The present article provides a mereological analysis of Euclid’s planar geometry as presented in the first two books of his Elements. As a standard of comparison, a brief survey of the basic concepts of planar geometry formulated in a set-theoretic framework is given in Section 2. Section 3.2, then, develops the theories of incidence and order using a blend of mereology and convex geometry. Section 3.3 explains Euclid’s “megethology”, i.e., his theory of magnitudes. In Euclid’s system of geometry, megethology takes (...) over the role played by the theory of congruence in modern accounts of geometry. Mereology and megethology are connected by Euclid’s Axiom 5: “The whole is greater than the part.” Section 4 compares Euclid’s theory of polygonal area, based on his “Whole-Greater-Than-Part” principle, to the account provided by Hilbert in his Grundlagen der Geometrie. An hypothesis is set forth why modern treatments of geometry abandon Euclid’s Axiom 5. Finally, in Section 5, the adequacy of atomistic mereology as a framework for a formal reconstruction of Euclid’s system of geometry is discussed. (shrink)

That the same story can be told in different media is one of the fundamental claims of narratology. Claude Bremond famously listed verbal narrative, novels, theater, movies and ballet among potential vehicles for story. He thus prepared the ground for narratology’s future as a discipline engaged in narrative research across media, in principle including single still pictures. However, narratological research concerned with pictorial narrativity generally proceeds from the assumption that although single pictures may evoke or imply stories, they are unsuitable (...) for storytelling in a strict narratological sense. Focusing on the key issue of temporality, this essay will show that a single still picture may indeed tell “a story proper” and can thus be regarded as a narrative, even according to a narrow definition. (shrink)

Freedom is not identical with spontaneous willingness, as it was thought by Fichte. In the famous quarrel between Erasmus of Rotterdam and Luther is shown, that this idea of freedom has its origin in religious experience. Before this concept of freedom was identified with free will, Luther did understand human will as slavery of a will, which only by grace can be redeemed from bad influences and which leads to an understanding of liberty that is more humble and sensible. Fichte (...) succeeded in finding out that liberty is founded on interpersonal requests as basic condition that corresponds to this sensible point of view. But this is only a subjective phenomenon which by this manner, with regard to human behaviour, would be a reliable principle. In accordance to Luther’s grammatical interpretation of the indicative form of biblical speech, considering the Ten Commandments in the indicative Form, not imperatively, this good sense might also have inaugurated the Translation into the lawful conduct of human rights. As far as the law is concerned, this could be seen as a first step in realizing the idea of liberty. Freiheit lasst sich nicht als Spontaneitat wie bei Fichte bestimmen. Vielmehr wird am Streit zwischen Erasmus von Rotterdam und Luther erkennbar, wie sich Freiheit aus der inneren religiosen Erfahrung selbst in der Spontaneitat als ›Freiheit eines Christenmenschen‹ trotz Verneinung des freien Willens zeigt. Fichte ist es zwar gelungen, die innere Erfahrung der Freiheit intersubjektiv bedingt in der ›Aufforderung‹ nachzuweisen. Daraus ergibt sich Willensfreiheit als eine Stufe, fur welche die religiose Freiheit einen Verzicht auf en subjektiven Herrschaftswillen bereithalt. Freiheit im Recht lasst sich dann, analog zu Luthers Analyse des indikativen biblischen Sprachgebrauchs zur Kennzeichnung gottlichen Gebots, schon in der Einhaltung des Rechts aus indikativem Verstandnis seiner Gesetzmasigkeit erkennen. (shrink)

Article Ein Seismograph der Disziplin Interkulturelle Kommunikation. Rezension von: Anne Schreiter, Deutsch- Chinesische Arbeitswelten: Einblicke in den interkulturellen Unternehmensalltag in Deutschland und China was published on March 1, 2016 in the journal Zeitschrift für Kultur- und Kollektivwissenschaft (volume 2, issue 1).

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In as far as every philosophy appears at a certain point in time it later inevitably becomes a historical fact. If its content is then to be recognizable, if it is to be reclaimed as philosophy in the present, then we ourselves must have a philosophical conception of history and, furthermore, a conception of philosophy's own historicity. Only since Kant has modern metaphysics expressly and methodically developed such a conception within its systematic claim to truth. Moreover, for the presentday philosophy (...) and its relationship to a completed metaphysics such a conception is indispensable - under the presupposition that the history of philosophy is to be taken seriously as philosophy. (shrink)