Results for 'Evan Bolton'

982 found
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  1. From Puzzles to Principles?: Essays on Aristotle's Dialectic.Allan Bäck, Robert Bolton, J. D. G. Evans, Michael Ferejohn, Eugene Garver, Lenn E. Goodman, Edward Halper, Martha Husain, Gareth Matthews & Robin Smith - 1999 - Lexington Books.
    Scholars of classical philosophy have long disputed whether Aristotle was a dialectical thinker. Most agree that Aristotle contrasts dialectical reasoning with demonstrative reasoning, where the former reasons from generally accepted opinions and the latter reasons from the true and primary. Starting with a grasp on truth, demonstration never relinquishes it. Starting with opinion, how could dialectical reasoning ever reach truth, much less the truth about first principles? Is dialectic then an exercise that reiterates the prejudices of one's times and at (...)
     
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  2. CTO: A Community-Based Clinical Trial Ontology and Its Applications in PubChemRDF and SCAIViewH.Asiyah Yu Lin, Stephan Gebel, Qingliang Leon Li, Sumit Madan, Johannes Darms, Evan Bolton, Barry Smith, Martin Hofmann-Apitius, Yongqun Oliver He & Alpha Tom Kodamullil - 2021 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO) and 10th Workshop on Ontologies and Data in Life Sciences (ODLS).
    Driven by the use cases of PubChemRDF and SCAIView, we have developed a first community-based clinical trial ontology (CTO) by following the OBO Foundry principles. CTO uses the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) as the top level ontology and reuses many terms from existing ontologies. CTO has also defined many clinical trial-specific terms. The general CTO design pattern is based on the PICO framework together with two applications. First, the PubChemRDF use case demonstrates how a drug Gleevec is linked to multiple (...)
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  3.  51
    Detecting deterioration in patients with chronic disease using telemonitoring: navigating the 'trough of disillusionment'.Glyn Elwyn, Alex R. Hardisty, Susan C. Peirce, Carl May, Robert Evans, Douglas K. R. Robinson, Charlotte E. Bolton, Zaheer Yousef, Edward C. Conley, Omer F. Rana, W. Alex Gray & Alun D. Preece - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (4):896-903.
  4. Causation and Universals.Evan Fales - 1990 - New York: Routledge.
    The world contains objective causal relations and universals, both of which are intimately connected. If these claims are true, they must have far-reaching consequences, breathing new life into the theory of empirical knowledge and reinforcing epistemological realism. Without causes and universals, Professor Fales argues, realism is defeated, and idealism or scepticism wins. Fales begins with a detailed analysis of David Hume's argument that we have no direct experience of necessary connections between events, concluding that Hume was mistaken on this fundamental (...)
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  5. A Defense of the Given.Evan Fales - 1996 - Lanham: Rowman &Amp; Littlefield.
    The Doctrine of the Given The Myth of the Given A Methodological Problem To a convinced foundationalist, the project of establishing the existence of the ...
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  6.  99
    Causation and Universals.The secret Connexion: Causation, Realism, and David Hume.Causation: A Realist Approach.Evan Fales, Galen Strawson & Michael Tooley - 1991 - Philosophical Quarterly 41 (165):494-498.
  7. Character and theory of mind: an integrative approach.Evan Westra - 2018 - Philosophical Studies 175 (5):1217-1241.
    Traditionally, theories of mindreading have focused on the representation of beliefs and desires. However, decades of social psychology and social neuroscience have shown that, in addition to reasoning about beliefs and desires, human beings also use representations of character traits to predict and interpret behavior. While a few recent accounts have attempted to accommodate these findings, they have not succeeded in explaining the relation between trait attribution and belief-desire reasoning. On my account, character-trait attribution is part of a hierarchical system (...)
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  8. Are Causal Laws Contingent?Evan Fales - 1993 - In John Bacon, Keith Campbell & Lloyd Reinhardt, Ontology, Causality and Mind: Essays in Honour of D M Armstrong. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    It has been nearly a decade and a half since Fred Dretske, David Armstrong and Michael Tooley, having each rejected the Regularity theory, independently proposed that natural laws are grounded in a second-order relation that somehow binds together universals.' (l shall call this the ‘DTA theory’). In this way they sought to overcome the major - and notorious — shortcomings of every version of the Regularity theory: how to provide truth conditions for laws that lack instances; how to distinguish laws (...)
     
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  9. If Skill is Normative, Then Norms are Everywhere.Kristin Andrews & Evan Westra - 2021 - Analyse & Kritik 43 (1):203-218.
    Birch sketches out an ingenious account of how the psychology of social norms emerged from individual-level norms of skill. We suggest that these individual-level norms of skill are likely to be much more widespread than Birch suggests, extending deeper into the hominid lineage, across modern great ape species, all the way to distantly related creatures like honeybees. This suggests that there would have been multiple opportunities for social norms to emerge from skill norms in human prehistory.
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  10. Farewell to the luck (and Mind) argument.Christopher Evan Franklin - 2011 - Philosophical Studies 156 (2):199-230.
    In this paper I seek to defend libertarianism about free will and moral responsibility against two well-known arguments: the luck argument and the Mind argument. Both of these arguments purport to show that indeterminism is incompatible with the degree of control necessary for free will and moral responsibility. I begin the discussion by elaborating these arguments, clarifying important features of my preferred version of libertarianism—features that will be central to an adequate response to the arguments—and showing why a strategy of (...)
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  11. Divine Intervention.Evan Fales - 1997 - Faith and Philosophy 14 (2):170-194.
    Some philosophers deny that science can investigate the supernatural - specifically, the nature and actions of God. If a divine being is atemporal, then, indeed, this seems plausible - but only, I shall argue, because such a being could not causally interact with anything. Here I discuss in detail two major attempts, those of Stump and Kretzmann, and of Leftow, to make sense of theophysical causation on the supposition that God is eternal. These views are carefully worked out, and their (...)
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  12.  58
    Darwin’s Doubt, Calvin’s Calvary.Evan Fales - 2009 - In Michael Ruse, Philosophy After Darwin: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Princeton University Press. pp. 309-322.
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  13.  19
    The concept of disease and its implications for psychiatry.Robert Evan Kendell - 1974 - [Edinburgh]: University of Edinburgh.
  14.  50
    Divine Intervention: Metaphysical and Epistemological Puzzles.Evan Fales - 2009 - New York: Routledge.
    This study is a new look at the question of how God can act upon the world, and whether the world can affect God, examining contemporary work on the metaphysics of causation and laws of nature, and current work in the theory of knowledge and mysticism. It has been traditional to address such questions by appealing to God’s omnipotence and omniscience, but this book claims that this is useless unless it can be shown how these two powers "work." Instead of (...)
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  15. Alvin Plantinga's warranted Christian belief.Evan Fales - 2003 - Noûs 37 (2):353–370.
    This critical study of the third book of Plantinga's trilogy on proper-function epistemology begins by denying that classical foundationalism proposes a deontic conception of justification. Nor is it subject to Gettier counterexamples, as, I show, Plantinga's fallibilism is and must be. Plantinga's central thesis is that there's no way of attacking the rationality of central Christian beliefs without attacking their truth. That, I argue, is not so on several grounds, e.g., because one can demand independent evidence for the existence of (...)
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  16. Vision and Mind: Selected Readings in the Philosophy of Perception.Alva Noë & Evan Thompson (eds.) - 2002 - MIT Press.
  17. Proper Basicality.Evan Fales - 2004 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 68 (2):373-383.
    Foundationalist epistemologies, whether internalist or externalist, ground noetic structures in beliefs that are said to be foundational, or properly basic. It is essential to such epistemologies that they provide clear criteria for proper basicality. This proves, 1 argue, to be a thorny task, at least insofar as the goal is to provide a psychologically realistic reconstruction of our actual doxastic practices. I examine some of the difficulties, and suggest some implications, in particular for the externalist epistemology of Alvin Plantinga.
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  18.  41
    Mathematics anxiety affects counting but not subitizing during visual enumeration.Erin A. Maloney, Evan F. Risko, Daniel Ansari & Jonathan Fugelsang - 2010 - Cognition 114 (2):293-297.
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  19.  57
    Coercion in the Recruitment and Retention of Human Research Subjects, Pharmaceutical Industry Payments to Physician-Investigators and the Moral Courage of the IRB.Evan G. DeRenzo - 2000 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 22 (2):1.
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  20. Do mystics see God?Evan Fales - 2003 - In Michael L. Peterson, Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Religion. Hoboken: Blackwell. pp. 145--148.
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  21. Is a Science of the Supernatural Possible?Evan Fales - 2013 - In Massimo Pigliucci & Maarten Boudry, Philosophy of Pseudoscience: Reconsidering the Demarcation Problem. University of Chicago Press. pp. 247.
    This chapter examines arguments for the view that any science of the supernatural must be a pseudoscience. It shows that many of these arguments are not good arguments. It also argues that, contrary to recent philosophical discussions, the appeal to the supernatural should not be ruled out as science for methodological reasons, but rather because the notion of supernatural intervention probably suffers from fatal flaws.
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  22.  36
    The ties that keep us bound: Top-down influences on the persistence of shape-from-motion☆.Evan F. Risko, Mike J. Dixon, Derek Besner & Susanne Ferber - 2006 - Consciousness and Cognition 15 (2):475-483.
    The phenomenon of perceptual persistence after the motion stops in shape-from-motion displays was used to study the influence of prior knowledge on the maintenance of a percept in awareness. In SFM displays an object composed of discontinuous line segments are embedded in a background of randomly oriented lines. The object only becomes perceptible when the line segments that compose the object and the lines that compose the background move in counterphase. Critically, once the movement of the line segments stops, the (...)
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  23. Turtle epistemology.Evan Fales - 2014 - Philosophical Studies 169 (2):339-354.
    In “Justification Without Awareness”, Michael Bergmann divides internalist epistemologies into those with a strong awareness requirement and those with a weak awareness requirement; he presents a dilemma, hoisting the “strongs” on one horn, and the “weaks” on the other. Here I reply on behalf of the strong-awareness view, presenting what I take to be a more satisfactory, and more fundamental, reply to Bergmann than I believe has been offered by his other critics, and in particular by Rogers and Matheson in (...)
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  24.  29
    Theodicy in a Vale of Tears.Evan Fales - 2014 - In Justin P. McBrayer & Daniel Howard-Snyder, The Blackwell Companion to The Problem of Evil. Wiley. pp. 349–362.
    Theodicies can be distinguished as “hard-nosed” or “good-hearted.” Typical features of each are given. I reject the former; they set the bar too low for God. Considerable discussion is devoted to Eleonore Stump's recent Wandering in Darkness, which sets the standard for good-hearted theodicies. I then develop the notion of a “perfect creature”, a possible being indistinguishable from God except lacking aseity, and argue that God should have created only perfect creatures. Since He did not, He is not. Theodicies, therefore, (...)
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  25.  14
    Going Backwards to Fill in the Missing Processes for Training and Evaluation of Clinical Bioethicists: What Has Been Needed for Decades to Move Real Professionalism Forward.Evan G. DeRenzo - 2021 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 32 (2):149-154.
    As the field of clinical bioethics has moved from its pioneers, who turned their attention to ethics problems in clinical medicine and clinical and animal research, to today’s ubiquity of university degrees and fellowships in bioethics, there has been a steady drumbeat to professionalize the field. The problem has been that the necessary next steps—to specify the skills, knowledge, and personal and professional attributes of a clinical bioethicist, and to have a method to train and evaluate mastery of these standards—are (...)
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  26.  37
    Essentialism and the Elementary Constituents of Matter.Evan Pales - 1986 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 11 (1):391-402.
  27. Scientific Explanations of Mystical Experiences: II. The Challenge to Theism.Evan Fales - 1996 - Religious Studies 32 (3):297-313.
    In Part I of this paper, I argued that the mystical experiences of Teresa of Avila are well explained by the anthropological theory of I. M. Lewis. In Part II, I discuss how the causal gap between the social circumstances identified by Lewis and individual phenomenology can be filled in. I then show that Lewis's theory, thus supplemented, is a genuine competitor to the theistic understanding of mystical experience, and that it is much more strongly confirmed by the available evidence (...)
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  28. “No-Saying” in Habermas.Stephen K. White & Evan Robert Farr - 2012 - Political Theory 40 (1):32-57.
    Habermas's paradigm of communicative action is usually taken to be pretty much dominated by consensus, "Yes-saying." What if this were a radically one-sided perception? We take up this unorthodox position by arguing that "no-saying" in this paradigm is typically overlooked and underemphasized. To demonstrate this, we consider how negativity is figured at the most basic onto-ethical level in communicative action, as well as expressed in civil disobedience, a phenomenon to which Habermas assigns the remarkable role of "touchstone" (Prufstein) of constitutional (...)
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  29.  20
    The Nature of Human Consciousness: A Book of Readings.Robert Evan Ornstein (ed.) - 1973 - San Francisco,: Viking Press.
    Scientists from diverse disciplines explore the origins, nature, and processes of both the intuitive and intellectual modes of human awareness.
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  30.  58
    How to Be a Metaphysical Realist.Evan Fales - 1988 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 12 (1):253-274.
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  31.  19
    Re-Engineering Humanity.Brett Frischmann & Evan Selinger - 2018 - Cambridge University Press.
    Every day, new warnings emerge about artificial intelligence rebelling against us. All the while, a more immediate dilemma flies under the radar. Have forces been unleashed that are thrusting humanity down an ill-advised path, one that's increasingly making us behave like simple machines? In this wide-reaching, interdisciplinary book, Brett Frischmann and Evan Selinger examine what's happening to our lives as society embraces big data, predictive analytics, and smart environments. They explain how the goal of designing programmable worlds goes hand (...)
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  32. Is Middle Knowledge Possible? Almost.Evan Fales - 2011 - Sophia 50 (1):1-9.
  33.  87
    Natural kinds and freaks of nature.Evan Fales - 1982 - Philosophy of Science 49 (1):67-90.
    Essentialism--understood as the doctrine that there are natural kinds--can be sustained with respect to the most fundamental physical entities of the world, as I elsewhere argue. In this paper I take up the question of the existence of natural kinds among complex structures built out of these elementary ones. I consider a number of objections to essentialism, in particular Locke's puzzle about the existence of borderline cases. A number of recent attempts to justify biological taxonomy are critically examined. I conclude (...)
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  34. A theory of the normative force of pleas.Christopher Evan Franklin - 2013 - Philosophical Studies 163 (2):479-502.
    A familiar feature of our moral responsibility practices are pleas: considerations, such as “That was an accident”, or “I didn’t know what else to do”, that attempt to get agents accused of wrongdoing off the hook. But why do these pleas have the normative force they do in fact have? Why does physical constraint excuse one from responsibility, while forgetfulness or laziness does not? I begin by laying out R. Jay Wallace’s (Responsibility and the moral sentiments, 1994 ) theory of (...)
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  35. Chasing Technoscience: Matrix for Materiality.Don Ihde & Evan Selinger - 2006 - Human Studies 29 (3):399-403.
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  36.  64
    Generic universals.Evan Fales - 1982 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 60 (1):29 – 39.
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  37. Causal knowledge: What can psychology teach philosophers.Evan Fales & Edward A. Wasserman - 1992 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 13 (1):1-28.
    Theories of how organisms learn about cause-effect relations have a history dating back at least to the associationist/mechanistic hypothesis of David Hume. Some contemporary theories of causal learning are descendants of Hume's mechanistic models of conditioning, but others impute principled, rule-based reasoning. Since even primitive animals are conditionable, it is clear that there are built-in mechanical algorithms that respond to cause/effect relations. The evidence suggests that humans retain the use of such algorithms, which are surely adaptive when causal judgments must (...)
     
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  38. Uniqueness and historical laws.Evan Fales - 1980 - Philosophy of Science 47 (2):260-276.
    This paper presents an argument for the claim that historical events are unique in a nontrivial sense which entails the inapplicability of the Hempelian D-N model to historical explanations. Some previous criticisms of Hempel are shown to be general criticisms of the D-N model which can be outflanked in cases where a reduction to fundamental laws is available. I then survey grounds for denying that explanations by reasons can be effectively reduced to causal explanations, and for rejecting methodological individualism. I (...)
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  39.  15
    Editor's introduction.Evan G. DeRenzo - 2000 - HEC Forum 12 (4):289-291.
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  40.  23
    Aristotle’s Methodology for Natural Science in Physics 1-2: a New Interpretation.Evan Dutmer - 2020 - Journal of Ancient Philosophy 14 (2):130-146.
    In this essay I will argue for an interpretation of the remarks of Physics 1.1 that both resolves some of the confusion surrounding the precise nature of methodology described there and shows how those remarks at 184a15-25 serve as important programmatic remarks besides, as they help in the structuring of books 1 and 2 of the Physics. I will argue that “what is clearer and more knowable to us” is what Aristotle goes on to describe in 1.2—namely, that nature exists (...)
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  41.  37
    Rights Thinking.Evan Simpson - 1997 - Philosophy 72 (279):29 - 58.
    The practice of rights thinking is desirable in modern societies but its scope is restricted by concern for utility and the demands of personal relationships. The result is a hybrid practice no part of which is a foundation for the others. Differences between pure rights thinking, theories of rights and rights talk support a moral pragmatism for which the objects of moral thinking are not decided a priori. The argument draws upon the historical context provided by Bentham, Burke, Locke and (...)
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  42. Truth and the magic of'Is'(vol 80, pg 312, 2005).J. D. G. Evan - 2005 - Philosophy 80 (313):470-470.
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  43.  27
    Mystical Experience of God: A Philosophical Inquiry.Evan Fales - 2002 - Ars Disputandi 2:34-39.
  44. Michael Luntley, Language, Logic, and Experience: The Case for Anti-Realism Reviewed by.Evan Fales - 1989 - Philosophy in Review 9 (11):448-451.
     
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  45.  79
    World without design: The ontological consequences of naturalism.Evan Fales - 2005 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 71 (2):494-497.
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  46.  52
    Noncombatant Immunity in Asymmetrical Warfare.Evan Feinauer & Nir Eisikovits - 2012 - International Journal of Applied Philosophy 26 (2):165-180.
    The principle of noncombatant immunity (NCI) lies at the heart of jus in bello or the moral rules governing the conduct of war. This paper takes up the status of NCI in asymmetrical wars (AW). The argument proceeds in six parts. In the first we present a skeptical or realist position about the feasibility of NCI in AW. Part two surveys the development of the idea of NCI. Part three provides an account of the logic and dynamics of AW. Part (...)
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  47.  66
    Rounding: A Model for Consultation and Training Whose Time Has Come.Evan G. Derenzo, Janicemarie Vinicky, Barbara Redman, John J. Lynch, Philip Panzarella & Salim Rizk - 2006 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 15 (2):207-215.
    Ethics rounds in clinical ethics have already taken hold in multiple venues. There are “sit-down rounds,” which usually consist of a bioethicist setting a specific, prescheduled time aside for residents and/or others to bring a case or two for discussion with the bioethicist. Another kind of rounds that occurs on an ad hoc or infrequent basis is to have either a staff or outside bioethicist give hospital-wide and/or departmental “grand rounds.” Grand rounds is a traditional educational format in medicine and (...)
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  48.  27
    Causation and Induction.Evan Fales - 1984 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 9 (1):113-134.
  49.  41
    Interpolation and the Interpretability Logic of PA.Evan Goris - 2006 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 47 (2):179-195.
    In this paper we will be concerned with the interpretability logic of PA and in particular with the fact that this logic, which is denoted by ILM, does not have the interpolation property. An example for this fact seems to emerge from the fact that ILM cannot express Σ₁-ness. This suggests a way to extend the expressive power of interpretability logic, namely, by an additional operator for Σ₁-ness, which might give us a logic with the interpolation property. We will formulate (...)
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    Is internal realism a philosophy of scheme and content?Evan Thompson - 1991 - Metaphilosophy 22 (3):212-230.
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