Sebastian Rödl undermines a foundational dogma of contemporary philosophy: that knowledge, in order to be objective, must be knowledge of something that is as it is, independent of being known to be so. This profound work revives the thought that knowledge, precisely on account of being objective, is self-knowledge: knowledge knowing itself.

1. Starověk a středověk -- 2. Novověk.

Organized around common rhetorical situations that occur all around us, INVENTING ARGUMENTS, Fourth Edition, shows students that argument is a living process rather than a form to be modeled. The text's prominent focus on invention teaches students to recognize the rhetorical elements of any argumentative situation and apply the tools of argument effectively in their own writing. Students are introduced to the basic layers of argument in early chapters, with material arranged into increasingly sophisticated topics beginning with the most obvious (...) or explicit layers (claims) and moving to more implied or "hidden" layers (values, beliefs, ideology). By the time they finish Chapter 4, your students will have a thorough understanding of argument--which they can then apply to the invention projects in chapters 6-11. (shrink)

Erster Theil. I. Ueber den Geist der wahren Religion ; II. Ueber den Einfluss der Moralität des Philosophen auf den Inhalt seiner Philosophie ; III. Ueber die teutschen Beurtheilungen der französischen Revolution ; IV. Ueber die Duelle auf Universitäten ; V. Ueber den Cölibat der katholischen Geistlichkeit ; VI. Ueber den Zweck meiner öffentlichen Vorlesungen über Wielands Oberon ; VII. Ueber den Begriff der Geschichte der Philosophie ; VIII. Ueber den Einfluss des Geschmackes auf die Kultur der Wissenschaften und der (...) Sitten ; IX. Ueber die bisherigen Begriffe der Vergnügen -- Zweyter Theil. I. Ueber den gegenwärtigen Zustand der Metaphysik und der transcendentalen Philosophie überhaupt ; Einige Bemerkungen über die in der Einleitung zu den metaphysischen Anfangsgründen der Rechtslehre von I. Kant aufgestellten Begriffe von der Freyheit des Willens ; Aphorismen über das äussere Recht überhaupt und insbesondere das Staatsrecht. (shrink)

Formalisms such as description logics (DL) are sometimes expected to help terminologies ensure compliance with sound ontological principles. The objective of this paper is to study the degree to which one DL-based biomedical terminology (SNOMED CT) complies with such principles. We defined seven ontological principles (for example: each class must have at least one parent, each class must differ from its parent) and examined the properties of SNOMED CT classes with respect to these principles. Our major results are: 31% of (...) the classes have a single child; 27% have multiple parents; 51% do not exhibit any differentiae between the description of the parent and that of the child. The applications of this study to quality assurance for ontologies are discussed and suggestions are made for dealing with multiple inheritance. (shrink)

Sebastian Rödl's Self-Consciousness and Objectivity is one of the most original and thought-provoking books in philosophy of mind for the last several years. An ambitious defence of absolute idealism, Rödl rejects the idea that reality is simply something given, and instead advances the position that all reality is accessible to thought because reality is already included in judgment. In this outstanding collection, a roster of international contributors critically examine the significance of Rödl's arguments and take the themes of his book (...) in new directions. The volume concludes with an extensive response by Sebastian Rödl to his critics, making it essential reading for those interested in contemporary debates in analytic philosophy, philosophy of mind and philosophical idealism. (shrink)