Results for 'Relaxation'

977 found
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  1.  74
    Relaxed realism, robust realism, and the truthmaker challenge.Paiman Karimi - 2024 - Ratio 37 (2-3):134-144.
    Relaxed realist theories are becoming more common in metanormative theory. They want the advantages of robust forms of realism but without their metaphysical underpinnings. However, it is not always clear how we should understand relaxed realist theories in general. In this paper I clarify and defend relaxed realism. First, I characterise and distinguish relaxed realist theories from robust realist theories. Second, I defend relaxed realism against a challenge from truthmaker theory.
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  2. Relaxing about Moral Truths.Christine Tiefensee - 2019 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 6:869-890.
    As with all other moral realists, so-called relaxed moral realists believe that there are moral truths. Unlike metaphysical moral realists, they do not take themselves to be defending a substantively metaphysical position when espousing this view, but to be putting forward a moral thesis from within moral discourse. In this paper, I employ minimalism about truth to examine whether or not there is a semantic analysis of the claim ‘There are moral truths’ which can support this moral interpretation of one (...)
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  3. Relax? Don’t Do It! Why Moral Realism Won't Come Cheap.Sarah McGrath - 2014 - Oxford Studies in Metaethics 9.
    Relaxed realists hold that there are deep differences between moral truths and the truths studied by the empirical sciences, but they deny that these differences raise troubling metaphysical or epistemological questions about moral truths. On this view, although features such as causal inefficacy, perceptual inaccessibility, and failure to figure in the best explanations of our empirical beliefs would raise pressing skeptical concerns were they claimed to characterize some aspect of physical reality, the same is not true when it comes to (...)
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  4.  20
    Relaxation‐expansion model for self‐driven retinal morphogenesis.Mototsugu Eiraku, Taiji Adachi & Yoshiki Sasai - 2012 - Bioessays 34 (1):17-25.
    The generation of complex organ structures such as the eye requires the intricate orchestration of multiple cellular interactions. In this paper, early retinal development is discussed with respect to the structure formation of the optic cup. Although recent studies have elucidated molecular mechanisms of retinal differentiation, little is known about how the unique shape of the optic cup is determined. A recent report has demonstrated that optic‐cup morphogenesis spontaneously occurs in three‐dimensional stem‐cell culture without external forces, indicating a latent intrinsic (...)
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  5. Relaxing a Tension in Adam Smith's Account of Sympathy.John W. McHugh - 2011 - Journal of Scottish Philosophy 9 (2):189-204.
    This paper attempts to relax the tension between Adam Smith's claim that sympathy involves an evaluative act of imaginative projection and his claim that sympathy involves a non-evaluative act of imaginative identification. The first section locates the tension specifically in the two different ways Smith depicts the stance adopted by the sympathizer. The second section argues that we can relax this tension by finding an important role for a non-evaluative stance in Smith's normative account of moral evaluation. This solution protects (...)
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  6.  29
    Relaxed Financial Constraints and Corporate Social Responsibility.Najah Attig - 2023 - Journal of Business Ethics 189 (1):111-131.
    This study fills an important gap in the literature by providing causal evidence of the impact of relaxing financial constraints on corporate social responsibility (CSR). To isolate this causal link, we examine the enactment of anti-recharacterization laws in some U.S. states, an exogenous shock that has strengthened creditor rights and eased financial constraints of the treated firms. Our difference-in-difference analysis suggests that relaxing financial constraints leads to higher CSR. This evidence is more pronounced in financially constrained firms, firms with more (...)
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  7. Relaxing Realism or Deferring Debate?Michael Ridge - 2019 - Journal of Philosophy 116 (3):149-173.
    In this paper I argue that so-called “Relaxed Realism” of the sort defended by T. M. Scanlon fails on its own terms by failing to distinguish itself from its putative rivals—in particular, from Quasi-Realism. On a whole host of questions, Relaxed Realism and Quasi-Realism give exactly the same answers, and these answers make up much of the core of the view. Scanlon offers three possible points of contrast, each of which I argue is not fit for purpose. Along the way (...)
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  8. Relaxing Mask Mandates in New Jersey: A Tale of Two Universities.Wesley J. Park - 2022 - Voices in Bioethics 8.
    The ethical question is whether university mask mandates should be relaxed. I argue that the use of face masks by healthy individuals has uncertain benefits, which potential harms may outweigh, and should therefore be voluntary. Systematic reviews by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections concluded that the use of face masks by healthy individuals in the community lacks effectiveness in reducing viral transmission based on moderate-quality evidence. The only two randomized controlled trials of face masks published (...)
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  9. Is Relaxed Realism a Genuinely Novel View?Paiman Karimi - 2021 - Journal of Philosophy 118 (10):572-584.
    In this paper I argue that relaxed realism can answer questions about normative language and thought without collapsing into one of the familiar views in the literature or becoming implausible. More specifically, contrary to Michael Ridge, I argue that relaxed realists can use an inferentialist approach to metasemantics without their view collapsing into naturalism or quasi-realism. The inferentialist account that I propose is that the role of normative expressions involves language-entry transitions construed as rational intuitions and language-exit transitions explained in (...)
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  10.  21
    Cooperative relaxation of supercoils and periodic transcriptional initiation within polymerase batteries.Purnananda Guptasarma - 1996 - Bioessays 18 (4):325-332.
    Transcription and DNA supercoiling are known to be linked by a cause‐effect relationship that operates in both directions. It is proposed here that this two‐way relationship may be exploited by the E. coli genome to facilitate constitutive transcription of supercoil‐sensitive genes by polymerase batteries made up of uniformly spaced RNA polymerase elongation complexes. Specifically, it is argued that (1) polymerases transcribing DNA in tandem cooperate to relax each other's transcription‐driven positive supercoils; and (2) negative supercoils driven upstream by elongation complexes (...)
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  11. Metasemantics for the Relaxed.Christine Tiefensee - 2021 - In Russ Shafer-Landau, Oxford Studies in Metaethics Volume 16. Oxford University Press. pp. 108-133.
    In this paper, I develop a metasemantics for relaxed moral realism. More precisely, I argue that relaxed realists should be inferentialists about meaning and explain that the role of evaluative moral vocabulary is to organise and structure language exit transitions, much as the role of theoretical vocabulary is to organise and structure language entry transitions.
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  12.  24
    Relaxation to Quantum Equilibrium and the Born Rule in Nelson’s Stochastic Dynamics.Vincent Hardel, Paul-Antoine Hervieux & Giovanni Manfredi - 2023 - Foundations of Physics 53 (6):1-28.
    Nelson’s stochastic quantum mechanics provides an ideal arena to test how the Born rule is established from an initial probability distribution that is not identical to the square modulus of the wavefunction. Here, we investigate numerically this problem for three relevant cases: a double-slit interference setup, a harmonic oscillator, and a quantum particle in a uniform gravitational field. For all cases, Nelson’s stochastic trajectories are initially localized at a definite position, thereby violating the Born rule. For the double slit and (...)
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  13.  9
    The relaxed mind: a seven-step method for deepening meditation practice.Kilung Rinpoche - 2015 - Boston: Shambhala.
    An esteemed modern Tibetan Buddhist teacher presents a system of meditation instructions designed for achieving relaxation in our stressful, fast-paced world In the late 1990s, shortly after arriving in the United States, it became clear to Dza Kilung Rinpoche that his Western students responded to traditional meditation instructions differently from his students back in Asia. The Westerners didn't know how to relax—and their pressured, fast-paced lifestyles carried over into meditation. With this in mind, Dza Kilung Rinpoche set out to (...)
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  14. Relaxing Normativity: Essays on Relaxed Approaches to Realism about Normativity.Paiman Karimi - 2023 - Dissertation, University of Gothenburg
    This thesis is concerned with a relaxed form of normative realism. Relaxed realists accept the existence of mind-independent normative truths, properties, and facts, but argue that normative truths do not have truthmakers and that normative properties and facts are not metaphysically robust. The thesis develops relaxed realism by responding to various objections and challenges. The first paper argues that relaxed realists can answer questions about normative language without their theory collapsing into one of the familiar theories in the literature or (...)
     
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  15. I Can't Relax! You're Driving me Quasi!Stephen Ingram - 2017 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 98 (3).
    Robust Realists think that there are irreducible, non-natural, and mind-independent moral properties. Quasi-Realists and Relaxed Realists think the same, but interpret these commitments differently. Robust Realists interpret them as metaphysical commitments, to be defended by metaphysical argument. Quasi-Realists and Relaxed Realists say that they can only be interpreted as moral commitments. These theories thus pose a serious threat to Robust Realism, for they apparently undermine the very possibility of articulating the robust metaphysical commitments of this theory. I clarify and respond (...)
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  16.  39
    Relaxed realism and normative belief: A functionalist account.Paiman Karimi - forthcoming - Philosophical Quarterly.
    I offer an account of normative belief designed specifically for relaxed realists. This proposal not only gives relaxed realists an explicitly robust account of normative belief but also distinguishes their theory from related theories, notably quasi-realist ones. In doing so, it addresses a dilemma raised in the literature against relaxed realist theories.
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  17.  52
    Relaxed Naturalism and Caring About the Truth.Mark McLeod-Harrison - 2012 - Forum Philosophicum: International Journal for Philosophy 17 (1):89-103.
    Can our caring about truth be rooted in “relaxed” naturalism? I argue that it cannot. In order to care about truth we need the universe to be capable of providing non-adventitious good, which relaxed naturalism cannot do. I use Michael Lynch’s work as a springboard to showing this claim.
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  18.  89
    Accessing Kant: a relaxed introduction to the Critique of pure reason.Jay F. Rosenberg - 2005 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Jay Rosenberg introduces Immanuel Kant's masterwork, the Critique of Pure Reason, from a "relaxed" problem-oriented perspective which treats Kant as an especially insightful practicing philosopher, from whom we still have much to learn, intelligently and creatively responding to significant questions that transcend his work's historical setting. Rosenberg's main project is to command a clear view of how Kant understands various perennial problems, how he attempts to resolve them, and to what extent he succeeds. At the same time the book is (...)
  19.  54
    Relaxing non-interference requirements in parallel plans.Miquel Bofill, Joan Espasa & Mateu Villaret - 2021 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 29 (1):45-71.
    The aim of being able to reason about quantities, time or space has been the main objective of the many efforts on the integration of propositional planning with extensions to handle different theories. Planning modulo theories are an approximation inspired by satisfiability modulo theories that generalize the integration of arbitrary theories with propositional planning. Parallel plans are crucial to reduce plan lengths and hence the time needed to reach a feasible plan in many approaches. Parallelization of actions relies on the (...)
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  20.  15
    Constraint relaxation may be perfect.Ugo Montanari & Francesca Rossi - 1991 - Artificial Intelligence 48 (2):143-170.
  21.  20
    Elastic relaxation at a vacancy in solid argon.A. J. E. Foreman - 1963 - Philosophical Magazine 8 (91):1211-1217.
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  22. Meta-Ethical Quietism? Wittgenstein, Relaxed Realism, and Countercultures in Meta-Ethics.Farbod Akhlaghi - forthcoming - In Jonathan Beale & Rach Cosker-Rowland, Wittgenstein and Contemporary Moral Philosophy.
    Ludwig Wittgenstein has often been called a quietist. His work has inspired a rich and varied array of theories in moral philosophy. Some prominent meta-ethicists have also been called quietists, or ‘relaxed’ as opposed to ‘robust’ realists, sometimes with explicit reference to Wittgenstein in attempts to clarify their views. In this chapter, I compare and contrast these groups of theories and draw out their importance for contemporary meta-ethical debate. They represent countercultures to contemporary meta-ethics. That is, they reject in different (...)
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  23.  47
    A Positively Relaxed Take on Naturalism: Reasons to be Relaxed but not too Liberal.Daniel D. Hutto - 2023 - Topoi 42 (3):753-765.
    Relaxed naturalism and liberal naturalism both invite us to adopt a philosophy of nature that includes a range of non-scientific phenomena in its inventory while nevertheless keeping the supernatural at bay. This paper considers the question of how relaxed naturalism relates to liberal naturalism and what refinements are required if they are to succeed in their joint cause of developing a tenable alternative to scientific naturalism. Particular attention is given to what might be added to the naturalist’s toolbox when it (...)
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  24. Supervenience arguments under relaxed assumptions.Johannes Schmitt & Mark Schroeder - 2011 - Philosophical Studies 155 (1):133 - 160.
    When it comes to evaluating reductive hypotheses in metaphysics, supervenience arguments are the tools of the trade. Jaegwon Kim and Frank Jackson have argued, respectively, that strong and global supervenience are sufficient for reduction, and others have argued that supervenience theses stand in need of the kind of explanation that reductive hypotheses are particularly suited to provide. Simon Blackburn's arguments about what he claims are the specifically problematic features of the supervenience of the moral on the natural have also been (...)
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  25.  48
    Relaxed fuzzy observer-based output feedback control synthesis of discrete-time nonlinear control systems.Hongxia Yu, Xiangpeng Xie, Jiawei Zhang, Donghong Ning & Yuan-Wei Jing - 2016 - Complexity 21 (S1):593-601.
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  26.  33
    Stress relaxation and dynamic recovery in cobalt at low temperatures.P. Feltham - 1963 - Philosophical Magazine 8 (90):989-996.
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  27.  21
    Stress relaxation in alpha-iron at low temperatures.P. Feltham - 1961 - Philosophical Magazine 6 (67):847-850.
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  28.  64
    Internalists Relax: We Can’t All Be Amoralists!Michael Ridge - 2019 - Philosophia 47 (3):845-850.
    In “Internalists Beware – We Might All Be Amoralists!” Gunnar Björnsson and Ragnar Francén Olinder [henceforth B&O] offer an original objection to motivational internalism, which promises to move the debate beyond the seeming stalemate between externalists and internalists. The main idea behind this objection is that to pose a challenge to internalists, amoralists need not fail to be motivated to do the right thing – they might reliably be motivated to do the right thing for the wrong reasons. Moreover, we (...)
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  29.  39
    Ethics of a relaxed antidoping rule accompanied by harm-reduction measures.Bengt Kayser & Jan Tolleneer - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (5):282-286.
    Harm-reduction approaches are used to reduce the burden of risky human behaviour without necessarily aiming to stop the behaviour. We discuss what an introduction of harm reduction for doping in sports would mean in parallel with a relaxation of the antidoping rule. We analyse what is ethically at stake in the following five levels: (1) What would it mean for the athlete (the self)? (2) How would it impact other athletes (the other)? (3) How would it affect the phenomenon (...)
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  30.  30
    Relaxing into Psychiatry.Dominic Murphy - 2009 - Metascience 18 (2):335-338.
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  31.  22
    Bounded rationality for relaxing best response and mutual consistency: the quantal hierarchy model of decision making.Benjamin Patrick Evans & Mikhail Prokopenko - 2023 - Theory and Decision 96 (1):71-111.
    While game theory has been transformative for decision making, the assumptions made can be overly restrictive in certain instances. In this work, we investigate some of the underlying assumptions of rationality, such as mutual consistency and best response, and consider ways to relax these assumptions using concepts from level-k reasoning and quantal response equilibrium (QRE) respectively. Specifically, we propose an information-theoretic two-parameter model called the quantal hierarchy model, which can relax both mutual consistency and best response while still approximating level-k, (...)
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  32.  18
    Anelastic relaxation peaks in graphites after neutron irradiation at low temperature.D. Rouby, P. F. Gobin & E. Bonjour - 1974 - Philosophical Magazine 29 (5):983-999.
  33. What’s Wrong with Relaxing?Christine Tiefensee - 2019 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 16 (6):725-742.
    In his new book Unbelievable Errors, Bart Streumer argues that there is no way around the result that all metaethical views other than the error theory either fail for the same reasons as metaphysical normative realism, or for the same reasons as expressivism. In this contribution, I seek to show that this is false: We can eschew this result by ‘relaxing’ about normative truths. Even if Streumer were right about the fate of metaphysical normative realism and expressivism, then, relaxed realists (...)
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  34.  34
    Relaxation as a Psi-conducive state.William G. Braud - 1974 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 3 (2):115-118.
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  35.  27
    Fast relaxation in disordered systems: from a double well to a cage.Alexei Sokolov & Vladimir Novikov - 2004 - Philosophical Magazine 84 (13-16):1355-1360.
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  36.  24
    Strain relaxation in the epitaxy of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3grown by pulsed-laser deposition on SrTiO3.J. -L. Maurice††, F. Pailloux‡‡, A. Barthélémy, O. Durand, D. Imhoff, R. Lyonnet, A. Rocher & J. -P. Contour - 2003 - Philosophical Magazine 83 (28):3201-3224.
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  37.  24
    Plastic relaxation of crack tip stresses in α-quartz.H. H. Schlössin - 1965 - Philosophical Magazine 12 (117):467-478.
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  38.  22
    Relaxed stability conditions for continuous-time Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems based on a new upper bound inequality.Tieyan Zhang, Yuan Yu & Yan Zhao - 2016 - Complexity 21 (S2):289-295.
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  39.  50
    Would Relaxation of the Anti-doping Rule Lead to Red Queen Effects?Bengt Kayser & Andreas De Block - 2020 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 15 (3):1-15.
    One of the claims sometimes advanced in favour of anti-doping is that allowing doping would lead to a uniform increase in performance in comparison to no doping. The idea is that if all athletes wo...
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  40.  48
    Muscle Relaxation of the Foot Reduces Corticospinal Excitability of Hand Muscles and Enhances Intracortical Inhibition.Kouki Kato, Tetsuro Muraoka, Nobuaki Mizuguchi, Kento Nakagawa, Hiroki Nakata & Kazuyuki Kanosue - 2016 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10.
  41.  45
    Winner‐relaxing and winner‐enhancing Kohonen maps: Maximal mutual information from enhancing the winner.Jens Christian Claussen - 2003 - Complexity 8 (4):15-22.
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  42.  39
    Relaxe de l'institutrice accompagnatrice de la sortie dans les gorges du drac : quelle application en responsabilité médicale ?P. B. - 2001 - Médecine et Droit 2001 (50):15-.
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  43.  22
    Dielectric relaxation and ion transport in silver–boro-tellurite glasses.B. Sujatha, C. Narayana Reddy & R. P. S. Chakradhar - 2010 - Philosophical Magazine 90 (19):2635-2650.
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  44.  21
    Dielectric relaxation of Sorbitol revisited.C. Svanberg & R. Bergman - 2007 - Philosophical Magazine 87 (3-5):383-388.
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  45.  15
    Enthalpy relaxation kinetics of Ge20TeSeyfar-infrared glasses in the glass transition range.Roman Svoboda & Jiří Málek - 2016 - Philosophical Magazine 96 (16):1623-1631.
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  46.  21
    Dislocation relaxation in single crystals of silver.B. M. Mecs & A. S. Nowick - 1968 - Philosophical Magazine 17 (147):509-523.
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  47.  18
    Strain relaxation in epitaxial GaAs/Si nanostructures.Roksolana Kozak, Ivan Prieto, Yadira Arroyo Rojas Dasilva, Rolf Erni, Oliver Skibitzki, Giovanni Capellini, Thomas Schroeder, Hans von Känel & Marta D. Rossell - 2017 - Philosophical Magazine 97 (31):2845-2857.
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  48.  21
    Network relaxation as biological computation.Hon C. Kwan, Tet H. Yeap, Donald Barrett & Bai C. Jiang - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (2):354-356.
  49.  85
    Relaxing the Limits on Preferential Treatment.Alison Jaggar - 1977 - Social Theory and Practice 4 (2):227-235.
  50. Parents, relax!Katharine Taylor - 1941 - Iowa City, Iowa,: The University of Iowa press.
     
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