Results for 'Anders Mortensen'

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  1.  11
    Skönhetens nytta. Om uppkomsten av konstnärligt värde under den skotska Upplysningen.Anders Mortensen - 2005 - Res Publica 66.
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  2.  25
    Sexuate difference in a time of terror.Ellen Mortensen - 2014 - Thesis Eleven 120 (1):75-89.
    This paper argues for the benefits of approaching the terrorist attacks executed by Anders Behring Breivik in Norway on 22 July 2011 from the perspective of Luce Irigaray’s philosophy. In Breivik’s right-wing manifesto 2083, he identifies the triumvirate cultural Marxism, Islam and feminism as the main culprits for Europe’s decay. Despite arguing for the superiority of the white European race, and the dangers of immigration and religious plurality for Europe’s future, Breivik denies the value of difference, be it sexual, (...)
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  3. Fair equality of chances for prediction-based decisions.Michele Loi, Anders Herlitz & Hoda Heidari - 2024 - Economics and Philosophy 40 (3):557-580.
    This article presents a fairness principle for evaluating decision-making based on predictions: a decision rule is unfair when the individuals directly impacted by the decisions who are equal with respect to the features that justify inequalities in outcomes do not have the same statistical prospects of being benefited or harmed by them, irrespective of their socially salient morally arbitrary traits. The principle can be used to evaluate prediction-based decision-making from the point of view of a wide range of antecedently specified (...)
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  4. A Pragmatist’s Guide to Epistemic Utility.Benjamin Anders Levinstein - 2017 - Philosophy of Science 84 (4):613-638.
    We use a theorem from M. J. Schervish to explore the relationship between accuracy and practical success. If an agent is pragmatically rational, she will quantify the expected loss of her credence with a strictly proper scoring rule. Which scoring rule is right for her will depend on the sorts of decisions she expects to face. We relate this pragmatic conception of inaccuracy to the purely epistemic one popular among epistemic utility theorists.
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  5. What is Said?Andreas Stokke & Anders J. Schoubye - 2015 - Noûs 50 (4):759-793.
    It is sometimes argued that certain sentences of natural language fail to express truth conditional contents. Standard examples include e.g. Tipper is ready and Steel is strong enough. In this paper, we provide a novel analysis of truth conditional meaning using the notion of a question under discussion. This account explains why these types of sentences are not, in fact, semantically underdetermined, provides a principled analysis of the process by which natural language sentences can come to have enriched meanings in (...)
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  6.  62
    On Hedden's proof that machine learning fairness metrics are flawed.Anders Søgaard, Klemens Kappel & Thor Grünbaum - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    1. Fairness is about the just distribution of society's resources, and in ML, the main resource being distributed is model performance, e.g. the translation quality produced by machine translation...
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  7.  74
    Grounding the Vector Space of an Octopus: Word Meaning from Raw Text.Anders Søgaard - 2021 - Minds and Machines 33 (1):33-54.
    Most, if not all, philosophers agree that computers cannot learn what words refers to from raw text alone. While many attacked Searle’s Chinese Room thought experiment, no one seemed to question this most basic assumption. For how can computers learn something that is not in the data? Emily Bender and Alexander Koller ( 2020 ) recently presented a related thought experiment—the so-called Octopus thought experiment, which replaces the rule-based interlocutor of Searle’s thought experiment with a neural language model. The Octopus (...)
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  8. Techno-animism in Japan: Shinto Cosmograms, Actor-network Theory, and the Enabling Powers of Non-human Agencies.Casper Bruun Jensen & Anders Blok - 2013 - Theory, Culture and Society 30 (2):84-115.
    In a wide range of contemporary debates on Japanese cultures of technological practice, brief reference is often made to distinct Shinto legacies, as forming an animist substratum of indigenous spiritual beliefs and cosmological imaginations. Japan has been described as a land of Shinto-infused ‘techno-animism’: exhibiting a ‘polymorphous perversity’ that resolutely ignores boundaries between human, animal, spiritual and mechanical beings. In this article, we deploy instances of Japanese techno-animism as sites of theoretical experimentation on what Bruno Latour calls a symmetrical anthropology (...)
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  9.  29
    Ambulance clinicians’ understanding of older patients’ self-determination: A vignette study.Anna Bennesved, Anders Bremer, Anders Svensson, Andreas Rantala & Mats Holmberg - 2024 - Nursing Ethics 31 (2-3):342-354.
    Background Older patients are often vulnerable and highly dependent on healthcare professionals’ assessment in the event of acute illness. In the context of ambulance services, this poses challenges as the assessment is normally conducted with a focus on identifying life-threatening conditions. Such assessment is not fully satisfactory in a patient relationship that also aims to promote and protect patient autonomy. Aim To describe ambulance clinicians’ understanding of older patients’ self-determination when the patient’s decision-making ability is impaired. Research design A qualitative (...)
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  10.  40
    Ethical Conflicts in Prehospital Emergency Care.Lars Sandman & Anders Nordmark - 2006 - Nursing Ethics 13 (6):592-607.
    This article analyses and presents a survey of ethical conflicts in prehospital emergency care. The results are based on six focus group interviews with 29 registered nurses and paramedics working in prehospital emergency care at three different locations: a small town, a part of a major city and a sparsely populated area. Ethical conflict was found to arise in 10 different nodes of conflict: the patient/carer relationship, the patient’s self-determination, the patient’s best interest, the carer’s professional ideals, the carer’s professional (...)
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  11.  32
    Well‐Being and Enhancement.Julian Savulescu, Anders Sandberg & Guy Kahane - 2011 - In Julian Savulescu, Ruud ter Meulen & Guy Kahane (eds.), Enhancing Human Capacities. Blackwell. pp. 1–18.
    Current and future possibilities for enhancing human physical ability, cognition, mood, and lifespan raise the ethical question of whether we should enhance normal human capacities in these ways. This chapter offers such an account of enhancement. It begins by reviewing a number of suggested accounts of enhancement, and points to their shortcomings. The chapter then identifies two key senses of “enhancement”: functional enhancement, the enhancement of some capacity or power (e.g. vision, intelligence, health) and human enhancement, the enhancement of a (...)
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  12. Anthropic shadow: observation selection effects and human extinction risks.Milan M. Ćirković, Anders Sandberg & Nick Bostrom - unknown
    We describe a significant practical consequence of taking anthropic biases into account in deriving predictions for rare stochastic catastrophic events. The risks associated with catastrophes such as asteroidal/cometary impacts, supervolcanic episodes, and explosions of supernovae/gamma-ray bursts are based on their observed frequencies. As a result, the frequencies of catastrophes that destroy or are otherwise incompatible with the existence of observers are systematically underestimated. We describe the consequences of the anthropic bias for estimation of catastrophic risks, and suggest some directions for (...)
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  13.  39
    Identity Theory and Falsifiability.Anders Søgaard - 2024 - Acta Analytica 39 (4):737-748.
    I identify a class of arguments against multiple realization (MR): BookofSand arguments. The arguments are in their general form successful under reasonably uncontroversial assumptions, but this, on the other hand, turns the table on identity theory: If arguments from MR can always be refuted by BookofSand arguments, is identity theory falsifiable? In the absence of operational demarcation criteria, it is not. I suggest a parameterized formal demarcation principle for brain state/process types and show how it can be used to identify (...)
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  14.  53
    Ecocentrism and Biosphere Life Extension.Karim Jebari & Anders Sandberg - 2022 - Science and Engineering Ethics 28 (6):1-19.
    The biosphere represents the global sum of all ecosystems. According to a prominent view in environmental ethics, ecocentrism, these ecosystems matter for their own sake, and not only because they contribute to human ends. As such, some ecocentrists are critical of the modern industrial civilization, and a few even argue that an irreversible collapse of the modern industrial civilization would be a good thing. However, taking a longer view and considering the eventual destruction of the biosphere by astronomical processes, we (...)
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  15.  46
    Does Dyadic Gratitude Make Sense? The Lived Experience and Conceptual Delineation of Gratitude in Absence of a Benefactor.Nick Hebbink, Anders Schinkel & Doret de Ruyter - 2023 - Journal of Value Inquiry 1:1-20.
    In this paper we defend the idea that dyadic gratitude — i.e. gratitude in absence of a benefactor — is a coherent concept. Some authors claim that ‘gratitude’ is by definition a triadic concept involving a beneficiary who is grateful for a benefit to a benefactor. These authors state that people who use the term gratitude in absence of a benefactor do so inappropriately, e.g. by using it as an interchangeable term for ‘appreciation’ or ‘being glad’. We believe that the (...)
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  16.  38
    Protocol Analysis.K. Anders Ericsson - 1998 - In George Graham & William Bechtel (eds.), A Companion to Cognitive Science. Blackwell. pp. 425–432.
    The central problem which cognitive scientists face in studying thinking is that thinking cannot be observed directly by other people. The traditional solution has been to rely on introspective methods, where individuals observe their own thinking and reflect on its characteristics. In everyday life, the most common technique involves asking people questions about their thinking, knowledge, and strategies. Psychologists have refined the methods for questioning individuals by designing questionnaires and structured interviews. However, these two ways of obtaining information about thinking (...)
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  17. Neuroenhancement of love and marriage: The chemicals between us. [REVIEW]Julian Savulescu & Anders Sandberg - 2008 - Neuroethics 1 (1):31-44.
    This paper reviews the evolutionary history and biology of love and marriage. It examines the current and imminent possibilities of biological manipulation of lust, attraction and attachment, so called neuroenhancement of love. We examine the arguments for and against these biological interventions to influence love. We argue that biological interventions offer an important adjunct to psychosocial interventions, especially given the biological limitations inherent in human love.
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  18. Late Modern Subjectivity.Kieran Keohane, Anders Petersen & Bert Bergh - 2017 - London: Routledge.
    This book analyses three of the most prevalent illnesses of late modernity: anxiety, depression and Alzheimer’s disease, in terms of their relation to cultural pathologies of the social body. Usually these conditions are interpreted clinically in terms of individualized symptoms and responded to discretely, as though for the most part unrelated to each other. However, these diseases also have a social and cultural profile that transcends their particular symptomologies and etiologies. Anxiety, depression and Alzheimer’s are diseases related to disorders of (...)
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  19.  4
    Friedrich Nietzsche: von verborgenen Anfängen seimes Philosophierens.Karl Schlechta & Anni Anders - 1962 - Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt,: F. Frommann. Edited by Anni[From Old Catalog] Anders.
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  20. Introduction.Adama Samassékou & Anders Pettersson - 2011 - Diogenes 58 (1-2):3-4.
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  21.  27
    The Logic of Inconsistency.Chris Mortensen - 1981 - Philosophical Quarterly 31 (124):275-277.
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  22.  65
    How Many Impossible Images Did Escher Produce?Chris Mortensen, Steve Leishman, Peter Quigley & Theresa Helke - 2013 - British Journal of Aesthetics 53 (4):425-441.
    In this article we address the question of how many impossible images Escher produced. To answer requires us first to clarify a range of concepts, including content, ambiguity, illusion, and impossibility. We then consider, and reject, several candidates for impossibility before settling on an answer.
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  23.  53
    The validity of disjunctive syllogism is not so easily proved.Chris Mortensen - 1983 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 24 (1):35-40.
  24.  19
    Friedrich Kittler. Operation Valhalla: Writings on War, Weapons, and Media, trans. and ed. Ilinca Iurascu, Geoffrey Winthrop-Young, and Michael Wutz. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2021. 312 pages. [REVIEW]Anders Engberg-Pedersen - 2023 - Critical Inquiry 49 (4):689-689.
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  25. Anything is possible.Ch Mortensen - 1989 - Erkenntnis 30 (3):319 - 337.
    This paper criticises necessitarianism, the thesis that there is at least one necessary truth; and defends possibilism, the thesis that all propositions are contingent, or that anything is possible. The second section maintains that no good conventionalist account of necessity is available, while the third section criticises model theoretic necessitarianism. The fourth section sketches some recent technical work on nonclassical logic, with the aim of weakening necessitarian intuitions and strengthening possibilist intuitions. The fifth section considers several a prioristic attempts at (...)
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  26.  47
    Inconsistent number systems.Chris Mortensen - 1987 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 29 (1):45-60.
  27.  26
    Implication principles in Routley Arithmetic.C. E. Mortensen - 2019 - In Z. Weber (ed.), Ultralogic as Universal?. Synthese Library (Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science), vol 396. Springer.
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  28.  25
    (1 other version)Una mirada al futuro de la tecnología y del ser humano. Entrevista con Anders Sandberg.Anders Sandberg & Antonio Diéguez - 2017 - Contrastes: Revista Internacional de Filosofía 20 (2).
    miembro del Future of Humanity Institute de la Universidad de Oxford y experto en mejoramiento humano y transhumanismo, sobre cuestiones centrales de su labor investigadora.PALABRAS CLAVETRANSHUMANISMO, MEJORAMIENTO HUMANO, ANDERS SANDBERG, BIOTECNOLOGÍAABSTRACTInterview with Anders Sandberg, member of the Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University and expert in human enhancement and transhumanism, about central topics in his works.KEYWORDSTRANSHUMANISM, HUMAN ENHANCEMENT, ANDERS SANDBERG,BIOTECHNOLOGY.
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  29.  30
    Nudging in nursing.Anne Helene Mortensen, Marita Nordhaug & Vibeke Lohne - 2019 - Nursing Ethics 26 (6):1601-1610.
    Nudging is a concept in behavioural science, political theory and economics that proposes indirect suggestions to try to achieve non-forced compliance and to influence the decision making and behaviour of groups and individuals. Researchers in medical ethics are currently discussing whether nudging is ethically permissible in healthcare. In this article, we examine current knowledge about how different decisions (rational and pre-rational decisions, major and minor decisions) are made and how this decision-making process pertains to patients. We view this knowledge in (...)
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  30.  29
    Flirting in online dating: Giving empirical grounds to flirtatious implicitness.Kristine Køhler Mortensen - 2017 - Discourse Studies 19 (5):581-597.
    Various fields have examined the activity of flirting, predominantly based on experimental and reported data; the interactional workings are therefore often overlooked. Based on emails and chats from two Danish online dating sites, this article investigates how users negotiate romantic connections through the flirting strategy of ‘imagined togetherness’, linguistically constructing imagery of a shared future. Using the notion of the chronotope, turn-by-turn analysis demonstrates how users, embedded in the activity of getting to know each other, tenuously communicate romantic interest by (...)
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  31.  25
    True or False? Viewer Perceptions of Emotional Staff and Stock Photos in the News.Tara Marie Mortensen, Colin Piacentine, Taylor Wen, Nora Bost & Brian McDermott - 2024 - Journal of Media Ethics 39 (1):16-32.
    The phenomenon of multi-used stock photography in the news contradicts the photojournalism professional values of truthful and emotional depictions. This reality echoes other false images increasingly appearing in the media, including deepfakes and artificial intelligence. In the present study, a two (stock and staff photo) by two (positive and negative valence) quasi-experiment is conducted. The dependent variables include: 1) credibility; 2) self-reported arousal level; 3) emotional valence perceptions; 4) fixation duration; and 5) fixation count. Participants viewed staff photos as more (...)
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  32.  64
    The limits of change.Chris Mortensen - 1985 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 63 (1):1 – 10.
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  33.  20
    Prior and rennie on times and tenses.Chris Mortensen - 1995 - History and Philosophy of Logic 16 (1):65-73.
    One of Arthur Prior’s constructions of the relational calculus for times within tense logic plus propositional quantifiers is considered using Malcolm Rennie’s multimodal semantics and found wantin...
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  34.  37
    The ethics and regulation of lawyers worldwide: the seventh international legal ethics conference, New York.Mortensen Reid - 2017 - Legal Ethics 20 (1):151-152.
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  35.  4
    (1 other version)The common good: an introduction to personalism.Jonas Norgaard Mortensen - 2014 - Frederiksværk: Boedal. Edited by Steffen Boeskov.
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  36.  79
    Knowing how as a philosophical hybrid.Chad Gonnerman, Kaija Mortensen & Jacob Robbins - 2021 - Synthese 199 (3-4):11323-11354.
    Our view is that the folk concept of knowing how is more complicated than many epistemologists assume. We present four studies that go some way towards supporting our view—that the folk concept of knowledge-how is a philosophical hybrid, comprising both intellectualist and anti-intellectualist features. One upshot is, if we are going to award a presumptive status to philosophical theories of know-how that best accord with the folk concept, it ought to go to those that combine intellectualist and anti-intellectualist elements.
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  37.  76
    Relevance and verisimilitude.Chris Mortensen - 1983 - Synthese 55 (3):353-364.
    Popper's definition looked initially promising provided that the restriction of classical logic was removed. As we have seen, this promise is not fulfilled. The search for a satisfactory verisimilitude ordering must therefore be pursued along more mainstream lines. The present exercise ought, however, to make us aware of the possibility that breakdowns of proposed definitions might only occur because of strictly classical assumptions.
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  38. Frontiers in Paraconsistent Logic.Diderik Batens, Chris Mortensen, Graham Priest & Jean Paul Van Bendegem (eds.) - 2000 - Research Studies Press.
    Paraconsistent logic, logic in which inconsistent information does not deliver arbitrary conclusions, is one of the fastest growing areas of logic, with roots in profound philosophical issues, and applications in information processing and philosophy of science. This book contains selected papers presented at the First World Congress on Paraconsistency, held in Ghent in 1997. It contains papers on various aspects of the subject. As such, it should be of interest to all who want to learn what the subject is, and (...)
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  39.  69
    On the possibility of science without numbers.Chris Mortensen - 1998 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 76 (2):182 – 197.
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  40.  16
    En Filosofibok: tillägnad Anders Wedberg.Anders Wedberg (ed.) - 1978 - Stockholm: Bonnier.
    Berg, J. Buñuels dagdröm.--Bergström, L. Pessimismens konsekvenser.--Furberg, M. Möjliga teser hos Johannes Climacus.--Halldén, S. Teckenrelationen och språkreglernas juridik.--Hedenius, I. Ett argument mot den rättsfilosofiska domstolsrealismen.--Mates, B. Om Platons argument "den tredje människan."--Marc-Wogau, K. Kant om lögnen.--Næss, A. Om filosofiske projekter som forener empirisk semantikk og metafysisk spekulasjon.--Ofstad, H. Får nazister lettere magesår enn humanister?--Prawitz, D. Om moraliska och logiska satsers sanning.--Stenius, E. Om Descartes' psykofysiska modell.--Tranøy, K. E. Filosofenes etiske ansvar.--Wright, G. H. von. En filosof ser på filosofien.
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  41.  41
    On Anders V. Munch’s doctoral thesis From Bayreuth to Bauhaus: The Gesamtkunstwerk and the Modern Art Forms.Anders Troelsen - 2013 - Nordic Journal of Aesthetics 23 (46).
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  42.  38
    Reply to Burgess and to Read.Chris Mortensen - 1986 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 27 (2):195-200.
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  43.  37
    Every quotient algebra for $C_1$ is trivial.Chris Mortensen - 1980 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 21 (4):694-700.
  44.  67
    Change and inconsistency.Chris Mortensen - forthcoming - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  45.  32
    Conscious decisions.Chris Mortensen - 1985 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (4):548-549.
  46. Inference and Consciousness.Anders Nes & Timothy Hoo Wai Chan (eds.) - 2019 - London: Routledge.
    Inference has long been a concern in epistemology, as an essential means by which we extend our knowledge and test our beliefs. Inference is also a key notion in influential psychological or philosophical accounts of mental capacities, from perception via utterance comprehension to problem-solving. Consciousness, on the other hand, has arguably been the defining interest of philosophy of mind over recent decades. Comparatively little attention, however, has been devoted to the significance of consciousness for the proper understanding of the nature (...)
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  47. Inconsistent mathematics.Chris Mortensen - 2008 - Studia Logica.
  48.  43
    The Social and Economic Impacts of Cognitive Enhancements.Anders Sandberg, Julian Savulescu & Guy Kahane - 2011 - In Julian Savulescu, Ruud ter Meulen & Guy Kahane (eds.), Enhancing Human Capacities. Blackwell. pp. 93--112.
    The possibility of enhancing human abilities often raises public concern about equality and social impact. This chapter aims at one particular group of technologies, cognitive enhancement, and one particular fear, that enhancement will create social divisions and possibly expanding inequalities. The chapter argues that cognitive enhancements could offer significant social and economic benefits. The basic forms of internal cognitive enhancement technologies foreseen today are pharmacological modifications, genetic interventions, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and neural implants. Cognitive enhancements can influence the economy through (...)
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  49. Functional stability and systems level causation.Anders Strand & Gry Oftedal - 2009 - Philosophy of Science 76 (5):809-820.
    A wide range of gene knockout experiments shows that functional stability is an important feature of biological systems. On this backdrop, we present an argument for higher‐level causation based on counterfactual dependence. Furthermore, we sketch a metaphysical picture providing resources to explain the metaphysical nature of functional stability, higher‐level causation, and the relevant notion of levels. Our account aims to clarify the role empirical results and philosophical assumptions should play in debates about reductionism and higher‐level causation. It thereby contributes to (...)
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  50.  46
    On Logical Strength and Weakness.Chris Mortensen & Tim Burgess - 1989 - History and Philosophy of Logic 10 (1):47-51.
    First, we consider an argument due to Popper for maximal strength in choice of logic. We dispute this argument, taking a lead from some remarks by Susan Haack; but we defend a set of contrary considerations for minimal strength in logic. Finally, we consider the objection that Popper presupposes the distinctness of logic from science. We conclude from this that all claims to logical truth may be in equal epistemological trouble.
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