The study of orders as a product of spiritual creativity has its long and rich history. In addition to ethnographers, religious scholars, psychologists, philosophers, as well as scientists who carried out their research on the brink of several sciences - M. Bachtin, J. Frezer, K. Levy Briul, worked on their analysis. The orders helped find the keys to the style of thinking of primitive tribes, the peculiarities of their worldview, language, remedies, regulation of social relations.

A range of multidisciplinarily arguments and observations can and have been employed to challenge the view that the human relationship to nature is fundamentally a cognitive matter of collectively held cultural ideas and values about nature. At the same time, the very similar cognitivist idea of collective sharing of conceptual schemes, normative orientations, and the like as the engine of collective action remains the chief analytic tool offered by many influential philosophical and sociological theories of collective action and human sociality (...) generally. Critically discussing in empirical as well as theoretical contexts the prospects of cognitivism to account for the human collective causing of environmental problems, the paper illustrates the deficiencies of cognitivism about collective action and discusses the challenges facing a different way forward. (shrink)

Для широкого круга читателей (слушателей, аспирантов, преподавателей) интересующихся данной проблемой.

If we approach the analysis of fairy tales from the point of view of revealing in them a metaphysical dimension of human intentions, then in their subjects one can identify several paradigms. The most important of these should include, in particular, the following: the combination of man with the deity ; the loss of God's person as a result of her violation of some conditions for coexistence with God; the search for the lost man of God and the rejoining of (...) him. These through-world ideological paradigms, embodied in specific themes, may be adjoined in the same tale, and may exist separately, encompassing all of its plot. All the above applies to Ukrainian fairy tales. (shrink)

Монография предназначена для специалистов в области социальной философии, социологии и истории, а также для широкого круга читателей.

A novel method for ECG signal outlier processing based on autoencoder neural networks is presented in the article. Typically, heartbeats with serious waveform distortions are treated as outliers and are skipped from the authentication pipeline. The main idea of the paper is to correct these waveform distortions rather them in order to provide the system with better statistical base. During the experiments, the optimum autoencoder architecture was selected. An open Physionet ECGID database was used to verify the proposed method. The (...) results of the studies were compared with previous studies that considered the correction of anomalies based on a statistical approach. On the one hand, the autoencoder shows slightly lower accuracy than the statistical method, but it greatly simplifies the construction of biometric identification systems, since it does not require precise tuning of hyperparameters. (shrink)

In this groundbreaking new volume, James Wertsch proposes a new formulation of sociocultural research that connects the various perspectives of the social sciences in an integrated, nonreductive fashion.

This excellent study, which is both critical and constructive, is much broader in scope than its title might indicate. The human self is a central concept for Royce and its full discussion involves one in the whole body of his philosophy, as the author clearly recognizes. Few aspects of Royce's thought, indeed, escape his systematic examination; there are sections on Royce's logic, epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and philosophy of religion, together with analyses of the self in time and in society, and (...) of the "community" idea. There is also an illuminating chapter on Royce's relations to Peirce and James.--V. C. C. (shrink)

A photographic reprint of Santayana's classic essay in epistemology, in inexpensive yet attractive form.--V. C. C.

Three of the seven papers which comprise this volume are on philosophical subjects; the others are on literature and political science. The philosophical papers are historical rather than systematic, each covering the work of a single thinker. Bergman's Paper on Husserl and Rotenstreich's on Wittgenstein are noteworthy for their comprehensiveness.--V. C. C.

A section of Emile, newly translated, setting forth Rousseau's influential version of eighteenth-century Deism. --V. C. C.

An attempt to account for the shift in Plato's ethical views from the Socratic ideal of personal decision in the early Dialogues to the institutionalized morality of the Laws. The author's interpretations are fresh and illuminating, and his central thesis--that the shift in Plato's view is a function of a growing attention to the conditions, social and natural, imposed upon moral man by the actual world--is well-supported. One of the best features of Mr. Gould's work is his attempt to recover (...) something like the original senses of crucial Platonic terms. He is able to make much better sense of the Socratic "virtue is knowledge," for example, by interpreting, with considerable justification, ἐπιστήμη as technique rather than science, as a species of "knowing how" rather than of "knowing that."--V. C. C. (shrink)

An English version of a work which has attracted wide attention since its publication in France some 15 years ago. It represents an effort to face and to resolve a problem implicit in much so-called "existential" thinking and writing, the problem of suicide: does not the existential recognition of the absurdity of life compel one to leave it? M. Camus' argument is often hard to follow, but his answer is plain: suicide is not justified, even though absurdity is inevitable; the (...) proper response to absurdity, indeed, is just the affirmation of life. We must, like Sisyphus, continue to struggle, even though the struggle nought availeth; "One must," concludes M. Camus, "imagine Sisyphus happy." The five short pieces which accompany the title essay in this volume include some examples of what M. Camus probably does best--intense evocations of the North African landscape and mood.--V. C. C. (shrink)

Cassirer's provocative analysis of the role of myth in political thinking, from Plato to our own day, in an attractive reprint. The original edition was published in 1946. --V. C. C.

The first English translation of one of Berdyaev's earliest works, but one which he himself regarded as containing in germ the philosophical ideas fundamental to his later thinking. It begins by defining philosophy as "a creative activity," and goes on to develop the central notion of creativity with reference to Redemption, Being, Freedom, Sex, Morals, Society, Mysticism, etc. The writing itself is "creative" rather than "systematic"; though always stimulating, its enthusiasm sometimes makes the argument hard to follow. The translation is (...) smooth and readable.--V. C. C. (shrink)

Baudelaire's art criticism in a generous paperback sampling. Included are reviews of the salons of 1845, 1846 and 1869, the essay "On the Essence of Laughter," and a study of Delacroix. Many of the art works mentioned in the text are pictured in the volume's 64 pages of illustrations.--V. C. C.

A critical yet informed and sympathetic look at metaphysics by a group of British "analytic" philosophers, all but one from Oxford. The positivistic "elimination" of metaphysics is repudiated; on the other hand, the authors agree that some of the metaphysician's traditional claims must be rejected, or at least brought up to date. The writing is semi-popular, and those acquainted with recent Oxford philosophizing will find little here that is unfamiliar.--V. C. C.

Subtitled "Rejections of Cartesian Dualism" this collection of essays traces through western Philosophy the strong but often overlooked idea that the body and the mind are not two different kinds of entity somehow reconciled in man, but rather a unity that is man. The editor's introduction sets forth Aristotle's ideas, concentrating on the dictum that it is the same man that thinks and runs. Spicker also treats Descartes' view, and the view of the Cartesians, ably separating the two when necessary. (...) The rest of the book is basically arranged chronologically, starting with extracts from Spinoza's Ethics, an essay on these extracts by Hans Jonas, and then moving through Julien de la Mettrie and two short essays by Kant. The second part of the book contains interesting essays on the human body by John Dewey, Douglas Long, and B. A. O. Williams, all defending the essential unity of body and soul. The third and last section of the book is itself divided into two parts, the first of which, entitled "Philosophy of Embodiment" contains four extracts from the works of prominent phenomenologists, Max Scheler, Gabriel Marcel, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. These essays all center around the necessity of a concept of the "lived body" to the understanding of man's being-in-the-world. In the last section, the quality of the essays drops, although it is delightfully leavened by a witty essay by Richard Griffith on the foot. This section contains essays on particular parts of the human body, such as sight and the upright posture, by Herbert Plügge, Hans Jonas, and Erwin W. Straus. There is a selected bibliography for those who are captured by this basic thread of western thought.--W. A. de V. (shrink)

Marx's extended reply to Prudon's Philosophy of Poverty. The translation is based on the first edition of 1847, but embodies the corrections made by Engels for the German editions of 1885 and 1892. Engels' two prefaces, together with other material relevant to the book's occasion and content, are also included.--V. C. C.

An exact reprint of the last corrected edition of the standard English translation of Descartes' Philosophical Works, long out of print. The Dover Press is to be commended for again making available, in compact and inexpensive form, this famous edition, indispensable to the English reader of Descartes.--V. C. C.

A hard-cover reprint of Royce's "Essay in the Form of Lectures." Royce discusses modern philosophy both historically, by describing the views of some of its chief figures--mainly Germans of the nineteenth century--and systematically, in terms of some of its central ideas--e.g., evolution, freedom, and the reality-ideality dichotomy. The result is both a survey of modern thought and an introduction to the thought of Royce.--V. C. C.