Results for 'Alireza Nahri'

201 found
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  1.  86
    Global initiatives to tackle organ trafficking and transplant tourism.Alireza Bagheri & Francis L. Delmonico - 2013 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 16 (4):887-895.
    The increasing gap between organ supply and demand has opened the door for illegal organ sale, trafficking of human organs, tissues and cells, as well as transplant tourism. Currently, underprivileged and vulnerable populations in resource-poor countries are a major source of organs for rich patient-tourists who can afford to purchase organs at home or abroad. This paper presents a summary of international initiatives, such as World Health Organization’s Principle Guidelines, The Declaration of Istanbul, Asian Task Force Recommendations, as well as (...)
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  2. Compensated kidney donation: An ethical review of the iranian model.Alireza Bagheri - 2006 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 16 (3):269-282.
    : Iran has had a program of compensated kidney donation from living unrelated (LUR) donors since 1997. The aim of the program was to address the increasing demand for kidney transplantation in a morally sound manner. The program was successful in terms of increasing the number of kidneys available for transplantation. This paper presents a critical review of the program and its ethical status. Denying organ donors legitimate compensation because of the understandable fear of an organ trade is not morally (...)
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  3.  6
    Global Bioethics: The Impact of the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee.Alireza Bagheri, Jonathan D. Moreno & Stefano Semplici (eds.) - 2015 - Cham: Imprint: Springer.
    The UNESCO International Bioethics Committee is an international body that sets standards in the field of bioethics. This collection represents the contributions of the IBC to global bioethics. The IBC is a body of 36 independent experts that follows progress in the life sciences and its applications in order to ensure respect for human dignity and freedom. Currently, some of the topics of the IBC contributions have been discussed in the bioethics literature, mostly journal articles. However, this is a unique (...)
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  4.  26
    Essays in Islamic Philology, History, and Philosophy.Alireza Korangy, Wheeler M. Thackston, Roy P. Mottahedeh & William Granara (eds.) - 2016 - De Gruyter.
    This work treats in one volume the most important fields in Islamic studies: Persian literature and philology; Islamic history and historiography; Arabic literature and philology; and Islamic philosophy and jurisprudence. The essays are representative of the fields in which one of the most illustrious Arabists and Persianists in the world, Ahmad Mahdavi Damgani, has been an indispensible contributor for close to 65 years.
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  5. Criticism of "brain death" policy in japan.Alireza Bagheri - 2003 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 13 (4):359-372.
    : The 1997 Japanese organ transplantation law is the fruit of a long debate on "brain death" and organ transplantation, which involved the general public and experts in the relevant fields. The aim of this paper is to trace the history of the implementation of the law and to critique the law in terms of its consistency and fairness. The paper argues that the legislation adopts a double standard regarding the role of the family. On the one hand, the legislation (...)
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  6.  72
    Plagiarism in the academic context: A study of Iranian EFL learners.Alireza Ahmadi - 2014 - Research Ethics 10 (3):151-168.
    The present study was an attempt to shed light on the status of plagiarism in the Iranian academic context. It tried to survey the EFL learners’ perceptions of and reasons for different types of plagiarism. To this end, 132 EFL learners from different Iranian universities took part in the study. The data were collected through using a questionnaire specifically designed to gather information on plagiarism. The results indicated that plagiarism is quite common in the Iranian EFL context as different types (...)
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  7.  26
    The rhetorical properties of the schematic structures of newspaper editorials: A comparative study of English and Persian editorials.Alireza Bonyadi - 2010 - Discourse and Communication 4 (4):323-342.
    Drawing on the theory of inter-cultural rhetoric analysis and considering the important role of newspaper editorials in shaping public opinions, this article examines the schematic structures of Persian and English newspaper editorials of criticism. The aim of this comparative study was to explore the discourse conventions employed in the editorials of The New York Times and Tehran Times. While revealing some interesting genre-specific features of schematic structures of the editorials in the two newspapers, the results of the study also indicated (...)
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  8.  11
    Thoughtlessness and decadence in Iran: a sojourn in comparative political theory.Alireza Shomali - 2019 - Albany: State University of New York Press.
    Political decay in Islamic societies has for the most part been the subject of structural analyses while philosophical studies have been rare, often speculative and deterministic. Thoughtlessness and Religious Decadence in Iran: A Sojourn in Comparative Political Theory explores from a theoretical perspective the problem of democracy deficit--or, political decadence--, in contemporary Iran and, by implication, in present-day Middle Eastern societies. This decadence, the book argues, is in part a religion-based decadence, and deliverance from it requires collective thoughtfulness about religion. (...)
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  9.  73
    Still committed to the normativity of folk psychology.Alireza Kazemi - 2021 - Philosophical Explorations 25 (1):58-74.
    In what sense can one claim that intentional explanations are essentially normative, given that people’s actions and thinking are replete with various irrationalities, yet are still pretty well exp...
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  10.  34
    Managing Tensions and Divergent Institutional Logics in Firm–NPO Partnerships.Alireza Ahmadsimab & Imran Chowdhury - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 168 (3):651-670.
    This paper investigates the process through which firms and non-profit organizations reconcile divergent worldviews in the development of firm–NPO partnerships. Drawing on data from two long-lived firm–NPO partnerships, this study suggests that the dynamics of reconciliation in situations of institutional complexity can be better understood by examining how firms and NPOs manage the interplay of both market and social logics in an inter-organizational context. We have found that during the initial stages of collaboration, partners manage differences by engaging in joint (...)
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  11.  23
    The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the moral injury symptoms scale-health care professionals version.Alireza Malakoutikhah, Mohammad Ali Zakeri, Harold G. Koenig & Mahlagha Dehghan - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    BackgroundHealth care professionals face a number of problems during crises, such as the COVID-19. Studies addressed the prevalence of moral injury among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lack of a valid standard of moral injury among health care professionals is one of the factors that has made it difficult to identify and treat this complication. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Care Professionals among health care professionals in Iran.MethodsThis study was conducted (...)
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  12.  65
    Elements of human dignity in healthcare settings: the importance of the patient's perspective.Alireza Bagheri - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (12):729-730.
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  13.  47
    Educational Technology along with the Uncritical Mass versus Ethics.Alireza Sayadmansour & Mehdi Nassaji - 2013 - British Journal of Educational Studies 61 (3):289 - 300.
    This paper considers the ethics of educational technology in terms of whether or not selected media and methods are beneficial to the teacher and student, or whether other motives and criteria determine the selection. Communications media have proven themselves to be powerful and efficient tools, used like ?dynamite? for getting the most out of a ?quarry?, but the vast scope of their applicability and flexibility may notoriously neglect the unprecedented risks to the user of current online methods ? as one (...)
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  14. A sociological approach to the relationship between engineering and society.Alireza Seghatoleslami - forthcoming - Philosophical Investigations.
     
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  15.  11
    Philosophy after Lacan: politics, science and art.Alireza Taheri, Chris Vanderwees & Reza Naderi (eds.) - 2024 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    Philosophy After Lacan: Politics, Science and Art brings together reflections on contemporary philosophy inspired by and in dialogue with Lacanian theory. Rather than focus on the thinkers who came before Lacan, the editors maintain attention on innovations in contemporary philosophy that owe their emergence to complimentary, critical, direct, or tangential engagement with Lacan. This collection makes one of the first concerted efforts to expand discussions between psychoanalysis and more recent philosophical thinkers while gathering chapters by some of the leading philosophical (...)
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  16.  50
    A new method for probabilistic assessments in power systems, combining monte carlo and stochastic-algebraic methods.Alireza Noruzi, Tohid Banki, Oveis Abedinia & Noradin Ghadimi - 2016 - Complexity 21 (2):100-110.
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  17. The Metaphysics of Artifacts: a critical rationalist approach.Alireza Mansouri & Emad Tayebi - 2023 - Journal of Philosophical Investigations 17 (42):151-167.
    Artifacts are ubiquitous and influential in our world, but their nature and existence are controversial. Several theories have been proposed to explain the ontology of artifacts. Drawing on Popper's theory of three worlds, this paper suggests a metaphysics for artifacts along the line of a critical rationalist (CR) approach. This theory distinguishes between three realms of reality: the physical world (World 1), the mental world (World 2), and the world of objective knowledge (World 3). The paper argues that artifacts have (...)
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  18. Philosophical Relationship of Humanities and Technology.Alireza Mansouri & Ali Paya - 2019 - Persian Journal for the Methodology of Social Sciences and Humanities 25 (99):19-23.
    The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the Philosophical relationship between humanities and technology. It will be explained that most disciplines in humanities are Janus-faced: they are part science/knowledge and part technology. The thesis of the paper is that the relationship between the technological aspect of humanities and other technologies is positive and synergetic, while the relationship between their scientific aspect and technologies is almost entirely critical and negative. The argument of the paper is not that (...)
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  19.  16
    Medical futility: a cross-national study.Alireza Bagheri - 2013 - New Jersey: Imperial College Press.
    So-called futile care : the experience of the Unied States -- The reality of medical futility in Brazil -- Medical futility and end-of-lfe issues in Belgium -- The concept of medical futility in Venezuela -- Medical futility in Russian Federation -- Medical futility in Australia -- Medical futility in Japan -- Ethical issues and policy in medical futility in China -- Medical futility in Korea -- Medical futility from Swiss perspective -- Medical futility in Turkey -- Medical futility in the (...)
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  20. Does the history of engineering require the philosophy of engineering?Alireza Seghatoleslami - forthcoming - Philosophical Investigations.
     
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  21. Nihilism and Information Technology.Alireza Mansouri & Ali Paya - 2020 - Persian Journal of Philosophical Theological Research 21 (4):29-54.
    Søren Kierkegaard, in his essay "The Present Age," takes a hostile stance towards the press. This is because he maintains that the press prepares the ground for the emergence of nihilism. Hubert Dreyfus extends this idea to other information technologies, especially the Internet. Since Kierkegaard-Dreyfus’ attitude towards various forms of information technology originates from philosophical anthropology and a particular conception of the meaning of life, assessing the viability of the attitude they hold requires further critical scrutiny. This paper aims to (...)
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  22. Cheating on Exams in the Iranian EFL Context.Alireza Ahmadi - 2012 - Journal of Academic Ethics 10 (2):151-170.
    The present study aimed at investigating the status of cheating on exams in the Iranian EFL context. One hundred thirty two university students were surveyed to this end. They were selected through convenient sampling. The results indicated that cheating is quite common among the Iranian language students. The most important reasons for this behavior were found to be “not being ready for the exam”, “difficulty of the exam”, “lack of time to study” and “careless and lenient instructors”. The study also (...)
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  23.  84
    An Iranian Perspective on Patients' Rights.Soodabeh Joolaee, Alireza Nikbakht-Nasrabadi, Zohreh Parsa-Yekta, Verena Tschudin & Iman Mansouri - 2006 - Nursing Ethics 13 (5):488-502.
    The aim of this phenomenological research study carried out in Iran was to capture the meaning of patients' rights from the lived experiences of patients and their companions. To achieve this, 12 semistructured interviews were conducted during 2005 in a teaching hospital in Tehran with patients and/or their companions. In addition, extensive field notes were compiled during the interviews. The data were analyzed using Benner's thematic analysis. The themes captured were classified into three main categories, with certain themes identified within (...)
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  24.  73
    No Evidence of Systematic Change of Physical Activity Patterns Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic and Related Mood States Among Iranian Adults Attending Team Sports Activities.Alireza Aghababa, Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani, Hadi Rohani, Maghsoud Nabilpour, Georgian Badicu, Zahra Fathirezaie & Serge Brand - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Objective: To cope with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic health authorities released social restrictions. Such social restrictions impacted on the people's possibilities to move deliberately in a public space and to gather with other people. In the present study, we investigated the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on physical activity patterns before and during the confinement among team sports participants. Such PA patterns were further related to current mood states, and possible sex differences were also explored.Methods: A total of 476 adults (...)
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  25. Propositional Attitudes as Commitments: Unleashing Some Constraints.Alireza Kazemi - 2020 - Dialogue 59 (3):437-457.
    ABSTRACTIn a series of articles, Asbjørn Steglich-Petersen and Nick Zangwill argue that, since propositional attitude ascription judgements do not behave like normative judgements in being subject to a priori normative supervenience and the Because Constraint, PAs cannot be constitutively normative.1 I argue that, for a specific version of normativism, according to which PAs are normative commitments, these arguments fail. To this end, I argue that commitments and obligations should be distinguished. Then, I show that the intuitions allegedly governing all normative (...)
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  26.  46
    “It is Not Only About US!”: Investigating EFL Learners’ Perspectives Towards Reasons of Online Exam Cheating.Alireza Maleki - 2024 - Journal of Academic Ethics 22 (4):561-576.
    The evaluation of students in online education poses a notable challenge, primarily due to the potential violation of academic integrity caused by various forms of cheating during online examinations. This study aims to explore the perspectives of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners on the reasons for online exam cheating. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach and included 27 participants from three different educational contexts: universities, institutes, and schools. The qualitative phase of the study involved conducting comprehensive (...)
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  27.  48
    Predictivism and model selection.Alireza Fatollahi - 2023 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 13 (1):1-28.
    There has been a lively debate in the philosophy of science over _predictivism_: the thesis that successfully predicting a given body of data provides stronger evidence for a theory than merely accommodating the same body of data. I argue for a very strong version of the thesis using statistical results on the so-called “model selection” problem. This is the problem of finding the optimal model (family of hypotheses) given a body of data. The key idea that I will borrow from (...)
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  28. Ethics Review of Externally-Sponsored Research in Japan.Alireza Bagheri & Darryl Macer - 2005 - Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics 15 (5):138-140.
    This survey has been designed as a multinationalcollaboration to collect data from several countries focusing ondeveloping countries. The main purpose was to elaborate thefunctions of ethics committees regarding externally-sponsoredresearch . In March 2004 a total of 89 open-endedquestionnaires were sent to ethics review committees inmedical schools, medical research institutes and hospitalsaffiliated to the public and private medical universities inJapan.Twenty two ECs replied , and among them five ECshad reviewed eleven ESR proposals in 2002-3. Five of thoseESR proposals have been approved (...)
     
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  29.  34
    “Boom! You bought them.” : A metalinguistic analysis of Apple infomercials based on Aristotle’s modes of persuasion.Alireza Jalilifar, Soheil Saidian & Said Nazari - 2021 - Pragmatics and Society 12 (4):567-590.
    A review of advertisement studies shows that there has been little attempt to examine infomercials in terms of rhetorical appeals and persuasive strategies. Therefore, this study sought to contribute to the existing literature by exploring the persuasive elements of Apple infomercials through Aristotle’s modes of persuasion to reveal the most frequent persuasive language features and structures and to study how such elements were utilized to promote the products and services of the company. A top-down approach based on Aristotle’s modes of (...)
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  30.  14
    Introduction.Alireza Korangy - 2016 - In Alireza Korangy, Wheeler M. Thackston, Roy P. Mottahedeh & William Granara, Essays in Islamic Philology, History, and Philosophy. De Gruyter.
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  31. Humanities as Technology.Alireza Mansouri & Ali Paya - 2022 - Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies.
  32.  8
    Breaching confidentiality: medical mandatory reporting laws in Iran.Alireza Milanifar, Bagher Larijani, Parvaneh Paykarzadeh, Golanna Ashtari & Mohammad Mehdi Akhondi - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 7 (1).
    Medical ethics is a realm where four important subjects of philosophy, medicine, theology and law are covered. Physicians and philosophers cooperation in this area will have great efficiency in the respective ethical rules formation. In addition to respect the autonomy of the patient, physician's obligation is to ensure that the medical intervention has benefit for the patient and the harm is minimal. There is an obvious conflict between duty of confidentiality and duty of mandatory reporting. Professional confidentiality is one of (...)
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  33.  29
    On the Nature of Medicine: Necessities, Approaches, and Challenges.Alireza Monajemi - 2021 - Journal of Philosophical Investigations 15 (37):153-177.
    After the middle of the twentieth century, symptoms gradually appeared which were collectively called the “crisis of medicine”. This crisis gave philosophy, which had been abstracted from medicine since the mid-nineteenth century, an opportunity to reflect. Medical philosophers attributed the crisis to the inflation of the scientific and technical aspects and, consequently, to the weakening of the human aspects of medicine. Therefore, reflection on the nature of medicine became one of the central issues of philosophy in medicine.In this article, I (...)
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  34. Beautiful-Doing (iḥsān) as the Station of No Station (maqām lā maqām) and the Genesis of the Perfect Human.Alireza Pharaa - 2022 - In Mohammed Rustom, William C. Chittick & Sachiko Murata, Islamic thought and the art of translation: texts and studies in honor of William C. Chittick and Sachiko Murata. Boston: Brill.
     
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  35. Beautiful-Doing (iḥsān) as the Station of No Station (maqām lā maqām) and the Genesis of the Perfect Human (al-insān al-kāmil).Alireza Pharaa - 2022 - In Mohammed Rustom, William C. Chittick & Sachiko Murata, Islamic thought and the art of translation: texts and studies in honor of William C. Chittick and Sachiko Murata. Boston: Brill.
     
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  36.  57
    Medical Futility: Is a Policy Needed?Alireza Bagheri - 2014 - Journal of Clinical Research and Bioethics 5 (5).
  37.  77
    Abortion in Different Islamic Jurisprudence: Case Commentaries.Alireza Bagheri & Leila Afshar - 2011 - Asian Bioethics Review 3 (4):351-355.
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  38. Inconsistency of natural sciences and religious doctrines in ghazzalis view causation and self.Alireza Agdar - 2012 - پژوهشنامه فلسفه دین 1 (2):129-150.
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  39. Review and Study of the Reasons of the "Unity of The Divine Acts" from Fakhr Razi’s Viewpoint.Alireza Farsinezhad - 2013 - پژوهشنامه فلسفه دین 11 (2):29-50.
    Among Ashari scholars, Fakhr Razi explicitly used the term "Unity of The Divine Acts" and tried to prove this issue through several rational and traditional reasons. This article, by studying the different versions of the "Unity of The Divine Acts" from Fakhre Razi’s viewpoint, assessed his rational reasons in four categories - existential reasons; monotheistic reasons; anti conferment reasons; deterministic reasons - and it was concluded that although the "Unity of The Divine Acts" is a quit discursive issue from his (...)
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  40. Plato's Sophist (commentary and Critical Interpretation).Alireza Saati - 2018 - Porsesh.
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  41.  43
    Conservative Treatment of Evidence.Alireza Fatollahi - 2023 - Episteme 20 (3):568-583.
    This paper discusses two conservative ways of treating evidence. (I) Closing inquiry involves discounting evidence bearing on one's belief unless it is particularly strong evidence; (II) biased assimilation involves dedicating more investigative resources to scrutinizing disconfirming evidence (than confirming evidence), thereby increasing the chances of finding reasons to dismiss it. It is natural to worry that these practices lead to irrational biases in favor of one's existing beliefs, and that they make one's epistemic condition significantly path-sensitive by giving a bigger (...)
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  42.  47
    Commitment, Norm-Governedness and Guidance.Alireza Kazemi - 2021 - Acta Analytica 36 (2):213-228.
    A number of philosophers have argued that there is a basic problem in the no-guidance argument against content normativism. The problem is that the argument restricts the essential normativity of intentional states to the formation of these states being guided by certain norms. But it is suggested that the essential norm-governedness of intentional states can be equally plausibly construed as the assessability of these states by norms, which does not imply complying with them. Although I concur with the problem diagnosed (...)
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  43.  38
    Reasoning and commitment.Alireza Kazemi - 2023 - Synthese 202 (3):1-21.
    I argue for a commitment-discharging condition of reasoning, according to which to engage in reasoning is to discharge the theoretical and practical commitments one has undertaken. I highlight the ways in which this condition is distinct from other proposals, particularly the Taking Condition, and argue that it can explain certain intuitions about reasoning that otherwise remain elusive. In particular, I argue that the commitment-discharging condition can provide a unified account of attitude-formation and premise-discharging reasoning as well as practical and theoretical (...)
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  44. (1 other version)Kant’s Moral Theory Meets Evolutionary Theory.Alireza Mansouri - 2024 - Journal of Philosophical Investigation 18 (47):251-264.
    This paper delves into the intersection between Kant’s moral theory and evolutionary perspectives on _personhood_. It explores how Kant’s emphasis on rationality in moral agency aligns with evolutionary studies on the development of moral behaviors. By examining the transcendental implications of Kant’s _Categorical Imperative_ (CI) and the evolutionary origins of moral agency, this study aims to illuminate the link between Kant’s conception of moral agency and personhood. Additionally, it investigates how Kant’s call for CI resonates with evolutionary insights on the (...)
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  45.  37
    Philosophy of education in a new key: Reflection on higher education in Iran.Bakhtiar Shabani Varaki, Alireza Sadeqzadeh Qamsari, Meisam Sefidkhosh, Seyed Mahdi Sajjadi, Reza Mohammadi Chaboki, Tahereh Javidi Kalatehjafarabadi, Hojjat Saffarheidari, Meisam Mohammadamini, Omid Karimzadeh, Ramazan Barkhordari, Saeid Zarghami-Hamrah, Michael A. Peters & Marek Tesar - 2022 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 54 (8):1198-1215.
    This collective article discusses the philosophy of modern higher education in Iran, which in this case, optimistically, its history dates back to the founding of Dār al-fonūn —if we consider Dār al-fonūn as a university. Otherwise, its origin can be traced back to the University of Tehran. Central to this article is the emphasis on the lack of philosophy of higher education in Iran. Therefore, most of the criticisms in front of us are related to the internal inconsistency in the (...)
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  46. Henry Corbin: Iranshahrian Illuminative Thought, The Lost Trace.Alireza Saati - 2018 - Porsesh.
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  47.  24
    Hegelian-Lacanian Variations on Late Modernity: Spectre of Madness.Alireza Taheri - 2020 - New York: Routledge.
    The current rise in new religions and the growing popularity of New Ageism is concomitant with an increasingly anti-philosophical sentiment marking our contemporary situation. More specifically, it is philosophical and psychoanalytic reason that has lost standing faced with the triumph of post-secular "spirituality". Combatting this trend, this treatise develops a theoretical apparatus based on Hegelian speculative reason and Lacanian psychoanalysis. With the aid of this theoretical apparatus, the book argues how certain conceptual pairs appear opposed through an operation of misrecognition (...)
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  48.  29
    Comparison of attitude of nurses and nursing students toward euthanasia.Alireza Khatony, Masoud Fallahi, Mansour Rezaei & Somayeh Mahdavikian - 2022 - Nursing Ethics 29 (1):208-216.
    Background: Euthanasia is a controversial issue in many countries. However, there is little evidence about attitudes of nurses and nursing students toward euthanasia. Research aims: The present study aimed to compare nurses and nursing students' attitudes toward euthanasia. Research design: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Participants and research context: Using census sampling, 390 nurses and 125 nursing students were enrolled in this study. Methods: Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and Euthanasia Attitude Scale that included 20 items that (...)
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  49.  46
    Modest Dualism and Individuation of Mind.Alireza Mazarian - 2021 - Metaphysica 22 (1):63-74.
    A persistent tradition in metaphysics of mind insists that there is a substantial difference between mind and body. Avicenna’s numerous arguments, for a millennium, have encouraged the view that minds are essentially immaterial substances. In the first part, I redesign and offer five versions of such arguments and then I criticize them. First argument (indivisibility) would be vulnerable in terms of two counterexamples. Second argument (universals) confuses existence with location. Third argument (bodily tools) is less problematic than the first two, (...)
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  50.  59
    RETRACTED: How to Raise Quality Assurance in Legal Translation: The Question of Objectivity?Alireza Akbari - 2018 - Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 53 (1):7-29.
    The aim of the present study is to propose an approach to legal translation quality so as to address the idiosyncrasies in legal studies and to confront the challenges and flaws of previous paradigms and models of translation quality assessment. The present approach is associated with the micro-macro textual, contextual, and legal components/variables in the pursuit of an adequate strategy through elaborating the decision making process for translation. The elements of the decision making process remain constant between translation relevancy/brief, and (...)
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