Results for 'Mairead Shaw'

964 found
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  1.  15
    Addressing a crisis of generalizability with large-scale construct validation.Jessica Kay Flake, Raymond Luong & Mairead Shaw - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45.
    Because of the misspecification of models and specificity of operationalizations, many studies produce claims of limited utility. We suggest a path forward that requires taking a few steps back. Researchers can retool large-scale replications to conduct the descriptive research which assesses the generalizability of constructs. Large-scale construct validation is feasible and a necessary next step in addressing the generalizability crisis.
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  2. Desire and What It’s Rational to Do.Ashley Shaw - 2021 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 99 (4):761-775.
    It is often taken for granted that our desires can contribute to what it is rational for us to do. This paper examines an account of desire—the ‘guise of the good’— that promises an explanation of this datum. I argue that extant guise-of-the-good accounts fail to provide an adequate explanation of how a class of desires—basic desires—contributes to practical rationality. I develop an alternative guise-of-the-good account on which basic desires attune us to our reasons for action in virtue of their (...)
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  3. Was Feyerabend an anarchist? The structure(s) of ‘anything goes’.Jamie Shaw - 2017 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 64:11-21.
  4.  38
    Wittgenstein on rules: justification, grammar, and agreement.James R. Shaw - 2023 - New York, NY, United States of America: Oxford University Press.
    The goal of this book is to develop a new approach to reading the rule-following sections guided by a simple idea. The simple idea is that Wittgenstein's remarks on rule-following are split between two distinct but complementary projects. The projects are marked not only by different guiding questions, but different presuppositions and methodologies. There is of course precedent for reading the rule-following remarks as comprising two parts. For example, there is the reading of (S. Kripke 1982) on which Wittgenstein first (...)
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  5.  44
    Research ethics and artificial intelligence for global health: perspectives from the global forum on bioethics in research.James Shaw, Joseph Ali, Caesar A. Atuire, Phaik Yeong Cheah, Armando Guio Español, Judy Wawira Gichoya, Adrienne Hunt, Daudi Jjingo, Katherine Littler, Daniela Paolotti & Effy Vayena - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-9.
    Background The ethical governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in health care and public health continues to be an urgent issue for attention in policy, research, and practice. In this paper we report on central themes related to challenges and strategies for promoting ethics in research involving AI in global health, arising from the Global Forum on Bioethics in Research (GFBR), held in Cape Town, South Africa in November 2022. Methods The GFBR is an annual meeting organized by the World Health (...)
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  6. Desire and Satisfaction.Ashley Shaw - 2020 - Philosophical Quarterly 71 (4):pqz071.
    Desire satisfaction has not received detailed philosophical examination. Yet intuitive judgments about the satisfaction of desires have been used as data points guiding theories of desire, desire content, and the semantics of ‘desire’. This paper examines desire satisfaction and the standard propositional view of desire. Firstly, I argue that there are several distinct concepts of satisfaction. Secondly, I argue that separating them defuses a difficulty for the standard view in accommodating desires that Derek Parfit described as ‘implicitly conditional on their (...)
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  7. Cryoethics: Seeking life after death.David Shaw - 2009 - Bioethics 23 (9):515-521.
    Cryonic suspension is a relatively new technology that offers those who can afford it the chance to be 'frozen' for future revival when they reach the ends of their lives. This paper will examine the ethical status of this technology and whether its use can be justified. Among the arguments against using this technology are: it is 'against nature', and would change the very concept of death; no friends or family of the 'freezee' will be left alive when he is (...)
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  8.  53
    Marcus on self‐conscious knowledge of belief.James R. Shaw - 2024 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 108 (3):844-850.
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, EarlyView.
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  9.  43
    W. E. B. Du Bois and the EVOLUTION OF ‘RACE’.Stephanie J. Shaw - 2022 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 60 (S1):73-101.
    This essay situates the major works of W.E.B. Du Bois and some of his minor work between the 1880s and 1940 in the historical context of black people's writing about race since the eighteenth century. In offering examples of the evolution of black thinking and writing on this topic, it views Du Bois's work in the context of Moral and Ethical Philosophy (rather than the more obvious History, Sociology, and Political Economics) in order to reveal his efforts as a disruption, (...)
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  10.  68
    Duhem on Good Sense and Theory Pursuit: From Virtue to Social Epistemology.Jamie Shaw - 2020 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 33 (2):67-85.
    ABSTRACT The emerging consensus in the secondary literature on Duhem is that his notion of ‘good sense’ is a virtue of individual scientists that guides them choosie between empirically equal rival theories : 149–159; Ivanova 2010. “Pierre Duhem’s Good Sense as a Guide to Theory Choice.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 41 : 58–64; Fairweather 2011. “The Epistemic Value of Good Sense.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 43 : 139–146; Bhakthavatsalam. “Duhemian Good (...)
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  11.  48
    Revisiting the Basic/Applied Science Distinction: The Significance of Urgent Science for Science Funding Policy.Jamie Shaw - 2022 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 53 (4):477-499.
    There has been a resurgence between two closely related discussions concerning modern science funding policy. The first revolves around the coherence and usefulness of the distinction between basic and applied science and the second concerns whether science should be free to pursue research according to its own internal standards or pursue socially responsible research agendas that are held accountable to moral or political standards. In this paper, I argue that the distinction between basic and applied science, and the concomitant debate (...)
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  12.  47
    Why Inconsistency Arguments Matter.Joshua Shaw - 2021 - The New Bioethics 28 (1):40-53.
    Abortion opponents are sometimes accused of having inconsistent beliefs, actions, and/or priorities. If they were consistent, they would regard spontaneous abortions to be a greater moral tragedy,...
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  13. What is a truth-value gap?James R. Shaw - 2014 - Linguistics and Philosophy 37 (6):503-534.
    Truth-value gaps have received little attention from a foundational perspective, a fact which has rightfully opened up gap theories to charges of vacuousness. This paper develops an account of the foundations of gap-like behavior which has some hope of avoiding such charges. I begin by reviewing and sharpening a powerful argument of Dummett’s to constrain the options that gap theorists have to make sense of their views. I then show that within these strictures, we can give an account of gaps (...)
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  14. Religious Epistemological Disjunctivism.Kegan J. Shaw - 2016 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 79 (3):261-279.
    This paper explores religious belief in connection with epistemological disjunctivism. It applies recent advances in epistemological disjunctivism to the religious case for displaying an attractive model of specifically Christian religious belief. What results is a heretofore unoccupied position in religious epistemology—a view I call ‘religious epistemological disjunctivism’. My general argument is that RED furnishes superior explanations for the sort of ‘grasp of the truth’ which should undergird ‘matured Christian conviction’ of religious propositions. To this end I first display the more (...)
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  15. The “Last Man” Problem: Nietzsche and Weber on Political Attitudes to Suffering.Tamsin Shaw - 2014 - In Manuel Knoll & Barry Stocker, Nietzsche as Political Philosopher. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 345-380.
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  16. Do affective desires provide reasons for action?Ashley Shaw - 2020 - Ratio 34 (2):147-157.
    This paper evaluates the claim that some desires provide reasons in virtue of their connection with conscious affective experiences like feelings of attraction or aversion. I clarify the nature of affective desires and several distinct ways in which affective desires might provide reasons. Against accounts proposed by Ruth Chang, Declan Smithies and Jeremy Weiss, I motivate doubts that it is the phenomenology of affective experiences that explains their normative or rational significance. I outline an alternative approach that centralises the function (...)
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  17. We should not let relatives veto organ donation from their dead relatives.David Shaw - 2012 - British Medical Journal 34:e5275.
    This article highlights the often overlooked fact that doctors who respect a bereaved family's veto of a deceased patient's organ donation are complicit in the deaths of those who would have benefited from the organs in question. Respecting the veto violates the dying wish of the patient, is against the spirit of the law and contributes to the deaths of other patients.
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  18. Hume's Theory of Motivation.Daniel Shaw - 1989 - Hume Studies 15 (1):163-183.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:163 HUME'S THEORY OF MOTIVATION In this paper I shall defend a Humean theory of motivation. But first I should like to examine some of the standard criticisms of this theory and some alternative views that are currently in favour. Both in the Treatise and the Enguiry Hume maintains that reason alone never motivates action but always requires the cooperation of some separate, and separately identifiable desire-factor in order (...)
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  19. Homeopathy Is where the harm Is: five unethical effects of funding unscientific remedies.David Shaw - 2010 - Journal of Medical Ethics 36 (3):130-131.
    Homeopathic medicine is based on the two principles that “like cures like” and that the potency of substances increases in proportion to their dilution. In November 2009 the UK Parliament’s Science and Technology Committee heard evidence on homeopathy, with several witnesses arguing that homeopathic practice is “unethical, unreliable, and pointless”. Although this increasing scepticism about the merits of homeopathy is to be welcomed, the unethical effects of funding homeopathy on the NHS are even further-reaching than has been acknowledged.
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  20.  25
    Associations Between Infant Negative Affect and Parent Anxiety Symptoms are Bidirectional: Evidence from Mothers and Fathers.Rebecca J. Brooker, Jenae M. Neiderhiser, Leslie D. Leve, Daniel S. Shaw, Laura V. Scaramella & David Reiss - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  21.  30
    Erratum to: Absence: An Indo-Analytic Inquiry.Anand Jayprakash Vaidya, Purushottama Bilimoria & Jaysankar L. Shaw - 2016 - Sophia 55 (4):515-515.
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  22. Deaf by design: Disability and impartiality.David Shaw - 2008 - Bioethics 22 (8):407-413.
    In 'Benefit, Disability and the Non-Identity Problem', Hallvard Lillehammer uses the case of a couple who chose to have deaf children to argue against the view that impartial perspectives can provide an exhaustive account of the rightness and wrongness of particular reproductive choices. His conclusion is that the traditional approach to the non-identity problem leads to erroneous conclusions about the morality of creating disabled children. This paper will show that Lillehammer underestimates the power of impartial perspectives and exaggerates the ethical (...)
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  23.  89
    Managers in the Moral Dimension: What Etzioni Might Mean to Corporate Managers.Bill Shaw & Frances E. Zollers - 1993 - Business Ethics Quarterly 3 (2):153-168.
    InThe Moral Dimension, Amitai Etzioni critiques the neoclassical economic paradigm (NEP), a model built upon ethical egoism and which equates rationality (the logical/empirical domain) with the maximization of preferences by self-interested economic units. Etzioni finds the NEP’s exclusion of the moral/affective domain to be a glaring failure and, because of this omission, he claims that the economic model is not capable of achieving its design functions: prediction and explanation. Etzioni introduces a socio-economic model, the I & We paradigm, in which (...)
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  24.  52
    Cognition of cognition part II.J. L. Shaw - 1996 - Journal of Indian Philosophy 24 (3):231-264.
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  25.  32
    When and Why People Evaluate Negative Reciprocity as More Fair Than Positive Reciprocity.Alex Shaw, Anam Barakzai & Boaz Keysar - 2019 - Cognitive Science 43 (8):e12773.
    If you are kind to me, I am likely to reciprocate and doing so feels fair. Many theories of social exchange assume that such reciprocity and fairness are well aligned with one another. We argue that this correspondence between reciprocity and fairness is restricted to interpersonal dyads and does not govern more complex multilateral interactions. When multiple people are involved, reciprocity leads to partiality, which may be seen as unfair by outsiders. We report seven studies, conducted with people from the (...)
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  26. Husserl's Phenomenological Method in Management.Robert Keith Shaw - 2010 - In Proceedings of the ANZAM conference, Adelaide, Australia. Australia and New Zealand Academy of Management.
    There is a palpable need for a new theory that embraces organisations and management – the hegemony of scientific theories is at an end. This paper argues that the phenomenological method which Husserl inaugurates has the potential to provide new insights. Those who adopt a phenomenological attitude to their situation within a business can explore unusual, and as yet unseen, depths within phenomena. The paper introduces Husserl’s method which requires the development of skills and a thoroughgoing rejection of scientific methods (...)
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  27. Religious experience and the formation of the early englightenment self.Jane Shaw - 1997 - In Roy Porter, Rewriting the self: histories from the Renaissance to the present. New York: Routledge.
     
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  28. The Reformation of Business Education: Purposes and Objectives.Robert Keith Shaw - 2011 - In Proceedings of 2011 Conference of the New Zealand Assoication of Applied Business Education. Nelson, New Zealand, 11 October 2011. New Zealand Association of Applied Business Education.
    Business education is at a critical juncture. How are we to justify the curriculum in undergraduate business awards in Aotearoa New Zealand? This essay suggests a philosophical framework for the analysis the business curriculum in Western countries. This framework helps us to see curriculum in a context of global academic communities and national needs. It situates the business degree in the essential tension which modernity (Western metaphysics) creates and which is expressed in an increasingly globalised economy. The tension is between (...)
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  29. High quality learning opportunities in high poverty middle schools: Moving from rhetoric to reality.Douglas J. Mac Iver, Estelle Young, Robert Balfanz, Alta Shaw, Maria Garriott & A. Cohen - 2001 - In Thomas S. Dickinson, Reinventing the middle school. New York: RoutledgeFalmer.
     
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  30.  65
    Crocodile tiers.David Shaw - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (8):575.
    It is clearly unethical for the NHS to tell people that they will die sooner unless they pay for private treatment, and then to tell them that if they pay for private treatment they will have to pay the NHS for its insufficient service. This is all the more true if people in other parts of the country are receiving all the drugs they need for the same condition on the NHS. Patients who discover that the NHS care that they (...)
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  31.  64
    Magidor on anomaly and truth-value gaps.James R. Shaw - 2016 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 59 (5):513-528.
    In Category Mistakes, Ofra Magidor provides two arguments against the view that category mistakes express propositions that are not truth-evaluable at some world. I argue that her first, Williamsonian argument against this view begs the question, and that her second argument rests on a misleading conception of how semantic defect results in infelicity judgments. I conclude by conceding that she is still correct to stress that the view she opposes face noteworthy foundational and empirical challenges.
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  32.  35
    Why I am still not convinced heartbeat bills are defensible.Joshua Shaw - 2023 - Bioethics 37 (3):312-313.
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  33. Divine Commands at the Foundations of Morality.Joseph Shaw - 2002 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 32 (3):419 - 439.
    The claim that they are the ‘Divine Command Theory of Morality’ might seem to be the neatest and most obvious way to account for the moral force of divine commands. In this paper I shall argue that the Divine Command Theory fails as an account of God’s relationship with morality, both in terms of coherence and in terms of fidelity to the traditional theist practice of obedience to God, while a more modest account of how God is to be understood (...)
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  34. Inaesthetics and Truth: The Debate between Alain Badiou and Jacques Rancière.Devin Zane Shaw - 2004 - Filozofski Vestnik 25 (2).
    In this essay I attempt to defend Badiou's conception of inaesthetics, drawn from the Handbook of Inaesthetics, from the pertinent criticisms of Rancière. In doing so, it is possible to delimit the intra-philosophical effects (truth effects) of artistic events (this combination being the domain of inaesthetics). Badiou can be defended from all of Rancière's objections, save the objection that inaesthetics asserts a 'propriety of art.' However, in granting this objection, it is possible to open a different question regarding Badiou's work: (...)
     
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  35.  15
    Istoria and Eureka: Valuing Story and Discovery in Research and Publication in the Human Sciences.Susan Shaw & Keith Tudor - 2024 - Ethics and Social Welfare 18 (3):246-263.
    Human stories lie at the heart of professional practice in the human, social services, though these are often discounted when it comes to researching such services and sharing practice through publication. This article identifies and addresses certain methodological and epistemological biases and consequent challenges in human science research, and discusses the importance of story (autoethnography) and discovery (heuristics) in research which can inform practice, meaningfully and ethically. It considers this by addressing both research and publication, illustrating both the challenges and (...)
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  36.  99
    Determinism, Moral Responsibility and Retribution.Elizabeth Shaw & Robert Blakey - 2019 - Neuroethics 13 (1):99-113.
    In this article, we will identify two issues that deserve greater attention from those researching lay people’s attitudes to moral responsibility and determinism. The first issue concerns whether people interpret the term “moral responsibility” in a retributive way and whether they are motivated to hold offenders responsible for pre-determined behaviour by considerations other than retributivism, e.g. the desires to condemn the action and to protect society. The second issue concerns whether explicitly rejecting moral responsibility and retributivism, after reading about determinism, (...)
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  37. Reducing the harmful effects of alcohol misuse: the ethics of sobriety testing in criminal justice.David Shaw, Karyn McCluskey, Will Linden & Christine Goodall - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (11):669-671.
    Alcohol use and abuse play a major role in both crime and negative health outcomes in Scotland. This paper provides a description and ethical and legal analyses of a novel remote alcohol monitoring scheme for offenders which seeks to reduce alcohol-related harm to both the criminal and the public. It emerges that the prospective benefits of this scheme to health and public order vastly outweigh any potential harms.
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  38.  28
    Whitehead’s Radically Temporalist Metaphysics: Recovering the Seriousness of Time by George Allan.Elizabeth C. Shaw & Andrew T. Kirkpatrick - 2021 - Review of Metaphysics 74 (3):397-398.
  39.  26
    (1 other version)Can we choose our motives?Lucy M. Shaw - 1944 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 22 (1-2):93 – 105.
  40.  23
    Do assembly bonus effects occur on disjunctive tasks? A test of Steiner’s theory.Marvin E. Shaw & Nancy Ashton - 1976 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 8 (6):469-471.
  41. Dentistry and the ethics of infection.David Shaw - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (3):184-187.
    Currently, any dentist in the UK who is HIV-seropositive must stop treating patients. This is despite the fact that hepatitis B-infected dentists with a low viral load can continue to practise, and the fact that HIV is 100 times less infectious than hepatitis B. Dentists are obliged to treat HIV-positive patients, but are obliged not to treat any patients if they themselves are HIV-positive. Furthermore, prospective dental students are now screened for hepatitis B and C and HIV, and are not (...)
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  42.  5
    Das Problem des Dinges an sich in der englischen Kantinterpretation.Gisela Shaw - 1969 - Bonn,: H. Bouvier.
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  43. Human beings and freedom: an interdisciplinary perspective.Jaysankar Lal Shaw & Michael Hemmingsen (eds.) - 2011 - Kolkata: Punthi Pustak.
    Human Beings and Freedom: An Interdisciplinary Perspective focuses on some contemporary issues relating to freedom, equality, identity and resistance from various perspectives, such as psychological, social, political, and metaphysical. In doing so it addresses topics such as the nature of human beings, political freedom, the relationship between freedom and equality, sex, gender and race, humour, and the notion of critique.
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  44.  34
    (1 other version)Ruling ideas.William H. Shaw - 1989 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 19 (sup1):425-448.
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  45.  71
    (1 other version)Recent Titles in Philosophy.Elizabeth C. Shaw - 2001 - Review of Metaphysics 54 (4):961-979.
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  46.  47
    Thomas Merton and Jacques Ellul on technology and freedom.Jeffrey M. Shaw - unknown
    This qualitative analysis examines the thinking of Thomas Merton and Jacques Ellul on the impact that they believe technology and the idea of progress has had on human freedom. The thesis is that for both Merton and Ellul, modern technology itself and an uncritical acceptance of the idea of technological progress potentially inhibits the contemplative life and serves to deprive humanity of the God-given gift of freedom. Examining Merton and Ellul through theological, sociological, and political lenses allows a point-by-point comparison (...)
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  47.  32
    Worth and welfare in the controversy over abortion – Christopher Miles Coope.Joseph Shaw - 2008 - Philosophical Quarterly 58 (232):566–569.
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  48.  37
    Why causing death is not necessarily morally equivalent to allowing to die - a response to Ferguson.A. B. Shaw - 1998 - Journal of Medical Ethics 24 (4):282-282.
  49.  30
    Withholding conflicts of interest: the many flaws of the new ICMJE disclosure form.David Shaw - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (1):19-21.
    In this article, I describe and analyse the proposed new International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosing conflicts of interest and conclude that it has many flaws. The form does not mention ‘conflicts of interest’ even once in either its body or its title, it introduces a conceptually confused categorisation of different potential conflicts and it ignores future conflicts and intellectual biases. Finally, many of the authors of the new form have themselves failed to declare relevant potential conflicts (...)
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  50.  70
    What Do Gestational Mothers Deserve?Joshua Shaw - 2016 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 19 (4):1031-1045.
    This paper analyzes the following question: What do women deserve, ethically speaking, when they agree to gestate a fetus on behalf of third parties? I argue for several claims. First, I argue that gestational motherhood’s moral significance has been misunderstood, an oversight I attribute to the focus in family ethics on the conditions of parenthood. Second, I use a less controversial version of James Rachels’s account of desert to argue that gestational mothers deserve a parent-like voice as well as significant (...)
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