Results for ' types'

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  1. Diabetes, Essential Hypertension and Obesity as―Syndromes of Impaired Genetic Homeostatis: The―Thrifty Genotype‖ Hypothesis Enters the 21st Century.I. I. Type - 1998 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 42 (1):44-74.
  2.  11
    David S. law1.I. Two Types Of Constitution - 2010 - In Peter Cane & Herbert M. Kritzer (eds.), The Oxford handbook of empirical legal research. New York: Oxford University Press.
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  3. Herbert Hochberg.Truth Makers, Truth Predicates & Truth Types - 1991 - In Kevin Mulligan (ed.), Language, Truth and Ontology. Dordrecht, Netherland: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 87--117.
     
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  4.  3
    Maughn Rollins Gregory (USA).Dialogue Type Purpose Standard - 2009 - In Eva Marsal, Takara Dobashi & Barbara Weber (eds.), Children Philosophize Worldwide: Theoretical and Practical Concepts. Frankfurt, Germany: Peter Lang GmbH. pp. 337.
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  5.  36
    (1 other version)Five Types of Ethical Theory.C. D. Broad - 1930 - Mind 39 (155):338-346.
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  6. Types of inter-theoretic reduction.Lawrence Sklar - 1967 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 18 (2):109-124.
  7.  41
    Toulmin’s Logical Types.David Botting - 2017 - Argumentation 31 (2):433-449.
    In “The Uses of Argument” Toulmin introduces a number of concepts that have become popular in argumentation theory, such as data, claim, warrant, backing, force, field, and, most fundamentally, the concept of a “logical type”. Toulmin never defines the concept of a logical type or a field very clearly, and different interpretations can be found in the literature, either reconstructing what Toulmin has in mind, or revising his concepts to suit other concerns. A natural history of these concepts is not (...)
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  8. Two Types of Quidditism.Tyler Hildebrand - 2016 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 94 (3):516-532.
    According to structuralism, all natural properties are individuated by their roles in causal/nomological structures. According to quidditism, at least some natural properties are individuated in some other way. Because these theses deal with the identities of natural properties, this distinction cuts to the core of a serious metaphysical dispute: Are the intrinsic natures of all natural properties essentially causal/nomological in character? I'll argue that the answer is ‘no’, or at least that this answer is more plausible than many critics of (...)
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  9. A photographic miss test method.Optoelectronic Relays As Decoders, Minibar Switch, A. New, Smaller Crossbar Switch, Shunting Type Magnetic Circuit, Relay Industry Savings Resulting From Polarized & Bistable Crystal Can Relay Header Standardization - 1968 - In Peter Koestenbaum (ed.), Proceedings. [San Jose? Calif.,: [San Jose? Calif..
     
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  10. Structured Propositions as Types.Peter W. Hanks - 2011 - Mind 120 (477):11-52.
    In this paper I defend an account of the nature of propositional content according to which the proposition expressed by a declarative sentence is a certain type of action a speaker performs in uttering that sentence. On this view, the semantic contents of proper names turn out to be types of reference acts. By carefully individuating these types, it is possible to provide new solutions to Frege’s puzzles about names in identity- and belief-sentences.
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  11. Two types of foundationalism.William P. Alston - 1976 - Journal of Philosophy 73 (7):165-185.
  12.  23
    Proofs and types.Jean-Yves Girard - 1989 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This text is an outgrowth of notes prepared by J. Y. Girard for a course at the University of Paris VII. It deals with the mathematical background of the application to computer science of aspects of logic (namely the correspondence between proposition & types). Combined with the conceptual perspectives of Girard's ideas, this sheds light on both the traditional logic material & its prospective applications to computer science. The book covers a very active & exciting research area, & it (...)
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  13.  24
    The types of codes and their combinations: Visual perception and visual art.Georgij Yu Somov - 2014 - Semiotica 2014 (202).
    Name der Zeitschrift: Semiotica Jahrgang: 2014 Heft: 202 Seiten: 481-509.
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  14. Ideal types and historical explanation.J. W. N. Watkins - 1952 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 3 (9):22-43.
  15. Two Types of AI Existential Risk: Decisive and Accumulative.Atoosa Kasirzadeh - manuscript
    The conventional discourse on existential risks (x-risks) from AI typically focuses on abrupt, dire events caused by advanced AI systems, particularly those that might achieve or surpass human-level intelligence. These events have severe consequences that either lead to human extinction or irreversibly cripple human civilization to a point beyond recovery. This discourse, however, often neglects the serious possibility of AI x-risks manifesting incrementally through a series of smaller yet interconnected disruptions, gradually crossing critical thresholds over time. This paper contrasts the (...)
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  16. List of Contents: Volume 11, Number 5, October 1998.S. Fujita, D. Nguyen, E. S. Nam, Phonon-Exchange Attraction, Type I. I. Superconductivity, Wave Cooper & Infinite Well - 1999 - Foundations of Physics 29 (1).
  17. (1 other version)An Intuitionistic Theory of Types: Predicative Part.Per Martin-Löf - 1975 - In ¸ Iterose1975. North Holland.
  18. (1 other version)Types and ontology.Fred Sommers - 1963 - Philosophical Review 72 (3):327-363.
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  19.  1
    Diversity in feminist economics research methods: trends from the Global South.U. T. Salt Lake City, Annandale-On-Hudson USAb Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, C. O. Fort Collins, Markets Including Care Work, History of Economic Thought Public Policy, Labor Economics Currently Development, Macroeconomic Implications of Social Reproduction Her Research Focuses on the Micro-, Finance She is A. Labor Associate Editor for the African Review of Economics, Research Interests Related to the Division Feminist Economist, Definition of Both Paid Quality, How Households Unpaid Work, Formed Around These Types of Work Families Are Structured, Households How the State Interacts, Development The Editor of Feminist Economics She Was Recently Senior Economist at the United Nations Conference on Trade, Including the International Labour Organization Has Done Consulting Work for A. Number of International Development Institutions, the United Nations Research Institute on Social Development the World Bank & Macroeconomic Asp U. N. Women Her Work Focuses on the International - forthcoming - Journal of Economic Methodology:1-25.
    Using data on submitted and published manuscripts in Feminist Economics from 1995 to 2019, we examine differences in method and scope used by authors residing in the Global North and Global South. We specifically focus on research methods, intersectional analyses, region of analysis, and co-authorship status. Further, using logistic regression models, we examine the relationship between authors’ location and use of research methods. We find authors in the Global South are more likely to engage in empirical and mixed-methods papers compared (...)
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  20.  79
    Polarity and Analogy: Two Types of Argumentation in Early Greek Thought.Geoffrey Ernest Richard Lloyd - 1992 - Hackett Publishing.
    "The book's major parts, one on polarity and the other on analogy, introduce the reader to the patterns of thinking that are fundamental not only to Greek philosophy but also to classical civilization as a whole. As a leading classicist in his own right, Lloyd is an impeccable guide. His sophistication in adducing anthropological parallels to Greek models of polarity and analogy broadens his perspective, making him a forerunner in the study of what we are now used to calling semiotics. (...)
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  21. Three Types of Anthropocentrism.Ben Mylius - 2018 - Environmental Philosophy 15 (2):159-194.
    This paper develops a language for distinguishing more rigorously between various senses of the term ‘anthropocentrism.’ Specifically, it differentiates between:1. Perceptual anthropocentrism (which characterizes paradigms informed by sense-data from human sensory organs);2. Descriptive anthropocentrism (which characterizes paradigms that begin from, center upon, or are ordered around Homo sapiens / ‘the human’)3. Normative anthropocentrism (which characterizes paradigms that constrain inquiry in a way that somehow privileges Homo sapiens / ‘the human’ [passive normative anthropocentrism]; and which characterizes paradigms that make assumptions or (...)
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  22.  60
    (1 other version)Models and types of Peano's arithmetic.Haim Gaifman - 1976 - Annals of Mathematical Logic 9 (3):223-306.
  23.  30
    15. Types of Traits: The Importance of Functional Homologues.Karen Neander - 2002 - In André Ariew, Robert Cummins & Mark Perlman (eds.), Functions: New Essays in the Philosophy of Psychology and Biology. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 390.
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  24. Concerning formulas of the types a →b ∨c, a →(ex)b(X).Ronald Harrop - 1960 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 25 (1):27-32.
  25. Propositions as types.Ansten Klev - forthcoming - In Hilary Nesi & Petar Milin (eds.), International Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Elsevier.
    Treating propositions as types allows for a unified presentation of logic and type theory. Both fields thereby gain in expressive and deductive power. This chapter introduces the reader to a system of type theory where propositions are types. The system will be presented as an extension of the simple theory of types. Philosophical and historical observations are made along the way. A linguistic example is given at the end.
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  26. Sexual Violence and Two Types of Moral Wrongs.Ting-An Lin - 2024 - Hypatia 39 (2):215-234.
    Although the idea that sexual violence is a “structural” problem is not new, the lack of specification as to what that entails blocks effective responses to it. This paper illustrates the concept of sexual violence as structural in the sense of containing a type of moral wrong called “structural wrong” and discusses its practical implications. First, I introduce a distinction between two types of moral wrongs—interactional wrongs and structural wrongs—and I argue that the moral problem of sexual violence includes (...)
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  27. “Two Types of Wisdom”.Jason Baehr - 2012 - Acta Analytica 27 (2):81-97.
    The concept of wisdom is largely ignored by contemporary philosophers. But given recent movements in the fields of ethics and epistemology, the time is ripe for a return to this concept. This article lays some groundwork for further philosophical work in ethics and epistemology on wisdom. Its focus is the distinction between practical wisdom and theoretical wisdom or between phronesis and sophia . Several accounts of this distinction are considered and rejected. A more plausible, but also considerably more complex, account (...)
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  28. The Theory of Logical Types.Irving Marmer Copi - 1971 - London: Routledge.
    This reissue, first published in 1971, provides a brief historical account of the Theory of Logical Types; and describes the problems that gave rise to it, its various different formulations, the difficulties connected with each, and the criticisms that have been directed against it. Professor Copi seeks to make the subject accessible to the non-specialist and yet provide a sufficiently rigorous exposition for the serious student to see exactly what the theory is and how it works.
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  29. Questions as information types.Ivano Ciardelli - 2018 - Synthese 195 (1):321-365.
    This paper argues that questions have an important role to to play in logic, both semantically and proof-theoretically. Semantically, we show that by generalizing the classical notion of entailment to questions, we can capture not only the standard relation of logical consequence, which holds between pieces of information, but also the relation of logical dependency, which holds between information types. Proof-theoretically, we show that questions may be used in inferences as placeholders for arbitrary information of a given type; by (...)
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  30. Three types of risk assessment and the emergence of post-normal science.S. O. Funtowicz & J. R. Ravetz - 1992 - In Sheldon Krimsky & Dominic Golding (eds.), Social Theories of Risk. Praeger. pp. 251-274.
  31.  94
    (1 other version)Types and meaninglessness.Arthur Pap - 1960 - Mind 69 (273):41-54.
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  32.  98
    Types of plural individuals.Roger Schwarzschild - 1992 - Linguistics and Philosophy 15 (6):641 - 675.
  33.  25
    Entangled Timelines. Crafting Types of Time Through Making Museum Specimens.Adrian Van Allen - 2023 - Centaurus 65 (2):291-312.
    Focused on the material practices of making insect specimens, I explore how shifting concepts of potential are intricately crafted on the lab bench. Different types of time—from personal histories to imagined futures—are created and entangled as butterflies are made into specimens. Transforming a butterfly into a scientific tool does not merely transform the butterfly, I suggest, but also reciprocally folds back to transform the scientist who makes it. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with scientists in the labs and workrooms at (...)
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  34. An Enchanting Abundance of Types: Nietzsche’s Modest Unity of Virtue Thesis.Mark Alfano - 2015 - Journal of Value Inquiry 49 (3):417-435.
    Although Nietzsche accepted a distant cousin of Brian Leiter’s “Doctrine of Types,” according to which, “Each person has a fixed psycho-physical constitution, which defines him as a particular type of person,” the details of his actual view are quite different from the flat-footed position Leiter attributes to him. Leiter argues that Nietzsche thought that type-facts partially explain the beliefs and actions, including moral beliefs and actions, of the person whom those type-facts characterize. With this much, I agree. However, the (...)
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  35. Socratic ignorance and types of knowledge.Keith McPartland - 2013 - In John Bussanich & Nicholas D. Smith (eds.), The Bloomsbury companion to Socrates. New York: Continuum.
     
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  36.  34
    Clarifying the interaction types in two-person neuroscience research.Tao Liu & Matthew Pelowski - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  37.  35
    The Impact of Four Types of Corporate Social Performance on Reputation and Financial Performance.Yijing Wang & Guido Berens - 2015 - Journal of Business Ethics 131 (2):337-359.
    The goal of this paper was to investigate whether and how a firm that engages in different kinds of corporate social performance can create a favorable corporate reputation among its stakeholders, and as a result achieve a good financial performance. Building on stakeholder theory, we distinguish two types of reputation—reputation among public stakeholders and reputation among financial stakeholders. We argue that CSP activities affect these two reputations differently. In addition, we empirically test the relationship among different types of (...)
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  38. Social Categories are Natural Kinds, not Objective Types (and Why it Matters Politically).Theodore Bach - 2016 - Journal of Social Ontology 2 (2):177-201.
    There is growing support for the view that social categories like men and women refer to “objective types” (Haslanger 2000, 2006, 2012; Alcoff 2005). An objective type is a similarity class for which the axis of similarity is an objective rather than nominal or fictional property. Such types are independently real and causally relevant, yet their unity does not derive from an essential property. Given this tandem of features, it is not surprising why empirically-minded researchers interested in fighting (...)
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  39. Hate: toward a Four-Types Model.Íngrid Vendrell Ferran - 2024 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 15 (2):441-459.
    Drawing on insights found in both philosophy and psychology, this paper offers an analysis of hate and distinguishes between its main types. I argue that hate is a sentiment, i.e., a form to regard the other as evil which on certain occasions can be acutely felt. On the basis of this definition, I develop a typology which, unlike the main typologies in philosophy and psychology, does not explain hate in terms of patterns of other affective states. By examining the (...)
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  40.  47
    Authority Argument Schemes, Types, and Critical Questions.Frank Zenker & Shiyang Yu - 2023 - Argumentation 37 (1):25-51.
    Authority arguments generate support for claims by appealing to an agent’s authority status, rather than to reasons independent of it. With few exceptions, the current literature on argument schemes acknowledges two basic authority types. The _epistemic_ type grounds in knowledge, the_ deontic_ type grounds in power. We review how historically earlier scholarship acknowledged an_ attractiveness-based_ and a _majority-based_ authority type as equally basic type. Crossing these with basic speech act types thus yields authority argument sub-schemes. Focusing on the_ (...)
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  41.  74
    Definable types in o-minimal theories.David Marker & Charles I. Steinhorn - 1994 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 59 (1):185-198.
  42.  51
    Cofinal types of ultrafilters.Dilip Raghavan & Stevo Todorcevic - 2012 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 163 (3):185-199.
  43.  36
    Almost orthogonal regular types.Ehud Hrushovski - 1989 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 45 (2):139-155.
  44. Causal Relata: Tokens, Types, or Variables?Daniel Murray Hausman - 2005 - Erkenntnis 63 (1):33-54.
    The literature on causation distinguishes between causal claims relating properties or types and causal claims relating individuals or tokens. Many authors maintain that corresponding to these two kinds of causal claims are two different kinds of causal relations. Whether to regard causal relations among variables as yet another variety of causation is also controversial. This essay maintains that causal relations obtain among tokens and that type causal claims are generalizations concerning causal relations among these tokens.
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  45. Types of traits. Function, structure, and homology in the classification of traits.Karen Neander - 2002 - In André Ariew, Robert Cummins & Mark Perlman (eds.), Functions: New Essays in the Philosophy of Psychology and Biology. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 402--422.
     
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  46.  26
    Opinion Events: Types and opinion markers in English social media discourse.Erika Lombart, Ledia Kazazi, Ardita Dylgjeri, Jurate Ruzaite, Anna Bączkowska, Chaya Liebeskind & Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk - 2023 - Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 19 (2):447-481.
    The paper investigates various definitions of the concept of opinion as opposed to factual or evidence-based statements and proposes a taxonomy of opinions expressed in English as identified in selected social media. A discussion situates opinions in the realm of pragmatics and reaches to philosophy of language and cognitive science. The research methodology combines a thorough linguistic analysis of opinions, proposing their multifaceted taxonomy with the automatically generated lexical embeddings of positive and negative lexicon acquired from the analysed opinionated texts. (...)
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  47.  15
    The logic of types.Wojciech Buszkowski - 1987 - In Jan T. J. Srzednicki (ed.), Initiatives in logic. Boston: M. Nijhoff. pp. 180--206.
  48.  35
    Forcing with Sequences of Models of Two Types.Itay Neeman - 2014 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 55 (2):265-298.
    We present an approach to forcing with finite sequences of models that uses models of two types. This approach builds on earlier work of Friedman and Mitchell on forcing to add clubs in cardinals larger than $\aleph_{1}$, with finite conditions. We use the two-type approach to give a new proof of the consistency of the proper forcing axiom. The new proof uses a finite support forcing, as opposed to the countable support iteration in the standard proof. The distinction is (...)
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  49. Several New Types of Neutrosophic Set.Florentin Smarandache - unknown
    In the literature, new types of neutrosophic sets have been introduced in the meantime by the growing neutrosophic community. We present a few: Pythagorean Neutrosophic Set, Fermatean Neutrosophic Set, Generalized Fermatean Neutrosophic Set, n-power Neutrosophic Set, Cubic Spherical Neutrosophic Set, Spherical Neutrosophic Set, n-HyperSpherical Neutrosophic Set, Refined n-HyperSpherical Neutrosophic Set.
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  50. Aristotle on Various Types of Alteration in De Anima II 5.John Bowin - 2011 - Phronesis 56 (2):138-161.
    In De Anima II 5, 417a21-b16, Aristotle makes a number of distinctions between types of transitions, affections, and alterations. The objective of this paper is to sort out the relationships between these distinctions by means of determining which of the distinguished types of change can be coextensive and which cannot, and which can overlap and which cannot. From the results of this analysis, an interpretation of 417a21-b16 is then constructed that differs from previous interpretations in certain important respects, (...)
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