Academic achievement is a factor of interest in both psychology and education. Determining which factors have a negative or positive influence on academic performance has produced different investigations. The present study focuses on analyzing the relationship between resilience, emotional intelligence, self-concept and the academic achievement of university students. For this purpose, different self-report tools were administered to a sample of 1,020 university students from Southern Spain. The Structural Equation-based mediational analysis suggests that there is no direct relationship between resilience and (...) academic achievement, nor between emotional intelligence and academic achievement. Likewise, self-concept is positioned as a mediating factor in the relationship between resilience and academic achievement. The findings indicate that university students who exhibit high levels of resilience tend to cope better with difficult moments and understand and value the effort required and invested in study time. This study supports positive beliefs and behaviors for better academic achievement. (shrink)

A recent paper shows that in gene expression space the manifold spanned by normal tissues and the manifold spanned by the corresponding tumors are disjoint. The statement is based on a two-dimensional projection of gene expression data. In the present paper, we show that, for the multi-dimensional vectors defining the centers of cloud samples: 1. The closest tumor to a given normal tissue is the tumor developed in that tissue, 2. Two normal tissues define quasi-orthogonal directions, 3. A tumor may (...) have a projection onto its corresponding normal tissue, but it is quasi-orthogonal to all other normal tissues, and 4. The cancer manifold is roughly obtained by translating the normal tissue manifold along an orthogonal direction defined by a global cancer progression axis. These geometrical properties add a new characterization of normal tissues and tumors and may have biological significance. Indeed, normal tissues at the vertices of a high-dimensional simplex could indicate genotype optimization for given tissue functions, and a way of avoiding errors in embryonary development. On the other hand, the cancer progression axis could define relevant pan-cancer genes and seems to be consistent with the atavistic theory of tumors. (shrink)

In this article, we argue for a study of educational administration centered on an ontology of practices. This is an initial proposal for thinking about and conceptualizing practices in educational administration. To do this, first, we explore how practices are constituted and how they configure the social realities of practitioners. Second, we explore what an ontology of practices has to offer for our understanding of organizations. Third, we examine how an ontology of practices might inform our understandings of leadership in (...) educational organizations, and we conclude by exploring some implications of an ontology of practices for the study of educational administration. (shrink)

O tema central desta monografia é a noção de realidade, tal como esta foi entendida por alguns cientistas naturais da primeira metade do século XX. Os cientistas-filósofos escolhidos são: Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger e Max Born. À guisa de comentário introdutório, devo observar que o tema da realidade não é o único aqui abordado, e que a presente monografia pode ser tomada como uma primeira introdução às ideias e teses filosóficas dos seis cientistas referidos. (...) Ao escrever este trabalho, o meu principal objetivo foi o de fazer com que os estudantes de graduação dos cursos de filosofia tenham a possibilidade de ler um comentário geral sobre as ideias filosóficas – em particular, as metafísicas, portanto referentes à natureza da realidade – de alguns dos físicos mais importantes do século passado. Um segundo público alvo possível pode ser encontrado entre os estudantes do ensino médio. Finalmente, este texto pode, eventualmente, ser definido como paradidático, atraindo a atenção de professores, principalmente daqueles que atuam neste último segmento. (shrink)

Este artigo apresenta a diferenciação do conceito de poder no pensamento de Jürgen Habermas em duas obras. Na primeira, a Teoria da ação comunicativa, o autor introduz uma concepção de poder reduzida à ação racional com respeito a fins, enquanto, na segunda, Facticidade e Validade, Habermas introduz um conceito de poder comunicativo, em oposição ao poder administrativo.A apresentação dessa diferenciação indica uma abertura da própria ideia de ação comunicativa para a política e para os princípios do Estado de direito. Na (...) medida em que o procedimentalismo e o uso público da razão implicam constantes disputas que envolvem comunicação e poder, Habermas apresenta o poder comunicativo com potências radicalmente democráticas. O conceito fornece bases para a esfera pública influenciar politicamente o sistema político por meio de um modelo extraordinário de circulação do poder político nos processos deliberativos. (shrink)

In his article How Did Marx Invent the Symptom? Žižek discusses his project of a critique of ideology, he proposes, since the concept of real abstraction by Sohn-Rethel, that are a virtual dimension that structure the practices, which, in turn, the beliefs or the subjectivity is submitted to. On contrary to the classical critique of ideology, that step in the levels of practices or the subjectivity, in Žižek’s project the subjectivity is just a rebound effect of the practices and the (...) the practice is what are ideological, then the critique of ideology must to act over the practices, nor on the believes. And, the way to do this is acting over the real abstraction, or, the phantasy, the ideological phantasy. Our propose in this article is to show how this project of a critique of ideology fits in the lacanian structure known as Graph of Desire. In this way, the lacanian graph will be a generic topology to a critique of ideology or phantasy. (shrink)

This article introduces practical and theoretical investigations in fields of art and technology related to biotelematics, hybridization and transcultural experimentation based on research carried out over the last four years at the Nucleus of Art and New Organisms (NANO). We will approach this subject by considering three main points of view: field theory (Ascott 1980; Nóbrega 2009); the concept of coherence (Ho 1993; Ho & Popp 1989; Simondon 1980); and the state of connectedness (Ascott 2006). These will act as integrative (...) models for the understanding of an emerging hybrid organic structure presented as an aesthetic organism (Nóbrega 2009). The concept of field theory is applied as a working model for the systemic role of information within the immaterial, invisible, dynamical flow that intercommunicates natural (i.e. humans and other living systems) and artificial (i.e. machine) organisms in the process of invention, as well as in the fruition of artwork. In terms of the concept of coherence, we propose the idea of artworks as transducers of energy; more specifically, as resonators of coherent fields that interconnect the artist and audience in an integrated, dynamical whole. Furthermore, we approach the state of connectedness as a fundamental notion for the dynamics involved in the invention, exhibition and absorption of contemporary artworks. NANO Lab’s involvement with artistic research is not only understood as a physical space for experimentation, but also as an environment in which our practice reflects concepts applied in artistic work. In this sense, we can highlight two theoretical references (other than Roy Ascott’s work) which guide this methodology: Humberto Maturana (2001; Varela & Maturana 1992) and the idea of a conserved ‘autopoiesis’, a systematic medium (space) in which all recursive dynamics of reciprocal interactions occur to sustain the survival of life, processes and systems, and where technology can be conceived as a powerful instrument/medium to expand our knowledge about structural and sensitive coherences within living and non-living systems; and, Jorge de Albuquerque Vieira’s (2006; 2009) approach to art as a type of knowledge related to any process that guarantees the permanence or survival of a system based on three major characteristics for the survival of an open system – sensitivity (to operate information flows), memory (to transfer and retain information), and capability (to elaborate or prepare information according to its needs). (shrink)

La concepción de Derechos Humanos se ha desarrollado a lo largo de la historia con diferentes modalidades transformándose en un campo de acción con fundamentación propia. Este artículo analiza el fundamento de los Derechos Humanos como un accionar en sociedad conformado por un macroescenario institucional constituído para su ejercicio así como de los microescenarios donde variados actores desempeñan roles, defienden intereses distintos, engendrando ópticas que alcanzan finalmente soluciones concretas que inciden directamente en nuestra vida cotidiana.The conception of the human rights (...) has developed throughout history in different modes thus becoming an action field with its own foundations. This article analyses the foundations of the human rights as a way of acting in society, conformed by an institutional macro scenery constituted for its exercise, as well as by micro sceneries where a variety of actors perform roles, defend different interests, thus generating a number of perspectives that finally achieve concrete solutions that impact directly on our everyday life. (shrink)

En el marco del debate acerca de los diseños institucionales capaces de dar cuenta de reivindicaciones minoritarias complejas, el siguiente trabajo se propone examinar algunas de las dificultades que se les plantean a las propuestas deconstructivistas, en particular a aquella línea teórica que realiza una crítica a la visión descriptivista del sujeto de derecho desde la perspectiva del concepto de performatividad austiniana. Así, se analizará la construcción teórica de Judith Butler, para, desde allí, marcar algunas perplejidades a las que arribaría (...) su punto de vista y concluir, a manera de hipótesis, que un diseño institucional que pretenda una defensa de las minorías que trascienda lo meramente declamativo, no puede ni debe dejar de lado la lógica moderna que presupone, aun con una controvertida carga metafísica, la existencia de un sujeto. (shrink)

This study represents an empirical, comprehensive investigation of two different inter-organisational collaborative approaches, offering a novel perspective on collaborative circular business models in the modern economy. In this vein, we explore how open innovation strategies foster the implementation of circular economy practices within a circular supply chain and a circular ecosystem. In addition, we identify and characterise stakeholders' roles in facilitating the translation of circular principles into a viable business. An inductive theorising approach was employed, leveraging an explorative multiple case (...) study methodology. Data were collected from 13 organisations involved in two collaborative networks, designed to establish upcycling practices to recover waste from the food and beverage industry. A critical realist philosophical positioning underpinned researchers' data collection and analysis. As a result, we outline the nature of two different collaborative approaches to pursue a regenerative production system through open innovation strategies: a circular supply chain and a circular ecosystem architecture. The characterisation of the coordinator and orchestrator of collaborative circular business models is also highlighted in our findings. In sum, this study contributes to the literature on circular economy by unveiling the role of open innovation in fostering circular business development. From a practical standpoint, it offers insights for managers of sustainability-oriented companies willing to implement upcycling practices. (shrink)

Reviewed Works:Telis K. Menas, A Combinatorial Property of $p_\kappa\lambda$.Donald H. Pelletier, The Partition Property for Certain Extendible Measures on Supercompact Cardinals.Kenneth Kunen, Donald H. Pelletier, On a Combinatorial Property of Menas Related to the Partition Property for Measures on Supercompact Cardinals.Julius B. Barbanel, Supercompact Cardinals, Trees of Normal Ultrafilters, and the Partition Property.

Las tecnologías de la comunicación y la alfabetización digital pueden suponer factores de exclusión en colectivos vulnerables. Mediante una práctica de inclusión social diseñada en base a metodologías participativas, un equipo transdisciplinar ha ofrecido a un grupo de mujeres refugiadas en situación de especial vulnerabilidad un programa formativo que, dirigido al emprendimiento y a la inserción laboral, fomentaba la adquisición de habilidades digitales. Asimismo, se presenta una experiencia de Aprendizaje Servicio con alumnado universitario que ha favorecido la inclusión social de (...) las mujeres refugiadas en la universidad y la formación real de este alumnado de la educación reglada. (shrink)

Se construye el concepto de “representación política constitutivas” como expresión de la “imaginación social y cultural” desde la teoría sociológica contemporánea en sus dimensiones de mito, ideología, utopía o idea. Paralelamente, se propone un ensayo de análisis de la representación de la “Patria Grande” considerada como una “representación social” con pretensiones de universalidad, contradictoria y polisémica, que permite una gran flexibilidad heurística y una variedad de funciones que la hacen operacional a la investigación, pero también, rodeada de una gran confusión. (...) Finalmente, se interpreta Patria Grande como idea de una historia universal con designio cosmopolita dirigida hacia la paz perpetua expresada en el momento de la ilustración y la independencia de las repúblicas latinoamericanas como alternativa crítica a algunas tesis reduccionistas del análisis político contemporáneo. (shrink)

Este trabajo examina el Contrato social de Rousseau como exposición de los principios de derecho político de la “república legítima” (Estado), que están en la base de la comprensión de los cuerpos políticos modernos. Tomando en cuenta el campo agonístico de la teoría del contrato y de la tradición republicana en que se inserta, el interés recae en la identificación y sistematización de los principios formales que subyacen a su concepción de la república como un todo compuesto y complejo, así (...) como al enunciado de sus principios constitutivos. A partir de ello, el artículo identifica el modelo de la república en estado de equilibrio, que le permite dar el paso para el desarrollo de su teoría sobre el funcionamiento del Estado y el papel del gobierno. (shrink)

This article analyzes the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) decoupling and financial market outcomes. CSR decoupling refers to the gap between CSR disclosure and CSR performance. More specifically, we analyze the effect of CSR decoupling on analysts’ forecast errors, cost of capital, and access to finance. We also examine the moderating effect of forecast errors on relationships between CSR decoupling and cost of capital and access to finance. For a sample of U.S. firms consisting of 7,681 firm-year observations for (...) the period 2006–2015, our empirical evidence supports the idea that a wider gap results in higher analysts’ forecast errors, a greater cost of capital, and reduced access to finance. In addition, our results show that forecast errors enhance the effect of the CSR decoupling on cost of capital and access to financial resources. We also note that external monitoring, in the form of greater analysts’ coverage, reduces CSR decoupling. (shrink)

Seekers know that they will search all their lives not only for what they have lost, but above all for what they do not yet know and that they are not even sure exists. Augusto Cavadi, to whom this book is dedicated on his 70th birthday, is an indomitable seeker. For this reason a group of friends and colleagues wrote these collected testimonies, reflections, ideas and suggestions inspired by his writings and his life as an anti-academic philosopher without a (...) tie--Translated from back cover. (shrink)

What can the philosophy of agency learn from Nguyen’s book on games? The most important lesson concerns, to use Nguyen’s terms, the ‘layered’ structure of our agency and the ‘fluidity’ requ...

This chapter discusses the structure of our temporally extended agency. We do not have the power to act directly at a distance, so any of our temporally extended projects must be sustained over its temporal unfolding by momentary actions. We need both the capacity to organize these momentary steps in light of a synoptic overview of the extended activity as a whole and to sustain our motivation to continue to pursue the extended activity. Hence, the distinctive mode in which we (...) act over time is that of ’planning agency,’ which requires a form of temporal identification that goes beyond mere psychological continuity. I then discuss the differences in internal structure between merely continuous and integrated activities, and between telic and atelic ones. I provide a taxonomy of the different kinds of temporal goods and values and how these structures might bear on the risk of crisis of meaning in our temporal existence. I then touch briefly on the issue of how our mortality might make a difference to the structure of what we find valuable and how it relates to the temporal features of our agency. In the closing section, I discuss the effects of the moving temporal location of the agent (with her local executive powers) relative to her extended pursuits, including the asymmetries generated by the distinction between past and future stages of the activity and the moving horizon of what the agent can anticipate and (indirectly) control. (shrink)

The aim of this study is twofold: one, to determine the presence and function of scientific knowledge when it is required by such cases as `mad cow' disease, when the crisis breaks in the press; and two, to explore the role of scientific information through the analysis of quoted speech used by journalists in their discourse. Citation is the most explicit form of inclusion of other-discourse in one's-discourse. Within the framework of the theory of énonciation, in combination with a critical (...) view of discourse, we analyse the following: the identity of agents of reference chosen by journalists; the specific linguistic choices made in the pre-citation segment where the agents are introduced, that is, identification of discourse procedures and use of specific verbs of communication. The study shows the proportion of scientific and non-scientific voices, the different ways of representing science agents in the process of news communication as well as the use of citation by journal writers not just to confer authority and legitimation to their discourse but to set the scene of the conflict. The scientific role is not presented as a decisive social role capable on its own of reassuring public alarm and journalists fail to secure appropriate credibility for the scientific community. (shrink)

This paper offers an overview of the ways agents might extend over time and the characteristic structure of extended human agency. Agency can extend in two distinct but combinable modes: the ontological, which gives rise to simple continuous agents; and the conceptual, which gives rise to agents who conceive of and care about distal times, and have minimal planning abilities. Our extended form of agency combines both. But we are still limited by the temporal locality in the operation of our (...) psychological and executive powers. To account for this locality, I introduce the notion of 'temporal selves,' as the loci of immediacy in the agent's determination of their psychology, conduct, and practical standpoint. I argue that the passage of time generates, by itself, the threat of temporal alienation from distant temporal selves. A genuinely extended agency requires temporal identification: the sharing, by separate temporal selves, of a temporally extended and integrated practical standpoint. This temporal identification cannot be produced simply by temporal identity as continuity. What is required is temporal identity in the mode of unity and integration. This identity does not precede temporal identification but is co-constituted with it. I offer a preliminary account of the structure of the units of integration for agents who aspire to persist in the mode of unity and integration. I close with a cautionary note: the complex structure of integration, although familiar in everyday life, is often missed by standard philosophical accounts, which tend to focus on simple models of extended agency. (shrink)

For the period 2015–2019 and based on a Spanish sample of 145 listed companies, this paper provides insights into how narcissistic chief executive officers (CEOs) influence the proportion of women in top management teams (TMTs). As a further analysis and in line with social psychology and upper echelons theories, we study whether the power and gender of a CEO and the female proportion in the firm's board moderate the relationship. Our results reveal that narcissistic CEOs are less likely to support (...) women in TMTs, confirming that CEO personality traits influence team structure. Further results suggest that this aversion increases as the CEO's power grows and is a woman, and when female proportion in board decreases. The results have an impact on the gender equality goal, demonstrating that the behavior of women toward promoting gender equality in TMTs depends both on the specific position of women in the firm's hierarchy and on their personal psychological attributes. We find that women directors support social identity values and that narcissistic female CEOs act like queen bees. (shrink)

An outstanding reference source to the key issues, problems, and debates in this exciting subject. Comprising 42 chapters it is essential reading for students and researchers within philosophy of action, philosophy of mind, metaphysics, philosophy of psychology and ethics.

I argue that intending and acting belong to the same genus: intending is a kind of doing continuous in structure with intentional acting. Future-directed intending is not a truly separate phenomenon from either the intending in action or the acting itself. Ultimately, all intentions are in action, or better still, in extended courses of action. I show how the intuitive distinction between intending and acting is based on modeling the two phenomena on the extreme and limiting cases of an otherwise (...) continuous spectrum of the ways in which agents exercise rational active intelligent guidance in the pursuit of goals. I argue that diachronic intentional agency is better understood in terms of continuity and unity of courses of active and intelligent guidance, and that the distinction between intending to do something and doing it is only a derivative and context-dependent segmentation of these continuous courses of rational active intelligent guidance. (shrink)

In this article, we shall attempt to lay down the parameters within which the practice of the virtues may be enabled in the field of finance. We shall be drawing from the three main sources, Aristotle, Catholic Social Teaching and MacIntyre, on which virtue ethics is based. The research question is what ought to be done for financial activities to truly contribute to eudaimonia or human flourishing, to the achievement of three distinct kinds of goods as required of virtue, “those (...) internal to practices, those which are the goods of an individual life and those which are the goods of the community”, and to “[help] man on the path of salvation” in the midst of complex network of relationships in modern societies. These parameters could then be taken as conditions financiers ought to fulfill in order to live the virtues in their work and across different life spheres. (shrink)

For millennia, knowledge has eluded a precise definition. The industrialization of knowledge (IoK) and the associated proliferation of the so-called knowledge communities in the last few decades caused this state of affairs to deteriorate, namely by creating a trio composed of data, knowledge, and information (DIK) that is not unlike the aporia of the trinity in philosophy. This calls for a general theory of knowledge (ToK) that can work as a foundation for a science of knowledge (SoK) and additionally distinguishes (...) knowledge from both data and information. In this paper, I attempt to sketch this generality via the establishing of both knowledge structures and knowledge systems that can then be adopted/adapted by the diverse communities for the respective knowledge technologies and practices. This is achieved by means of a formal–indeed, mathematical–approach to epistemological matters a.k.a. formal epistemology. The corresponding application focus is on knowledge systems implementable as computer programs. (shrink)

This research focuses on examining the relationship between some attributes of assurance providers and the level of sustainability assurance. By using the propensity to issue negative conclusions in the assurance statement as an indicator of the level of assurance, we examine whether the brand name and industry specialisation of the practitioners have an impact on the assurance opinion issued. Using an international sample of 1233 firm-year observations over the period 2007–2014, the findings document the impact of the brand reputation and (...) industry specialisation of assurance providers on the level of assurance. The probability of detecting material errors and omissions in a sustainability report is higher if it is verified by a Big 4 auditing firm and by an industry expert as an assurance practitioner. The greater experience in providing audit services and the relevant skills and training provided by Big 4 firms, as well as the greater knowledge and experience of industry experts, increase the propensity to report more accurate opinions about a sustainability report. The findings are robust for alternative measures for the level of assurance and the industry specialisation. (shrink)