La llamada transición al paradigma digital está erosionando la autonomía del campo cultural que se había conseguido durante los siglos XIX y XX, subyugándolo a las dinámicas económicas y tecnológicas. Sin embargo, el discurso hegemónico tiende a interpretar esta como un proceso netamente positivo para la creatividad, centrando la atención en el aumento de la disponibilidad de recursos informativos y de herramientas para la creación. No obstante, un análisis desde las teorías y los conceptos de la sociología de la cultura (...) nos revela un balance más ambivalente. Si bien la noción de autoría y creación puede ser interpretada desde un punto de vista más cooperativo y relativista, es discutible que pueda ser eliminada. Además, si bien el análisis de la intermediación cultural debe tener en cuenta el papel más complejo y activo de los intermediarios, difícilmente se puede concebir el sistema cultural sin su existencia. En definitiva, el artículo se propone contrastar los discursos sobre la transición a lo digital con las teorías clásicas y contemporáneas de la sociología de la cultura para, de este modo, plantear futuras líneas de investigación sociológica sobre las consecuencias en los agentes y en la industria cultural en su conjunto. Con ello se pretende generar una perspectiva neutral que tenga en consideración los efectos sociales y sistémicos de la tecnología en la creatividad de los sectores culturales. (shrink)

We prove a number of results on the determinacy of σ-projective sets of reals, i.e., those belonging to the smallest pointclass containing the open sets and closed under complements, countable unions, and projections. We first prove the equivalence between σ-projective determinacy and the determinacy of certain classes of games of variable length <ω^2 (Theorem 2.4). We then give an elementary proof of the determinacy of σ-projective sets from optimal large-cardinal hypotheses (Theorem 4.4). Finally, we show how to generalize the proof (...) to obtain proofs of the determinacy of σ-projective games of a given countable length and of games with payoff in the smallest σ-algebra containing the projective sets, from corresponding assumptions (Theorem 5.1, Theorem 5.4). (shrink)

The consent process for publication of clinical images in medical journals varies widely. The extent of this variation is not known. It is also not known whether journals follow their own stated best practices or the guidance of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. We assessed consent requirements in a sample of 10 top impact factor general medicine journals that publish clinical images, examining variability in consent requirements for clinical image publication and congruence of requirements with the recommendations of (...) the ICMJE. Clinical image consent requirements varied widely from journal to journal. None of the studied journals, even amongst n = 4 ICMJE members or n = 8 journals who self-report adherence to ICMJE guidelines, comply with all of the recommendations of the ICMJE. Half of studied journals require a journal-specific consent form. Among top medical journals there is significant heterogeneity in consent requirements for clinical images. Variability of consent requirements is neither practical nor rational; inconsistent requirements create uncertainty for authors, present impediments to dissemination of scholarship, and undermine a shared professional understanding of how best to protect patient privacy. We propose adopting a standardized consent form and process for publication of identifiable images in medical journals, with uniform elements and explicit definitions. (shrink)

IntroductionThe 2019–2020 pandemic COVID-19 has become a global health crisis. While many recent studies on COVID-19 pandemic have focused on disease epidemiology and psychological status of patients, few have explored the multi-facet influential factors or combined perspectives from both the patients and healthcare workers. The purposes of this study were to: analyze the influencing factors of psychological distress of COVID-19 patients; and describe the experience of healthcare workers relieving psychological distress.Materials and MethodsThis study uses a mixed-method cross-sectional design, including a (...) quantitative study and a qualitative study, targeting two populations: COVID-19 patient and health workers, respectively. In the quantitative part, we recruited a convenience sample of patients with COVID-19 from five hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei Province from 10 to 15 April, 2020. Besides, we collected data by using participants’ socio-demographic information sheet, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, the Herth Hope Index, the Distress Thermometer, the Revised Chinese Version of Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale, and the Chinese Version of Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale. In the qualitative part, the participants were healthcare workers involved in medical aid missions in Hubei Province, China. Meanwhile, we used sampling with convenient and purposive, data collection with a semi-structured online video interview, and text transcription with Colaizzi’s phenomenological method.ResultsThe results reveal that 25.7% of patients reported higher level of psychological distress. After controlling the sociodemographic variables, only severity of COVID-19 and uncertainty in illness shown significant effect on psychological distress in the regression model. The experience of healthcare workers emerged five themes: Particularly needed psychological care, Manifestation of negative emotion, Manifestation of proactive adaptation, Strategies relieving psychological distress, and gains of healthcare workers after delivering effective psychological care.ConclusionThe 25.7% of patients with COVID-19 still suffered from psychological distress, which should receive timely attention from healthcare workers. And the severity of the disease and disease uncertainty have a significant impact on distress. It is critical to train the healthcare workers on detecting the different manifestation of psychological distress, offering timely disease related information, and applying communication strategies. (shrink)

This study aimed to develop the Three-Dimensional Filial Piety Scale and explore its psychometric properties. Based on Wang’s Three-Dimensional Filial Piety Model, our study employed a review of the current literature, in-depth interviews, and feedback from experts and the target group. An initial 36-item scale using a bipolar Likert 6-point rating scale was developed. Then item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted with sample 1 (n = 617) to explore the dimensions and final items, and a 15-item scale with (...) three factors was obtained. After that, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to validate the 3-factor structure obtained through exploratory factor analysis with sample 2 (n = 585). Next, we tested criterion-related validity with sample 3 (n = 248) and test-retest reliability with sample 4 (n = 67). The results supported the model on which this scale was based and showed three dimensions of filial piety, namely the balance of interests, good affections, and family role norms. As a valid, reliable scale, the Three-Dimensional Filial Piety Scale can therefore be used in the Chinese context to measure filial piety for people of different genders, ages, and cohabitation situations. (shrink)

"Vocablo infaltable en todas las corrientes políticas occidentales, el republicanismo ha tendido a convertirse, en los últimos tiempos, es una suerte de significante vacío al que se apela sin más como sinónimo de justicia, de balance de poderes o de plena institucionalidad. En un libro que recupera el fundamental legado de Cicerón, Juan Acerbi presenta una serie de aspectos que se sumergen en las oscuras aguas de la tradición republicana para aclarar conceptos y aristas que, aún desde su latencia, (...) determinan muy de cerca el derrotero de las prácticas gubernamentales contemporáneas. Signado por el análisis de la performatividad del discurso político, de los usos de las justificaciones religiosas y de la íntima ligazón entre símbolos, formas de participación ciudadana, temporalidades y otros recursos para la conservación y ampliación del poder, este volumen recorre los meandros de la metapolítica para dejar al desnudo el cuerpo vivo del yo que sostiene a la república. Allí, el estudio sobre virtud del líder político, comprendido como un ser diferente del resto, demuestra que hace falta todavía sospechar de los vínculos entre un republicanismo cargado de razón pública y el capitalismo, que pretende que determinadas formas vacuas, exánimes, ocupen el lugar de los pensantes. A contrapelo de la desquiciada celebración de la inmediatez que se observa en nuestros días, Acerbi retoma un aspecto cardinal para cualquier pensamiento que pretenda ser político: la distinción entre lo necesario y lo contingente y la ubicación de toda acción política en el segundo de esos polos. De ese modo, apela a la palabra como forma fundamental de lo humano y logra ver, bajo un mismo cristal, eventos pasados, presentes y futuros que desenmascaran cualquier ilusión de una vida autoevidente." Hernán Borisonik. (shrink)

The most documented juridical studies about hispanic woman in the late Middle Ages, belong to three specialities: political law, civil or common law (matrimonial), and criminal law. It is in the sphere of matrimonial law where the influence of christian principles has been described as prominent, contributing to the juridical conjugal parity, thus recognizing woman a full civil capability.

This paper constitutes my philosophy of teaching. I aim to model self-examination of teaching practice with the use of philosophical actionresearch. I use the method of triangulation and a mix of qualitative and quantitative data to validate and to strengthen my assertions. The analysis was grounded on empirical information, relevant current literature, and reflection. I argue that self-examination of practice is a worthy exercise for educators. When conducted systematically, self-examination efforts should not be regarded as merely subjective. It can be (...) harnessed as a tool to improve an educator's academic performance and personal wellbeing. It should rather be viewed as a basic or foundational discipline to sustain one's growth and love for teaching. The reflections on experience, insights, and the external validation one gathers in the process are worth the challenge. An examined life becomes worth living. (shrink)

El objeto de este trabajo es exponer la enseñanza de los comentarios neoplatónicos griegos sobre el carácter completo del catálogo aristotélico de las categorías en sí mismo considerado. Esta enseñanza puede contribuir a la clarificación del debate actual sobre el problema de la naturaleza de las categorías y su número. Se analizan y discuten los comentarios a las Categorias debidos a Porfirio, Dexipo, Ammonio, Simplicio, Olimpiodoro, Elías y Filopón.

This essay reviews the model of power from Maturana, Canetti, Foucault, and Zizek, in order to think the relationship between the State, freedom and decent society.

Being located in the horizon of the philosophical outrage, our article purpose is to show the phenomenological basis of Max Scheler’s anthropological proposal, whose immediate antecedents were Husserl’s researches regarding to the correlation man-world, the debate held between phenomenology and the incursion of psychology within the field of the objectives sciences, the develop of a growing up discipline such as physiology, and in general the gradual consolidation of evolutionary theories, which were taking from the philosophical anthropology his conceit of prevailing (...) discipline in the explanation of human phenomena. In the midst this theoretical chaos Scheler in The man’s place in the cosmos radicalize the thesis of I – world correlation of life, guiding the study of man closer to the eidetic transcendental pretention, and beyond the purely empirical description. According to this we understand that Scheler develops an anthropological proposal with a phenomenological nature. (shrink)

Si a cierta doxa filosófico-ideológica en plena promoción le parece válido el caracterizar a todo Occidente como a esa civilización racionalista que arraiga en la revolución científica, filosófica y aun política que Descartes emblematizaría mejor que nadie, por poco que profundicemos en el análisis ..

Las piedras pueden ser usadas para marcar recorridos y rutas para el pensamiento. Este itinerario está compuesto por cuatro piedras que configuran un terreno de contrastes. La primera pone el contraste entre lo vivo y lo no vivo como punto de partida en el cual la delicada interfaz entre esos dos mundos queda suspendida y puesta en entredicho. Aquí emerge el concepto de agencia como aspecto confuso y problemático. La segunda piedra se desplaza al contraste entre la construcción humana y (...) la construcción geológica, las cuales se encuentran unidas por diferentes acepciones de lo tectónico. El poder móvil de las piedras afinca la tercera piedra en la cual se presentan concepciones ‘premodernas’ del ingenio del paisaje en la geografía y una de las manifestaciones de la productividad de las piedras en los minerales. La extracción de estos últimos pone de manifiesto la íntima relación que hay entre las piedras y la discriminación sobre ciertos grupos humanos, de modo que la cuarta piedra expone la paradoja que se cierne sobre el contraste entre lo interior y lo exterior. Esta última piedra regresa sobre el concepto de agencia para enfatizar uno de sus rasgos turbios. Cada una de las piedras envuelve intersticios entre los cuales fluye una forma de pensamiento que bien podría llamarse la de una ontología minúscula. (shrink)

Una de las obras fundamentales de J.D. García Bacca, escrita para el Pueblo, para nuestros pueblos hispanoamericanos - sobre sus problemas seculares no resueltos por las secularmente llamadas soluciones, y también sobre sus nuevos problemas a cuya solución no sólo no van a servir de nada las viejas, sino, de servir, lo serán de obstáculos.