to object to toxic environmental conditions and to hold polluting parties accountable without assuming any overall difference (...)
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  3. Nietzsche now.M. Bretz & D. V. Hofmann - 2000 - Nietzsche Studien 29:332-354.
     
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  4. Universal intelligence: A definition of machine intelligence.Shane Legg & Marcus Hutter - 2007 - Minds and Machines 17 (4):391-444.
    A fundamental problem in artificial intelligence is that nobody really knows what intelligence is. The problem is especially acute when we need to consider artificial systems which are significantly different to humans. In this paper we approach this problem in the following way: we take a number of well known informal definitions of human intelligence that have been given by experts, and extract their essential features. These are then mathematically formalised to produce a general measure of intelligence for arbitrary machines. (...)
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  5.  20
    Identity Politics: Lesbian Feminism and the Limits of Community.Shane Phelan - 1991 - Temple University Press.
    "Lesbian feminism began and has fueled itself with the rejection of liberalism.... In this rejection, lesbian feminists were not alone. They were joined by the New Left, by many blacks in the civil rights movement, by male academic theorists.... What all these groups shared was an intense awareness of the ways in which liberalism fails to account for the social reality of the world, through a reliance upon law and legal structure to define membership, through individualism, through its basis in (...)
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  6.  72
    Linking management behavior to ethical philosophy.Shane R. Premeaux & R. Wayne Mondy - 1993 - Journal of Business Ethics 12 (5):349 - 357.
    This study investigates current linkages between ethical theory and management behavior. The vignettes used in this investigation represent ethical dilemmas in the areas of coercion and control, conflict of interest, physical environment, and personal integrity. The results indicate that even with the heightened state of ethical awareness that has evolved in recent years the link between ethical philosophy and management behavior remains basically the same as it was in the mid 1980s. Specifically, practitioners still rely almost totally on the utilitarian (...)
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  7.  6
    Food for the Lewd: Ananius fr. 5 & 6W.Shane Hawkins - 2024 - American Journal of Philology 145 (4):465-495.
    Ananius fr. 5 is not simply a list of gastronomic delights but an extended series of humorous metaphors of a type common among early iambic and comic authors. The bon vivant image of the poem, whether merely ironic or echoing ethical concerns with consumption and self-control, and the confusion surrounding Ananius’ name and identity are all difficult points of interpretation. It is argued here that, although he is often thought of as representing a gentler strand of the iambic repertoire, a (...)
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  8. [no title].Daniel Kahneman & Shane Frederick - 2002 - Cambridge University Press.
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  9.  78
    A managerial in-basket study of the impact of trait emotions on ethical choice.Shane Connelly, Whitney Helton-Fauth & Michael D. Mumford - 2004 - Journal of Business Ethics 51 (3):245-267.
    This paper explores the relationship of various trait emotions to the ethical choices of 189 college students who completed a managerial decision-making task as part of an in-basket exercise in a laboratory setting. Prior research regarding emotion influences on ethical decision-making and linkages between emotions and cognition informed hypotheses about how different types of emotions impact ethical choices. Findings supported our expectations that positive and negative emotions classified as active would be more strongly related to interpersonally-directed ethical choices than to (...)
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  10.  53
    Strange Bedfellows? Common Ground on the Moral Status Question.Shane Maxwell Wilkins - 2016 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 41 (2):130-147.
    When does a developing human being acquire moral status? I outline three different positions based on substance ontology that attempt to solve the question by locating some morally salient event in the process of human development question. In the second section, I consider some specific empirical objections to one of these positions, refute them, and then show how similar objections and responses would generalize to the other substance-based positions on the question. The crucial finding is that all the attempts to (...)
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  11. Was Hume An Atheist?Shane Andre - 1993 - Hume Studies 19 (1):141-166.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Was Hume An Atheist? Shane Andre Hume's philosophy of religion, as expressed in the Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, the Natural History of Religion, and sections 10 and 11 ofthe Enquiry ConcerningHuman Understanding,1 invites a number of diverse interpretations. At one extreme are those who see Hume as an "atheist"2 or "anti-theist."3 At the other extreme are those who see Hume as some kind of theist, though not a (...)
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  12.  32
    Eco-Deconstruction: Derrida and Environmental Philosophy ed. by Matthias Fritsch, Philippe Lynes, David C. Wood.Thomas H. Bretz - 2019 - Ethics and the Environment 24 (1):121-130.
    At first glance, it might seem strange to consider Derrida as an environmental philosopher. There is still a sense with many that Derrida is primarily a thinker of poetry and texts rather than of “leaves or soil”. While this is still a common view, even a cursory glance at Derrida’s work and at this volume shows that it is based on a misunderstanding. What it ignores is the fact that ‘text’ for Derrida is “coextensive [at least, T.B.] with mortal life” (...)
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  13.  20
    Toward a Mediating Understanding of Tongues: A Historical and Exegetical Examination of Early Literature.Shane M. Kraeger - 2010 - Eleutheria: A Graduate Student Journal 1 (1):5.
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  14.  2
    What Can Medicine Do for Poetry? Poetry in the First Year of the CMAJ.Shane Neilson - 2025 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 68 (1):70-86.
    Much has been written about how poetry can be of use to medicine and medical education, privileging an instrumental perspective. But what might medicine contribute to poetry, beyond “subject matter”? Through enactive metaphors specific to medicine, medicine can bring body to words, and specific context to abstractions. But medicine and poetry are co-embroiled in life itself. This article first discusses the instrumentalism governing the use of poetry in medical education. Then it uses metaphor theory and the Kristevan concept of translationality (...)
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  15.  15
    Getting Specific: Postmodern Lesbian Politics.Shane Phelan - 1994 - U of Minnesota Press.
    Phelan examines lesbian political theory and points out the pitfalls of a lesbian feminism that ignores the specificities of race. As she searches for a democratic identity politics, she explores the possibilities for lesbian community and for alliances with other groups, as well as the political goals of lesbian action.
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  16. A Collection of Definitions of Intelligence.Shane Legg & Marcus Hutter - 2007 - :1–12.
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  17.  76
    Smart Environments.Shane Ryan, S. Orestis Palermos & Mirko Farina - 2024 - Social Epistemology 38 (4):491-510.
    This paper proposes epistemic environmentalism as a novel framework for accounting for the contribution of the environment – broadly construed – to epistemic standings and which can be used to improve or protect epistemic environments. The contribution of the environment to epistemic standings is explained through recent developments in epistemology and cognitive science, including embodied cognition, embedded cognition, extended cognition and distributed cognition. The paper examines how these developments support epistemic environmentalism, as well as contributes theoretical resources to make epistemic (...)
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  18.  53
    An evaluation of early and late stage attentional processing of positive and negative information in dysphoria.Matthew S. Shane & Jordan B. Peterson - 2007 - Cognition and Emotion 21 (4):789-815.
  19. Time discounting and time preference: A critical review.Shane Frederick, George Loewenstein & Ted O’Donoghue - 2002 - Journal of Economic Literature 40 (2):351–401.
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  20.  27
    Genetic Algorithm Search Over Causal Models.Shane Harwood & Richard Scheines - unknown
    Shane Harwood and Richard Scheines. Genetic Algorithm Search Over Causal Models.
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  21.  39
    Learning Linear Causal Structure Equation Models with Genetic Algorithms.Shane Harwood & Richard Scheines - unknown
    Shane Harwood and Richard Scheines. Learning Linear Causal Structure Equation Models with Genetic Algorithms.
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  22. Spaced learning and the lexical integration of novel words.Shane Lindsay & M. Gareth Gaskell - 2009 - In N. A. Taatgen & H. van Rijn, Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. pp. 2517--2522.
     
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  23.  57
    The word folly: Samuel Beckett's "comment dire" ("what is the word").Shane Weller - 2000 - Angelaki 5 (1):165-180.
  24. Epistemic Environmentalism.Shane Ryan - 2018 - Journal of Philosophical Research 43:97-112.
    I motivate and develop a normative framework for undertaking work in applied epistemology. I set out the framework, which I call epistemic environmentalism, explaining the role of social epistemology and epistemic value theory in the framework. Next, I explain the environmentalist terminology that is employed and its usefulness. In the second part of the paper, I make the case for a specific epistemic environmentalist proposal. I argue that dishonest testimony by experts and certain institutional testifiers should be liable to the (...)
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  25.  46
    Science Sublime: The Philosophy of the Sublime, Dewey's Aesthetics, and Science Education.Shane Cavanaugh - 2014 - Education and Culture 30 (1):57-77.
    Due to the historic separation of cognition and emotion, the affective aspects of learning are often seen as trivial in comparison to the more ‘essential’ cognitive qualities—particularly in science. We are taught that science should objectively scrutinize the world in search of answers, and science educators have been taught to look to scientists to guide their teaching of content and processes.2 As a result, science pedagogy characteristically instructs students to step back from objects and events in order to dispassionately observe (...)
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  26. Out of our heads: Addiction and psychiatric externalism.Shane Glackin, Tom Roberts & Joel Krueger - 2021 - Behavioral Brain Research 398:1-8.
    In addiction, apparently causally significant phenomena occur at a huge number of levels; addiction is affected by biomedical, neurological, pharmacological, clinical, social, and politico-legal factors, among many others. In such a complex, multifaceted field of inquiry, it seems very unlikely that all the many layers of explanation will prove amenable to any simple or straightforward, reductive analysis; if we are to unify the many different sciences of addiction while respecting their causal autonomy, then, what we are likely to need is (...)
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  27.  23
    Interpreting excess: Jean-Luc Marion, saturated phenomena, and hermeneutics.Shane Mackinlay - 2010 - New York: Fordham University Press.
    Introduction -- Marion's claims -- The hermeneutic structure of phenomenality -- The theory of saturated phenomena -- Events -- Dazzling idols and paintings -- Flesh as absolute -- The face as irregardable icon -- Revelation : the phenomenon of God's appearing -- Conclusion: Revising the phenomenology of givenness.
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  28. Defending Lewis’s Local Miracle Compatibilism.Shane Oakley - 2006 - Philosophical Studies 130 (2):337-349.
    Helen Beebee has recently argued that David Lewis’s account of compatibilism, so-called local miracle compatibilism, allows for the possibility that agents in deterministic worlds have the ability to break or cause the breaking of a law of nature. Because Lewis’s LMC allows for this consequence, Beebee claims that LMC is untenable and subsequently that Lewis’s criticism of van Inwagen’s Consequence Argument for incompatibilism is substantially weakened. I review Beebee’s argument against Lewis’s thesis and argue that Beebee has not refuted LMC (...)
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  29.  23
    Negative Mythology.Shane Chalmers - 2020 - Law and Critique 31 (1):59-72.
    Can mythology be a form of critical theory in the service of right? From the standpoint of an Enlightenment tradition, the answer is no. Mythology is characterised by irrationality, and works to mystify reality, whilst critical theory is set against the irrational, its entire force directed at demystifying reality. In a post-Enlightenment tradition, reason, including critical reason, may take mythological form—indeed, there is identity as much as non-identity between the two forms, a mimetic relationship in which the rational cannot be (...)
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  30.  56
    Self‐induced memory distortions and the allocation of processing resources at encoding and retrieval.Matthew Shane & Jordan Peterson - 2004 - Cognition and Emotion 18 (4):533-558.
  31. D'Alembert traducteur.Shane Agin - 2023 - In Jean-Pierre Schandeler, D'Alembert: itinéraires d'un savant du siècle. Paris: Classiques Garnier.
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  32.  47
    The Development of Diderot's "Salons" and the Shifting Boundary of Representational Language.Shane Agin - 2007 - Diderot Studies 30:11 - 29.
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  33.  78
    Anxiety and working memory capacity.Shane Darke - 1988 - Cognition and Emotion 2 (2):145-154.
  34.  37
    State boredom results in optimistic perception of risk and increased risk-taking.Shane W. Bench, Jac’lyn Bera & Jaylee Cox - 2021 - Cognition and Emotion 35 (4):649-663.
    Boredom is a frequently experienced and unpleasant state (Bench & Lench, 2019; Danckert et al., 2018; Eastwood et al., 2012) that people are experiencing more frequently (Weybright et al., 2020). W...
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  35. A Defense of Ectogenic Abortion.Shane Ward - manuscript
    A popular argument for a right to ectogenic abortions appeals to a right to avoid the obligations associated with parenthood. A common objection to this argument questions whether there are any sufficiently great harms associated with parenthood to ground such a right. I propose a novel formulation of this argument that avoids these objections. I then defend it against important objections.
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  36.  19
    Hobbesian Applied Ethics and Public Policy.Shane D. Courtland (ed.) - 2017 - New York: Routledge.
    Most philosophers and political scientists readily admit that Thomas Hobbes is a significant figure in the history of political thought. His theory was, arguably, one of the first to provide a justification for political legitimacy from the perspective of each individual subject. What has been largely missing in the literature, however, is the application of Hobbesian theory to a variety of current issues in both public policy and applied ethics. The essays in this volume, written by some of the top (...)
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  37.  48
    Animating the Inanimate—A Deconstructive-Phenomenological Account of Animism.Thomas H. Bretz - 2020 - Environmental Philosophy 17 (2):221-251.
    This paper investigates the plausibility of one aspect of animism, namely the experience of other-than-human beings as exhibiting a kind of inaccessible interiority. I do so by developing a parallel between Husserl’s account of our experience of other conscious beings and our experience of non-conscious as well as so-called inanimate beings. I establish this parallel based on Derrida’s insistence on the irreducibility of context. This allows me to show how the structure of presence qua absence characteristic of our experience of (...)
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  38.  28
    Understanding and Resolving Failures in Human-Robot Interaction: Literature Review and Model Development.Shanee Honig & Tal Oron-Gilad - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9:351644.
    While substantial effort has been invested in making robots more reliable, experience demonstrates that robots operating in unstructured environments are often challenged by frequent failures. Despite this, robots have not yet reached a level of design that allows effective management of faulty or unexpected behavior by untrained users. To understand why this may be the case, an in-depth literature review was done to explore when people perceive and resolve robot failures, how robots communicate failure, how failures influence people's perceptions and (...)
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  39. What is Working, What is Not, and What We Need to Know: a Meta-Analytic Review of Business Ethics Instruction.Shane Connelly, Michael D. Mumford, Logan M. Steele, Tyler J. Mulhearn, Logan L. Watts & Kelsey E. Medeiros - 2017 - Journal of Academic Ethics 15 (3):245-275.
    Requirements for business ethics education and organizational ethics trainings mark an important step in encouraging ethical behavior among business students and professionals. However, the lack of specificity in these guidelines as to how, what, and where business ethics should be taught has led to stark differences in approaches and content. The present effort uses meta-analytic procedures to examine the effectiveness of current approaches across organizational ethics trainings and business school courses. to provide practical suggestions for business ethics interventions and research. (...)
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  40.  80
    Who Is a Wise Person? Zhuangzi and Epistemological Discussions of Wisdom.Shane Ryan & Karyn Lai - 2021 - Philosophy East and West 71 (3):665-682.
    This essay articulates the contribution that the Zhuangzi can make to contemporary epistemological discussions of wisdom. It suggests that wisdom in the Zhuangzi involves, in part, correctly distinguishing the "heavenly" (or the naturally given) from human artifice. It is important for humanity to understand naturally given conditions (e.g., seasons, climate, forces, mortality) to grasp what is within, and what beyond, our initiatives. To enable this, we need to be openly engaged with the world, rather than approach it with rigid convictions (...)
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  41. Grounded Disease: Constructing the Social from the Biological in Medicine.Shane N. Glackin - 2019 - Philosophical Quarterly 69 (275):258-276.
    Social Constructivism about the disease concept has generally been taken to ignore the fundamental biological reality underlying diseases, as well as to fall foul of several apparently compelling objections. In this paper, I explain how the metaphysical relation of grounding can be used to tie a socially constructed account of diseases and their classification to their underlying biological and behavioural states. I then generalize the position by disambiguating several varieties of normativism, including a particularly strong ‘placeholder’ version of social constructivism, (...)
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  42. Questioning Technology's Role in Environmental Ethics: Weak Anthropocentrism Revisited.Shane Epting - 2010 - Interdisciplinary Environmental Review 11 (1):18-26.
    Environmental ethics has mostly been practiced separately from philosophy of technology, with few exceptions. However, forward thinking suggests that environmental ethics must become more interdisciplinary when we consider that almost everything affects the environment. Most notably,technology has had a huge impact on the natural realm. In the following discussion, the notions of synthesising philosophy of technology and environmental ethics are explored with a focus on research, development, and policy.
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  43.  94
    Individualism and the medical: What about somatic externalism?Shane N. Glackin - 2017 - Analysis 77 (2):287-293.
    If mental illnesses are externally constituted, then so are somatic illnesses. Will Davies makes a persuasive case for externalism in psychiatry; as I show here, parallel examples exist in somatic medicine.
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  44.  11
    Trashed Future: Waste Objects and Identity Politics in Margaret Atwood's Oryx and Crake and The Year of the Flood.Shane Dennis Radke - 2019 - International Journal of Žižek Studies 13 (3).
    This essay analyzes the eco-religious “God’s Gardeners” group as they appear in Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake and The Year of the Flood as a possible model of capitalist “non-existence,” exploring the alternative potentials at which they arrive in relation to waste throughout the text. The Gardeners present an affective mode of consumer non-participation as a possible first step toward a reflexive awareness of the role trash plays in our subjective experiences of the world. Through a process of symbolic embodiment, (...)
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  45.  31
    Archilochus 222W and 39W: Allusion and Reception, Hesiod and Catullus.Shane Hawkins - 2019 - Philologus: Zeitschrift für Antike Literatur Und Ihre Rezeption 163 (1):16-46.
    This article is a contribution to our understanding of how Archilochean poetics may be situated in the longer poetic tradition. In examining two fragments that have received little attention, I hope to illustrate how Archilochus’ poetry both engaged with its predecessors and was in turn engaged by its successors. Fragment 222W employs a theme that was perhaps already conventional for Hesiod, in which the incompatibility of the sexes is implicated in the cycle of seasons, an idea that also seems relevant (...)
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  46.  16
    How to Cultivate a Good Character—Pragmatically: Dewey and Franklin on the Virtues.Shane J. Ralston - 2023 - Education and Culture 38 (2):66-90.
    Abstract:Philosophical pragmatists rarely receive credit for their contribution to virtue ethics. But perhaps they should. How did America’s philosopher of democracy, John Dewey, and one of its most famous elder statesmen, Benjamin Franklin, advise troubled souls in search of moral improvement? According to James Campbell, Dewey and Franklin recommended the cultivation of inquiry-specific virtues, specifically imagination and fallibilism, thereby transforming the moral agent into a more effective ethical problem solver. For Gregory Pappas, open-mindedness and courage resemble Deweyan virtues, since both (...)
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  47. Automated Vehicles and Transportation Justice.Shane Epting - 2019 - Philosophy and Technology 32 (3):389-403.
    Despite numerous ethical examinations of automated vehicles, philosophers have neglected to address how these technologies will affect vulnerable people. To account for this lacuna, researchers must analyze how driverless cars could hinder or help social justice. In addition to thinking through these aspects, scholars must also pay attention to the extensive moral dimensions of automated vehicles, including how they will affect the public, nonhumans, future generations, and culturally significant artifacts. If planners and engineers undertake this task, then they will have (...)
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  48.  90
    An attempt at a general solution to the problem of deviant causal chains.Shane Ward - 2024 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 108 (2):374-395.
    Deviant causal chain problems arise in many settings. The most famous instance of the problem is the Gettier problem, but the problem also arises in the philosophy of action and perception. Usually, attempts to tackle these problems try to solve them individually. This paper takes a different approach: I propose a general solution to the problem. I begin by providing a solution to the deviant causal chain problem for skillful performance, and I argue that the solution can be extended to (...)
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  49. The Infectious Disease Ontology in the Age of COVID-19.Shane Babcock, Lindsay G. Cowell, John Beverley & Barry Smith - 2021 - Journal of Biomedical Semantics 12 (13).
    The Infectious Disease Ontology (IDO) is a suite of interoperable ontology modules that aims to provide coverage of all aspects of the infectious disease domain, including biomedical research, clinical care, and public health. IDO Core is designed to be a disease and pathogen neutral ontology, covering just those types of entities and relations that are relevant to infectious diseases generally. IDO Core is then extended by a collection of ontology modules focusing on specific diseases and pathogens. In this paper we (...)
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  50.  23
    Kant's conception of pedagogy.Shane Moran - 2015 - South African Journal of Philosophy 34 (1):29-37.
    Confronted with the thoroughgoing marketisation of education, scholars have revisited the nature of pedagogy. The work of Immanuel Kant is a resource for critiquing the channelling of the transformation of self and society into rapacious consumerism. Kant's exploration of the connection between inner freedom and political freedom has been recast as pedagogy of the oppressed. Countering the dismissal of the Enlightenment as an accomplice of colonialism and imperialism, Kantian pedagogy is enlisted in the struggle against the forces undermining the very (...)
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