Results for 'Toby Tricks'

970 found
Order:
  1.  22
    Modelling the mind: Nietzsche’s epistemic ends in his account of drive interaction.Toby Tricks - 2024 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 67 (5):1296-1319.
    Nietzsche offers us an account of how different drives interact with one another; it is rich but also appears to risk the homunculus fallacy. Competing attempts to deflect this charge on his behalf share an implicit consensus about the ‘epistemic ends’ of the account: they assume Nietzsche is trying to provide true explanations of psychological phenomena. I argue against this consensus. I claim that Nietzsche's characterisations of drive interaction are to be taken as fictive and are not intended to have (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  2.  44
    (1 other version)Structural Equations and Analysis of Dispositions.Toby Friend - 2023 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 10.
    I develop a new schema for analysis of dispositions in terms of structural equations. This schema provides the means to respond to a host of problems that have been posed for other proposals, including the problem of masks, alters, mimickers, tricks, conjunctive multi-track dispositions and dispositional degrees. In the development of this new schema, I will employ structural modelling techniques to highlight features of the problem cases, thereby revealing the utility of these techniques to ongoing discussion.
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  3.  98
    Toby Handfield Leaves Nothing To Chance.Toby Handfield - 2012 - The Philosophers' Magazine 59 (59):125-126.
  4.  12
    Doctors and Healers.Tobie Nathan - 2018 - Medford, MA: Polity Press. Edited by Isabelle Stengers & Stephen Muecke.
    We think we know what healers do: they build on patients' irrational beliefs and treat them in a 'symbolic' way. If they get results, it's thanks to their capacity to listen, rather than any influence on a clinical level. At the same time, we also think we know what modern medicine is: a highly technical and rational process, but one that scarcely listens to patients at all. In this book, ethnopsychiatrist Tobie Nathan and philosopher Isabelle Stengers argue that this commonly (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  5. Why the Great Philosophers Aren’t that Great.Toby Svoboda - 2025 - Cultura 2025:1-15.
    The important philosophers in history aren’t all that great. First, their works are full of bad arguments, confused concepts, falsehoods, implausible claims, and lack of clarity. We can see this by using a “peer-review test,” which asks us to evaluate these claims and arguments as if they were submitted to us as anonymous work. Second, I make the case that canonizing some philosophers as great is damaging to the philosophical project of seeking truth regardless of its source. I suggest an (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  6.  83
    Suppression of scientific research: Bahramdipity and nulltiple scientific discoveries.Toby J. Sommer - 2001 - Science and Engineering Ethics 7 (1):77-104.
    The fairy tale The Three Princes of Serendip can be taken to be allegorical of not only chance discovery (serendipity) but of other aspects of scientific discovery as well. Just as Horace Walpole coined serendipity, so can the term bahramdipity be derived from the tale and defined as the cruel suppression of a serendipitous discovery. Suppressed, unpublished discoveries are designated nulltiples. Several examples are presented to make the case that bahramdipity is an existent aspect of scientific discovery. Other examples of (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  7. Conflict and Peace: An Introduction to International Conflict and Peace Making.Toby Russo - 2009 - Ethos: Social Education Victoria 17 (2):31.
  8.  13
    On Gaia: a critical investigation of the relationship between life and Earth.Toby Tyrrell - 2013 - Princeton: Princeton University Press.
    Gaia, the grand idea -- Good citizens or selfish genes? -- Life at the edge : lessons from extremophiles -- Temperature paces life -- Icehouse earth -- Given enough time -- Evolutionary innovations and environmental change -- A stable or an unstable world? -- The puzzle of life's long persistence -- Conclusions.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  9. Sacrificing Strength in the Best Systems Account.Toby Friend - forthcoming - Analysis.
    Many Humeans are persuaded by an argument (separately) from Roberts, Lange and Woodward that strength ought not to be sacrificed in the competition for best system because scientific practice does not exhibit such a sacrifice. I here show that Humeans should not be so persuaded. The argument from Roberts, Lange and Woodward misses the fact that scientists can only systematise their experience, whereas the best system must systematise the entire world. However, while my demonstration shows that the argument against sacrificing (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  10.  32
    Why are small and large numbers enumerated differently? A limited-capacity preattentive stage in vision.Lana M. Trick & Zenon W. Pylyshyn - 1994 - Psychological Review 101 (1):80-102.
  11. The Precipice: Existential Risk and the Future of Humanity.Toby Ord - 2020 - London: Bloomsbury.
    Humanity stands at a precipice. -/- Our species could survive for millions of generations — enough time to end disease, poverty, and injustice; to reach new heights of flourishing. But this vast future is at risk. With the advent of nuclear weapons, humanity entered a new age, gaining the power to destroy ourselves, without the wisdom to ensure we won’t. Since then, these dangers have only multiplied, from climate change to engineered pandemics and unaligned artificial intelligence. If we do not (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   94 citations  
  12. Infinitary tableau for semantic truth.Toby Meadows - 2015 - Review of Symbolic Logic 8 (2):207-235.
  13. Hypercomputation: Computing more than the Turing machine.Toby Ord - 2002 - Dissertation, University of Melbourne
    In this report I provide an introduction to the burgeoning field of hypercomputation – the study of machines that can compute more than Turing machines. I take an extensive survey of many of the key concepts in the field, tying together the disparate ideas and presenting them in a structure which allows comparisons of the many approaches and results. To this I add several new results and draw out some interesting consequences of hypercomputation for several different disciplines.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  14. The dance of trial and error.Toby Kiers - 2020 - In Gabrielle Kennedy, In/search re/search: imagining scenarios through art and design. Amsterdam: Sandberg Instituut.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  15.  37
    The relationship between anomalistic belief, misperception of chance and the base rate fallacy.Toby Prike, Michelle M. Arnold & Paul Williamson - 2019 - Thinking and Reasoning 26 (3):447-477.
    A poor understanding of probability may lead people to misinterpret every day coincidences and form anomalistic beliefs. We investigated the relationship between anomalistic beli...
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  16.  34
    The sources of communitarianism on the American left: Pluralism, republicanism, and participatory democracy.Toby Reiner - 2011 - History of European Ideas 37 (3):293-303.
    This article considers the nature of communitarian thought in late twentieth century Anglo-American political philosophy. It argues that communitarianism arose out of a critique of modernist theories of justice such as that of John Rawls shared by a group of writers committed to idealist principles that emphasised narrative approaches to the study of political thought, the importance of historical context, and popular participation in political life. It then focuses on one particular American strand of communitarian thought, exemplified by the work (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  17. Unpicking Priest’s Bootstraps.Toby Meadows - 2015 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 4 (3):181-188.
    Graham Priest has argued that the fruits of classical set theory can be obtained by naive means through a puzzling piece of reasoning often known as the bootstrapping argument. I will demonstrate that the bootstrapping involved is best understood as viciously circular and thus, that these fruits remain forbidden. The argument has only one rehearsal in print and it is quite subtle. This paper provides reconstruction of the argument based on Priest and attempts some fixes and alternative construals to get (...)
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  18. Duties Regarding Nature: A Kantian Environmental Ethic.Toby Svoboda - 2015 - Routledge.
    In this book, Toby Svoboda develops and defends a Kantian environmental virtue ethic, challenging the widely-held view that Kant's moral philosophy takes an instrumental view toward nature and animals and has little to offer environmental ethics. On the contrary, Svoboda posits that there is good moral reason to care about non-human organisms in their own right and to value their flourishing independently of human interests, since doing so is constitutive of certain virtues. Svoboda argues that Kant’s account of indirect (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  19. A philosophical guide to chance.Toby Handfield - 2012 - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    It is a commonplace that scientific inquiry makes extensive use of probabilities, many of which seem to be objective chances, describing features of reality that are independent of our minds. Such chances appear to have a number of paradoxical or puzzling features: they appear to be mind-independent facts, but they are intimately connected with rational psychology; they display a temporal asymmetry, but they are supposed to be grounded in physical laws that are time-symmetric; and chances are used to explain and (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   15 citations  
  20. Sulfate Aerosol Geoengineering: The Question of Justice.Toby Svoboda, Klaus Keller, Marlos Goes & Nancy Tuana - 2011 - Public Affairs Quarterly 25 (3):157-180.
    Some authors have called for increased research on various forms of geoengineering as a means to address global climate change. This paper focuses on the question of whether a particular form of geoengineering, namely deploying sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere to counteract some of the effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, would be a just response to climate change. In particular, we examine problems sulfate aerosol geoengineering (SAG) faces in meeting the requirements of distributive, intergenerational, and procedural justice. We argue (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   35 citations  
  21.  72
    (1 other version)Can parts cause their wholes?Toby Friend - 2018 - Synthese:1-22.
    Part–whole causation (PWC) is the thesis that some causes are part of their effects. PWC has been objected to because of its incompatibility with the criterion that causes not be spatially included within their effects and the criterion that causes and effects are ontologically distinct in some sense. This paper serves to undermine the sufficiency of these ways of objecting to PWC by showing that for each criterion either cause-effect relationships need not satisfy it or part–whole relationships can. A case-study (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  22. Causal decision theory’s predetermination problem.Toby Charles Penhallurick Solomon - 2021 - Synthese 198 (6):5623-5654.
    It has often been noted that there is some tension between engaging in decision-making and believing that one’s choices might be predetermined. The possibility that our choices are predetermined forces us to consider, in our decisions, act-state pairs which are inconsistent, and hence to which we cannot assign sensible utilities. But the reasoning which justifies two-boxing in Newcomb’s problem also justifies associating a non-zero causal probability with these inconsistent act-state pairs. Put together these undefined utilities and non-zero probabilities entail that (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  23.  65
    Relationships between implicit and explicit uncertainty monitoring and mindreading: Evidence from autism spectrum disorder.Toby Nicholson, David M. Williams, Catherine Grainger, Sophie E. Lind & Peter Carruthers - 2019 - Consciousness and Cognition 70:11-24.
  24.  35
    Silence in Shamatha, Transcendental, and Stillness Meditation: An Evidence Synthesis Based on Expert Texts.Toby J. Woods, Jennifer M. Windt & Olivia Carter - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11:543693.
    Shamatha, Transcendental, and Stillness Meditation are said to aim for “contentless” experiences, where mental content such as thoughts, perceptions, and mental images is absent. Silence is understood to be a central feature of those experiences. The main source of information about the experiences is texts by experts from within the three traditions. Previous research has tended not to use an explicit scientific method for selecting and reviewing expert texts on meditation. We have identified evidence synthesis as a robust and transparent (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  25.  38
    Employee Entitlement, Engagement, and Performance: The Moderating Effect of Ethical Leadership.Toby Joplin, Rebecca L. Greenbaum, J. Craig Wallace & Bryan D. Edwards - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 168 (4):813-826.
    Drawing on theoretical arguments from the psychology discipline, we investigate the implications of employee entitlement in organizational settings. Specifically, we utilize workplace engagement theory to suggest that due to their skewed sense of deservingness, employees high in entitlement are less likely to experience workplace engagement. Furthermore, the negative relationship between employee entitlement and workplace engagement is strengthened when ethical leadership is low, yet mitigated when ethical leadership is high. Finally, we predict that under conditions of low ethical leadership, reductions in (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  26. Intra-Group Epistemic Injustice.Abraham Tobi - 2023 - Social Epistemology 37 (6):798-809.
    When an agent suffers in their capacity as a knower, they are a victim of epistemic injustice. Varieties of epistemic injustices have been theorised. A salient feature across these theories is that perpetrators and victims of epistemic injustice belong to different social groups. In this paper, I argue for a form of epistemic injustice that could occur between members of the same social group. This is a form of epistemic injustice where the knower is first a victim of historical and (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  27.  24
    Dependencies in evidential reports: The case for informational advantages.Toby D. Pilditch, Ulrike Hahn, Norman Fenton & David Lagnado - 2020 - Cognition 204 (C):104343.
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  28. Rational Choice and the Transitivity of Betterness.Toby Handfield - 2014 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 89 (3):584-604.
    If A is better than B and B is better than C, then A is better than C, right? Larry Temkin and Stuart Rachels say: No! Betterness is nontransitive, they claim. In this paper, I discuss the central type of argument advanced by Temkin and Rachels for this radical idea, and argue that, given this view very likely has sceptical implications for practical reason, we would do well to identify alternative responses. I propose one such response, which employs the idea (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   16 citations  
  29. Towards A Plausible Account of Epistemic Decolonisation.Abraham T. Tobi - 2020 - Philosophical Papers 49 (2):253-278.
    Why should we decolonise knowledge? One popular rationale is that colonialism has set up a single perspective as epistemically authoritative over many equally legitimate ones, and this is a form of...
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  30.  39
    The doctor, his patient, and the computerized evidence‐based guideline.Toby Lipman - 2004 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 10 (2):163-176.
  31.  27
    Intervening on time derivatives.Toby Friend - 2021 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 89:74-83.
  32. The cultures of eighteenth-century Irish towns.Toby Barnard - 2002 - In Barnard Toby, Provincial Towns in Early Modern England and Ireland: Change, Convergence and Divergence. pp. 195-222.
    No categories
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  33.  6
    Utopias and Architecture.Toby Barnard - 2007 - Utopian Studies 18 (1):88-90.
  34.  39
    Democratic silence: two forms of domination in the social contract tradition.Toby Rollo - 2021 - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 24 (3):316-329.
    The social contract tradition has been critiqued for harboring ‘domination contracts’ that exclude women, people of color, people with disabilities, and others from political life. In this article, I build on these critical analyses to argue that the liberal ideal of the reasoning and speaking citizen entails the anti-democratic disqualification of ‘silent’ citizens such as young children and many peoples with intellectual disabilities. The liberal veneration of voice and the corollary vilification of silence represent the internal logic of all domination (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  35. Incommensurability and vagueness in spectrum arguments: options for saving transitivity of betterness.Toby Handfield & Wlodek Rabinowicz - 2018 - Philosophical Studies 175 (9):2373-2387.
    The spectrum argument purports to show that the better-than relation is not transitive, and consequently that orthodox value theory is built on dubious foundations. The argument works by constructing a sequence of increasingly less painful but more drawn-out experiences, such that each experience in the spectrum is worse than the previous one, yet the final experience is better than the experience with which the spectrum began. Hence the betterness relation admits cycles, threatening either transitivity or asymmetry of the relation. This (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   16 citations  
  36. Dispositions and Powers.Toby Friend & Samuel Kimpton-Nye - 2023 - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Edited by Tuomas E. Tahko.
    As we understand them, dispositions are relatively uncontroversial 'predicatory' properties had by objects disposed in certain ways. By contrast, powers are hypothetical 'ontic' properties posited in order to explain dispositional behaviour. Chapter 1 outlines this distinction in more detail. Chapter 2 offers a summary of the issues surrounding analysis of dispositions and various strategies in contemporary literature to address them, including one of our own. Chapter 3 describes some of the important questions facing the metaphysics of powers including why they're (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  37. Duties Regarding Nature: A Kantian Approach to Environmental Ethics.Toby Svoboda - 2012 - Kant Yearbook 4 (1):143-163.
    Many philosophers have objected to Kant’s account of duties regarding non-human nature, arguing that it does not ground adequate moral concern for non-human natural entities. However, the traditional interpretation of Kant on this issue is mistaken, because it takes him to be arguing merely that humans should abstain from animal cruelty and wanton destruction of flora solely because such actions could make one more likely to violate one’s duties to human beings. Instead, I argue, Kant’s account of duties regarding nature (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  38. Appreciative Silencing in Communicative Exchange.Abraham Tobi - 2024 - Episteme 21 (2).
    Instances of epistemic injustice elicit resistance, anger, despair, frustration or cognate emotional responses from their victims. This sort of response to the epistemic injustices that accompanied historical systems of oppression such as colonialism, for example, is normal. However, if their victims have internalised these oppressive situations, we could get the counterintuitive response of appreciation. In this paper, I argue for the phenomenon of appreciative silencing to make sense of instances like this. This is a form of epistemic silencing that happens (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  39. The scourge: Moral implications of natural embryo loss.Toby Ord - 2008 - American Journal of Bioethics 8 (7):12 – 19.
    It is often claimed that from the moment of conception embryos have the same moral status as adult humans. This claim plays a central role in many arguments against abortion, in vitro fertilization, and stem cell research. In what follows, I show that this claim leads directly to an unexpected and unwelcome conclusion: that natural embryo loss is one of the greatest problems of our time and that we must do almost everything in our power to prevent it. I examine (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   54 citations  
  40. Counterlegals and Necessary Laws.Toby Handfield - 2004 - Philosophical Quarterly 54 (216):402 - 419.
    Necessitarian accounts of the laws of nature meet an apparent difficulty: for them, counterlegal conditionals, despite appearing to be substantive, seem to come out as vacuous. I argue that the necessitarian may use the presuppositions of counterlegal discourse to explain this. If the typical presupposition that necessitarianism is false is made explicit in counterlegal utterances, we obtain sentences such as 'If it turns out that the laws of nature are contingent, then if the laws had been otherwise, then such and (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   17 citations  
  41. Unfinkable dispositions.Toby Handfield - 2008 - Synthese 160 (2):297 - 308.
    This paper develops two ideas with respect to dispositional properties: (1) Adapting a suggestion of Sungho Choi, it appears the conceptual distinction between dispositional and categorical properties can be drawn in terms of susceptibility to finks and antidotes. Dispositional, but not categorical properties, are not susceptible to intrinsic finks, nor are they remediable by intrinsic antidotes. (2) If correct, this suggests the possibility that some dispositions—those which lack any causal basis—may be insusceptible to any fink or antidote. Since finks and (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   33 citations  
  42. Genealogical Explanations of Chance and Morals.Toby Handfield - 2016 - In Uri D. Leibowitz & Neil Sinclair, Explanation in Ethics and Mathematics: Debunking and Dispensability. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press UK.
    Objective chance and morality are rarely discussed together. In this paper, I argue that there is a surprising similarity in the epistemic standing of our beliefs about both objective chance and objective morality. The key similarity is that both of these sorts of belief are undermined -- in a limited, but important way -- by plausible genealogical accounts of the concepts that feature in these beliefs. The paper presents a brief account of Richard Joyce's evolutionary hypothesis of the genealogy of (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  43. The perils of protection: vulnerability and women in clinical research.Toby Schonfeld - 2013 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 34 (3):189-206.
    Subpart B of 45 Code of Federal Regulations Part 46 (CFR) identifies the criteria according to which research involving pregnant women, human fetuses, and neonates can be conducted ethically in the United States. As such, pregnant women and fetuses fall into a category requiring “additional protections,” often referred to as “vulnerable populations.” The CFR does not define vulnerability, but merely gives examples of vulnerable groups by pointing to different categories of potential research subjects needing additional protections. In this paper, I (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  44. Naive Infinitism: The Case for an Inconsistency Approach to Infinite Collections.Toby Meadows - 2015 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 56 (1):191-212.
    This paper expands upon a way in which we might rationally doubt that there are multiple sizes of infinity. The argument draws its inspiration from recent work in the philosophy of truth and philosophy of set theory. More specifically, elements of contextualist theories of truth and multiverse accounts of set theory are brought together in an effort to make sense of Cantor’s troubling theorem. The resultant theory provides an alternative philosophical perspective on the transfinite, but has limited impact on everyday (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   11 citations  
  45.  87
    Fixed Points for Consequence Relations.Toby Meadows - unknown
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   13 citations  
  46.  16
    New teachers need access to powerful educational knowledge.Toby Marshall - 2014 - British Journal of Educational Studies 62 (3):265-279.
  47. Els fets negatius en el "Tractatus Logico-Philosphicus".Tobies Grimaltos Mascaros - 1992 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 7 (1-3):847-858.
  48.  45
    Did they talk their way out of Africa?Toby M. Pearce - 2003 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26 (2):235-236.
    Corballis suggests that fully vocal communication was invented by modern humans between 170,000 and 50,000 years ago. Because this new form of communication did not require hand gestures, he wondered whether this may have facilitated the development of lithic manufacture. I cast doubt on this interesting notion but offer an enhanced version that may have more potential.
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  49.  62
    A Philosophical Case for Ecological Pessimism.Toby Svoboda - 2025 - New York: Routledge.
    Our current ecological crisis—featuring problems such as climate change, ocean acidification, and mass extinction—raises various moral issues, including a high probability of injustice and massive harm. This book defends a position called ecological pessimism, an attitude whose core feature is the belief that ecological catastrophe is likely to occur in the future. -/- The author’s defense of ecological pessimism has two components. First, he makes the case that the relevant ecological facts about our world make ecological pessimism a reasonable, and (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  50.  7
    Aldous Huxley: A Biography.Toby Widdicombe - 2005 - Utopian Studies 16 (2):290-294.
1 — 50 / 970