In this paper, a mathematical model was used to evaluate a dynamical hybrid system for optimizing and controlling the efficacy of plant-based protein in aquafeeds. Fishmeal, raw rapeseed meal, and a fermented meal with yeast and fungi were used as test ingredients for the determination of apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, energy, and essential amino acids for olive flounder using diets containing 0.5% Cr2O3 as an inert indicator. Among all ingredients tested, FM had the maximum (...) ADC of dry matter, and energy. Fermented meals showed higher ADC. Amino acid digestibility reflects protein digestibility in most cases. Interestingly, protease, lipase, and amylase activities were better expressed in RM-Koji, RM-Yeast, and FM over RM, respectively. The current results deliver important information on nutrients and energy bioavailability in raw and fermented RM, which can be implemented to accurately formulate applied feeds for olive flounder. Compared with other applicable systems, the complexity of the approach implemented has been considerably reduced. (shrink)

On ne peut pas dénoncer " la société de consommation " sans se référer aux analyses de Jean Baudrillard (1929-2007). Le démontage de la publicité et la mise en lumière de son omniprésence manipulatrice sont au coeur de son premier grand livre. La décroissance, qui implique de s'extraire de la religion de la croissance et de l'économie, trouve aussi, dans un autre de ses livres majeurs, L'économie politique du signe, les arguments pour déconstruire la prétention de l'économie à dire le (...) réel. Baudrillard résiste pourtant à l'appropriation pure et simple dans une perspective de transformation sociale. Car si sa critique du système touche juste, les conclusions qu'il en tire sont si radicales qu'elles tendent à neutraliser l'action. L'entretien totalement inédit que nous publions à la suite de l'analyse détaillée de Serge Latouche éclaire ainsi la singularité et la dualité de cette figure, dont l'oeuvre toute entière tourne finalement autour du désenchantement mélancolique de la modernité, entre révolte rentrée et subversion ironique. (shrink)

Various four- and three-valued modal propositional logics are studied. The basic systems are modal extensions BK and BS4 of Belnap and Dunn's four-valued logic of firstdegree entailment. Three-valued extensions of BK and BS4 are considered as well. These logics are introduced semantically by means of relational models with two distinct evaluation relations, one for verification and the other for falsification. Axiom systems are defined and shown to be sound and complete with respect to the relational semantics and with respect to (...) twist structures over modal algebras. Sound and complete tableau calculi are presented as well. Moreover, a number of constructive non-modal logics with strong negation are faithfully embedded into BS4, into its three-valued extension B3S4, or into temporal BS4, BtS4. These logics include David Nelson's three-valued logic N3, the four-valued logic N4 bottom, the connexive logic C, and several extensions of bi-intuitionistic logic by strong negation. (shrink)

A far-reaching reinterpretation of Plato’s Timaeus and its engagement with time, eternity, body, and soul that in its original French edition profoundly influenced Derrida The Tomb of the Artisan God provides a radical rereading of Timaeus, Plato’s metaphysical text on time, eternity, and the relationship between soul and body. First published in French in 1995, the original edition of Serge Margel’s book included an extensive introductory essay by Jacques Derrida, who drew on Margel’s insights in developing his own concepts (...) of time, the promise, the world, and khōra. Now available in English with a new preface by Margel, this engagement with Platonic thought proceeds from two questions that span the history of philosophy: What is time? What is the body? Margel’s twinned interrogation centers around Plato’s concept of the demiurge (divine artisan or craftsman): its body, its anthropomorphic attributes, its productive capacities and regulatory functions in the ordering/organization/assembling of the world. He posits that this paradoxical figure is not merely a cosmological metaphor for the living body but also the site of its destruction, dissolution, and disappearance. Torn between the finite and the infinite, being and becoming, the concept of demiurge also poses metaphysical questions about time, time before time, and the end of time. The ontological status of the demiurge’s body, Margel argues, would become increasingly decisive in the history of philosophy, particularly in Christianity and the dogma of incarnation. (shrink)

This first book in English by Serge-Christophe Kolm provides an overview of his far-reaching vision of distributive justice. Kolm derives justice from considerations of rationality.

Ronald Dworkin, né en 1931, est actuellement Professor of Jurisprudence à l’Université d’Oxford et Professor of Law à l’Université de New York. Après des études à Harvard College, à l’Université d’Oxford et à la Harvard Law School, il occupe le poste d’assistant auprès du juge Learned Hand, puis se..

While attention to research integrity has been growing over the past decades, the processes of signalling and denouncing cases of research misconduct remain largely unstudied. In this article, we develop a theoretically and empirically informed understanding of the causes and consequences of reporting research misconduct in terms of power relations. We study the reporting process based on a multinational survey at eight European universities. Using qualitative data that witnesses of research misconduct or of questionable research practices provided, we aim to (...) examine actors’ rationales for reporting and not reporting misconduct, how they report it and the perceived consequences of reporting. In particular we study how research seniority, the temporality of work appointments, and gender could impact the likelihood of cases being reported and of reporting leading to constructive organisational changes. Our findings suggest that these aspects of power relations play a role in the reporting of research misconduct. Our analysis contributes to a better understanding of research misconduct in an academic context. Specifically, we elucidate the processes that affect researchers’ ability and willingness to report research misconduct, and the likelihood of universities taking action. Based on our findings, we outline specific propositions that future research can test as well as provide recommendations for policy improvement. (shrink)

According to Minstrumentalize” this framework to propose an evolutionary basis for the existence of a biological resilience to drug addiction in people.

Richard Rorty was one of the most committed and respected critics of the distinction between philosophy and literature. He urged philosophers to adapt an ironist stance, characterized by a double commitment to historicism and nominalism, thereby simultaneously abandoning their inveterate representationalism as well as their predilection for hypostasizing abstract concepts. The ensuing return to the individual and contingent was also supposed to facilitate the absorption of philosophy into the realm of literature proper. This brief essay focuses on some aspects of (...) the relationship between philosophy, literature, and history, highlighting thereby the role that theorizing of an abstract kind plays in the construction of fictional worlds—marking out a territory within the crafting of literature itself that draws on the non-nominalist mode of discourse usually favored by philosophers. (shrink)

La société néolibérale prône une autonomisation de la personne et une libéralisation de celle-ci dont témoigneraient ses actes, ses performances et ses comportements. Pour cela elle a intégré les découvertes de la psychanalyse et de l’aliénation du sujet pour prôner une libéralisation de celui-ci, amenant aux techniques modernes de coaching et d’aide qui, en leur fond, réfèrent à la vieille technique de l’aveu. La psychanalyse s’oppose à cette conception d’un sujet réifié dans ses actes, pour concevoir celui-ci comme un être, (...) certes tout aussi déterminé par son environnement, mais en perpétuelle création, un sujet toujours en devenir. Entre ces deux options se pose un choix éthique que chacun doit trancher pour lui-même. (shrink)

The accent of Greek orthotonic words was mobile with limited freedom of movement, i.e. it could not stand outside a definite zone at the end of the word. Had the limit of this zone been the same for all words and had the accent been allowed to stand anywhere within it , there would have been no problem. Unfortunately, the length of the accentuable zone did vary whatever the unit we use and there was a place within it where the (...) accent was prohibited . Hence the problem of explaining these ‘irregularities’. (shrink)

We provide a translation of Binet and Henri’s pioneering 1894 paper on the influence of suggestibility on memory. Alfred Binet is famous as the author who created the IQ test that bears his name, but he is almost unknown as the psychological investigator who generated numerous original experiments and fascinating results in the study of memory. His experiments published in 1894 manipulated suggestibility in several ways to determine effects on remembering. Three particular modes of suggestion were employed to induce false (...) recognitions: indirect suggestion by a preconceived idea; direct suggestion; and collective suggestion. In the commentary we suggest that Binet and Henri’s paper written over 115 years ago is still highly relevant even today. In particular, Binet’s legacy lives on in modern research on misinformation effects in memory, in studies of conformity, and in experiments on the social contagion of memory. (shrink)

This paper investigates the semantic bases of class membership in the noun class system of Gújjolaay Eegimaa (Eegimaa henceforth), a Niger-Congo and Atlantic language of the BAK group spoken in Southern Senegal. The question of whether semantic principles underlie the overt classification of nouns in Niger-Congo languages is a controversial one. There is a common perception of Niger-Congo noun class systems as being mainly semantically arbitrary. The goal of the present paper is to show that physical properties and culture-specific factors (...) are central principles of semantic categorisation in the Eegimaa noun class system. I argue that the Eegimaa overt grammatical classification of nouns into classes is a semantic categorisation system whereby categories are structured according to prototypicality, family resemblance, metaphorical and metonymic extensions and chaining processes, as argued within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. I show that the categorisation of entities in the Eegimaa nominal classification system productively makes use of physical properties such as shape as well as using culture-specific, less productive parameters for the semantic categorisation of entities denoted by nouns. The analysis proposed here also shows that the cases of multiple morphosyntactic classifications of nouns reflect multiple conceptual categorisation strategies. A detailed examination of the formal and semantic instances of multiple classification reveals the existence of conceptual correlations between the physical properties and the culture-specific semantic parameters of categorisation used in the Eegimaa noun class system. (shrink)

"Advances in Psychology Research" presents original research results on the leading edge of psychology.

This paper presents a review of studies that were aimed at determining which brain regions are recruited during visual self-recognition, with a particular focus on self-face recognition. A complex bilateral network, involving frontal, parietal and occipital areas, appears to be associated with self-face recognition, with a particularly high implication of the right hemisphere. Results indicate that it remains difficult to determine which specific cognitive operation is reflected by each recruited brain area, in part due to the variability of used control (...) stimuli and experimental tasks. A synthesis of the interpretations provided by previous studies is presented. The relevance of using self-recognition as an indicator of self-awareness is discussed. We argue that a major aim of future research in the field should be to identify more clearly the cognitive operations induced by the perception of the self-face, and search for dissociations between neural correlates and cognitive components. (shrink)

During the last decades, the psychology of reasoning has identified experimentally many fallacies committed by spontaneous reasoners. Given these experimental results, some theories have been developed about this phenomenon, mainly algorithmic theories. This paper develops instead a computational modelling of these current fallacies which appear as simplifications in the treatment of information that do not respect the formal rules of classical propositional logic. These fallacies are explained as crushes in the Klein group structure and so, in squares of opposition. These (...) crushes are an effect of not to take into account the dual of the binary operator at work in the major premise of the inference. This analysis allows predictions on fallacies not identified before, which are fallacies produced when reasoning with incompatibilities. The paper concludes with consequences of the analysis on pedagogical strategies for the teaching of logic. (shrink)

Veteran professional photographer Serge Timacheff walks you through the features of the Canon EOS DSLR camera; selecting, understanding, and using lenses and accessories; and caring for your equipment. You'll also get professional insight into protecting your gear and building your skill set. Once you understand how to build a photography system that meets your needs and discover which filters and accessories are best for you, you can begin to embrace all the Canon EOS camera system has to offer. Note: (...) CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file. (shrink)

Dans L'illusion philosophique, son tout premier livre paru en 1936, Jeanne Hersch retrace les principales étapes de l'histoire de la philosophie occidentale selon l'hypothèse de la destruction progressive et nécessaire par la philosophie de sa propre illusion fondatrice. Je propose d'élargir cette perspective en montant que l'inhérence de l'illusion à la spéculation philosophique tient au rôle primordial qu'y joue l'imagination symbolique, dont le refoulement par la pensée directe, pour laquelle opta graduellement l'Occident, sous-tend et scande l'histoire de la destruction de (...) l'illusion philoso- phique. Cette enquête m'achemine à la philosophie kantienne qui, en même temps qu'elle accomplit la dernière étape de cette histoire, en appelle cependant, notamment dans la Critique de la Faculté de Juger, à une réhabilitation philosophique du symbolisme, dont Kant semble avoir attendu, à la fin, une représentation de ce qui répondrait à la question : « Was darf ich hoffen ? ».In her very first book L'Illusion philosophique, published in 1936, Jeanne Hersch outlines the different periods of the history of western philosophy from the point of view of the progressive and inevitable destruction of its own fundamental illusion. I propose to extend this view by showing that illusion is ingrained in philosophical speculation because symbolical imagination is a fundamental function therein. Repression of imagination by rational thought, for which western learned culture gradually opted, underlies the history of the undoing of philosophical illusion. The inquiry leads me into Kantian philosophy. Criticism achieves the last step of the historical process of this destruction, but it also calls for a philosophical rehabilitation of symbolism, especially in the Critique of Judgment. Finally, Kant seems to have expected symbolism to give a representation of the answer to his question : " Was darf ich hoffen ? ". (shrink)

Prenant le contre-pied de l'opinion généralement admise concernant l'anthropologie marxienne, Louis Dumont (dans son ouvrage Homo JEqualis. Genèse et épanouissement de l'idéologie économique} désigne celle-ci comme l'expression la plus achevée de l'idéologie individualiste moderne. Cet article examine les principaux arguments à l'appui de cette interprétation et s'interroge sur sa capacité à éclairer l'enjeu que recèle la conception marxienne de l'homme. Je me propose de montrer que l'opposition rigoureuse entre holisme et individualisme dans laquelle s'enferme la lecture dumontienne laisse échapper cet (...) enjeu, que seule une juste appréhension du naturalisme marxien est, selon moi, en mesure de révéler. Le texte se divise en trois parties. La première expose les grandes lignes de la théorie dumontienne de l'idéologie moderne et attire l'attention sur les deux difficultés épistémologiques majeures auxquelles se heurte l'application de cette théorie à Marx. La seconde partie montre en quoi le naturalisme conséquent de Marx suppose le rejet et le dépassement de l'alternative holisme/individualisme. Dans la troisième partie, enfin, je m'efforce de poser quelques jalons en vue d'une recherche qui prendrait pour thème l'individualisme social de Marx.Challenging what is widely taught and believed to be the case about Marx's anthropology, Louis Dumont (in his book From Mandeville to Marx. The Genesis and Triumph of Economic Ideology} identifies it as the ultimate achievement of the modern individualist ideology. This paper looks at the main arguments of this interpretation and questions about its capacity of focusing on what is really at stake in the Marxian conception of man. I shall argue that Marx's naturalism invalidates the over-rigid opposition between holism and individualism within which Dumont imprisons Marx. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part deals with Dumont's theory of modern Ideology which supports and informs his interpretation of Marx; it focuses on two major epistemological difficulties inherent in the application of this theory to Marx. The second part shows how the naturalism of Marx makes the principle of an opposition between holism and individualism irrelevant. In the third part, I confine myself to a brief outline of a research to be done into Marx's social individualism. (shrink)

L’accueil familial de la protection de l’enfant traverse une crise importante. Comprendre cette crise passe par l’analyse critique du dispositif d’Aide sociale à l’enfance dans lequel s’inscrit l’accueil familial. Les évolutions du métier d’assistant familial ont déstabilisé le dispositif lorsqu’elles n’ont pas été accompagnées par des transformations des organisations et des pratiques. La loi de 2016 qui réoriente la protection de l’enfance sur les besoins de l’enfant est une opportunité pour l’accueil familial. À partir de l’analyse critique des pratiques en (...) protection de l’enfance, cet article propose les concepts de pourvoyance des besoins de l’enfant, de parentalité empêchée et de développement du pouvoir être parent pour penser les pratiques de l’accueil familial d’enfant. (shrink)

Quantum cryptography makes use of the quantum-mechanical behavior of nature for the design and analysis of cryptographic schemes. Optimally (but not always), quantum cryptography allows for the design of cryptographic schemes whose security is guaranteed solely by the laws of nature. This is in sharp contrast to standard cryptographic schemes, which can be broken in principle, i.e., when given sufficient computing power. From a theory point of view, quantum cryptography offers a beautiful interplay between the mathematics of adversarial behavior and (...) quantum information theory. In this review article, we discuss the traditional application of quantum cryptography, quantum key distribution (QKD), from a modern perspective, and we discuss some recent developments in the context of quantum two-party cooperation (2PC). QKD allows two distant parties to communicate in a provably-secure way in the presence of an outside eavesdropper, whereas 2PC is concerned with protecting information against possibly malicious insiders. We show the basic idea of constructing quantum cryptographic schemes, but we also show some connections to quantum information theory as needed for the rigorous security analyses, and we discuss some of the relevant quantum-information-theoretic results. (shrink)