Este ensaio aborda as tensões emergentes do antagonismo entre a demanda pelo fomento à disseminação das inovações educacionais e a cultura escolar vigente. Em face da discussão de conceitos e modelos de disseminação das inovações educacionais, são focalizadas as lacunas dos paradigmas de formação docente e suas implicações na conformação da cultura escolar vigente. Nesse contexto, a incorporação do uso pedagógico das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) aos processos educacionais escolares é problematizada como estratégia promissora à indução da cultura (...) de trabalho docente colaborativo. Num milênio caracterizado por crises que assolam, sobremaneira, as populações globais, o ativo trabalho colaborativo passa a compor, simultaneamente, uma exigência, uma necessidade, um desafio e uma possibilidade de superação da transitoriedade das soluções até então propostas e aplicadas ao enfrentamento das demandas prementes. No cenário contemporâneo de profusão de redes sociais e digitais, a mediação das TICs apresenta-se como mecanismo estratégico, especialmente, para o campo educacional escolar, no que tange à conformação da cultura do trabalho colaborativo. Como promover ações que viabilizem e deem sustentabilidade às propostas e práticas curriculares e pedagógicas compatíveis com perspectiva de conformação da cultura de trabalho colaborativo docente mediado pelas TICs? Eis um dos grandes desafios do sistema educacional brasileiro para o século XXI. (shrink)

O estudo objetivou investigar a Síndrome de Burnout em professores de Educação Física no período de pandemia de Covid-19. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, na qual a amostra foi constituída por 31 professores de Educação Física do município de Marechal Cândido Rondon/PR. Foram utilizados questionário sociodemográfico e Maslach Burnout Inventory para educadores. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva (média e desvio padrão). Os resultados demonstraram que os índices das dimensões foram classificados como alto para exaustão emocional e médio para (...) realização profissional e despersonalização. Na correlação das variáveis, os dados mostraram fraca correlação negativa entre realização profissional e exaustão emocional e/ou despersonalização. Concluímos que para minimizar os riscos aos professores, destacam-se algumas sugestões: apoio e tratamento emocional, reduzir o excesso de trabalho, proporcionar o aumento de horas atividade, atividades de lazer e exercício físico regular. (shrink)

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os relatos de idolatria apresentados pelos curas e ministros de índios Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón e Jacinto de la Serna, que escreveram, respectivamente, o Tratado de las supersticiones y costumbres gentílicas que ou viven entre los indios naturales desta Nueva España (1629) e o Manual de ministro de indios para el conocimiento de sus idolatrías, y extirpación de ellas (1656), nos quais elaboram planos de ação para o aprimoramento da catequese na colônia. A partir (...) desses relatos, é possível analisar a prática cristã na Nova Espanha do século XVII à luz de um novo regime jurídico eclesiástico surgido com o III Concílio Provincial Mexicano. Dessa forma, busca-se comparar duas fontes que abordam práticas indígenas no contexto colonial e o olhar oficial da Igreja novohispana. (shrink)

IntroductionMother–child interactions during the first years of life have a significant impact on the emotional and cognitive development of the child. In this work, we study how a prenatal diagnosis of malformation may affect maternal representations and the quality of these early interactions. To this end, we conducted a longitudinal observational study of mother–child interactions from the gestational stage until the baby completed 12 months of age.Participants and MethodsWe recruited 250 pregnant women from a local university hospital. Among them, 50 (...) mother–infant dyads participated in all stages of the study. The study group consisted of 25 pregnant women with fetuses with some structural alteration and the control group consisted of 25 pregnant women with fetuses without structural anomalies. We collected obstetric and socio demographic data and pregnancy outcomes. Anxiety and depressive state data were collected using the COVI and Raskin Scales. We video-recorded the mother–infant interactions during several stages, including when the child was a newborn and when the child was 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months of age. The quality of the mother infant interactions were measured using the Coding Interactive Behavior. The interactive moments recorded on video was composed of three different activities, each one lasting appoximately 3 min, which included Free Interaction, where the mother was instructed to interact “as usual” without any toy, Toy Interaction, where the mother and baby played with a puppv, and Song Interaction, where the mother and baby interacted while the mother sang the “Happy Birthday” song.ResultsIn the gestational phase, there was a significant difference between the groups with respect to anxiety and depression scores, which were significantly higher for the study group. In the postnatal phase, we found significant differences between the groups with respect to CIB scales after the child completed 6 months of age: the study group presented significantly higher values of Maternal Sensitivity at 6 months of age, of Baby Involvement at 9 and 12 months of age, and of Dyadic Reciprocity at 6, 9, and 12 months of age, while the control group presented significantly higher values of Withdrawal of the Baby at 6 months of age, and of Dyadic Negative States at 6 and 9 months of age.ConclusionThe support offered by the study favored the mother–infant bond and had a positive effect on the quality of interaction during the first year of life, despite the presence of prenatal diagnosis. (shrink)

Purpose: To analyze how individual characteristics and the social context are associated with mental distress symptoms in the Brazilian population.Method: A multilevel cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey. There were two dependent variables: decreased vital energy and somatic symptoms, the presence of depressive thoughts. The independent variables were biological characteristics, education and income, habits and lifestyle, and context variables. Bivariate analysis was performed, and Prevalence Ratios calculated in a Poisson Regression. A multilevel Poisson Regression was performed (...) to verify the effect of individual and contextual variables.Results: Regarding depressive thoughts, young and middle-aged individuals, low education, women, absence of partner, smokers or former smokers, and absence of health insurance were the categories at highest risk; belonging to classes D-E and living in states with lower expected years of schooling proved to be protective factors. Similar results were found for the second outcome.Conclusions: Symptoms of mental distress were associated with the individual characteristics and contextual aspects of the federation unit. These findings indicate the importance of strengthening psychosocial care aimed at vulnerable groups. (shrink)

A Evolução Biológica é considerada um eixo unificador da Biologia, por estabelecer conexões entre diferentes áreas, tornando o conhecimento biológico mais coerente e inteligível. A Evolução frequentemente é considerada polêmica, com mal-entendidos historicamente difundidos que dificultam sua compreensão. Embora não seja objetivo da Evolução deslegitimar a fé, a religião foi abalada pela publicação de “A Origem das Espécies”. Com o intuito de aproximar o conhecimento evolutivo do cotidiano das pessoas, o programa de extensão “Evolução Para Todos” realiza divulgação científica abordando (...) diferentes temáticas sob a ótica evolutiva. Durante a mesa-redonda “Desmistificando o Ensino de Evolução”, um formulário online foi preenchido voluntariamente pelos ouvintes. Foi possível investigar a influência religiosa na compreensão da teoria evolutiva na concepção de 201 participantes. A maioria deles compreende a ancestralidade comum entre humanos e chimpanzés, e considera que a religião é a principal causa de polêmica em torno da Biologia Evolutiva. Para muitos participantes, é possível conciliar crenças religiosas e Evolução, entretanto uma pequena parcela deles adotou uma postura negacionista em relação a princípios evolutivos e considerou-a incompatível com seus dogmas religiosos. Estes resultados destacam a importância da divulgação científica na desconstrução de paradigmas e na socialização do conhecimento científico para além do meio acadêmico. (shrink)

In this essay we will argue for the following theses: 1- know-how is not a form of practical knowledge devoid of propositional sense; 2- the relationship between each perception and the body itself is metaphysically contingent (organisms and bodies can vary, as can even the spaces they occupy in the same experience vary), 3- it is up to the brain to configure or to shape a physical body (Körper) into a living body (Leib) and not the other way around; 4- (...) phenomenal externalism of enactivist nature, even in its mild form, is empirically implausible: the correlation between the conscious character of sensory experience with spatiotemporal neuronal patterns is much more systematic and regular than with anything outside the brain. But in its radical form is entirely implausible and contra-intuitive: phenomenal duplicates are not necessarily duplicates of agency; in short, 5-we are our own brain that has a body, avatars, and artifacts, properly configured, and molded by the brain, and not a body that has a brain among other essential organs. (shrink)

Residências Integradas Multiprofissionais em Saúde são programas de pós-graduação caracterizados por ensino em serviço. A ULBRA oferece o programa com ênfase em Saúde do Adulto e do Idoso e Saúde Comunitária. Objetiva-se descrever as atividades realizadas em ambiente hospitalar por enfermeiras. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de enfermeiras residentes em relação ao primeiro ano de formação especializada. O primeiro ano de residência abrangeu atividades em unidades de internação, centro cirúrgico e unidade de tratamento intensivo. Diversas foram as atividades desenvolvidas (...) pelas residentes, abrangendo aperfeiçoamento técnico, produção de conhecimento científico e atuação em gestão e gerenciamento. A presença de tutores e preceptores é fundamental no sentido de discutir, orientar e facilitar a inserção e o desenvolvimento profissional do residente. O programa de residência permitiu aperfeiçoar habilidades nos três campos de atuação da categoria: assistência, gerenciamento e pesquisa. (shrink)

Busca-se, com este artigo, discorrer sobre a noção de sabedoria trágica apresentada no último período da filosofia de Nietzsche, no qual o dionisíaco será reafirmado como elemento essencial na compreensão da existência como trágica, não mais necessariamente sob uma justificativa estética, mas a partir da compreensão do eterno retorno como condição do devir. Desse modo, Nietzsche passa a conceber uma existência trágica que consistirá na afirmação mais sublime à vida em toda sua estranheza e inesgotabilidade, afirmada no próprio vir a (...) ser da existência como possibilidade de criar a vida artisticamente. (shrink)

One of the effects of the current COVID-19 pandemic is that low-income countries were pushed further into extreme poverty, exacerbating social inequalities and increasing susceptibility to drug use/abuse in people of all ages. The risks of drug abuse may not be fully understood by all members of society, partly because of the taboo nature of the subject, and partly because of the considerable gap between scientific production/understanding and communication of such knowledge to the public at large. Drug use is a (...) major challenge to social development and a leading cause of school dropout rates worldwide. Some public policies adopted in several countries in recent decades failed to prevent drug use, especially because they focused on imposing combative or coercive measures, investing little or nothing in education and prevention. Here we highlight the role of neuroscience education as a valid approach in drug use education and prevention. We propose building a bridge between schools and scientists by promoting information, student engagement and honest dialogue, and show evidence that public policy regulators should be persuaded to support such science-based education programs in their efforts to effect important positive changes in society. (shrink)

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze sociohistorically how the normative patterns of hegemonic masculinity produced impacts on men’s health/mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA qualitative study from a socio-historical perspective was conducted with 50 men based on an online survey. A semistructured form was applied. The data were analyzed by the Collective Subject Discourse method, interpreted in the light of the context of epidemic disease and hegemonic masculinity.ResultsThe experience of the pandemic exposed the normative patterns of masculinities from (...) the consummation of acts representative of the pandemic context, which incited men to deny the existence of COVID-19 disease and to delay the understanding and adoption of measures to protect and control COVID-19. As a repercussion, men presented conflicts in the regulation of emotions; presented emotional suppression; were more reactive; felt threatened regarding the loss of the role of family provider, virility; and revealed a sense of invulnerability, added to the weakening of self-care.ConclusionThe discourse revealed that the men’s behaviors are consistent with the characteristics of hegemonic masculinity, but express signs of recognition that this behavior causes harm to themselves and their health. (shrink)

Celso de Souza Machado publicou, em 1987, um artigo intitulado “O ensino da Sociologia na escola secundária brasileira: levantamento preliminar”, escrito quando ainda era aluno do curso de graduação em Ciências Sociais da USP. Esse artigo se tornou referência na área e talvez seja a primeira iniciativa de trabalho científico de que se tem conhecimento sobre o ensino de sociologia no Brasil. Nesta entrevista, o autor relembra o processo de elaboração dessa pesquisa que ganhou projeção por remontar a (...) trajetória histórica da sociologia na educação básica. Além disso, ele recupera a discussão sobre o ensino de sociologia na década de 1980, momento em que o retorno gradual dessa disciplina às escolas pedia um debate sobre programas de ensino, conteúdos e materiais didáticos, do qual Celso Machado participou ativamente. A entrevista foi concedida a Anita Handfas e Alexandre Fraga. (shrink)

Features of threatening cues and the associated context influence the perceived imminence of threat and the defensive responses evoked. To provide additional knowledge about how the directionality of a threat (i.e. directed-towards or away from the viewer) might impact defensive responses in humans, participants were shown pictures of a man carrying a gun (threat) or nonlethal object (neutral) directed-away from or towards the participant. Cardiac and electrodermal responses were collected. Compared to neutral images, threatening images depicting a gun directed-towards the (...) participant induced sustained bradycardia and an increased electrodermal response, interpreted as immobility under attack. This defensive immobility reaction is evoked by high perceived threat and inescapable situations and indicates intense action preparation. Pictures of guns directed-away from the participant induced shorter bradycardia and no significant modulation of the electrodermal response compared to neutral pictures, which might be consistent with the perception of a less threatening situation. The results show that the directionality of threat stimuli is a key factor that prompts different patterns of defensive responses. (shrink)

In this essay we will argue for the following theses: 1- know-how is not a form of practical knowledge devoid of propositional sense; 2- the relationship between each perception and the body itself is metaphysically contingent. 3- it is up to the brain to configure or to shape a physical body (Körper) into a living body (Leib) and not the other way around; 4- phenomenal externalism of enactivist nature, even in its mild form, is empirically implausible: the correlation between the (...) conscious character of sensory experience with spatiotemporal neuronal patterns is much more systematic and regular than with anything outside the brain. But in its radical form is entirely implausible and contra-intuitive: phenomenal duplicates are not necessarily duplicates of agency; in short, 5-we are our own brain that has a body, avatars, and artifacts, properly configured and molded by the brain, and not a body that has a brain among other essential organs. (shrink)

This manuscript presents an approach of the mathematical raids on the evolution theory. The central idea is to show the fundamental role of mathematics in the improvement of the Darwinian mechanism, highlighting a theoretical reformulation based on the natural laws and the metaphysical component.

Naturalist theories of representation have been attacked on the grounds of being too liberal on the minimal conditions for intentionality: they treat several states that are not representational as genuine representations. Behind this attack lies the problem of demarcation: what are the minimal conditions for intentionality that a state should satisfy to be genuinely representational? What are the limits of intentionality? This paper develops a dual proposal to solve this problem. First, I defend the explanatory role criterion in order to (...) assess proposals of minimal conditions for intentionality. I start by proposing the success pattern condition: a state represents a given external feature provided that there is a success pattern present in the behavioural output, and the system uses this state as a proxy for the presence of this external feature. However, this condition is not sufficient for minimal intentionality – there are both intentional and non-intentional success patterns. Another minimal condition is, hence, required to draw this distinction. I propose the constancy mechanism condition: a state is representational provided that the system employs a constancy mechanism in its production. The success pattern and constancy mechanism conditions jointly constitute the dual proposal for minimal intentionality. I argue that this proposal is explanatorily justified and, so, properly demarcates the limits of intentionality. (shrink)

AS BODAS DE PRATA DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988.

This article offers to reflect the matter of knowledge of God in contemporary, while marked by a predominantly secular context. Our theoretical assumption is the human condition, always in search of a vital sense. In principle, we will do an explanation of the foundations of God’s knowledge, a second time, we will discourse on a critical analysis of the speech of God in contemporary times, and finally reflect on the challenge of today's man to know God, even when thought to (...) be possible, or even feasible, ignore it. (shrink)

O presente artigo teve como objetivo comparar os resultados do desempenho cognitivo de crianças e jovens diagnosticados com os diferentes subtipos do Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) na Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para Crianças (WISC-III). Foram analisados dados dos regis..

In this article, based on the most important William of Ockham’s O. Min. writings, we analyze his ideias concerning the origins of the imperial and secular power. Founded in the Paul’s doctrine omnis potestas a Deo, but enlarged, per homines, and also on the ideas of his Franciscan brothers which lived before, which articulated the concepts of proprietas and domininum, in order to explain the human origins of the both, on the one hand, Ockham refuses not only the hierocratic theory, (...) but also Marsilius of Padua thought about this subject, and, on the other hand, he offers his contribution for this subject, according with which, nor the Empire neither the Estates are completely subordinated to the Church, nor the Church is subordinated for the secular power, because, referring its origins, both, Church and Estates are different origins, the first has a divine proceeding, the others, are immediately a human provenance and, because, in its specific spheres of action the spiritual power and the secular power do not depend one of the other and vice versa.Neste artigo, fundamentado nos principais escritos de Guilherme de Ockham, O. Min., analisamos sua concepção a respeito das origens dos poderes imperial e secular. Ancorado no versículo paulino omnis potestas a Deo, mas ampliado, sed per homines e, igualmente, nas ideias dos confrades que o antecederam, os quais relacionaram entre si os conceitos proprietas e dominium, com vista a explicar as origens humanas dos mesmos, de um lado, ele rebate tanto a teoria hierocrata quanto a de Marsílio de Pádua, relativas ao tema em exame e, de outro, oferece sua contribuição ao mesmo, mediante a qual, nem o Império nem os Estados estão completamente subordinados à Igreja, nem esta está submissa ao poder terreno, porque, quanto às origens de ambos, a Igreja tem uma procedência divina e os Estados e o Império têm imediatamente uma origem humana e, ainda, porque nas esferas respectivas de atuação, os poderes espiritual e secular independem um do outro. (shrink)

Resumo: Examinar-se á o conceito de verdade pragmática em uma perspectiva que poderia ser denominada de pragmática. Assim, pretende-se apresentar, de um ponto de vista lógico-formal, a idéia de verdade pragmática num sentido de que uma proposição é pragmaticamente verdadeira se e somente se, em determinado contexto, tudo se passa como se ela fosse verdadeira do ponto de vista correspondencial. Ora, A. Tarski, em 1933, ao examinar o conceito de verdade nas linguagens formalizadas forneceu uma definição precisa de verdade inaugurando (...) assim os estudos semânticos e criando o que hoje entendemos por teoria dos modelos. Da mesma forma, Mikemberg, Chuaqui e da Costa, em um trabalho de 1986, forneceram uma noção precisa de quase verdade que pode ser considerada uma espécie de versão do conceito pragmático de verdade. Apresentar-se-á, em linhas gerais, o conceito formal de quase-verdade, junto com alguns desenvolvimentos que foram obtidos a partir do mesmo em problemas de filosofia da ciência.: It's our goal to analyze the concept of pragmatic truth in a perspective that could be called pragmatic. Therefore, we intend to present, from a formal=logic point of view, the idea of pragmatic truth, as meaning a proposition which Is pragmactilly truthful, if and only if, in a determinate context, everything runs as it was truthful in a correspondential perspective. In 1933, A Tarski, while examining the truth concept in formalized languages, gave a precise definition of truth inaugurating with it the semantic studies and creating what we understand, in our days, as theory of models. In the same way, Mikenberg, Chuaqui and da Costa, in a work of 1986, conceived a precise notion of almost-truth, which can be considered as a version of pragmatic truth conception. We intend to show, in general ways, the formal concept of almost-truth among some developments obtained from this same concept in philosophy of science. (shrink)

In this study, based in the main political works of D. Fr. Alvarus Pelagius O. Min. (c. 1270- c.1350) we analyze his conception on the origin or efficient cause of the spiritual power and, also, his thought about the finality or final cause of the mentioned power. Referring to the first topic, the Bishop of Silves wants principally refutes some Marsilius of Padua’s thesis contained in the Second Dictio of his Defensor Pacis, completely different of the theology of the catholic (...) priesthood and their hierarchic degrees and the Peter’s Primacy. With this purpose, ad litteram, he bases, between other sources, specially, in James’ of Viterbo OSA De regimine christiano (1301). Concerning the finality of the spiritual power, on the one hand, Alvarus supports the Church’s traditional thought about this matter and, the other hand, by consequence, as member and defender of the hierocratic thought, he defends the thesis according which, in the Societas Christiana, the priests, the bishops and, principally, the Roman Pontiff hold the most important position concerning the secular rulers. (shrink)

The present study assessed the language teachers' pedagogical beliefs and orientations in integrating technology in the online classroom and its effect on students' motivation and engagement. It utilized a cross-sectional correlational research survey. The study respondents were the randomly sampled 205 language teachers (μ= 437, n= 205) and 317 language students (μ= 1800, n= 317) of select higher educational institutions in the Philippines. The study results revealed that respondents hold positive pedagogical beliefs and orientations using technology-based teaching in their language (...) classroom. Test of difference showed that female teachers manifested a firmer belief in student-centered online language teaching than their male counterparts. However, the utilization and attitude towards technology in the language classroom is favorably associated with the male teachers. As to students' level of language learning motivation and engagement, it was found out that male and female students have high level of language learning engagement. Further, the test of relationship showed that the higher the teachers' belief in utilizing student-centered teaching to integrate technology in the language classroom, the higher the students are motivated and engaged in learning. In like manner, it was also revealed that teacher-centered belief is negatively correlated to student’s motivation and engagement in online language learning. In this regard, the pedagogical assumptions that hold EFL teachers positively to integrate technology in the language classroom. This study generally offers implications for enhancing language teacher's digital literacy to promote motivating, fruitful, and engaging language lessons for 21ts century learning. (shrink)

Este artigo explora as relações entre história e literatura considerando a literatura um testemunho que pode ser lido, desconstruído e submetido ao mesmo escrutínio ao qual os historiadores submetem outras fontes que lhes permitam ter acesso à compreensão de redes e tensões sociais mais amplas. Nele são utilizadas poesias publicadas no cancioneiro Trovador: coleção de modinhas, recitativos, árias, lundus, etc.., com o objetivo de mostrar como seus autores estabeleceram um diálogo entre si e com seus leitores acerca de um assunto (...) candente do seu tempo - o progresso e seus desdobramentos para o cotidiano da sociedade – utilizando-se da literatura como instrumento de intervenção na realidade. A partir desses pressupostos, a experiência histórica vivida por escritores é considerada condição básica de análise, bem como texto e contexto são percebidos como dimensões indissociáveis de um fenômeno mais amplo que é ao mesmo tempo, cultural, econômico, social e político devendo ser abordados em conjunto levando-se em conta suas conexões recíprocas. (shrink)

This text, originally the chapter 4 of BERNSTEIN, Richard, The Pragmatic Turn , Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2010, is published in this issue of Philósophos Journal by editor and author's license, courtesy to Prof. Dr. José Chrisóstomo de Souza, Coordinator of the Pragmatic Poetics research group and the International Center for the Study of Dewey and Pragmatism (CEDEP, FFCH/UFBA), the author of this translation, that, in this work counted on a participation of Ana Cabral as a member of the (...) GPPP. (shrink)

Designing Indicators for a Plural Legal World engages with the role of quantification in law, and its impact on law and development and judicial reform. It seeks to examine how different institutions shape and influence the making and use of legal indicators globally. This book sheds light on the limitations of existing quantification tools, which measure rule of law due to their lack of engagement with contexts and countries in the Global South. It offers an alternative framework for measurement, which (...) moves away from an institutional look at rule of law, to a bottom up, user centered approach that places importance on the lives that people lead, and the challenges that they face. In doing so, it offers a way of thinking about access to justice in terms of human capabilities. (shrink)

Les migrations se font maintenant plutôt vers les pays du Sud, refuges de 80 % des demandeurs d’asile. 4 % des Brésiliens sont étrangers, ce qui est faible du fait d’une législation défavorable élaborée pendant la dictature. Les immigrants viennent de Colombie et du Congo, après être venus d’Angola. Ces derniers se sont établis dans le quartier le plus pauvre de Rio. Malgré leur pauvreté, les étrangers participent par leur désir de changement à la nouvelle multitude locale.

The historical-cultural theory of Intellectual Disability overcompensation/compensation is referenced in several studies, but little empirical evidence is presented to corroborate this thesis. In this work, 13 current studies were analysed about the behavioural profile of people with Down syndrome, a case of neurobiological ID, published in the last 15 years, in order to verify the possibility of dialogue with the theorizing about compensation. Despite contributing to an up to date understanding of DS, the results point to similarities between different scientific (...) traditions allowing discussions regarding methodologies, data interpretation, language comprehension, and the impact of the studies for school inclusion and the development of people with ID/DS. It is concluded that the theorization in question is pertinent to developmental studies, dialogues with other perspectives and that its progress depends on investigations directed to the affective motivators/emotions of the person with ID/DS by means of more interpretative methodologies. Keywords: Down syndrome, compensation, behavioural profile, Intellectual Disabilities Development. (shrink)

la82 12.00 Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} O presente artigo analisará a importância da Ilíada e da Odisséia no processo de preservaçáo da memória, da cultura e do passado grego, destacando sua influência nas esferas da política, da arte, da ciência e da filosofia. Nossa análise (...) se dá a partir da influência da tradiçáo poética no processo constitutivo da cultura grega, tomando como base o papel educativo e normativo que a poesia sempre exerceu entre os gregos. No tratamento dessa questáo mostraremos que, de Homero e Hesíodo a Platáo, a cultura grega mostra-se completamente impregnada pelos efeitos da poesia na formaçáo ética, política e pedagógica das crianças e dos jovens. (shrink)

Buscamos neste texto refletir sobre a leitura literária e a leitura escolarizada do leitor em formação, mediante a análise de parte dos dados coletados em investigação realizada com crianças do Ensino Fundamental. Tratase da compreensão dos processos de recepção de textos literários por parte de leitores-aprendizes do oeste paulista. A discussão sobre a temática remete ao lugar da leitura literária e como ela vem sendo acolhida na escola.

O autor, em uma abordagem do conjunto da obra de Rosenzweig à luz tanto dos grandes desafios filosóficos contemporâneos como da dialética entre distância e proximidade que sua específica posição possibilita, apresenta, desde a ideia geral de um pensamento que se rearticula em torno ao tema da paz, alguns dos elementos que permitem a concepção filosófica de um “pensamento pacífico”, ou “pensamento ético”, naquela obra e além dela, no sentido de uma “estética da paz”.