Results for 'Capability approach'

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  1. The Capability Approach and the Debate between Humanist and Political Perspectives on Human Rights. A Critical Survey.Pablo Gilabert - 2013 - Human Rights Review 14 (4):299-325.
    This paper provides a critical exploration of the capability approach to human rights (CAHR) with the specific aim of developing its potential for achieving a synthesis between “humanist” or “naturalistic” and “political” or “practical” perspectives in the philosophy of human rights. Section II presents a general strategy for achieving such a synthesis. Section III provides an articulation of the key insights of CAHR (its focus on actual realizations given diverse circumstances, its pluralism of grounds, its emphasis on freedom (...)
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  2.  53
    The Capabilities Approach and Environmental Sustainability: The Case for Functioning Constraints.Wouter Peeters, Jo Dirix & Sigrid Sterckx - 2015 - Environmental Values 24 (3):367-389.
    The capabilities approach of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum has become an influential viewpoint for addressing issues of social justice and human de- velopment. It has not yet, however, given adequate theoretical consideration to the requirements of environmental sustainability. Sen has focussed on the instrumental importance of human development for achieving sustainability, but has failed to consider the limits of this account, especially with respect to consumption-reduction. Nussbaum has criticised constraining material consumption for its paternalistic prescription of one particular (...)
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  3.  32
    The capabilities approach and Catholic social teaching: an engagement.Joshua Schulz - 2016 - Journal of Global Ethics 12 (1):29-47.
    ABSTRACTThis essay brings Martha Nussbaum's politically liberal version of the Capabilities Approach to human development into critical dialogue with the Catholic Social Tradition. Like CST, Nussbaum's focus on embodiment, dependence and dignity entails a social use of property which privileges marginalized people, and both theories explain the underdevelopment of central human capabilities in social rather than exclusively material terms. Whereas CST is metaphysically and theologically ‘thick', however, CA is ‘thin’: its proponents positively eschew metaphysical commitments, believing a commitment to (...)
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  4.  19
    The capabilities approach and political liberalism.Thom Brooks - 2015 - In Thom Brooks & Martha Craven Nussbaum (eds.), Rawls's Political Liberalism. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 139-173.
    John Rawls argues that A Theory of Justice suffers from a “serious problem”: the problem of political stability. His theory failed to account for the reality that citizens are deeply divided by reasonable and incompatible religious, philosophical, and moral comprehensive doctrines. This fact of reasonable pluralism may pose a threat to political stability over time and requires a solution. Rawls proposes the idea of an overlapping consensus among incompatible comprehensive doctrines through the use of public reasons in his later Political (...)
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  5.  22
    The Capability Approach in Practice: A New Ethics for Setting Development Agendas.Morten Fibieger Byskov - 2018 - Routledge.
    The importance of developmental agendas -- A capability framework for development goals -- A Republican account of local authority in development -- Third wave development expertise -- Selecting capabilities for a development agenda -- Methods for the selection of capabilities and functionings -- An inclusive framework for setting development agendas.
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  6.  15
    The Capability Approach, Technology and Design.Ilse Oosterlaken & Jeroen van den Hoven (eds.) - 2012 - New York: Springer.
    The capability approach of Martha Nussbaum and Amartya Sen places human capabilities at the centre stage of discussions about justice, equality, development and the quality of life. It rejects too much emphasis on mere preference satisfaction or resource provision and highlights the importance of human agency and freedom. This approach has already significantly influenced different fields of application, such as economics and development studies. Only recently have scholars started to explore its relevance for and application to the (...)
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  7.  24
    The capabilities approach and variety engineering. A case for social cocreation of value.Alfonso Reyes Alvarado - 2022 - AI and Society 37 (3):1269-1277.
    The purpose of this paper is to show an application of variety engineering in the social realm. It focuses on reducing environmental complexity by catalysing self-organizing processes. This catalysis is based on the use of Sen and Nussbaum’s capabilities approach. By doing this an organization may improve the quality of the relations with their clients by transforming environmental agents into new suppliers. This approach opens a new dimension of social responsibility for organizations. A particular case is presented in (...)
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  8.  14
    The Capability Approach to Labour Law.Brian Langille (ed.) - 2019 - Oxford University Press.
    Forty years ago Amartya Sen delivered his Tanner Lecture, 'Equality of What?', in which he introduced to the world a novel approach to the idea of equality by way of the notion of 'basic capability' as 'a morally relevant dimension'. We can now see with hindsight that Sen's argument - that we should focus upon equality of basic capabilities ('a person being able to do certain basic things') - launched what has become an academic armada now proceeding under (...)
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  9.  25
    The capability approach and the politics of a social conception of wellbeing.J. Allister McGregor & Séverine Deneulin - 2010 - European Journal of Social Theory 13 (4):501-519.
    The capability approach constitutes a significant contribution to social theory but its potential is diminished by its insufficient treatment of the social construction of meaning. Social meanings enable people to make value judgements about what they will do and be, and also to evaluate how satisfied they are about what they are able to achieve. From this viewpoint, a person’s state of wellbeing must be understood as being socially and psychologically co-constituted in specific social and cultural contexts. In (...)
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  10.  23
    Capability-Approach und Decent Minimum: Befähigungsgerechtigkeit als Kriterium möglicher Priorisierung im Gesundheitswesen.Peter Dabrock - 2001 - Zeitschrift Für Evangelische Ethik 45 (1):202-215.
    Facing the impending rationing in health care and consequently necessary priorisation, this article pleads for primarily following the capability approach of justice. The decent minimum of just health care is onentated to the capability of leading a personally responsible life, functioning in its respective society. The capability approach is on the one band semantically justified by considering different ideas of humankind; on the other band, its capability of application is structurally checked by a network (...)
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  11.  41
    The «capabilities approach» Martha Nussbaum face the problem of animal ethics.Pablo Martínez Becerra - 2015 - Veritas: Revista de Filosofía y Teología 33 (33):71-87.
    En este artículo se estudia el enfoque de las capacidades de Martha Nussbaum como un intento de fundamentar la inclusión de los anima les no humanos dentro de la dimensión cívica de los derechos. En esta perspectiva se pretende establecer ciertos «deberes directos de justicia» para los seres sentientes, poseedores de cierta complejidad, que el Estado debe cautelar y procurar como un mínimo exigido. Tras analizar esta propuesta, se desarrollan algunas de las críticas originadas por la «ética animal» defendida por (...)
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  12.  29
    A Capability Approach to worker dignity under Algorithmic Management.Mieke Boon, Giedo Jansen, Jeroen Meijerink & Laura Lamers - 2022 - Ethics and Information Technology 24 (1).
    This paper proposes a conceptual framework to study and evaluate the impact of ‘Algorithmic Management’ (AM) on worker dignity. While the literature on AM addresses many concerns that relate to the dignity of workers, a shared understanding of what worker dignity means, and a framework to study it, in the context of software algorithms at work is lacking. We advance a conceptual framework based on a Capability Approach (CA) as a route to understanding worker dignity under AM. This (...)
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  13. Making Sen’s capability approach operational: a random scale framework.John K. Dagsvik - 2013 - Theory and Decision 74 (1):75-105.
    Amartya Sen has developed the so-called capability approach to meet the criticism that income alone may be insufficient as a measure of economic inequality. This is because knowledge about people’s income does not tell us what they are able to acquire with that income. For example, people with the same income may not have the same access to health and transportation services, schools and opportunities in the labor market. Recently, there has been growing interest in empirical studies based (...)
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  14.  19
    Transgenerational Frontiers: The Capabilities Approach And the New Challenge of Justice.Giulio Sacco - 2024 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 32 (3):315-332.
    The aim of the paper is to confront some challenges raised by intergenerational justice from the perspective of Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approach. After having sketched her account, the essay deals with some objections to it from an environmental perspective, arguing that, contrary to some critics, it can be a valuable basis for reflecting on our duties towards future generations. More precisely, I focus on how the CA provides promising insights to address two central problems of intergenerational ethics: 1) the (...)
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  15.  8
    (1 other version)Beneficent Intelligence: A Capability Approach to Modeling Benefit, Assistance, and Associated Moral Failures Through AI Systems.Alex John London & Hoda Heidari - 2024 - Minds and Machines 34 (4):1-37.
    The prevailing discourse around AI ethics lacks the language and formalism necessary to capture the diverse ethical concerns that emerge when AI systems interact with individuals. Drawing on Sen and Nussbaum’s capability approach, we present a framework formalizing a network of ethical concepts and entitlements necessary for AI systems to confer meaningful benefit or assistance to stakeholders. Such systems enhance stakeholders’ ability to advance their life plans and well-being while upholding their fundamental rights. We characterize two necessary conditions (...)
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  16. The Capability Approach: Concepts, Measures and Applications.Flavio Comim, Mozaffar Qizilbash & Sabina Alkire (eds.) - 2008 - Cambridge University Press.
    The capability approach developed by Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen has become an important new paradigm in thinking about development. However, despite its theoretical and philosophical attractiveness, it has been less easy to measure or to translate into policy. This volume addresses these issues in the context of poverty and justice. Part I offers a set of conceptual essays that debate the strength of the often misunderstood individual focus of the capability approach. Part II investigates the techniques (...)
     
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  17. Nussbaum's capabilities approach and nonhuman animals: Theory and public policy.Ramona Ilea - 2008 - Journal of Social Philosophy 39 (4):547-563.
    In this paper, I assess Martha Nussbaum's application of the capabilities approach to non-human animals for both its philosophical merits and its potential to affect public policy. I argue that there are currently three main philosophical problems with the theory that need further attention. After discussing these problems, I show how focusing on factory farming would enable Nussbaum to demonstrate the philosophical merits of the capabilities approach as well as to suggest more powerful and effectives changes in our (...)
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  18.  3
    A Capabilities Approach to Carbon Dioxide Removal.Elisa Paiusco - forthcoming - Ethics, Policy and Environment.
    The recent ethical debate concerning the implementation of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) has expanded the traditional scope of ethical analysis to investigate the appropriate role of CDR within the larger climate change mitigation discussion. Specifically, the recent scholarship is embedded in the disputed sustainable development landscape that presents various and competing visions of desirable futures. This article unpacks and clarifies the discussion between Darrel Moellendorf and Henry Shue as representatives of two camps in the recent debate, the former supporting carbon (...)
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  19.  30
    The capability approach as guidance for corporate ethics.Georges Enderle - 2013 - In Christopher Luetege (ed.), Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics. Springer. pp. 675--691.
  20.  24
    A Capability Approach to AI Ethics.Emanuele Ratti & Mark Graves - 2025 - American Philosophical Quarterly 62 (1):1-16.
    We propose a conceptualization and implementation of AI ethics via the capability approach. We aim to show that conceptualizing AI ethics through the capability approach has two main advantages for AI ethics as a discipline. First, it helps clarify the ethical dimension of AI tools. Second, it provides guidance to implementing ethical considerations within the design of AI tools. We illustrate these advantages in the context of AI tools in medicine, by showing how ethics-based auditing of (...)
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  21. A Capability Approach to Justice as a Virtue.Jay Drydyk - 2012 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 15 (1):23-38.
    In The Idea of Justice , Amartya Sen argues for an approach to justice that is comparative and realization-based rather than transcendental and institutional. While Sen’s arguments for such an approach may not be as convincing as he thought, there are additional arguments for it, and one is that it provides a unique and valuable platform on which an account of justice as a virtue of social and political actors (including institutions and social movements) can be built. Hence (...)
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  22. The Capability Approach and Political Economy of Human Development.Amiya Kumar Bagchi - 2008 - In Kaushik Basu & Ravi Kanbur (eds.), Arguments for a Better World: Essays in Honor of Amartya Sen: Volume I: Ethics, Welfare, and Measurement and Volume Ii: Society, Institutions, and Development. Oxford University Press.
  23.  46
    ‘Movement’ justice and the capabilities approach.Shatema Threadcraft - 2015 - Philosophy and Social Criticism 41 (1):55-60.
    The capability approach described by Amartya Sen illustrates the multiple aspects of injustice in such fields as racially motivated sexual harassment or segregation in urban space. In response to Sen’s pointing out that we should focus not simply on institutions but also on the social realizations they engender, the article illustrates the function of the natural and social environments for racial groups in affecting the distribution of resources necessary to secure justice.
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    Dignity and the capabilities approach in long‐term care for older people.Jari Pirhonen - 2015 - Nursing Philosophy 16 (1):29-39.
    The ageing populations of the Western world present a wide range of economic, social, and cultural implications, and given the challenges posed by deteriorating maintenance ratios, the scenario is somewhat worrying. In this paper, I investigate whether Martha C. Nussbaum's capabilities approach could secure dignity for older people in long‐term care, despite the per capita decreases in resources. My key research question asks, ‘What implications does Nussbaum's list of central human capabilities have for practical social care?’ My methodology combines (...)
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  25.  52
    Is the capability approach a sufficient challenge to distributive accounts of global justice?Christine Koggel - 2013 - Journal of Global Ethics 9 (2):145 - 157.
    I begin by discussing forms of cosmopolitanism that motivate challenges to distributive accounts of global justice. I then use Sen's version of the capabilities approach to show how distributive accounts fall short, why an overarching theory of justice is not needed, and that democracy understood as the exercise of public reasoning can do the work of identifying and addressing injustices. That said in favor of Sen, I argue that his account fails to attend to the kinds of injustices emerging (...)
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  26.  69
    Athletic policy, passive well-being: Defending freedom in the capability approach.Jessica Begon - 2016 - Economics and Philosophy 32 (1):51-73.
    The capability approach was developed as a response to the ‘equality of what?’ question, which asks what the metric of equality should be. The alternative answers are, broadly, welfare, resources or capabilities. G.A. Cohen has raised influential criticisms of this last response. He suggests that the capability approach’s focus on individuals’ freedom – their capability to control their own lives – renders its view of well-being excessively ‘athletic’, ignoring benefits achieved passively, without the active involvement (...)
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  27. Justifying the Capabilities Approach to Justice.Elizabeth Anderson - unknown
  28.  17
    A Capability Approach to Justice and Imagination in Moral Education.Mi-Suk Ko - 2018 - Journal of Moral Education 30 (4):125-154.
  29. The Capabilities Approach.Erik Schokkaert - 2009 - In Paul Anand, Prasanta Pattanaik & Clemens Puppe (eds.), Handbook of Rational and Social Choice. Oxford University Press.
  30.  23
    Capabilities approach and the marxist interpretation of the political conception of justice. reflections on the after-war restoration of Ukraine.Vsevolod Khoma - 2023 - Filosofska Dumka (Philosophical Thought) 2:187-199.
    Marxism as a normative position is critical of liberalism. However, the problems of justice and alienation that Marxism draws attention to can be solved by liberalism without the implementation of a Marxist political project. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the thesis that Martha Nussbaum's capabilities approach (one of the versions of political liberalism) is a more inclusive and rational method of theorizing about the basic principles of justice than Marxism. By analyzing Elizabeth Anderson's theory of liberal (...)
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  31. The Capabilities Approach to Justice and the Flourishing of Nonsentient Life.Katy Fulfer - 2013 - Ethics and the Environment 18 (1):19-38.
    According to Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities approach (CA) to justice, a (liberal) society is just if it provides people with the means to actualize basic capabilities that are necessary for a dignified human life. In Frontiers of Justice, Nussbaum (2006) expands the CA to include sentient nonhuman animals in the sphere of justice (as opposed, for instance, to the sphere of compassion). As it does for humans, justice requires that sentient creatures have the ability to access capabilities necessary for their (...)
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  32.  34
    The Role of Emotions in the Capabilities Approach: A Critical Analysis.Giulio Sacco - 2024 - Philosophy 99 (2):223-245.
    The capabilities approach is the theory according to which, in order to assess people's quality of life and reflect on the basic political entitlements, we should consider what people are capable of doing and being. Focusing mostly on Nussbaum's account, a number of scholars analysed the metaethical structure underlying the approach, showing her Aristotelian and Kantian sources. This article explores another aspect of Nussbaum's theory which has so far been somewhat overlooked: the role of emotions in the justification (...)
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  33.  75
    How politically liberal should the capabilities approach want to be?Rosa Terlazzo - 2019 - Politics, Philosophy and Economics 18 (3):282-304.
    In this article, I develop a tension in the capabilities approach between committing to political liberalism and ensuring full capability for all persons. In particular, I argue that the capabiliti...
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  34. Is the capability approach paternalist?Ian Carter - 2014 - Economics and Philosophy 30 (1):75-98.
    Capability theorists have suggested different, sometimes incompatible, ways in which their approach takes account of the value of freedom, each of which implies a different kind of normative relation between functionings and capabilities. This paper examines three possible accounts of the normative relation between functionings and capabilities, and the implications of each of these accounts in terms of degrees of paternalism. The way in which capability theorists apparently oscillate between these different accounts is shown to rest on (...)
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  35. Justifying a Capability Approach to Brain Computer Interface.Andrew Ko & Nancy S. Jecker - 2023 - Philosophy and Technology 36 (1):1-6.
    Previously, we introduced a capability approach to assess the responsible use of brain-computer interface. In this commentary, we say more about the ethical basis of our capability view and respond to three objections. The first objection holds that by stressing that capability lists are provisional and subject to change, we threaten the persistence of human dignity, which is tied to capabilities. The second objection states that we conflate capabilities and abilities. The third objection claims that the (...)
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  36.  81
    The Capabilities Approach and Ethical Cosmopolitanism: The Challenge of Political Liberalism1.Martha Nussbaum - 2011 - In Maria Rovisco & Magdalena Nowicka (eds.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Cosmopolitanism. Ashgate. pp. 403.
  37.  12
    Semantiken der Befähigung: die Rezeption des Capabilities Approach in der theologischen Sozialethik.Katja Winkler - 2016 - Baden-Baden: Nomos.
    Befahigung ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einem zentralen Begriff sowohl in der politischen Philosophie als auch in der Sozialpolitik geworden. Was damit gemeint ist, ist freilich umstritten. Der Band versucht, die Bedeutungsgehalte des Befahigungsbegriffs und daruber seine Leistungsfahigkeit fur die sozialphilosophische und die politische Diskussion zu klaren. Dabei bleibt die Autorin nicht bei der Beschaftigung mit dem Capabilities Approach nach Martha Nussbaum und Amartya Sen stehen, sondern analysiert vor allem die Rezeptionen des Befahigungsansatzes und zwar speziell im Bereich (...)
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  38. Valuing Freedoms: Sen's Capability Approach and Poverty Reduction.Sabina Alkire - 2002 - Oxford University Press.
    Sabina Alkire shows how Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen's capability approach can be coherently---and practically---put to work in poverty reduction activities so that the voices and values of the poor matter. This provides economists, philosophers, theologians, and development practitioners with a way forward that addresses both theoretical and practical challenges.
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  39. Assessing the capability approach as a justice basis of climate resilience strategies.Jose C. Cañizares-Gaztelu - 2024 - Journal of Global Ethics 20 (1):31-55.
    Climate adaptation and resilience scholars are struggling to address distributive and procedural justice in climate resilience efforts. While the capability approach (CA) has been widely appraised as a suitable justice basis for this context, there are few detailed studies assessing this possibility. This paper addresses this gap by advancing discussions about the prospects of the CA for guiding justice work in climate resilience. With its emphasis on the final value and mutually irreducible character of the concrete beings and (...)
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  40. Libertarian paternalism and the capability approach. Friends or foes?Aleksander Ostapiuk - 2024 - Ekonomista 2024 (4):256-482.
    This paper compares the capability approach (CA) and libertarian paternalism (LP) to see whether they are compatible. The comparison focuses on rationality, wellbeing, and freedom. The main theoretical framework is Sen’s ‘reason to value’ (RtV). The relevance of this to CA, and LP is analysed, and whether the primacy that CA and LP both accord to reason leads to paternalism is examined. Although the principal focus is on Sen’s, Sunstein’s and Thaler’s original ideas, their key concepts are analysed (...)
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  41.  34
    Can Merging a Capability Approach with Effectual Processes Help Us Define a Permissible Action Range for AI Robotics Entrepreneurship?Yuko Kamishima, Bart Gremmen & Hikari Akizawa - 2018 - Philosophy of Management 17 (1):97-113.
    In this paper, we first enumerate the problems that humans might face with a new type of technology such as robots with artificial intelligence (AI robots). Robotics entrepreneurs are calling for discussions about goals and values because AI robots, which are potentially more intelligent than humans, can no longer be fully understood and controlled by humans. AI robots could even develop into ethically “bad” agents and become very harmful. We consider these discussions as part of a process of developing responsible (...)
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  42.  33
    Personalized Nutrition and Social Justice: Ethical Considerations Within Four Future Scenarios Applying the Perspective of Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach.Karin Nordström & Joe Goossens - 2016 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 29 (1):5-22.
    The idea of personalized nutrition is to give tailored dietary advice based on personal health-related data, i.e. phenotoype, genotype, or lifestyle. PN may be seen as part of a general trend towards personalised health care and currently various types of business models are already offering such services in the market. This paper explores ethical issues of PN by examining how PN services within the contextual environment of four future scenarios about health and nutrition in Europe might affect aspects of social (...)
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  43.  25
    Religion and Clothing: the Capabilities Approach Considered.Sandrine Berges - unknown
    Proponents of the capabilities approach claim that it should be used to give guidance for the implementation of good constitutional laws. This suggests that it also gives us grounds to support attempts to create or protect constitutions based on something like the capabilities approach. The Turkish Republic claims that in order to protect secularism and the equal status of women, it needs to keep certain Islamic practices away from the public domain. The wearing of the headscarf has been (...)
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  44.  68
    Positivity and the capabilities approach.Eranda Jayawickreme & James O. Pawelski - 2013 - Philosophical Psychology 26 (3):383-400.
    We evaluate the suitability of Nussbaum's substantive account of capabilities in light of conceptual and empirical work that has shown that positivity is widely valued and pursued as an end by many people, and evidence that positive outcomes, even economic ones, are often caused by well-being rather than the other way around. While Nussbaum sees positive emotions as incidental to the experience of well-being, we argue that the experience of such mental states is partly constitutive of flourishing.
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  45.  49
    Editorial: ICT and the capability approach.Ilse Oosterlaken & Jeroen van den Hoven - 2011 - Ethics and Information Technology 13 (2):65-67.
    In discussions about justice, development, well-being and equality, the capability approach (CA)Footnote1 founded by economist Amartya Sen and philosopher Martha Nussbaum attaches central importance to individual human capabilities. These are the effective freedoms or real opportunities of people to achieve valuable ‘beings and doings’ (also called ‘functionings’ by capability theorists). Resources—including technical artifacts—may contribute to the expansion of one’s capabilities, but there may also be all sorts of ‘conversion factors’ in place that prevent this. The approach (...)
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  46. The capability approach in practice.Ingrid Robeyns - 2006 - Journal of Political Philosophy 14 (3):351–376.
  47.  40
    Capability Approach and its Historico-philosophical Roots. Chiappero-Martinetti, E., Osmani, S., & Qizilbash, M. (Eds.). (2020). The Cambridge Handbook of the Capability Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [REVIEW]Andrii Baumeister & Vsevolod Khoma - 2022 - Sententiae 41 (2):155-160.
    Review of Chiappero-Martinetti, E., Osmani, S., & Qizilbash, M. (Eds.). (2020). The Cambridge Handbook of the Capability Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  48. Nussbaum, Kant, and the Capabilities Approach to Dignity.Paul Formosa & Catriona Mackenzie - 2014 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 17 (5):875-892.
    The concept of dignity plays a foundational role in the more recent versions of Martha Nussbaum’s capabilities theory. However, despite its centrality to her theory, Nussbaum’s conception of dignity remains under-theorised. In this paper we critically examine the role that dignity plays in Nussbaum’s theory by, first, developing an account of the concept of dignity and introducing a distinction between two types of dignity, status dignity and achievement dignity. Next, drawing on this account, we analyse Nussbaum’s conception of dignity and (...)
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  49. Higher education pedagogies: a capabilities approach.Melanie Walker - 2006 - New York: Open University Press.
    This book sets out to generate new ways of reflecting ethically about the purposes and values of contemporary higher education in relation to agency, learning, public values and democratic life, and the pedagogies which support these.
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  50.  16
    Can Capability Approach Pave the Way for Religion? A Study in the Context of Rorty’s Private/public Sphere’s Debate.V. Prabhu & Chandana Deka - 2021 - Journal of the Indian Council of Philosophical Research 38 (3):361-369.
    Rorty has been criticized for his pragmatic rationality by different thinkers like Stout, Steven carter. Here in this article our main focus is Novoa's criticism of Rorty's solution to the challenges of evidentialism (Novoa in Rorty’s Demands on Religious Belief: Looking for a Pragmatic Rationality. Retrieved October 20, 2019, from Researchgate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321729830_rorty's_demands_on_religious_belief_looking_for_a _pragmatic_rationality, 2017). Novoa feels that religion needs not be conversation stopper as long as it does not compromise on capabilities (Novoa, 2017). This is what he calls pragmatic rationality. He (...)
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