Results for 'David Crainich'

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  1.  30
    The value of risk reduction: new tools for an old problem.David Crainich, Louis R. Eeckhoudt & James K. Hammitt - 2015 - Theory and Decision 79 (3):403-413.
    The relationship between willingness to pay to reduce the probability of an adverse event and the degree of risk aversion is ambiguous. The ambiguity arises because paying for protection worsens the outcome in the event the adverse event occurs, which influences the expected marginal utility of wealth. Using the concept of downside risk aversion or prudence, we characterize the marginal WTP to reduce the probability of the adverse event as the product of WTP in the case of risk neutrality and (...)
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  2.  27
    Risk aversion and the value of diagnostic tests.Han Bleichrodt, David Crainich, Louis Eeckhoudt & Nicolas Treich - 2020 - Theory and Decision 89 (2):137-149.
    Diagnostic tests allow better informed medical decisions when there is uncertainty about a patient’s health status and, therefore, about the desirability to undertake treatment. This paper studies the relation between the expected value of diagnostic information and a patient's risk aversion. We show that the ex ante value of diagnostic information increases with risk aversion for diseases with low prevalence, but decreases with risk aversion for diseases with high prevalence. On the other hand, the ex post value of diagnostic information (...)
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  3. Natural moralities: a defense of pluralistic relativism.David B. Wong - 2006 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    David B. Wong proposes that there can be a plurality of true moralities, moralities that exist across different traditions and cultures, all of which address facets of the same problem: how we are to live well together. Wong examines a wide array of positions and texts within the Western canon as well as in Chinese philosophy, and draws on philosophy, psychology, evolutionary theory, history, and literature, to make a case for the importance of pluralism in moral life, and to (...)
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  4.  76
    Pleasure in Ancient Greek Philosophy.David Wolfsdorf - 2012 - Cambridge University Press.
    The Key Themes in Ancient Philosophy series provides concise books, written by major scholars and accessible to non-specialists, on important themes in ancient philosophy that remain of philosophical interest today. In this volume Professor Wolfsdorf undertakes the first exploration of ancient Greek philosophical conceptions of pleasure in relation to contemporary conceptions. He provides broad coverage of the ancient material, from pre-Platonic to Old Stoic treatments; and, in the contemporary period, from World War II to the present. Examination of the nature (...)
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  5. Ethical Issues Regarding Nonsubjective Psychedelics as Standard of Care.David B. Yaden, Brian D. Earp & Roland R. Griffiths - 2022 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 31 (4):464-471.
    Evidence suggests that psychedelics bring about their therapeutic outcomes in part through the subjective or qualitative effects they engender and how the individual interprets the resulting experiences. However, psychedelics are contraindicated for individuals who have been diagnosed with certain mental illnesses, on the grounds that these subjective effects may be disturbing or otherwise counter-therapeutic. Substantial resources are therefore currently being devoted to creating psychedelic substances that produce many of the same biological changes as psychedelics, but without their characteristic subjective effects. (...)
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  6. Neural Synchrony and the Causal Efficacy of Consciousness.David Yates - 2020 - Topoi 39 (5):1057-1072.
    The purpose of this paper is to address a well-known dilemma for physicalism. If mental properties are type identical to physical properties, then their causal efficacy is secure, but at the cost of ruling out mentality in creatures very different to ourselves. On the other hand, if mental properties are multiply realizable, then all kinds of creatures can instantiate them, but then they seem to be causally redundant. The causal exclusion problem depends on the widely held principle that realized properties (...)
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  7. Quantales and (noncommutative) linear logic.David N. Yetter - 1990 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 55 (1):41-64.
  8. War and Self Defense.David Rodin - 2002 - Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press UK.
    When is it right to go to war? The most persuasive answer to this question has always been 'in self-defense'. In a penetrating new analysis, bringing together moral philosophy, political science, and law, David Rodin shows what's wrong with this answer. He proposes a comprehensive new theory of the right of self-defense which resolves many of the perplexing questions that have dogged both jurists and moral philosophers. By applying the theory of self-defense to international relations, Rodin produces a far-reaching (...)
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  9. On Paul Ricoeur: Narrative and Interpretation.David Wood (ed.) - 1991 - New York: Routledge.
    This book examines the later work of Paul Ricoeur, particularly his major work, Time and Narrative. The essays, including three pieces by Ricoeur himself, consider this important study, extending and developing the debate it has inspired. Time and Narrative is the finest example of contemporary philosophical hermeneutics and is one of the most significant works of philosophy published in the late twentieth century. Paul Ricoeur's study of the intertwining of time and narrative proposes and examines the possibility that narrative could (...)
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  10. Morality in a Natural World: Selected Essays in Metaethics.David Copp - 2007 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    The central philosophical challenge of metaethics is to account for the normativity of moral judgment without abandoning or seriously compromising moral realism. In Morality in a Natural World, David Copp defends a version of naturalistic moral realism that can accommodate the normativity of morality. Moral naturalism is often thought to face special metaphysical, epistemological, and semantic problems as well as the difficulty in accounting for normativity. In the ten essays included in this volume, Copp defends solutions to these problems. (...)
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  11.  74
    Derrida and Différance.David Wood & Robert Bernasconi (eds.) - 1988 - Northwestern University Press.
    A Society of the Friends of Difference would have to include Heraclitus, Nietzsche, Saussure, Freud, Adorno, Heidegger, Levinas, Deleuze, and Lyotard among its most prominent members.
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  12.  49
    Combined action observation and imagery facilitates corticospinal excitability.David J. Wright, Jacqueline Williams & Paul S. Holmes - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  13.  75
    Novalis: Kant studies (1797).David Wood & David W. Wood - 2001 - Philosophical Forum 32 (4):323–338.
    Novalis. Kant Studies (1797). Introduced, translated from the German, by David W. Wood. In: Philosophical Forum 32 (2001): 323-338.
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  14.  49
    Punishment: Nonconsequentialism.David Wood - 2010 - Philosophy Compass 5 (6):470-482.
    A companion to ‘Punishment: Consequentialism’, and also ‘Punishment: The Future’, this paper examines various nonconsequentialist attempts to justify punishment, that is, attempts that appeal to claims concerning the innate worth or intrinsic character of punishment, quite apart from any consequential good or benefit punishment may be thought to produce. The paper starts with retributive theories, and turns then to the denunciation and expressive theories, before considering combined communicative–retributive theories.
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  15. Integrating philosophy with anthropology in an approach to morality.David Wong - 2014 - Anthropological Theory 14 (3).
    Philosophy and anthropology need to integrate their accounts of what a morality is. I identify three desiderata that an account of morality should satisfy: (1) it should recognize significant diversity and variation in the major kinds of value, (2) it should specify a set of criteria for what counts as a morality, and (3) it should indicate the basis for distinguishing between more or less justifiable moralities, or true and false moralities. I will discuss why these three desiderata are hard (...)
     
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  16. Socratic philosophizing.David Wolfsdorf - 2013 - In John Bussanich & Nicholas D. Smith (eds.), The Bloomsbury companion to Socrates. New York: Continuum.
     
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  17.  13
    Moral Reasons: Internal and External1.David B. Wong - 2007 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 72 (3):436-558.
    The view defended is one sense externalist on the relation between moral reasons and motivation: A's having a moral reason to do X does not necessarily imply that A has a motivation that would support A's doing X via some appropriate deliberative route. However, it is in another sense externalist in holding that there are the kind of moral reasons there are only if the relevant motivational capacities are generally present in human beings, if not in all individuals. The process (...)
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  18.  36
    To Democratize Finance, Democratize Central Banking.David M. Woodruff - 2019 - Politics and Society 47 (4):593-610.
    Robert C. Hockett’s “franchise view” argues, convincingly, that the capacity of banks or quasi-bank financial entities to create money rests on the laws, regulations, and guarantees of the state under which they operate. Fred Block advocates the use of this insight as a beachhead for establishing the legitimacy of locally embedded, nonprofit lenders whose investments would be dedicated to public purposes. However, given the pervasive influence of “everyday libertarianism,” which fosters blindness to the public character of private economic power, this (...)
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  19.  16
    The Step Back: Ethics and Politics After Deconstruction.David Wood - 2005 - State University of New York Press.
    Explores the ethical and political possibilities of philosophy after deconstruction.
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  20.  43
    Theorizing the Bioeconomy: Biovalue, Biocapital, Bioeconomics or... What?David Tyfield & Kean Birch - 2013 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 38 (3):299-327.
    In the policy discourses of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and European Commission, modern biotechnology and the life sciences are represented as an emerging “bioeconomy” in which the latent value underpinning biological materials and products offers the opportunity for sustainable economic growth. This articulation of modern biotechnology and economic development is an emerging scholarly field producing numerous “bio-concepts.” Over the last decade or so, there have been a number of attempts to theorize this relationship between biotechnologies and their (...)
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  21.  29
    Afterword on Novalis.David Wood - 2002 - Philosophical Forum 33 (3):359–364.
    Afterword, by David W. Wood, of: Novalis, Three Philosophical Poems: “Beginning”, “Know thy Self” and “When Numbers and Figures”. Translated from the German by David W. Wood. Afterword In: Philosophical Forum 33 (2002): 318-325, 359-364.
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  22.  39
    (1 other version)Age-related slowing of response selection and production in a visual choice reaction time task.David L. Woods, John M. Wyma, E. William Yund, Timothy J. Herron & Bruce Reed - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  23. The Method εξ υποεσεως at Meno 86e1-87d8.David Wolfsdorf - 2008 - Phronesis 53 (1):35-64.
    Scholars ubiquitously refer to the method εξ υποθεσεως, introduced at Meno 86e1-87d8, as a method of hypothesis. In contrast, this paper argues that the method εξ υποθεσεως in Meno is not a hypothetical method. On the contrary, in the Meno passage, υποθεσις means “postulate”, that is, cognitively secure proposition. Furthermore, the method εξ υποθεσεως is derived from the method of geometrical analysis. More precisely, it is derived from the use of geometrical analysis to achieve reduction, that is, reduction of a (...)
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  24.  23
    Between Usual and Crisis Phases of a Public Health Emergency: The Mediating Role of Contingency Measures.David Alfandre, Virginia Ashby Sharpe, Cynthia Geppert, Mary Beth Foglia, Kenneth Berkowitz, Barbara Chanko & Toby Schonfeld - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (8):4-16.
    Much of the sustained attention on pandemic preparedness has focused on the ethical justification for plans for the “crisis” phase of a surge when, despite augmentation efforts, the demand for life...
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  25.  27
    Anger, Compassion, and One Body.David B. Wong - 2021 - Australasian Philosophical Review 5 (4):356-365.
    The issue of conceptual templates of Western philosophy has been prominently put forth by Kwong-loi Shun. This paper seeks to establish additional perspectives adopted in traditional concepts involving anger and compassion by both Confucianist and Western scholars to reconcile purported differences between Confucianist and Western interpretations of key concepts utilised in philosophical thought. Through reinforcing similarities between the different concepts, the author serves to highlight the inter-compatibility of Confucianist and Western interpretations of basic notions of anger and compassion and the (...)
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  26.  22
    How does emotional content affect lexical processing?David Vinson, Marta Ponari & Gabriella Vigliocco - 2014 - Cognition and Emotion 28 (4):737-746.
  27. Joseph Priestley, Minister and Teacher.David L. Wykes - 2008 - In Isabel Rivers & David L. Wykes (eds.), Joseph Priestley, Scientist, Philosopher, and Theologian. Oxford University Press.
  28.  32
    Sonification Design: From Data to Intelligible Soundfields.David Worrall - 2019 - Springer.
    The contemporary design practice known as data sonification allows us to experience information in data by listening. In doing so, we understand the source of the data in ways that support, and in some cases surpass, our ability to do so visually. -/- In order to assist us in negotiating our environments, our senses have evolved differently. Our hearing affords us unparalleled temporal and locational precision. Biological survival has determined that the ears lead the eyes. For all moving creatures, in (...)
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  29. Why Forgiving the Unrepentant is Not Demeaning or Insulting: A Reply to Wolterstorff.David Wright - 2019 - In Gregory L. Bock (ed.), The Philosophy of Forgiveness - Volume IV: Christian Perspectives on Forgiveness. Vernon Press. pp. 47-58.
    In “Why Forgiving the Unrepentant is not Demeaning or Insulting: A Reply to Nicholas Wolterstorff,” David E. Wright argues against Wolterstorff’s view in Justice in Love that it is wrong or impossible to forgive the unrepentant wrongdoer. In response to Wolterstorff’s claim that it is impossible to forgive the unrepentant, Wright presents the case of Timothy and Hubert, which seems to show that one can forgive the unrepentant and take the wrong seriously. In response to Wolterstorff’s claim that it (...)
     
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  30.  55
    Augustine on Beatific Enjoyment.David Worsley - 2020 - Heythrop Journal 61 (2):234-240.
  31. Introduction: Interpreting Narrative.David Wood - 1991 - In On Paul Ricoeur: Narrative and Interpretation. New York: Routledge. pp. 1--19.
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  32.  27
    The Effects of Repeated Testing, Simulated Malingering, and Traumatic Brain Injury on Visual Choice Reaction Time.David L. Woods, John M. Wyma, E. W. Yund & Timothy J. Herron - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  33.  45
    Locke's equivocal category of substance.David Https://Orcidorg Wörner - 2020 - European Journal of Philosophy 28 (4):1044-1057.
    John Locke famously claimed that our idea of substance is but a confused idea of “something we know not what.” However, he also thought that the idea of substance is a fundamental part of our ideas of ourselves and the objects surrounding us—of objects we do know. Interpreting this apparently ambivalent stance has long been a major challenge for Locke scholarship. In this article, I argue that the leading interpretations of Locke's conception of substance have failed to resolve this tension (...)
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  34.  20
    Non-invasive Brain Stimulation of the Posterior Parietal Cortex Alters Postural Adaptation.David R. Young, Pranav J. Parikh & Charles S. Layne - 2020 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
  35.  14
    On Goodness.David Wolfsdorf - 2019 - New York: Oup Usa.
    On Goodness attempts to answer the question "What is goodness?" The method it employs to answer this question is linguistic. The central methodological claim of the book is that answering the question "What is goodness?" requires answering the question "What does the word 'goodness' mean?" Consequently, On Goodness is pervasively informed by and critically engaged with ideas and theories in contemporary linguistics.
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  36. A Philosophy of Gardens.David E. Cooper - 2006 - Oxford University Press.
    Why do gardens matter so much and mean so much to people? That is the intriguing question to which David Cooper seeks an answer in this book. Given the enthusiasm for gardens in human civilization ancient and modern, Eastern and Western, it is surprising that the question has been so long neglected by modern philosophy. Now at last there is a philosophy of gardens. David Cooper identifies garden appreciation as a special human phenomenon distinct from both from the (...)
  37. The Objects of Belief and Credence.David Braun - 2016 - Mind 125 (498):469-497.
    David Chalmers uses Bayesian theories of credence to argue against referentialism about belief. This paper argues that Chalmers’s Bayesian objections to referentialism are similar to older, more familiar objections to referentialism. There are familiar responses to the old objections, and there is a predictable way to modify those old responses to meet Chalmers’s Bayesian objections. The new responses to the new objections are no less plausible than the old responses to the old objections. Chalmers’s positive theory of belief and (...)
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  38.  60
    On Learning What Happiness Is.David B. Wong - 2013 - Philosophical Topics 41 (1):81-101.
    I explore conceptions of happiness in classical Chinese philosophers Mengzi and Zhuangzi. In choosing to frame my question with the word ‘happiness’, I am guided by the desire to draw some comparative lessons for Western philosophy. ‘Happiness’ has been a central concept in Western ethics, and especially in Aristotelian and utilitarian ethics. The early Chinese concept most relevant to discussion of Mengzi and Zhuangzi concerns a specific form of happiness designated by the word le, which is best rendered as ‘contentment’. (...)
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  39. Introduction.David F. Wright - 1983 - In Essays in evangelical social ethics. Wilton, Conn.: Morehouse-Barlow Co..
  40.  75
    Kupperman, Joel J., Six Myths about the Good Life: Thinking about What Has Value: Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 2006, x + 158 pages.David B. Wong - 2011 - Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 10 (1):107-109.
  41. (1 other version)Emotion and the cognition of reasons in moral motivation.David B. Wong - 2009 - Philosophical Issues 19 (1):343-367.
  42.  63
    Temporal Phronesis in the Anthropocene.David Wood - 2017 - Research in Phenomenology 47 (2):220-227.
    The situation in which we find ourselves—of potentially catastrophic global climate change—makes it clear why we need to move beyond a phenomenological approach to time to include evolutionary, historical, material, ecological and personal perspectives. This paper distinguishes ten different ways in which the complexity of time reveals itself to contemporary reflection. These patterns or shapes of time supply interpretive resources for the temporal phronesis needed to navigate the challenge of productively inheriting our many pasts, while thinking through and practically addressing (...)
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  43.  31
    (1 other version)Flow and structure of time experience – concept, empirical validation and implications for psychopathology.David H. V. Vogel, Christine M. Falter-Wagner, Theresa Schoofs, Katharina Krämer, Christian Kupke & Kai Vogeley - 2018 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences:1-24.
    We present a conceptual framework on the experience of time and provide a coherent basis on which to base further inquiries into qualitative approaches concerning time experience. We propose two Time-Layers and two Time-Formats forming four Time-Domains. Micro-Flow and Micro-Structure represent the implicit phenomenal basis, from which the explicit experiences of Macro-Flow and Macro-Structure emerge. Complementary to this theoretical proposal, we present empirical results from qualitative content analysis obtained from 25 healthy participants. The data essentially corroborate the theoretical proposal. With (...)
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  44. An Interview with David Chalmers.Justin Wong, Woojin Lim, Michelle Lara, Benjamin Simon & David Chalmers - 2020 - The Harvard Review of Philosophy 27:1-11.
  45.  45
    A Cultural Political Economy of Research and Innovation in an Age of Crisis.David Tyfield - 2012 - Minerva 50 (2):149-167.
    Science and technology policy is both faced by unprecedented challenges and itself undergoing seismic shifts. First, policy is increasingly demanding of science that it fixes a set of epochal and global crises. On the other hand, practices of scientific research are changing rapidly regarding geographical dispersion, the institutions and identities of those involved and its forms of knowledge production and circulation. Furthermore, these changes are accelerated by the current upheavals in public funding of research, higher education and technology development in (...)
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  46. Beyond Deconstruction?David Wood - 1987 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series 21:175-194.
    There are many people who think that deconstruction has run its course, has had its day, and that it is now time to return to the important business of philosophy, or perhaps to serious ethical, social and political questions. Derrida's work, it is said, leads nowhere but a sterile philosophy of difference that in its de-politicized, de-historicized abstractness is a form of conservatism little better than the kinds of identity thinking to which it seems to be so radically opposed. In (...)
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  47.  17
    Governing by Panic: The Politics of the Eurozone Crisis.David M. Woodruff - 2016 - Politics and Society 44 (1):81-116.
    The Eurozone’s reaction to the crisis beginning in late 2008 involved not only efforts to mitigate the arbitrarily destructive effects of markets but also vigorous pursuit of policies aimed at austerity and deflation. To explain this paradoxical outcome, I build on Karl Polanyi’s account of a similar deadlock in the 1930s. Polanyi argued that a society-protecting response to malfunctioning markets was limited under the gold standard by the prospect of currency panic, which bankers used to push for austerity, deflationary policies, (...)
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  48.  5
    Identifying Primitive Individuals.David Wörner - 2024 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 11.
    According to a widespread contention, individuals are among the basic building blocks of the world. The contention, however, raises a perennial problem. If individuals are basic, they cannot be fully accounted for in terms of their empirically detectable qualities. But then, how can we detect, or know, or identify, individuals? Shamik Dasgupta has influentially argued that considerations along these lines, together with a lesson from the history of physics, should make us reject any picture on which individuals are basic constituents (...)
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  49.  7
    Social Welfare and Individual Responsibility.David Schmidtz & Robert E. Goodin - 1998 - Cambridge University Press.
    The issue of social welfare and individual responsibility has become a topic of international public debate in recent years as politicians around the world now question the legitimacy of state-funded welfare systems. David Schmidtz and Robert Goodin debate the ethical merits of individual versus collective responsibility for welfare. David Schmidtz argues that social welfare policy should prepare people for responsible adulthood rather than try to make that unnecessary. Robert Goodin argues against the individualization of welfare policy and expounds (...)
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  50.  65
    Perfectionism and the common good: themes in the philosophy of T.H. Green.David Owen Brink - 2003 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    David Brink presents a study of T. H. Green's Prolegomena to Ethics (1883), a classic of British idealism. Green develops a perfectionist ethical theory that brings together the best elements in the ancient and modern traditions and that provides the moral foundations for Green's own influential brand of liberalism. Brink's book situates the Prolegomena in its intellectual context, examines its main themes, and explains Green's enduring significance for the history of ethics and contemporary ethical theory.
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