Curso evolutivo -- Anacronismo fehaciente -- La dictadura -- El Estado -- Federalismo -- Evolucion verdadera -- Cataclismo social -- Nuestra labor.

The introduction of a new analytical method, due fundamentally to François Viète and René Descartes and the later dissemination of their works, resulted in a profound change in the way of thinking and doing mathematics. This change, known as process of algebrization, occurred during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries and led to a great transformation in mathematics. Among many other consequences, this process gave rise to the treatment of the results in the classic treatises with the new analytical method, (...) which allowed new visions of such treatises and the obtaining of new results. Among those treatises is the Arithmetic of Diophantus of Alexandria (approx. 200–284) which was written, using the new algebraic language, by the French mathematician Jacques Ozanam (1640–1718), who in addition to profusely increasing the original problems of Diophantus, solved them in a general way, thus obtaining many geometric consequences. The work is handwritten, it has never been published, it has been lost for almost 300 years, and the known references show its importance. We will show that Ozanam’s manuscript was quoted as an important work on several occasions by others mathematicians of the time, among whom G. W. Leibniz stands out. Once the manuscript has been located, our aim in this article is to show and analyze this work of Ozanam, its content, its notation and its structure and how, through the new algebraic method, he not only solved and expanded the questions proposed by Diophantus, but also introduced a connection between the algebraic solutions and what he called geometric determinations by obtaining loci from the solutions. (shrink)

O artigo propõe-se a reconstruir a trajetória de William Hazlitt, procurando mos- trar que sua formação como crítico de arte esteve estreitamente ligada a certos eventos decorrentes da Revolução Francesa. Um elemento nesta direção é representado pela sua visitação, a partir da virada para o século XIX, ao Louvre. Refletindo sobre sua experiência parisiense, o crítico formula a ideia de que a linguagem da pintura almeja uma universali- dade inimaginável no âmbito da política. Com isso, busca-se sugerir a existência (...) de alguma espécie de nexo entre esses dois fenômenos aparentemente desconectados. (shrink)

The first systematic collaboration between cognitive scientists and sports psychologists considers the mind–body relationship from the perspective of athletic skill and sports practice. This landmark work is the first systematic collaboration between cognitive scientists and sports psychologists that considers the mind–body relationship from the perspective of athletic skill and sports practice. With twenty-six chapters by leading researchers, the book connects and integrates findings from fields that range from philosophy of mind to sociology of sports. The chapters show not only that (...) sports can tell scientists how the human mind works but also that the scientific study of the human mind can help athletes succeed. Sports psychology research has always focused on the themes, notions, and models of embodied cognition; embodied cognition, in turn, has found striking confirmation of its theoretical claims in the psychological accounts of sports performance and athletic skill. Athletic skill is a legitimate form of intelligence, involving cognitive faculties no less sophisticated and complex than those required by mathematical problem solving. After presenting the key concepts necessary for applying embodied cognition to sports psychology, the book discusses skill disruption ; sensorimotor skill acquisition and how training correlates to the development of cognitive faculties; the intersubjective and social dimension of sports skills, seen in team sports; sports practice in cultural and societal contexts; the notion of “affordance” and its significance for ecological psychology and embodied cognition theory; and the mind's predictive capabilities, which enable anticipation, creativity, improvisation, and imagination in sports performance. Contributors Ana Maria Abreu, Kenneth Aggerholm, Salvatore Maria Aglioti, Jesús Ilundáin-Agurruza, Duarte Araújo, Jürgen Beckmann, Kath Bicknell, Geoffrey P. Bingham, Jens E. Birch, Gunnar Breivik, Noel E. Brick, Massimiliano L. Cappuccio, Thomas H. Carr, Alberto Cei, Anthony Chemero, Wayne Christensen, Lincoln J. Colling, Cassie Comley, Keith Davids, Matt Dicks, Caren Diehl, Karl Erickson, Anna Esposito, Pedro Tiago Esteves, Mirko Farina, Giolo Fele, Denis Francesconi, Shaun Gallagher, Gowrishankar Ganesh, Raúl Sánchez-García, Rob Gray, Denise M. Hill, Daniel D. Hutto, Tsuyoshi Ikegami, Geir Jordet, Adam Kiefer, Michael Kirchhoff, Kevin Krein, Kenneth Liberman, Tadhg E. MacIntyre, Nelson Mauro Maldonato, David L. Mann, Richard S. W. Masters, Patrick McGivern, Doris McIlwain, Michele Merritt, Christopher Mesagno, Vegard Fusche Moe, Barbara Gail Montero, Aidan P. Moran, David Moreau, Hiroki Nakamoto, Alberto Oliverio, David Papineau, Gert-Jan Pepping, Miriam Reiner, Ian Renshaw, Michael A. Riley, Zuzanna Rucinska, Lawrence Shapiro, Paula Silva, Shannon Spaulding, John Sutton, Phillip D. Tomporowski, John Toner, Andrew D. Wilson, Audrey Yap, Qin Zhu, Christopher Madan. (shrink)

In this paper I assess the adequacy of no-conspiracy conditions employed in the usual derivations of the Bell inequality in the context of EPR correlations. First, I look at the EPR correlations from a purely phenomenological point of view and claim that common cause explanations of these cannot be ruled out. I argue that an appropriate common cause explanation requires that no-conspiracy conditions are re-interpreted as mere common cause-measurement independence conditions. In the right circumstances then, violations of measurement independence need (...) not entail any kind of conspiracy (nor backwards in time causation). To the contrary, if measurement operations in the EPR context are taken to be causally relevant in a specific way to the experiment outcomes, their explicit causal role provides the grounds for a common cause explanation of the corresponding correlations. (shrink)

This paper aims to clarify and defend the distinction by Isaiah Berlin between “negative liberty” on the one hand, and “positive” and “communal liberty” on the other. This distinction has been attacked by those who believe it breaks the necessary harmony with equality or fraternity, virtues that many progressive authors place on the same plane as freedom. Instead of speaking of “negative liberty,” as proposed by Berlin, we propose to call it “classical” or “formal” liberty. In turn, rather than speaking (...) of “positive” liberty, we propose to say “possessive liberty” and “communal liberty.” Thus, Isaiah Berlin should have spoken of three concepts of liberty and have stressed that the latter two may be destructive of the first. Possessive and communal liberty can be significant aspects of a society, but should not be confused with personal liberty. The promotion of possessive and comunal liberty is often accompanied by invasions of formal liberty. (shrink)

Neste livro reúno textos sobre temáticas que têm em comum o facto de se situarem num plano de cruzamento entre o Direito e a Ética. São textos de um jurista que procura ir além da análise do direito positivo e reflectir sobre o sentido mais profundo dos princípios filosóficos e éticos que norteiam o ordenamento jurídico. Envolvem opções de princípio que podem considerar-se estruturantes quanto ao modelo civilizacional que queiramos hoje seguir. Apesar de escritos em épocas e contextos bastante diversificados, (...) penso que nenhum destes textos perdeu alguma actualidade, pois tais temáticas são objecto de debates que não estão encerrados, ou poderão mesmo vir a ganhar acuidade nos tempos mais próximos. Não fujo à assunção de opções claras nesses debates, pois sinto que um imperativo de consciência a isso me obriga. Procuro sempre fazê-lo de forma racionalmente consistente e em espírito de diálogo e consideração pelas posições adversas. Índice O Direito e a Vida- a Fase Inicial O Direito e a Vida- a Fase Terminal O Direito e a Dignidade da Pessoa Humana O Direito e a Família Os Fins do Direito Penal Direito Penal e Ética sexual O Direito e a Sociedade Multicultural. (shrink)

O presente trabalho versa sobre o tema, central no projeto filosófico de Kant, da refutação do idealismo, concentrando-se em dois momentos da Crítica da Razão Pura (CRP): a Dedução Transcendental e a Refutação do Idealismo. Adoto duas hipóteses interpretativas: a primeira, de que a seção da CRP intitulada "Refutação do Idealismo" não esgota o projeto kantiano de uma refutação do idealismo, mas lhe fornece o acabamento, apresentando-se como um desenvolvimento de argumentos aduzidos na Dedução Transcendental. A segunda, de que a (...) refutação kantiana do idealismo assume uma forma bipartida pelo fato de que são essencialmente duas as figuras do idealista que a argumentação implicitamente apresenta como adversário da teoria transcendental do conhecimento. Chamarei essas figuras de idealista cético e idealista da autoconsciência e procurarei demonstrar e discutir a presença, na CRP, de dois distintos movimentos argumentativos anti-idealistas que lhes correspondem nas seções da Refutação e da Dedução. Finalmente, esboçarei a pergunta sobre se e em que medida, entendida na perspectiva de sua forma bipartida, a refutação kantiana completa do idealismo na CRP apresenta uma prova suficiente contra o interlocutor que, apesar de admitir, por hipótese, tanto a possibilidade do conhecimento objetivo quanto seu primado epistêmico em relação à consciência do Eu (consciência dos estados internos ou autoconsciência), subordina o domínio da objetividade à instância transcendental de uma consciência de objetos. This paper concerns about Kant's refutation of idealism and focuses on two chief sections of the Critique of Pure Reason: the Transcendental Deduction and the Refutation of Idealism. I shall argue firstly that the first Critique's section named "Refutation of Idealism", instead of exhausting Kant's project of refuting idealism, constitutes its accomplishment, offering a final deployment for some arguments adduced in the Transcendental Deduction. Secondly, I sustain that the refutation-project has two argumentative stages, since the idealist which is implicitly elected as the opponent of Kant's transcendental epistemology has essentially two faces. I shall term the one "skeptical idealist", and the other "self-consciousness idealist", and I'll endeavor to demonstrate accordingly two anti-idealistic lines of argument, both in the Refutation and in the Deduction. Finally, I shall attempt to assign some meaning to the question if kantian complete refutation of idealism amounts to a sufficient proof against a hypothetical opponent who, even though conceding both the possibility of objective cognition and its epistemic primacy towards self-consciousness, subordinates objectivity to the transcendental instance of a consciousness of objects. (shrink)

The paper raises a metaphysical dilemma for propositionalists and discusses two strategies for eliminating propositions, one based on Priorian quantification, the other on multigrade relations. The first strategy is criticised for being of dubious intelligibility and for giving an implausible picture of propositional-attitude states. It is argued that the second strategy works for the case of Russellian propositions.O artigo levanta um dilema para os proposicionalistas e discute duas estratégias para a eliminação de proposições, a primeira baseada em quantificação prioriana, a (...) segunda em relações de grau múltiplo. A primeira estratégia é criticada por não ser claramente inteligível e por resultar numa concepção implausível das atitudes proposicionais. Argumenta-se que a segunda estratégia funciona no caso de proposições russellianas. (shrink)

RESUMEN El apetito rapaz de los conquistadores produjo sodomitas Indígenas en Abya Yala. Corrompió también sus entendimientos sobre vitalidad corporal. La violación convirtió una permeabilidad anal, que comunicaba varias formas de lo vital, en un acto de destitución socio-corporal. La permeabilidad carnal Indígena, y su transición, quedó signada como infrahumana. La colonialidad oculta esa condición infrahumana al confundir las movilidades transgéneros con todo tipo de disconformidad corporal. Al considerar la permeabilidad corporal como un índice de disidencia tanto cognitiva como sexual, (...) la modernidad configuró lo transgénero como un vínculo monstruoso entre la permeabilidad y el capacitismo. El legado de la colonialidad fusiona conceptualmente a los cuerpos infra y cuasi-humanos. Para desenredar esa confusión, este ensayo examina la materialidad ancestral de prácticas anales, ritos funerarios, y apariciones y danzas ceremoniales. Este materialismo decolonizante negocia la permeabilidad sobre el puente que se extiende entre, por un lado, las cosmologías Andinas y Mesoamericanas y, por otro, las corporalidades travesti y trans. Al introducir el marco de la colonialidad de lo transgénero, el ensayo coloca el pluralismo ontológico en el centro de los debates sobre los materialismos trans*. ABSTRACT The voracious lust of the conquest produced Indigenous sodomites in Abya Yala. Native peoples saw their understandings of bodily vitality interrupted. Rape turned anal permeability, which had once communicated various forms of life, into an act of bodily destitution. The permeability of Indigenous flesh, and its transition, was rendered non-human. Coloniality veils this infrahuman condition by mistaking transgender transitions for any nonconforming embodiment. By reading permeable bodies as gender nonconforming, modernity gives rise to monstrous and disabled embodiments. Thus, transgender emerges as the linchpin between ableism and permeability. The legacy of colonialism conflates near-human and infrahuman bodies. Moving away from this conflation, this writing examines the materiality of ancestral, nonwestern, anal practices, burial rites, ceremonial apparitions, and dances. This decolonizing materialism negotiates permeability over the bridge between, on the one hand, Mesoamerican and Andean cosmologies and, on the other, travesti and trans Latinx embodiments. Ultimately, the coloniarity of transgender framework that I develop centers ontological pluralism in the current conversations about trans* materialisms. (shrink)

Machine generated contents note: Cajal and Consciousness: Introduction. By PEDRO C. MARIJUAN1 -- Part I. Consciousness, One Hundred Years after Textura -- Progress in the Neural Sciences in the Century after Cajal (and the Mysteries -- That Remain). By THOMAS D. ALBRIGHT, THOMAS M. JESSELL, -- ERIC R. KANDEL, AND MICHAEL I. POSNER11 -- Part II. Biological Complexity and the Emergence of Consciousness -- Consciousness, Reduction, and Emergence: Some Remarks. -- By MURRAY GELL-MANN41 -- The Epistemic Paradox of Mind (...) and Matter. By HAROLD J. MOROWITZ50 -- The Conscious Cell. BY LYNN MARGULIS55 -- Complexity and Tinkering. By FRANCOIS JACOB71 -- Consciousness, the Brain, and Spacetime Geometry. By STUART HAMEROFF. 74 -- Consciousness, the Brain, and Spacetime Geometry: An Addendum-Some -- New Developments on the Orch OR Model for Consciousness. -- By ROGER PENROSE105 -- Part III. From Primary to Higher-level Consciousness -- Consciousness: The Remembered Present. By GERALD EDELMAN111 -- Consciousness and the Binding Problem. By WOLF SINGER123 -- Cajal on Neurons, Molecules, and Consciousness. By JEAN-PIERRE CHANGEUX 147 -- A Neuronal Model of a Global Workspace in Effortful Cognitive Tasks. By -- STANISLAS DEHAENE, MICHEL KERSZBERG, AND JEAN-PIERRE -- CHANGEUX152 -- Consciousness and the Brain: The Thalamocortical Dialogue in Health and -- Disease. By RODOLFO LLINAS AND URS RIBARY166 -- The Neuroanatomy of Phenomenal Vision: A Psychological Perspective. -- ByPETRA STOERIG176 -- Co-evolution of Human Consciousness and Language. By MICHAEL A. ARBIB 195 -- From Computing with Numbers to Computing with Words-From -- Manipulation of Measurements to Manipulations of Perceptions. -- By LOTFI A. ZADEH221 -- Part IV. Closing Remarks -- Who Was Cajal? By ALBERTO PORTERA-SANCHEZ253 -- Index of Contributors259 -- Subject Index261. (shrink)

La obra es un estudio de una de las nociones fundamentales en la filosofía de Gadamer, el concepto de aplicación. Se intenta dar cuenta de la manera en que dicho concepto viene a solucionar, o tal vez sería mejor decir, a disolver, en la reflexión del siglo XX, el problema que enfrentaban las ciencias históricas en el siglo XIX para convertirse en conocimiento objetivo. Dicho problema consistía en dos importantes dificultades vinculadas entre sí: la imposibilidad de disponer de un objeto (...) independiente, el pasado “tal cual ocurrió” para confrontar la adecuación de las visiones del mismo constituidas desde el presente, por un lado, y la imposibilidad de erradicar la perspectiva del presente (intereses, ideologías, etc.)en los relatos históricos. Para abordar este problema, Gadamer acomete nada menos que una revisión de las categorías fundamentales en las cuales se inserta esta dificultad, esto es, las nociones de conocimiento, realidad y verdad modeladas, a través de Kant, de acuerdo a la perspectiva de la moderna ciencia de la naturaleza. Un paso fundamental será entonces examinar el problema del valor cognitivo del arte, esto es, elucidar las nociones de realidad y experiencia a partir de la experiencia artística, para extender luego estas conclusiones a la historia y el lenguaje. En el marco de esta revisión se perfila el concepto de aplicación, el cual destaca que nuestra condición de agentes históricos, insertos en una tradición y en una comunidad lingüística, no es un obstáculo, sino justamente la condición que hace posible que podamos comprender lo diferente a lo propio, ya sea en la forma de la alteridad histórica, lingüística o meramente personal. La tesis de la obra que presentamos es que la estructura de la aplicación, con la consecuente historicidad que acarrea, se presenta de manera semejante tanto en las macro-estructuras de la comprensión (comprensión de textos, de la tradición, del arte) como en las estructuras de un nivel inferior o más básico, como la realización de juicios y la comprensión de conceptos, punto que se elabora, en esta obra, a través de una comparación con las ideas del segundo Wittgenstein. (shrink)

La discusión sobre las consecuencias políticas del pensamiento de L. Wittgenstein ha girado sobre la posibilidad de construir miradas críticas sobre lo social, su legitimidad, amplitud, fuerza, etc. Sin embargo, aproximar a Wittgenstein a una posición materialista, como la entendía L. Althusser, conduce a una comprensión diferente de la crítica, vinculada a la tarea de deconstruir el discurso filosófico que intenta unificar y organizar jerárquicamente las evidencias (certezas) constitutivas de los diferentes juegos de lenguaje en los que se despliega lo (...) social. Se intenta extraer de esta aproximación una distinción entre la filosofía como práctica teórica ideológica y como práctica teórica crítica. The discussion regarding the political consequences of Wittgenstein's thought has focused on the possibility of building critical approaches to the legitimacy, amplitude, strength, etc. of the social sphere. However, bringing Wittgenstein close to a materialist position as understood by L. Althusser leads to a different understanding of critique, linked to the deconstruction of the philosophical discourse that attempts to unify and hierarchically organize the certainties that are constitutive of the different language games in which the social is deployed. On the basis of this approach, the article attempts to draw a distinction between philosophy as ideological theoretical practice and as critical theoretical practice. (shrink)

One important objection to the Condition Of ReasonNable Epistemic Access (CORNEA) is that it is incompatible with inductive evidence. This objection, however, relies on a counterfactual interpretation of CORNEA, and Wykstra and Perrine have shown that CORNEA need not be interpreted in that way, but rather in terms of conditional probability. Here, we show that there is an important gap in this recent response to the counterfactual-based criticism of CORNEA. We argue that the main response to this criticism ultimately depends (...) on a specific semantics for counterfactual conditionals. More specifically, it ultimately depends on the denial of the conditional excluded middle principle. We then investigate and suggest a hitherto unknown defense of CORNEA’s counterfactual interpretation. (shrink)

No vastíssimo campo de estudos da obra de Platão, constatamos que os (as) especialistas mais respeitados (as) têm posições por vezes completamente divergentes. Em parte, por um lado, isso decorre da riqueza e da complexidade dessa obra; em boa medida, por outro lado, também decorre de diferentes métodos ou formas de abordar os Diálogos que os (as) intérpretes adotam. Diante disso, surge naturalmente a questão de como deveríamos ler essas obras. No entanto, analisando as diferentes abordagens usadas, pode-se notar que (...) as respostas a uma questão anterior frequentemente acabam determinando, não raro de modo tácito, as respotas a como ler os Diálogos e a abordagem adotada na prática. Essa questão anterior é a de qual seria a função precípua dos Diálogos, que tende a se confundir com a questão de o que no fundo seriam os Diálogos. Por exemplo, os (as) estudiosos (as) que na sua interpretação tendem a focar nas teses e nos argumentos (em detrimento dos elementos dramáticos e literários) supõem em geral que estão lidando com obras "filosóficas" e que devem cumprir, portanto, funções "filosóficas", como (segundo determinada concepção em geral pressuposta de filosofia) definir um conceito, responder uma questão teórica com argumentos racionais, fundamentar (ou questionar) a possibilidade de uma ciência do mundo e coisas desse jaez. Por outro lado, estudiosos (as) que focam nos aspectos dramáticos e literários consideram que estão interpretando obras literárias e que, portanto, não necessariamente cumpririam funções ou atividades filosóficas, mas antes fariam aquilo que seria próprio de obras literárias. Diante disso, eu gostaria de abordar uma dessas hipóteses frequentemente utilizadas, de forma explícita ou não, acerca da função dos Diálogos, qual seja, a de que essas obras ou pelo menos algumas delas fariam a defesa de Sócrates da acusação pela qual foi condenado à morte. Comparando a acusação com passagens dos Diálogos, pretendo mostrar que deveríamos descartar essa hipótese ao lê-los. Os ganhos exegéticos disso seriam consideráveis; um deles seria pararmos de tentar tornar corretos a todo custo, e muitas vezes em detrimento do próprio texto, os argumentos de Sócrates e passarmos, em vez disso, a analisá-los de forma mais crítica. (shrink)

El Tractatus Logico-philosophicus es una obra filosófica de una enorme complejidad. Su estilo es sentencioso, por momentos oracular, otras veces casi telegráfico, de manera que en muchas ocasiones cuesta discernir los nexos entre las diversas proposiciones. Con todo, en el "Prólogo", en particular en sus observaciones sobre la cuestión del límite, Wittgenstein proporciona algunas indicaciones de las que conviene tomar debida nota para la interpretación de la obra. Este trabajo es fundamentalmente una propuesta de interpretación de estas observaciones, de su (...) proyección sobre el Tractatus, de su relevancia para comprender la naturaleza, de la ruptura operada por Wittgenstein en las Investigaciones filosóficas. -/- THE PROBLEM OF THE LIMIT AND THE TRACTATUS AS A TRANSCENDENTAL REFLECTION Tractatus Logico-philosophicus is a very complex philosophical work. It is writen by means of short phrases in a oracular style. Some parts are telegraphic, in such a way that it becomes difficult to elucidate the links among the different propositions. However, in the "preface", in particular in his remarks about the cuestion of the limit, Wittgenstein gives us some indications that we should consider carefully in order to interpret his work. This paper is basically a proposal to interpret the above mentioned remarks, of how they illuminate Tractatus, of how they are relevant to understand the nature of the profound change that Wittgenstein introduces in Philosophical Investigations. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Knock at the Door: Utopian Dreams for Post-Covid TimesPedro Mora-Ramírez, María Amo-Hernández, and Paula García-RodríguezAnswering the Knock at the Door, Welcoming Utopian Futures, The Knock at the Door: Utopian Dreams for Post-Covid Times, May 21–24, 2023, University of Huelva, Spain, and University of Calgary, CanadaThe COVID-19 pandemic has fostered new adversities and vulnerabilities, prompting reflection on the economic, social, and political paradigms that endanger human and nonhuman lives. (...) For many, it was anxiety and uncertainty that “knock[ed] at the door”; for others, however, those same feelings of unease prompted one of hopefulness: reflecting on the possibilities for resilience and regeneration in the process of changing our vision of the world.1 The Knock at the Door conference brought contemporary utopianism to the forefront of thinking about how to respond to global crises while remaining attentive to other adversities of daily life. Scholars and artists answered the knock in an attempt to examine paths toward utopia, and to take advantage of the regenerative and resilient potential of the present.The conference was the culmination of author/activist Larissa Lai’s fellowship period at the University of Huelva. The 2022–23 María Zambrano Fellowship for the academic year2 allowed Lai to complete the project “Utopian Dreams for Post-Covid Times,” carried out in collaboration with the Huelva research group led by Professor Pilar Cuder-Domínguez, who hosted a number of online and in-person seminars on speculative fiction with Lai. The Knock at the Door conference, marking the end of Lai’s fellowship, created yet another space for scholars, artists, and critics to discuss the potential of utopian narratives. Lai asks: “What does our cultural moment require, and how can we get where we need to go from where we are? How can literature, especially speculative fiction literature, help us get from here to there?”3 [End Page 641] The intention of the conference was to encourage others to continue Lai’s work on how to imagine futures where human and posthuman beings need to remain vigilant to adversities. Utopian scholars, among others, might find the complications of “getting there from here” closely related to Lai’s conception of “insurgent utopias,” or “emergent insurgency.” They could find Lai’s concept of “insurgent utopianism” interesting as it lays the foundations of futurity in terms of crisis responses.The aim of the conference was to explore the imagination of better futures through utopian thinking and practice. In addition, it focused on “the knock at the door,” which is “a moment of contingent arrival... open to cooptation, destruction, bastardization, incorporation, death, or defusal.” Yet, it presents “the powerful possibility of critique—narratively or discursively, in its very materiality.”4 One way of doing this might be to look back at the past century of utopianism and ask who or what has been missing. The conference took up Lai’s idea of insurgent utopianism as a method of paving a path toward a multitude of dreams and actions, all shaped by the unique circumstances of one’s positionality.After the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for utopian thinking has become more pressing than ever. New horizons of hope must be created in the face of emerging anxieties. In a world where anthropocentrism is showing signs of its deadly potential, conference participants reflected on the relevance of the utopian imagination to political resistance and resilience building.Utopian Visions: Contesting Better Worlds in Neoliberal and Feminist UtopiasThe first two panels of the conference addressed the critique of two dominant theoretical (and interrelated) frameworks: capitalism and neoliberalism. Speakers reflected on both in light of theoretical interventions by theorists Rosi Braidotti and Francesca Ferrando. Panelists Benjamin Ghan and Marc Lynch reflected on how creative writers envision ideal worlds and temporalities. In Ghan’s view, utopian narratives create a symphony of voices historically excluded from the category of “the human”: women; LGBTQ+ people; Indigenous peoples. In a similar vein, Lynch described his own novel, A Wasp’s Waist, as highlighting the impossibility of imagining utopias within the capitalist paradigm—and thus the necessity of imagining futures beyond capitalism, and beyond... (shrink)

. 1. Introduĉão histórica ao pensamento jurídico, épocas medieval e moderna --.

Are the laws of nature consistent with contingency about what happens in the world? That depends on what the laws of nature actually are, but it also depends on what they are like. The latter is the concern of this chapter, which looks at three views that are widely endorsed: ‘Humean’ regularity accounts, laws as relations among universals, and disposition/powers accounts. Given an account of what laws are, what follows about how much contingency, and of what kinds, laws allow? In (...) all three cases, the authors argue, the root idea of what laws are does not settle the issue of whether they allow contingency. Advocates of the different accounts may argue for one view or another on the issue, but this will be an add-on rather than a consequence of the basic view about what laws are. -/- . (shrink)

La tesis de la privacidad linguitica nace con el gesto fundador de la filosofía moderna que apoya toda legitimidad en la subjetividad y la conciencia. Ello da origen a dos problemas filos�ficos fundamentales, concernientes al mundo y al solipsismo. El siglo XX creyó encontrar en el lenguaje una salida a estos problemas. Wittgenstein es allí una pieza clave. Sin embargo las interpretaciones más influyentes de Wittgenstein enfocaron la crítica del lenguaje privado de tal modo que la salida debía permanecer en (...) el terreno epistemológico de las garantías o criterio de corrección (Malcolm, Fogelin, Kenny, Canfield, Tugendhat). Sostenemos que la interpretación propuesta por Kripke se apoya un un agudo diagnóstico de la fuente de estas dificultades, dándose cuenta que la refutación del lenguaje privado requería abandonar toda una concepción, la del realismo, que afectaban por igual al lenguaje privado y al público. Su argumentación, centrada en la semántica, irradia consecuencias más allá de la misma. Su "solución escéptica" al establecer que los juicios de corrección, entendidos como básicos y primitivos, sólo poseen sentido en el marco de una comunidad uniforme en sus juicios, coloca al discurso filosófico en un nuevo terreno. (shrink)

O objetivo é investigar se a Dialética transcendental de Kant, ao se deter sobre ascondições que dão origem ao conflito da razão consigo mesma, não oferece ainda umareflexão acerca da regulação transcendental do discurso e da linguagem filosófica.

We distinguish two sub-types of each of the two causality principles formulated in connection with the Common Cause Principle in Henson and raise and investigate the problem of logical relations among the resulting four causality principles. Based in part on the analysis of the status of these four principles in algebraic quantum field theory we will argue that the four causal principles are non- equivalent.

This article deals with the conscious and unconscious dimensions of mental life. I distinguish the transitive sense of consciousness, being conscious of something, intentionality, from the adjectival or adverbial sense, being conscious or consciously directed towards something. I show that an intentional act can be conscious or unconscious in the second sense and argue that, from this position, we can ask good questions about what consciousness is and its function in mental life. To achieve this result, I begin by framing (...) the topic in the tradition of psychology before Husserl, namely Lipps, and Brentano, and then describe the unconscious dimension from the conceptual apparatus of phenomenology. (shrink)

Over the course of the 19th century, several campaigns in African territories led by white European or North-American scientists, explorers, entrepreneurs, or military officials have been transposed into travelogues where different stages of imperialism and colonialist presences are portrayed. While most of the approaches to these writings tend to favor a post-colonial framework for the interpretation of the interactions depicted there, it is also possible to employ a critical apparatus modeled after the recent developments in the field of the environmental (...) humanities. In this essay, I discuss how Slavoj Žižek’s contributions to the debates around the ideas of nature, ecology, and global capitalism have the potential to deepen our understanding of colonial regimes of oppression, serving as a powerful tool to explore processes of world-making involved in the imperial projects developing over the course of the 19th century. To do so, I propose a close reading of several instances of the travel book Angola and the River Congo, by Joachim John Monteiro, focusing on the entanglements between the human and non-human agencies, vegetable landscapes and extractive transnational economies, and the articulation of racism and scientific projects in the Angolan territory. (shrink)

El realismo de Zubiri se sitúa en la superación del dualismo gnoseológico establecido por el realismo clásico y su crítica moderna. La superación pasa por su conocida inteligencia sentiente, con la que gracias a la congenereidad de inteligir y sentir o sentir e inteligir, tradicionalmente escindidas, se puede establecer una relación con la realidad y, consecuentemente, con uno mismo, radicalmente diversa. Esta accesibilidad se apoya en lo sentiente, que no tiene que ver solo con lo perceptivo –que también– sino que (...) es extensible a lo relacionado con el ámbito afectivo humano. No por ello hay que abandonar la inteligencia como tal, pues ello implicaría un irracionalismo totalmente ajeno al pensar zubiriano; todo lo contrario, hay que considerarla pero desde este nuevo cuadro de coordenadas establecido por la aprehensión intelectivo-sentiente de la realidad, verdadero antídoto para evitar una autorreferencialidad en un uso concipiente de la inteligencia abandonada a sí misma. En sus obras Zubiri ha tratado más el momento intelectivo, siempre incardinado en el seno de la inteligencia sentiente. Queda, pues, una tarea muy importante como es articular filosóficamente el otro momento, el sentiente, en el acto aprehensor de la realidad. En este sentido, su análisis estético puede presentar a mi modo de ver grandes posibilidades. (shrink)

En este trabajo pretendemos abordar la teoría del Intuicionismo social, realizada por el psicólogo Jonathan Haidt en oposición al modelo racionalista de Piaget y Kohlberg. Analizaremos sus elementos principales y especialmente sus implicaciones normativas. En particular nos centraremos en su conocida teoría del «desconcierto moral» con la que pretende mostrar la desconexión existente entre el juicio moral y la reflexión como dos procesos independientes.

RESUMEN En el presente artículo se analizan las vinculaciones entre la persecución teológica, jurídica y cultural que padecen los marranos peninsulares de los siglos XVI y XVII, y las prácticas, materiales y sobre todo teóricas, en cuyo ejercicio se ven éstos obligados a construirse una identidad religiosa propia. La disidencia marrana se revela como una forma específicamente hispánica de la crítica propia de esa primera modernidad que alcanza su apoteosis con los grandes principios de la Ilustración europea.

Este trabajo intenta esclarecer la tesis de Wittgenstein de que el significado es el uso. Para ello, articula esta cuestión con el estudio de los fenómenos intencionales en general y pasa revista a dos exégesis del texto de Wittgenstein: las propuestas por Crispin Wright y por John McDowell.

Traducción al español de De Libera, A., “Les sources gréco-arabes de la théorie médiévale de l’analogie de l’être”, _Les Études Philosophiques_, n° 3-4, julio-diciembre de1989, pp. 319-345.

Este artículo analiza el fenómeno de las empresas transnacionales, con especial enfoque en la “chantaje locacional” y el “vacío jurídico”, que les permite operar a menudo fuera del alcance efectivo de las regulaciones estatales. La chantaje locacional se refiere a la capacidad de estas empresas para presionar a los gobiernos locales mediante la amenaza de trasladar sus operaciones a países con condiciones más favorables, lo que genera una flexibilización de las leyes laborales, fiscales y ambientales. Esto no solo desafía la (...) soberanía estatal, sino que exacerba las desigualdades globales, favoreciendo a las regiones desarrolladas y marginando a aquellas con menores conexiones al capital transnacional. El artículo aborda cómo el “vacío jurídico” alrededor de las actividades de las empresas transnacionales se puede entender a través de la ética de la responsabilidad de Hans Jonas. Según Jonas, la ética debe expandirse para considerar las consecuencias a largo plazo de las acciones humanas sobre el medio ambiente y las generaciones futuras. Asimismo, se introduce el concepto de “turboglobalización” de Gonçal Mayos, que describe una fase de globalización acelerada y descontrolada, donde las grandes empresas transnacionales utilizan su poder para moldear las políticas de los Estados en su favor, profundizando las desigualdades y debilitando la capacidad de los gobiernos para proteger los derechos de sus ciudadanos. (shrink)

I develop a genealogy of the concept of ‘energy’ in western philosophy and science, focusing on how energy concepts (e.g., energeia, vis viva, kinetic/potential energy) have been theorized in relation to time. Looking especially to the ideas of Gilles Deleuze, Henri Bergson, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Martin Heidegger, I argue that the thread that connects energy concepts through time is the epistemological tendency to derive conceptual accounts of change from a prior ontological sameness or essence. I then attempt to lay the (...) groundwork for a process metaphysics that harmonizes with contemporary findings in the physical sciences, while also extending the concept of energy to account for the presence of subjectivity in nature. (shrink)

Neste artigo, concentro-me sobre o problema da persuasão na obra de Platão e exponho as suas implicações filosóficas, políticas e educacionais. Começo traçando um panorama da persuasão na Grécia Antiga, tanto da atividade persuasiva quanto da figura mítica da deusa Persuasão. Depois, detenho-me sobre alguns casos emblemáticos do fracasso da persuasão socrática. Em seguida, viso reconstruir algumas causas que despontam nos diálogos platônicos para explicar o fracasso da persuasão socrática. Por fim, considero a reivindicação da retórica para a filosofia, defendida (...) e desenvolvida no Fedro, como uma resposta diante do impasse de que a verdade não é autoevidente e, dessa forma, não pode ser transmitida imediata e mecanicamente de uma alma para outra. (shrink)

El pensamiento político posfundacional y el pensamiento impolítico constituyen dos de los horizontes más relevantes de la filosofía política contemporánea. Sin embargo, la literatura no siempre da cuenta de las diferencias entre ambos planteamientos: los numerosos presupuestos que comparten han llevado a que frecuentemente se confundan las implicaciones que singularizan a cada uno de ellos. A fin de delimitar los conceptos de lo impolítico y lo posfundacional, el presente artículo propondrá la distinción benjaminiana entre lo mítico y lo divino como (...) clave hermenéutica. Asimismo, se establecerá un diálogo entre dos pensadores que ilustrará la diferencia entre lo posfundacional —Ernesto Laclau— y lo impolítico —Giorgio Agamben— al tiempo que probará la pertinencia de pensar dicha diferencia a partir de las categorías de Benjamin. (shrink)

Este artigo almeja, mediante de um estudo bibliográfico da literatura relevante ao tópico em questão, analisar o conceito de warrant, ou aval, como este é compreendido e apresentado na epistemologia do filósofo norte-americano Alvin Plantinga, com o objetivo de elucidar a sua metodologia enquanto sugestão para resolver os problemas de gettier. A partir de uma investigação a respeito dos objetivos da teoria, assim como seu conteúdo e impacto, buscamos discorrer a respeito de seus pontos positivos e de suas falhas, demonstrando (...) porque ela, embora seja uma tese fascinante, não é suficiente para lidar com os desafios apresentados pela gettierização. (shrink)

Augusto Del Noce es uno de los pensadores que más ha incidido en tratar de comprender la sociedad contemporánea en especial a partir del final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. La originalidad de su análisis radica en especial en la explicación de la génesis de la sociedad presente y en su caracterización de la misma. Este trabajo pretende exponer sus ideas en relación con las de otros filósofos que coinciden en buena medida con él. A partir de tal exposición es (...) posible sacar las consecuencias políticas de su pensamiento social. (shrink)