本书内容包括:儒家与人际关系的改善;谈儒家与心灵生活;谈孟子与成功之道;感悟老子的人生大智慧等。.

《傅玄〈傅子〉校读》是一部关于傅玄遗文的校释性著作。属于傅玄研究中的基础性研究.

This volume offers a comprehensive overview of the status of the Buddhist tradition in a contemporary and global context. Buddhist experts from several Asian and Western nations address a number of ethical problems from the Buddhist perspective, including medical and environmental ethics, feminism, the social impacts of materialism, and ethnic minorities. All major schools of Buddhism are represented--Mahayana, Theravada, and Vajrayana--as well as a variety of sects such as Ch'an/Zen, Lojong, and Pure Land.

This paper investigates whether and how the disclosure tone of earnings conference calls predicts future stock price crash risk. Using US public firms’ conference call transcripts from 2010 to 2015, we find that firms with less optimistic tone of year-end conference calls experience higher stock price crash risk in the following year. Additional analyses reveal that the predictive power of tone is more pronounced among firms with better information environment and lower managerial equity incentives, suggesting that extrinsic motivations for truthful (...) disclosure partially explain the predictive power of conference call tone. Our results shed light on the long-term information role of conference call tone by exploring the setting of extreme future downside risk, when managers have conflicting incentives either to unethically manipulate disclosure tone to hide bad news or to engage in ethical and truthful communication. (shrink)

Interactional metadiscourse resources in various contexts have gained increasing attention recently. However, little work has ever been done in investigating the use of interactional metadiscourse in job postings. Based on Hyland’s model, I propose the taxonomy of interactional metadiscourse which consists of two broad categories: stance features and engagement features, and seven sub-categories: hedges, boosters, attitude markers, self-mentions, reader-inclusive pronouns, questions and directives. Drawing on a detailed analysis of 220 job postings totaling about 77,100 words, together with 30 informants’ feedback (...) of the attitude toward the use of interactional metadiscourse, the article explores the ways in which the writer interacts with the reader via interactional metadiscourse in this genre. The study has yielded some interesting results: in job postings, the occurrences of stance markers and engagement markers are close in frequency; within the genre, two sub-corpora of job postings have demonstrated remarkable differences in terms of interactional metadiscourse use. Moreover, a distinction is made between macro-interactional metadiscourse and micro-interactional metadiscourse, which is useful in evaluating the interactionality of the text. (shrink)

Economic development and mass urbanization have unleashed unprecedented levels of land disputes in East Asia. In China and Vietnam especially, courts and other legal institutions struggle to find lasting solutions. It is against this background of legal failure that this book brings together leading scholars to understand how state agencies, land users and land developers imaginatively engage with each other to resolve disputes. Drawing on empirically rich case studies, contributors explore the limits of law and legal institutions in resolving land (...) disputes and reveal insights into how key actors in East Asia understand land disputes. Their studies reveal promising dispute resolution practices and point to the likely ways that states will deal with land disputes in the future. (shrink)

Modal logic with counting is obtained from basic modal logic by adding cardinality comparison formulas of the form $ \#\varphi \succsim \#\psi $, stating that the cardinality of successors satisfying $ \varphi $ is larger than or equal to the cardinality of successors satisfying $ \psi $. It is different from graded modal logic where basic modal logic is extended with formulas of the form $ \Diamond _{k}\varphi $ stating that there are at least $ k$-many different successors satisfying $ (...) \varphi $. In this paper, we investigate the axiomatization of ML(#) with respect to different frame classes, such as image-finite frames and arbitrary frames. Drawing inspiration from existing works, we employ a similar proof strategy that uses the characterization of binary relations on finite Boolean algebras capable of representing generalized probability measures or finite (respectively arbitrary) cardinality measures. Our main result shows that any formula not provable in the Hilbert system can be refuted within a finite (respectively arbitrary) cardinality measure Kripke frame with a finite domain. We then transform this finite (respectively arbitrary) cardinality measure Kripke frame into a Kripke frame in the corresponding class, refuting the unprovable formula. (shrink)

This project was undertaken to ascertain the perceptions of a group of Taiwan’s fourth-year bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) students regarding death and help expected from nurses during the dying process. Within the Chinese culture, death is one of the most important life issues. However, in many Chinese societies it is difficult for people to reveal their deepest feelings to their significant others or loved ones. It was in this context that this project was developed because little is known (...) about how Taiwan’s nursing students perceive death and the dying process. Using an open-ended, self-report questionnaire, 110 senior BSN students recorded their thoughts on: (1) their fears before physical death; (2) afterlife destinations; and (3) the help they would expect from nurses when dying. The data were analyzed using a three-layer qualitative thematic analysis. The students’ reported needs during the dying process were directed towards three main goals: (1) help in reaching the ‘triple targets of individual life’; (2) help in facilitating in-depth support so that both the dying person and significant others can experience a blessed farewell; and (3) help in reaching a destination in the afterlife. The results support the belief of dying as a transition occurring when life weans itself from the mortal world and prepares for an afterlife. (shrink)

György Márkus, as a leading member of the Budapest School led by György Lukács in Hungary, is closely concerned with aesthetics. His final unfinished writings in political exile in Sydney were focused on the question of modern cultural autonomy. From the 1960s to the new century, from Budapest to Sydney in Australia, he established a new form of Neo-Marxist aesthetics on the basis of critical theory drawn from Lukács to the Frankfurt School. His aesthetics includes three dimensions: an aesthetics of (...) praxis, a reconstruction of Lukács’s aesthetics and a theory of aesthetic modernity. His aesthetics is characteristic of analytic philosophy, especially ‘categorical analysis’. It shifts from philosophical aesthetics in the Hungarian period, which is based on an ontological foundation, that is, materialist phenomenology, to social or sociological aesthetics in the Australian period concerning social modernity, institution, constitution, culture, and so on. This is a turn from a philosophical paradigm to a structural one as regards aesthetics, which indicates a break with Lukács’s late return in the early 1960s to Hegelian inspired Ontology of Social Being. Márkus is strictly and essentially an essayist in fragments, who distinguishes himself from the other members of the Budapest School in this way. Ironically, this genre is once again influenced by the young Lukács’s aesthetics. (shrink)

Plagiarism is a problematic issue in universities across the globe (Curtis & Vardanega, 2016 ). This study explored the relationship between negative emotionality and positive attitudes toward plagiarism through the mediation of academic self-efficacy and self-control. Negative emotionality was examined as three components: stress, anxiety, and depression. Self-report surveys were completed by 454 university students to investigate the relationship between negative emotionality and positive attitudes toward plagiarism, as well as the mediating role of academic self-efficacy and self-control in this relationship. (...) The hierarchical multiple regression found that negative emotionality significantly predicted positive attitudes toward plagiarism over and above age and gender (i.e., where male students and younger students were more likely to plagiarise). Furthermore, three mediation analyses showed that academic self-efficacy and self-control mediate the relationship between positive attitudes toward plagiarism and each component of negative emotionality. Considering these results, subsequent research should investigate whether implementing strategies that alleviate stress, anxiety, and depression could increase academic self-efficacy and self-control, which in turn, could then reduce positive attitudes toward plagiarism. (shrink)

This paper uses the Process Dissociation Procedure to explore whether people can acquire unconscious knowledge in the serial reaction time task [Destrebecqz, A., & Cleeremans, A. . Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the Process Dissociation Procedure. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 343–350; Wilkinson, L., & Shanks, D. R. . Intentional control and implicit sequence learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30, 354–369]. Experiment 1 showed that people generated legal sequences above baseline levels under exclusion (...) instructions. Reward moved exclusion performance towards baseline, indicating that the extent of motivation in the test phase influenced the expression of unconscious knowledge. Experiments 2 and 3 revealed that even with reward, adding noise to the sequences or shortening training led to above-baseline exclusion performance, suggesting that task difficulty and the amount of training also affected the expression of unconscious knowledge. The results help resolve some current debates about the role of conscious awareness in sequence learning. (shrink)

The paper examines three factors that are driving and constraining the development of rural legal services delivery in China: geographic limitation, professional interest and political intervention. Firstly, geography matters and rurality creates natural barriers for rural residents in limiting the access to legal services. There is an inherent spatial inequality for rural population when it comes to the distribution of legal service and the geographic isolation and remoteness nurture a particular type of legal culture among rural residents. Secondly, professionalism matters. (...) There are strong ideological and economic forces which pull the rural legal service providers away from their grass-roots. The calling of an emerging legal professionalism (and the related financial incentives) demands a certain degree of legal knowledge and qualification, rules of procedures, code of conduct and regularity in legal practice. In order to survive in an increasingly competitive legal market, rural legal service providers have to run legal practices as a business, considering the "bottom line" and following the logic of a legal market. Finally, politics matters. To overcome geographic barriers and correct market failure, the government would need to steps-in to provide or supplement legal service in rural areas by introducing a public dimension of legal services. Politics may ameliorate where the legal service market fails. (shrink)

Publication date: 24 January 2019 Source: Author: Pei Hua Fu, Tchamy Jonathan, Najma Bano Progress in globalization has made many nations to see China as a fast-growing country in terms of technology, infrastructure, manufacturing and production of goods and services. In spite of these developments, there is still a room of research for resolving the uneven distribution of income which has caused political and socio-economic problems in the country. The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of Human (...) Resources Management and Talent Management in bringing improvement in enterprise capabilities to stand in the market. The method adopted in this paper is the systemic literature reviewer focused on the qualitative analysis of studies focused on strategic and human resource management. This research review finds that these human-related managements are crucial requirement to build company capabilities. However, as the the company keeps growing, performance and development of employee need to keep up to cover up the global market. Giving some guidance, training, and practice may be one of the proper investments in developing the capabilities. Customer loyalty is an influential factor in the performance of the company. (shrink)

There is no notion of postmortem Heaven and Hell in both ancient Israeli and Confucian traditions, and the two traditions also share quite a number of similarities about the idea of immortal life after death. Therefore, a comparison of the commonness in this field, e.g. the Jewish Levirate Marriage custom and the Confucian custom of adopting one’s son as heir; the idea of name surviving death in Biblical Judaism and that of glorifying one’s parents by making one’s name famous in (...) future ages in Confucianism, can help us reveal the common pursuit in the two traditions: the postmortem fulfillment of an individual is realized in the form of the continuation of one’s family/ tribe/ nation of which they were, and forever remain, a generational link. In addition, this can help clarify a long faulted Confucian dogma of “Having no male heir being the gravest of the three cardinal offences against filial piety”. (shrink)

A dynamic context model of interactive behavior was developed to explain results from two experiments that tested the effects of interaction costs on encoding strategies, cognitive representations, and response selection processes in a decision-making and a judgment task. The model assumes that the dynamic context defined by the mixes of internal and external representations and processes are sensitive to the interaction cost imposed by the task environment. The model predicts that changes in the dynamic context may lead to systematic biases (...) in cognitive representations and processes that eventually influence decision-making and judgment outcomes. Consistent with the predictions by the model, results from the experiments showed that as interaction costs increased, encoding strategies and cognitive representations shifted from perception-based to memory-based. Memory-based comparisons of the stimuli enhanced the similarity and dominance effects, and led to stronger systematic biases in response outcomes in a choice task. However, in a judgment task, memory-based representations enhanced only the dominance effects. Results suggested that systematic response biases in the dominance context were caused by biases in the cognitive representations of the stimuli, but response biases in the similarity context were caused by biases in the comparison process induced by the choice task. Results suggest that changes in interaction costs not only change whether information was assessed from the external world or from memory but also introduce systematic biases in the cognitive representation of the information, which act as biased inputs to the subsequent decision-making and judgment processes. Results are consistent with the idea of interactive cognition, which proposes that representations and processes are contingent on the dynamic context defined by the information flow between the external task environment and internal cognition. (shrink)

Why do logicians develop so many different philosophical logics? All their aims focus on the same question--”What is logic?” Whether they have said it is the aim question which they want answer or not when they are doing logics, this is the presumed motivation for all studies of logics. In other words, the reason for logicians to do logics is try to answer what logic is. This kind of conceptual analysis on logic is the main problem style to be asked (...) in Universal Logic, such as “What is classical propositional logic?”, “What is many‐valued logic?”, “What is paraconsistent logic?”, etc. In this paper, we discuss one of Béziau’s paradoxes, Translation Paradox in Logical Translation, due to this kind of conceptual analysis on logic. Universal Logic is not a new logic, according to Béziau, it is a general theory of logical structures analogy to Universal Algebra, even if we could see it as a new logical activity. It is not to find out a ‘universal’ logic to cover all aims of logical researches. And it is definitely not in the spirit of logical monism, that is there is only one true logic. Develop Universal Logic about 15 years, besides its own motivation and purposes, it increasingly induces to two main stream problems, one is Logical Translation and the other is Combination of Logics which are two new realms in logic research. We find it is an easier way to start with Béziau’s Translation Paradox to get involved into Translation of Logics. (shrink)

「經典傅活」是傅佩榮教授對國學精華深刻闡述，專家不覺其淺，大眾不覺其深，以簡單易懂的方式，將孔孟老莊的智慧帶入尋常生活，產生安定身心的力量。 中國傳統思想中，不論如何分類，都會把儒家列為重點。儒家的代表人物是孔子，他以身教和言教開啟了中國歷史上最具影響力的儒家學派，影響了中國人生活的各方面，直至今日。 孔子的智慧首先即是真誠，由真誠而覺悟內在的力量，期許自己去行善。他亦主張「人能弘道，非道弘人」，人性的價值必須由內而成，人道確立則萬物亦可安頓。孔子一再回答學生問「仁」，這些用以掌握生命的真實本質。 傅佩榮教授用了七個主題，從孔子立志於學、立志行仁、自我修養，到孝順父母、結交良友、社會責任，探討了孔子重要的觀點以及淑世精神，用孔子的智慧，解答當代人的心靈困惑。傅佩榮教授詮釋中國傳統儒家文化的現代意 義，簡潔清晰的表達，生動而又貼近人心，使我們視野為之開闊。 本書附贈傅佩榮主講「追求人的完美典範」選摘有聲書，聽聽傅佩榮教授對孔子思想的「仁」做最詳實與精彩的詮釋，一起去追求生命自我完善的可能。 本書特色 ．「經典傅活」是傅佩榮教授對國學精華深刻闡述，專家不覺其淺，大眾不覺其深，以簡單易懂的方式，將孔孟老莊一系列的智慧帶入尋常生活，發現安定身心的力量。 ．這是千年經典，千年智慧，跨越千年而依然行之有效的大智慧。 ．《原來孔子這樣說》是傅佩榮教授在香港鳳凰衛視主講國學的天空，經潤飾整理而成。 ．內頁版面編排屏除一般國學書籍引用大批原文再加闡述的格式，傅佩榮教授闡釋孔子文章在內頁的頁面上半欄位，提及《論語》原典，則獨立對照編排在下方，以色字標示，讀者可以通順的閱讀內文，適個人需要快速參酌原典 ，輕易了解《論語》原字原意。 ．隨書附贈傅佩榮教授主講「追求人的完美典範」有聲書選摘。 ．傅佩榮教授廣受學生們歡迎，在大學生社團推薦中，被高票推選為最優、最熱門的通識課程教授，並曾獲頒教育部教學特優獎。 作者簡介 傅佩榮 上海市人，台大哲學研究所畢業，美國耶魯大學哲學博士，曾任台大哲學系主任兼哲學研究所所長，比利時魯汶大學、荷蘭萊頓大學講座，現任台大哲學系教授。 傅佩榮在台大開設「哲學與人生」課程，十七年來座無虛席，受教者上萬人，此外，他還是一位傑出的演講家，每年舉辦兩百多場人生哲學講座，多次應邀前往馬來西亞、韓國、美國、新加坡等地的華人社團作傳統文化講座。在 大陸中央電視台「百家講壇」主講孟子、北京電視台「養心堂」主講莊子、國學天空，另在鳳凰衛視、山東衛視、上海衛視等多家電視台主講國學，深受中國大陸讀者歡迎。 傅佩榮潛心研究國學，專心注解，並重新解讀《論語》、《孟子》、《易經》等傳統經典，長年致力於國學的普及與推廣，他說這一生只做四件事，研究、教學、寫作、演講，這四件事情，讓他有機會把最深的思想，儒家、道家 、易經……等等，一步步淺顯、普及化。傅佩榮教授作品行文一如本人，幽默風趣，平易近人而又深入淺出。 主要獲獎及表彰紀錄 國家文藝獎、中正文化獎、新浪、搜狐2007年度傑出文化人物、教育部教學特優獎、大學生社團推薦最優通識課程、民生報評選校園熱門教授等獎項 主要著作 《成功人生》、《人生問卷》、《生命的精采由自己決定》、《人生的快樂靠自己追求》 《生命的逆境要勇敢面對》、《不同季節的讀書方法》、《抗壓有方法》、《生活有哲學》 《生命重心在何處》、《人生需要幾座燈塔》、《原來孟子這樣說》、《原來莊子這樣說》 《原來孔子這樣說》.

This paper investigates the conscious status of both the knowledge that an item is legal and the knowledge of why it is legal in sequence learning. We compared ability to control use of knowledge with stated awareness of the knowledge as measures of the conscious status of knowledge. Experiment 1 showed that when people could control use of judgment knowledge they were indeed conscious of having that knowledge according to their own statements. Yet Experiment 2 showed that people could exert (...) such control over the use of judgment knowledge when claiming they had no structural knowledge: i.e. conscious judgment knowledge could be based on unconscious structural knowledge. Further implicit learning research should be clear over whether judgment or structural knowledge is claimed to be unconscious as the two dissociate in sequence learning. (shrink)

中國哲學的特質，是向著超越界開放的人文主義， 此超越界或名為帝，或名為天，或名為道。 不同名稱顯示此種人文主義的開放性與創造性。 這樣的超越界總是伴同一個人的終極關懷而「呈現」出來， 此一呈現隨著古代歷史的演變而展示豐富多彩的面貌。 本書從《詩經》、《書經》、《左傳》、《國語》等書， 以及孔子、孟子、荀子、老子、莊子等人所論述的天論概念， 闡發幽微， 期使中國古人的心靈世界更形清晰，也更為可敬。 傅佩榮教授對中國哲學的興趣與關懷，深受方東美先生的啟發。真正著手認真研究，則是在美國耶魯大學念書時，選讀余英時先生的課開始。方先生以中國哲學的精神與發展「博」之，余先生以歷史文獻的考證與論據「約」之。 經過這一博一約，傅佩榮教授踏入了中國哲學的園地。 傅佩榮教授主張，一般論者多以中國哲學的特質為人文主義或人本主義，這種看法容易引起誤解，譬如以為中國人的視野只是現實的人間世界，即使道德規範與宗教禮儀也不過是考慮「利用厚生」而已，談不上什麼終極關懷與超 越境界。就算勉強肯定了道德主體有其超越依據，也多半以後者為立說之「假設」而已，不必認真看待。這種觀點並不符合先秦重要典籍的明白意旨。如果我們承認先秦典籍（如：詩經、書經、易經、左傳等）與古典儒家及道家 的主要作品，可以代表中國心靈的原型，那麼我們將不難發現：中國哲學的特質並非僅是人文主義，而是開放的人文主義──向著超越界開放。此超越界或名為帝，或名為天，或名為道。不同名稱足以顯示此種人文主義的開放性 與創造性。這樣的超越界絕不是個「假設」，反之，它總是伴同一個人的終極關懷──或為宗教熱忱，或為道德抉擇，或為藝術才情──而「呈現」出來。此一呈現隨著古代歷史的演變而展示豐富多彩的面貌。本書之作，即在闡 發其中幽微，期使中國古人的心靈世界更形清晰，也更為可敬。.

A core feature of drug-resistant epilepsy is hyperexcitability in the motor cortex, and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a suitable treatment for seizures. However, the antiepileptic effect causing network reorganization has rarely been studied. Here, we assessed the impact of rTMS on functional network connectivity in resting functional networks and their relation to treatment response. Fourteen patients with medically intractable epilepsy received inhibitive rTMS with a figure-of-eight coil over the vertex for 10 days spread across two weeks. We designed (...) a 6-week follow-up phase divided into four time points to investigate FNC and rTMS-induced timing-dependent plasticity, such as seizure frequency and abnormal interictal discharges on electroencephalography. For psychiatric comorbidities, the Hamilton Depression Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale were applied to measure depression and anxiety before and after rTMS. FNC was also compared to that of a cohort of 17 healthy control subjects. The after-effects of rTMS included all subjects that achieved the significant decrease rate of more than 50% in interictal epileptiform discharges and seizure frequency, 12 patients with the reduction rate above 50% compared to the baseline, as well as emotional improvements in depression and anxiety. In the analysis of RSNs, we found a higher synchronization between the sensorimotor network and posterior default-mode network in epileptic patients than in healthy controls. In contrast to pre-rTMS, the results demonstrated a weaker FNC between the anterior DMN and SMN after rTMS, while the FNC between the aDMN and dorsal attention network was greater. Importantly, the depressive score was anticorrelated with the FNC of the aDMN-SMN, which was markedly different in the good and bad response groups treated with rTMS. Based on the vertex suppression by rTMS, it is possible to achieve temporary clinical efficacy by modulating network reorganization in the DMN and SMN for patients with refractory epilepsy. (shrink)

Metrics and their weaker forms are used to measure the difference between two data. There are many metrics that are available but not desired by a practitioner. This paper recommends in a plausible reasoning manner an easy-to-understand method to construct desired distance-like measures: to fuse easy-to-obtain pseudo-semi-metrics, pseudo-metrics, or metrics by making full use of well-known t-norms, t-conorms, aggregation operators, and similar operators. The simple reason to do this is that data for a real world problem are sometimes from multiagents. (...) A distance-like notion, called weak interval-valued pseudo-metrics, is defined by using known notions of pseudo-semi-metrics, pseudo-metrics, and metrics; this notion is topologically good and shows precision, flexibility, and compatibility than single pseudo-semi-metrics, pseudo-metrics, or metrics. Propositions and detailed examples are given to illustrate how to fabricate an expected or demanded WIVP-metric in practical problems, and WIVP-metric and its special cases are characterized by using axioms. Moreover, some WIVP-metrics pertinent to quantitative logic theory or interval-valued fuzzy graphs are constructed, and fixed point theorems and common fixed point theorems in weak interval-valued metric spaces are also presented. Topics and strategies for further study are also put forward concretely and clearly. (shrink)

This study aims to explore the influence mechanism of COVID-19 risk perception on anxiety in emerging adulthood in the context of public health events of the second round of COVID-19 outbreaks and provide support for exploring the path of mental health after the normalization of the epidemic situation. An online questionnaire, combined with community social work, was used in this study, and data of 522 emerging adults were collected in February 2021. The Perceived Risk of COVID-19 pandemic scale, the generalized (...) anxiety disorder 7-item scale, the scale of affect balance, and the connor-davidson resilience scale were used to investigate. The results showed that: first, the risk perception of COVID-19 in early adulthood was positively predictive of anxiety symptoms [B = 0.110, p < 0.05, 95%CI = ]. Second, the affective quality of life plays a mediating role between the risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety [B = 0.108, 95%CI = ]. Thirdly, resilience plays a moderating role between the risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety, the higher the resilience of emerging adulthood, the weaker effects of the risk perception of COVID-19 negative prediction of anxiety [B = −0.110, p < 0.001, 95%CI = ]. Therefore, to control the anxiety of emerging adulthood in public health events, we should pay attention to the propaganda and management of epidemic information, improve the quality of life, and attention should be paid to the emerging adulthood with low resilience. (shrink)