Artículos Naturaleza, carácter y violencia: derivas a partir de Schopenhauer. Nature, character and violence: roads from Schopenhauer. Grave, Crescenciano Sobre la posibilidad de un fundamento analógico y simbólico. Ensayo de hermenéutica analógica. About the possibility of an analogical and symbolic fundament. Essay of analogical hermeneutic.Maldonado, Rebeca Consideraciones biojurídicas sobre la vida en el embrión humano. Biojuridical considerations on life of the human embryo. Parra Tapia, Ivonne La Europa unificada según Leibniz: irenismo y política. A unified Europe according to Leibniz: irenism (...) and politics. Rensoli Laliga, Lourdes Repensar el "dilema" comunitarista-liberal en Venezuela. To rethink the communitarism-liberalism "dilemma" in Venezuela. Seoane C., Javier B. Una introducción a la doctrina platónica del alma. An introduction to the platonic doctrine of the soul. Suzzarini, Andrés De vuelta al tribuno. Back to the tribune. Terán Pimentel, Milagros Discusiones en torno a la reparación del daño moral. Discussions about the redress of pain and suffering. Vielma Mendoza, Yoleida Interdisciplinares El giro en la obra de Milan Kundera: un reflejo de la contemporaneidad. The turning on Milan Kundera´s work: a reflex of contemporaneity. Pérez Lo Presti, Alirio Aproximación histórica sobre el consumo de drogas en Venezuela. Historical approach about drug consumption in Venezuela. Salazar, Teresa Informaciones Índice acumulado. (shrink)

La tecnologia, nel suo significato moderno, č essenzialmente scienza applicata e come tale si basa su conoscenze teoriche. Anche nel Messico pre-coloniale la tecnologia era presente, come risulta chiaramente dall'esistenza di osservatori astronomici e di calendari molto precisi. Una caratteristica generale di questa tecnologia, per altro, č il fatto che essa implicava una gran quantitŕ di conoscenze scientifiche e notevoli abilitŕ costruttive, ma era inoltre tesa a esprimere un ricco ventaglio di significati riguardanti valori umani, il senso della vita e (...) dell'universo, oltre a concezioni etiche. Ciň viene mostrato attraverso la discussione dei due esempi sopra menzionati, ossia gli osservatori e i calendari. (shrink)

Today, the skills-based approach is increasingly in demand by companies due, in large part, to the fact that it favors the management of human resources by focusing on individual capabilities; which, finally, improves the job profile of a company. As a result, choosing the right candidates has become increasingly selective. Universities, therefore, need to teach skills to improve the incorporation of graduates into the workplace making it as successful as possible. For this reason, it is of special relevance to know (...) if college students consider that the acquisition of skills is key for their incorporation into the workplace. The main objective of this study was to analyze and compare the importance assigned to the acquisition of basic skills in the university education of 694 students studying four different bachelor degrees: pedagogy, early childhood education, primary education, and psychology. For this purpose, a Likert-type questionnaire on basic skills was distributed with four possible options and the following five dimensions that grouped basic skills: organizational and planning capacity; access to information sources; analysis and synthesis of texts, situations, and people; teamwork; and problem solving. The results show that as a whole all students across different bachelor degrees gave a high score to the acquisition of basic skills, with early childhood education students giving it greater importance compared to the students from other disciplines and, more specifically, differences were observed in some dimensions depending on the bachelor degree that they have started. (shrink)

The origins of the legend of Anju and Zushio, children cruelly torn from their mother and sold to Sansho, are lost in the Middle Ages, but it was “Ôgai” Mori Rintarô who gave it literary status when he published the historical tale Sansho dayu in 1915. The analysis details the important symbolic role played by birds in freedom and the hunting of birds. The bird, symbol of freedom and autonomy. In parallel, an antagonism, the hunting of birds. Death and the (...) bird complement a bipolarity of symbolic content present throughout the work. (shrink)

Anthropological Locations: Boundaries and Grounds of. Field Science. Akhil Gupta and James Ferguson eds. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press. 1997. viii. 275 pp. $45.00 (cloth); $16.95 (paper).

In this article I issue a challenge to philosophers engaged in constructing logical languages. Formal languages that have had a great influence on various areas of philosophy have ineffable statements that arise from metaphysical assumptions, thus limiting what we can do with them. I deal with two cases. The case of Frege known as “The paradox of the concept horse”, and that of Kripke that is not as famous as the Fregean problem, which I call “The necessary bearing of the (...) name.” I briefly develop each case and show that together they give us sufficient evidence of the limits of what we can do with logic when the formal systems employ unexamined metaphysical assumptions. (shrink)

Esse artigo pretende responder à seguinte pergunta: Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a moralidade? Essa questão será desdobrada em três outras: 1) Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a determinação do correto moralmente?; 2) Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a motivação moral?; e 3) Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a ação moral? Para responder a essas questões, usa dois modelos distintos: o de Prinz, tal como apresentado no livro The emotional constructions of morals e o de Kant. (...) Tenta mostrar que Prinz responde positivamente às três questões e que há dois modelos possíveis de compreender a teoria kantiana, que dariam respostas diferentes às questões 2 e 3. Palavras-chave: Emoção. Sentimento. Moralidade. Prinz. Kant. (shrink)

Proper names interpreted as rigid designators do not allow us to formulate metalinguistic statements of the form ‘NN might not have been named “NN”’. All we can do is to show what we are trying to say. But we cannot properly formulate such a metalinguistic statement about a rigid name. The rigidity of the name establishes a relationship with its bearer that is much stronger than the contingent relationship that is supposed to exist in the natural languages between the name (...) and its bearer. The sentence is intuitively true as expressed in natural languages, but once we translate it, if possible, into Kripkean formal semantics it is false because once the individual is rigidly named, she cannot have been named otherwise; or even worse, as I suspect, the whole sentence is untranslatable, because in Kripkean formal semantics there is no possible world in which she would not have had the name she rigidly has. This problem in Kripkean semantics could well be termed, as Wittgenstein would say, an ineffability. Kripkean semantics makes the actual contingent property anyone has of bearing a proper name ineffable, notwithstanding it is effable in natural languages. Keywords: rigid names, metalinguistic statements, rigid quoted names, ineffability. (shrink)

The humanism and the end of philosophy. The humanism is a topic of the contemporary thought. It pretends to be the only defence of the human being in the time of the scientific rationality, without being able to offer a positive content about the essence of the man. With special attention to the Heidegger's Letter on the "humanism", this paper shows the paradoxes of the humanism after the end of philosophy.

This article examines the recent Council of Europe Convention on violence against women through the lens of postcolonial feminist critiques. The article argues that, while there is certainly cause for optimism, the Convention still falls into some of the traps identified by postcolonial feminists. The Convention largely circumvents the stigmatising risks that arise from framing certain VAW forms primarily as a problem of some ‘cultures’. Yet dangers linger in the Convention’s approach to ‘honour’ as an unacceptable justification for VAW. Inherent (...) risks also remain in the vulnerability frame through which the Convention views migrant, refugee, and asylum-seeker women. Applied uncritically, these approaches risk re-inscribing images of inherently powerless women victimised by their non-European ‘cultures,’ reminiscent of colonial times. (shrink)

This volume is both a state-of-the-art display of current thinking on second language development as a complex system. It is also a tribute to Diane Larsen-Freeman for her decades of intellectual leadership in the academic disciplines of applied linguistics and second language acquisition. The chapters therein range from theoretical expositions to methodological analyses, pedagogical proposals, and conceptual frameworks for future research. In a balanced and in-depth manner, the authors provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary understanding of second language development, with a (...) wealth of insights that promise to break the status-quo of current research and take it to exciting new territory. The book will appeal to both seasoned and novice researchers in applied linguistics, second language acquisition, bilingualism, cognitive psychology, and education, as well as to practitioners in second or foreign language teaching of any language. (shrink)

La llamada gestación subrogada es una práctica cada vez más difundida en varios países del mundo. Tras las apariencias de una supuesta libertad de las mujeres para disponer libremente de su cuerpo, se esconde la realidad de una explotación de las mujeres pertenecientes a los grupos social y geográficamente más vulnerables, que tiene todas las características de una forma moderna de esclavitud puesta al servicio de conspicuos intereses económicos. Las raíces de este fenómeno se encuentran en una tradición secular de (...) desvalorización de la mujer y de su corporeidad que ha impregnado las más diversasculturas y que aún hoy continúa, de forma latente, a pesar del reconocimiento oficial de su igual dignidad a nivel legal. (shrink)

Este trabalho pretende analisar a implementação do Art. 26-A (Lei 9394/96), na escola pública brasileira, buscando contribuir com os debates sobre os desafios que impedem a presença ou não da cultura africana, afro-brasileira e indígena, nos currículos escolares. Analisamos que os pensamentos se transformam em práticas de governamentalidade, para a qual a geopolítica associa-se ao biopoder, catalisando estratégias de controle social. Nesta questão, valemo-nos do conceito da colonialidade do poder para discutir as identidades demandadas e articuladas, e de como o (...) racismo estrutural transita em suas várias dimensões. Assim, o percurso metodológico passa pela análise de artigos sobre o tema, tomando as publicações do ano de 2023, quando a legislação completa 20 anos. A leitura conduz ao pensamento racial de alguns intelectuais sobre a formação social brasileira, concluindo se manter uma prática pedagógica de homogeneidade social e cultural no espaço escolar. Nela, o mito da democracia racial está ainda vigorando como perspectiva histórico-cultural pós abolição da escravidão, engendrando assim uma geopolítica de longa duração, que se faz pela negação das identidades no cotidiano escolar e preservação da ordem social. (shrink)

Si durante siglos el Derecho Eclesiástico se identificó con el conjunto de normas emanadas de la Iglesia Católica, considerándose como sinónimo del Derecho Canónico, el proceso histórico de formación del mismo se iniciaría cuando el Estado se considera legitimado para legislar en materias eclesiásticas, defendiendo su propia soberanía frente al monopolio de la competencia del Derecho de la Iglesia, hasta entonces pacíficamente reconocido, fenómeno que se produjo de forma diversa en los países católicos que en aquellos en que triunfó la (...) reforma protestante. Su consolidación como Ciencia jurídica autónoma, primero en Italia y, posteriormente en España, desde la perspectiva actual del Estado moderno, no se explica ya, sin embargo, como el fruto de un intervencionismo estatal en materia religiosa sino sobre la base del reconocimiento, tutela y promoción de los derechos humanos y, en particular, del derecho de libertad religiosa.If the historical training process of the Ecclesiastic Law was begun when the State was considered legitimated to legislate in ecclesiastic matters, defending its own front sovereignty against the monopoly of the domain of the Law of the Church, at present, its consolidation as autonomous legal Science has been possible thanks to the recognition, tutela and promotion of the human rights and, in particular, of the right to religious freedom. (shrink)

Los niños con malformaciones congénitas que antes eran incompatibles con la vida, ahora pueden mantenerse en vida, pero habitualmente el defecto subyacente y sus consecuencias no pueden mejorarse. Durante este periodo surge el dilema de reanimar, continuar un tratamiento agresivo, o bien no tomarninguna actitud activa ante un determinado caso. Por eso, muchos neonatólogos se plantean ahora una aplicación selectiva de las opciones terapéuticas (lo que algunos llaman tratamiento selectivo). Sin embargo, algunos problemas estrictamente médicos hacen dificil la aplicación de (...) un tratamiento selectivo neonatal. En primer lugar, es complicado establecer un diagnóstico preciso en un rn. En segundo lugar, el pronóstico es muchas veces incierto. En tercerlugar, la actuación médica es en muchas ocasiones urgente y no puede demorarse salvo a costa de disminuir las posibilidades de supervivencia o aumentar el riesgo de secuelas posteriores en el niño. Por ahora, no hay critérios médicos fiables para valorar en la sala de parto si un prematuro extremo de bajo peso (PEBP) en concreto sobrevivirá. Si sobrevive es poco posible predecir si será normal o quedará leve o gravemente dañado. Por consihuiente, por una parte,para algunos niños un tratamiento agresivo no sólo no se puede probar que sea beneficioso, sino que incluso puede serles perjudicial. Por otra parte podemos pensar que un bebé no tratado enérgicamente podría haber sobrevivido razonablemente intacto con la aplicación de una terapia más agresiva. Es un dilema cruél. Las opciones pueden estar no tanto entre "correctos" e "incorrectos" absolutos, como entre bienes y daños mayores o menores. (shrink)

Child-to-parent violence has dramatically risen in the last decade, becoming a concerning issue in many countries, so research on this issue has also increased. However, most of the studies on this topic have been conducted with samples of adolescents, and very few with samples of parents. In addition, the variety of assessment instruments does not reflect the elements of this type of violence. Thus, the current study was aimed to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Child-to-parent Violence (...) Questionnaire, parents’ version, in a sample of Spanish parents of adolescents. Moreover, the prevalence rates of the different types of violence and the reasons for violence were also examined. A total of 1,012 Spanish parents of adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years old were assessed using the CPV-Q-P. Data indicated a matrix of four factors with 14 items, assessing psychological violence, physical violence, financial violence, and control/domain over parents, and two factors with 8 items capturing the reasons for child-to-parent violence, with adequate psychometric properties. The more frequent type of violence was control and domain over parents, followed by psychological, financial, and physical violence, with no significant differences between mothers and fathers. Otherwise, instrumental reasons were more frequent than reactive types, with no differences between mothers and fathers. The CPV-Q-P is a useful instrument to assess child-to-parent violence from the parents’ perspective in both professional and research settings. (shrink)