An exploration of the central role of indirect modes of expression in ancient China.

Toplumsal sözleşme teorisi, bir toplumdaki sosyal ve siyasi etkileşimleri yöneten ilkeleri anlamayı amaçlayan kapsamlı bir akademik araştırmaların konusu olmuştur. Bu bağlamda, Antik Yunanda Sofistler, bireysel davranışlara ve toplumsal uyuma rehberlik eden ilkeleri tanımlayan bir toplumsal sözleşme çerçevesi geliştirmede önemli rol oynamışlardır. Protagoras, Gorgias, Prodikos, Antiphon, Hippias ve Isokrates gibi ünlü Sofistlerin toplumsal yaşama ve toplum sözleşmesine farklı noktalardan katkılarını inceleyen bu çalışma, Antik Yunan'da, Sofistlerin toplumsal sözleşmesinin derinlemesine bir analizini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, Sofistler tarafından ortaya atılan ve ahlaki değerlerin öznel (...) olduğunu, bireyler ve kültürler arasında farklılık gösterdiğini öne süren ahlaki görecelilik kavramı incelenecektir. Protagoras'ın öğretilerini araştırarak ve ünlü “İnsan her şeyin ölçüsüdür” ifadesi incelenerek; ahlaki göreceliliğin toplum sözleşmesi çerçevesindeki sonuçları analiz edilecektir. (shrink)

Cette monographie, soigneusement reliée et bien présentée, interpelle dès l’abord par le libellé de son titre : si l’A. peut affirmer qu’il n’existe aucune monographie récente qui traite de manière combinée de l’art grec et de la religion (p. 1), c’est peut-être bien que les deux termes choisis ne sont pas les plus évidents à utiliser. Le lecteur s’attend dès lors à une analyse réflexive de ces deux notions et de leur combinaison. Mais en guise de définition de « religion (...) », on n’aura à se me... (shrink)

US conservatives have repeatedly turned to classical Greece for inspiration and rhetorical power. In the 1950s they used Plato to defend moral absolutism; in the 1960s it was Aristotle as a means to develop a uniquely conservative social science; and then Thucydides helped to justify a more assertive foreign policy in the 1990s. By tracing this phenomenon and analysing these, and various other, examples of selectivity, subversion and adaptation within their broader social and political contexts, John Bloxham here employs (...) classical thought as a prism through which to explore competing strands in American conservatism. From the early years of the Cold War to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Bloxham illuminates the depth of conservatives' engagement with Greece, the singular flexibility of Greek ideas and the varied and diverse ways that Greek thought has reinforced and invigorated conservatism. This innovative work of reception studies offers a richer understanding of the American Right and is important reading for classicists, modern US historians and political scientists alike. (shrink)

Classical Greece is famous for its athletic art, particularly the image of the nude male athlete. But how did the Greeks understand athletic beauty? Plato, Aristotle, Xenophon, and others discuss athletes’ beauty, while the educational ideal of kalokagathia conceptually connects athletic beauty with the good. More questions need to be answered, however, if we are to understand ancient athletic beauty. We need to ask ourselves what the Greeks appreciated when they looked at athletic bodies. What did those qualities mean (...) to them? In what way was it erotic? How did it differ for females and males? In this paper I argue that the beautiful athletic body is framed in ancient Greek thought, not just as an aesthetically pleasing image, but as an ideal expression of a certain kind of soul. (shrink)

One of the stated aims of the “2008 Policy Plan on Asylum” by the European Commission is increased ‘responsibility sharing’ between Member States with respect to asylum seekers. Luc Bovens and Günperi Sisman assess the extent to which UNHCR outcome data reflect these aims between 2006 and 2011 – from the end of the first phase of the Common European Asylum System until the latest available data. They find that Greece, Portugal and Spain take on very low responsibility for (...) asylum seekers per capita and per unit of GDP. Eastern European states do poorly per capita, but do much better per unit of GDP. There is also an overall trend towards greater responsibility sharing for acceptances and stocks per unit of GDP. (shrink)