Results for 'Fehr Fehr'

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  1. What is in it for me? The benefits of diversity in scientific communities.Carla Fehr - 2011 - In Heidi Grasswick (ed.), Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science: Power in Knowledge. Springer. pp. 133-154.
    I investigate the reciprocal relationship between social accounts of knowledge production and efforts to increase the representation of women and some minorities in the academy. In particular, I consider the extent to which feminist social epistemologies such as Helen Longino’s critical contextual empiricism can be employed to argue that it is in researchers’ epistemic interests to take active steps to increase gender diversity. As it stands, critical contextual empiricism does not provide enough resources to succeed at this task. However, considering (...)
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  2. Strong reciprocity, human cooperation, and the enforcement of social norms.Ernst Fehr, Urs Fischbacher & Simon Gächter - 2002 - Human Nature 13 (1):1-25.
    This paper provides strong evidence challenging the self-interest assumption that dominates the behavioral sciences and much evolutionary thinking. The evidence indicates that many people have a tendency to voluntarily cooperate, if treated fairly, and to punish noncooperators. We call this behavioral propensity “strong reciprocity” and show empirically that it can lead to almost universal cooperation in circumstances in which purely self-interested behavior would cause a complete breakdown of cooperation. In addition, we show that people are willing to punish those who (...)
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  3. Feminist Engagement with Evolutionary Psychology.Carla Fehr - 2012 - Hypatia 27 (1):50-72.
    In this paper, I ask feminist philosophers and science studies scholars to consider the goals of developing critical analyses of evolutionary psychology. These goals can include development of scholarship in feminist philosophy and science studies, mediation of the uptake of evolutionary psychology by other academic and lay communities, and improvement of the practices and products of evolutionary psychology itself. I evaluate ways that some practices of feminist philosophy and science studies facilitate or hinder meeting these goals, and consider the merits (...)
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  4. Gender, Financial Risk, and Probability Weights.Helga Fehr-Duda, Manuele de Gennaro & Renate Schubert - 2006 - Theory and Decision 60 (2-3):283-313.
    Women are commonly stereotyped as more risk averse than men in financial decision making. In this paper we examine whether this stereotype reflects gender differences in actual risk-taking behavior by means of a laboratory experiment with monetary incentives. Gender differences in risk taking may be due to differences in valuations of outcomes or in probability weights. The results of our experiment indicate that value functions do not differ significantly between men and women. Men and women differ in their probability weighting (...)
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  5. Feminism and Science: Mechanism Without Reductionism.Carla Fehr - unknown
    During the scientific revolution reductionism and mechanism were introduced together. These concepts remained intertwined through much of the ensuing history of philosophy and science, resulting in the privileging of approaches to research that focus on the smallest bits of nature. This combination of concepts has been the object of intense feminist criticism, as it encourages biological determinism, narrows researchers’ choices of problems and methods, and allows researchers to ignore the contextual features of the phenomena they investigate. I argue that the (...)
     
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  6.  13
    Gender, Financial Risk, and Probability Weights.Helga Fehr-Duda, Manuele Gennaro & Renate Schubert - 2006 - Theory and Decision 60 (2-3):283-313.
    Women are commonly stereotyped as more risk averse than men in financial decision making. In this paper we examine whether this stereotype reflects gender differences in actual risk-taking behavior by means of a laboratory experiment with monetary incentives. Gender differences in risk taking may be due to differences in valuations of outcomes or in probability weights. The results of our experiment indicate that value functions do not differ significantly between men and women. Men and women differ in their probability weighting (...)
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  7.  50
    Culture, exploitation, and epistemic approaches to diversity.Carla Fehr & Janet Minji Jones - 2022 - Synthese 200 (6):1-25.
    A lack of diversity remains a significant problem in many STEM communities. According to the epistemic approach to addressing these diversity problems, it is in a community’s interest to improve diversity because doing so can enhance the rigor and creativity of its work. However, we draw on empirical and theoretical evidence illustrating that this approach can trade on the epistemic exploitation of diverse community members. Our concept of epistemic exploitation holds when there is a relationship between two parties in which (...)
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  8. Sex and explanatory pluralism: Is it a case of causal mechanism versus unifying theories of explanation?Carla Fehr - unknown
    There is more than one explanation for the evolution of sexual reproduction. This paper investigates the possibility that this pluralism exists because these different explanations rely on intuitions provided by different philosophical theories of explanation, namely unifying views and causal mechanical views. I conclude that this is not the case.
     
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  9. The evolution of sex: Domains and explanatory pluralism.Carla Fehr - 2001 - Biology and Philosophy 16 (2):145-170.
    The evolution of sexual reproduction is a striking case of explanatory pluralism, meaning that one needs to refer to more than one explanation in order to adequately account for it. I develop the concept a domain of phenomena in order to analysis this pluralism. Pluralism exists when a phenomenon can be included in more that one homogeneous domain or in a heterogeneous domain. I argue that in some cases domain partitioning can be used to decrease pluralism, but that in the (...)
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  10. Explanations of the evolution of sex: A plurality of local mechanisms.Carla Fehr - 2006 - In Stephen H. Kellert, Helen E. Longino & C. Kenneth Waters (eds.), Scientific Pluralism, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science (Vol 19). University of Minnesota Press. pp. 167-189.
    The evolutionary maintenance of sexual reproduction is a case of explanatory pluralism of central importance to evolutionary biology. I analyze this pluralism from an epistemological perspective. My thesis is that the various explanations of sex are explanatory by virtue of local factors and hence are importantly distinct from one another and cannot be subsumed under a single unifying framework. A critic may argue that philosophical accounts of mechanism can provide just such a framework. I show that this attempt at unification (...)
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  11.  28
    Why some are more equal: Family firm heterogeneity and the effect on management’s attention to CSR.Kerstin Fehre & Florian Weber - 2019 - Business Ethics: A European Review 28 (3):321-334.
    Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.
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  12.  24
    Prototypicality of emotions: A reaction time study.Beverley Fehr, James A. Russell & Lawrence M. Ward - 1982 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 20 (5):253-254.
  13.  45
    Feminist Philosophy of Biology.Carla Fehr & Letitia Meynell - 2024 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Feminist philosophers of biology bring the tools of feminist theory, and in particular the tools of feminist philosophy of science, to investigations of the life sciences. While the critical examination of the categories of sex and gender (which will be explained below) takes a central place, the methods, ontological assumptions, and foundational concepts of biology more generally have also enjoyed considerable feminist scrutiny. Through such investigations, feminist philosophers of biology reveal the extent to which the theory and practice of particular (...)
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  14.  5
    A study of the number concept of secondary school mathematics.Howard Franklin Fehr - 1940 - [New York]: Teachers college, Columbia university.
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  15. Die Ausstrahlungen des Naturrechts der Aufklaerung in die neue und neueste Zeit.Hans Fehr - 1938 - Bern-Leipzig,: Verl. Paul Haupt.
     
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  16.  48
    Is State Sovereignty Doomed?Joseph Conrad Fehr - 1941 - Thought: Fordham University Quarterly 16 (3):493-504.
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  17.  9
    Legatum Stolpianum: history and archives of the Leiden prize competitions in natural theology and moral philosophy, 1754-2004.James Jakob Fehr & A. Th Bouwman (eds.) - 2004 - Leiden: Leiden University Library.
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  18.  10
    Die Verwissenschaftlichung des >Herzens=Glaubens< in Königsberg. Franz Albert Schultz als Pietist und Aufklärer.James Jakob Fehr - 2005 - In Udo Sträter (ed.), Interdisziplinäre Pietismusforschungen: Beiträge Zum Ersten Internationalen Kongress Für Pietismusforschung 2001. De Gruyter. pp. 223-234.
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  19.  19
    Mind and body: An apparent perceptual error.Fred S. Fehr - 1991 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 12 (3):393-405.
    A process model of concept development is proposed as a means of understanding the mind body problem. This paper reviews some definitions and views of mind, reiterates Karl Popper's description of the development of scientific as compared to essentialist methods of concept definition, compares the development of physical and psychological concepts, notes an apparent illogic of the mind and body issue, and discusses a range of psychological theories in relation to this process model, that is, Skinner's behavior view, to Pribram's (...)
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  20. Socially relevant philosophy of science: An introduction.Kathryn S. Plaisance & Carla Fehr - 2010 - Synthese 177 (3):301-316.
    This paper provides an argument for a more socially relevant philosophy of science (SRPOS). Our aims in this paper are to characterize this body of work in philosophy of science, to argue for its importance, and to demonstrate that there are significant opportunities for philosophy of science to engage with and support this type of research. The impetus of this project was a keen sense of missed opportunities for philosophy of science to have a broader social impact. We illustrate various (...)
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  21. (1 other version)Die Offenbarung als" Wort Gottes" bei Karl Barth und Thomas von Aquin.Jakob Fehr - 1937 - Divus Thomas 15:55-64.
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  22.  98
    The social structure of cooperation and punishment.Herbert Gintis & Ernst Fehr - 2012 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 35 (1):28-29.
    The standard theories of cooperation in humans, which depend on repeated interaction and reputation effects among self-regarding agents, are inadequate. Strong reciprocity, a predisposition to participate in costly cooperation and the punishment, fosters cooperation where self-regarding behaviors fail. The effectiveness of socially coordinated punishment depends on individual motivations to participate, which are based on strong reciprocity motives. The relative infrequency of high-cost punishment is a result of the ubiquity of strong reciprocity, not its absence.
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  23. John Dewey-The Accidental Feminist: A Review of Charlene Seigfried's Feminist Interpretations of John Dewey. [REVIEW]M. C. Fehr - 2004 - Journal of Thought 39 (3):135-142.
     
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  24. Manfred Kuehn: Kant. A Biography. [REVIEW]James Fehr - 2003 - Kant Studien 94 (3):395-399.
     
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  25.  49
    Feminism, Social Justice, and Artificial Intelligence.Carla Fehr - 2022 - Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 8 (3).
    Introduction to the special issue by editor Carla Fehr.
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  26.  38
    Thomas Aquinas on Malice: Three Interpretive Errors.René Ardell Fehr - 2023 - Res Philosophica 100 (2):251-272.
    This article addresses three interpretive errors that are common with respect to Thomas Aquinas’s understanding of malice. The first error concerns the interpretation of malice as consisting in the preference or choice of a lesser good over a greater good. I argue that malice instead consists in a disorder of the will, and where that disorder results in the choice of a spiritual evil. The second error occurs when one charges Thomas with inconsistency: it is claimed that Thomas’s view of (...)
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  27.  51
    Making Philosophy of Science More Socially Relevant Vol. 177.Kathryn S. Plaisance & Carla Fehr (eds.) - 2010 - Springer.
    This special issue advances arguments for an examples of socially relevant and socially engaged philosophy of science. -/- The introduction (Fehr & Plaisance) provides an argument for a more socially relevant philosophy of science (SRPOS). Their aims are to characterize this body of work in philosophy of science, to argue for its importance, and to demonstrate that there are significant opportunities for philosophy of science to engage with and support this type of research. The impetus of this project was (...)
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  28. (1 other version)Pluralism and sex: More than a pragmatic issue.Carla Fehr - 2001 - Proceedings of the Philosophy of Science Association 2001 (3):S237-.
    The evolution of sexual reproduction is a case of explanatory pluralism, meaning that there is more than one explanation for this phenomenon. I use the concept of a domain to more clearly explicate the various explananda that can be found in this case. I argue that although pluralism with respect to some types of domains can be decreased using van Fraassen’s pragmatics of explanation, there remains an important class of domain, an orthogonal domain, for which this is not the case.
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  29.  27
    Would I Really Make a Difference? Moral Typecasting Theory and its Implications for Helping Ethical Leaders.Kai Chi Yam, Ryan Fehr, Tyler C. Burch, Yajun Zhang & Kurt Gray - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 160 (3):675-692.
    Ethical leadership research has primarily relied on social learning and social exchange theories. Although these theories have been generative, additional theoretical perspectives hold the potential to broaden scholars’ understanding of ethical leadership’s effects. In this paper, we examine moral typecasting theory and its unique implications for followers’ leader-directed citizenship behavior. Across two studies employing both survey-based and experimental methods, we offer support for three key predictions consistent with this theory. First, the effect of ethical leadership on leader-directed citizenship behavior is (...)
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  30.  55
    “… The art of shaping a democratic reality and being directed by it …”—philososophy of science in turbulent times.Johannes Fehr - 2012 - Studies in East European Thought 64 (1-2):81-89.
    This article has three objectives: First, it revises the history of the reception of Ludwik Fleck’s monograph Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache (1935, Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact). Contrary to the established picture, Fleck’s book was largely discussed in the years before the outbreak of World War II. What becomes clear when reading these early reviews and especially Fleck’s comments to those written by representatives of Nazi Germany is, second, the political dimension of his epistemology. In this (...)
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  31.  24
    Electrical detection of electron spin resonance in microcrystalline silicon pin solar cells.J. Behrends, A. Schnegg, M. Fehr, A. Lambertz, S. Haas, F. Finger, B. Rech & K. Lips - 2009 - Philosophical Magazine 89 (28-30):2655-2676.
  32. Explaining altruistic behaviour in humans.Herb Gintis, Samuel Bowles, Robert Boyd & Fehr & Ernst - 2009 - In Robin Dunbar & Louise Barrett (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology. Oxford University Press.
     
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  33.  49
    Values, practices, and metaphysical assumptions in the biological sciences.Sara Weaver & Carla Fehr - 2017 - In Ann Garry, Serene J. Khader & Alison Stone (eds.), Routledge Companion to Feminist Philosophy. London: Routledge. pp. 314-328.
    The biological sciences provide ample opportunity and motivation for feminist interventions. These sciences are seen by many as an authority on human nature and are highly relevant to many issues of social justice and public policy. Feminist philosophy of biology focuses on the ethical and epistemic adequacy and responsibility of biological claims. This work is critical in the sense of identifying epistemically and ethically irresponsible knowledge claims, research practices, and dissemination of biological research regarding sex/gender, including ways that sex/gender interacts (...)
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  34.  25
    Doing Things with Case Studies.Carla Fehr - 2021 - In Heidi Elizabeth Grasswick & Nancy Arden McHugh (eds.), Making the Case: Feminist and Critical Race Philosophers Engage Case Studies. Albany: SUNY Press. pp. 151-176.
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  35.  30
    Altruists with Green Beards.Ernst Fehr & Urs Fischbacher - 2005 - Analyse & Kritik 27 (1):73-84.
    If cooperative dispositions are associated with unique phenotypic features (’green beards’), cooperative individuals can be identified. Therefore, cooperative individuals can avoid exploitation by defectors by cooperating exclusively with other cooperative individuals; consequently, cooperators flourish and defectors die out. Experimental evidence suggests that subjects, who are given the opportunity to make promises in face-to-face interactions, are indeed able to predict the partner’s behavior better than chance in a subsequent Prisoners’ Dilemma. This evidence has been interpreted as evidence in favor of green (...)
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  36. Immanuel Kant: Critique of Pure Reason. [REVIEW]James Fehr - 2001 - Kant Studien 92 (1):106-109.
  37.  20
    Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, and The Third Man Argument.René Ardell Fehr - 2021 - New Blackfriars 102 (1100):517-533.
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  38.  11
    Bjørn Qviller in Memorian.Drude von der Fehr, Bjørn Thommessen, Eli Moen & Tore Jørgen Hanisch - 2004 - Agora Journal for metafysisk spekulasjon 22 (4):196-208.
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  39.  52
    Democratic Leadership in Peace and War.Joseph Conrad Fehr - 1942 - Thought: Fordham University Quarterly 17 (1):37-48.
  40.  16
    Negative Emotional Stimuli Enhance Conflict Resolution Without Altering Arousal.Daniel J. Fehring, Ranshikha Samandra, Marcello G. Rosa & Farshad A. Mansouri - 2019 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13.
  41.  52
    Quantum Cryptography.Serge Fehr - 2010 - Foundations of Physics 40 (5):494-531.
    Quantum cryptography makes use of the quantum-mechanical behavior of nature for the design and analysis of cryptographic schemes. Optimally (but not always), quantum cryptography allows for the design of cryptographic schemes whose security is guaranteed solely by the laws of nature. This is in sharp contrast to standard cryptographic schemes, which can be broken in principle, i.e., when given sufficient computing power. From a theory point of view, quantum cryptography offers a beautiful interplay between the mathematics of adversarial behavior and (...)
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  42.  5
    Recht und wirklichkeit: einblick in werden und vergehen der rechtsformen.Hans Adolf Fehr - 1927 - Zürich,: Orell Füssli.
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  43.  20
    The Catholic Physician and Natural Family Planning.Richard J. Fehring - 2009 - The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 9 (2):305-323.
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  44. Vorlesungsverzeichnisse der Universität Königsberg. [REVIEW]James Fehr - 2002 - Kant Studien 93 (4):539-540.
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  45. “Economic man” in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies.Joseph Henrich, Robert Boyd, Samuel Bowles, Colin Camerer, Ernst Fehr, Herbert Gintis, Richard McElreath, Michael Alvard, Abigail Barr, Jean Ensminger, Natalie Smith Henrich, Kim Hill, Francisco Gil-White, Michael Gurven, Frank W. Marlowe & John Q. Patton - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (6):795-815.
    Researchers from across the social sciences have found consistent deviations from the predictions of the canonical model of self-interest in hundreds of experiments from around the world. This research, however, cannot determine whether the uniformity results from universal patterns of human behavior or from the limited cultural variation available among the university students used in virtually all prior experimental work. To address this, we undertook a cross-cultural study of behavior in ultimatum, public goods, and dictator games in a range of (...)
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  46.  26
    From a Semiotic to a Neo-pragmatic Understanding of Metaphor.Drude von der Fehr - 1996 - Danish Yearbook of Philosophy 31 (1):39-48.
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  47.  8
    Essays in the Theory of Employment. [REVIEW]Walter Fehr - 1937 - Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung 6 (3):724-725.
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  48.  23
    Preface to Social Economics. [REVIEW]Walter Fehr - 1937 - Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung 6 (1):230-232.
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  49.  26
    Foundations of Human Sociality - Economic Experiments and Ethnographic: Evidence From Fifteen Small-Scale Societies.Joseph Henrich, Robert Boyd, Samuel Bowles, Colin Camerer, Ernst Fehr & Herbert Gintis (eds.) - 2004 - Oxford University Press UK.
    What motives underlie the ways humans interact socially? Are these the same for all societies? Are these part of our nature, or influenced by our environments?Over the last decade, research in experimental economics has emphatically falsified the textbook representation of Homo economicus. Literally hundreds of experiments suggest that people care not only about their own material payoffs, but also about such things as fairness, equity and reciprocity. However, this research left fundamental questions unanswered: Are such social preferences stable components of (...)
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  50. Lateral prefrontal cortex and self-control in intertemporal choice.Bernd Figner, Daria Knoch, Eric Johnson, Amy Krosch, Sarah Lisanby, Ernst Fehr & Elke Weber - 2010 - Nature Neuroscience 13 (5):538.
     
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