Results for 'Addition'

960 found
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  1. of the Faculty. It was easy to visualize different course levels in a di.Additional Disciplines - 1981 - Paideia 9.
  2. Non-Additive Beliefs in Solvable Games.Hans Haller - 2000 - Theory and Decision 49 (4):313-338.
    This paper studies how the introduction of non-additive probabilities (capacities) affects the solvability of strategic games.
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  3.  26
    The additive structure of integers with the lower Wythoff sequence.Mohsen Khani & Afshin Zarei - 2023 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 62 (1):225-237.
    We have provided a model-theoretic proof for the decidability of the additive structure of integers together with the function f mapping x to φx\lfloor \varphi x\rfloor where φ\varphi is the golden ratio.
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  4.  38
    Additivity and the Units of Selection.Peter Godfrey-Smith - 1992 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1992:315 - 328.
    "Additive variance in fitness" is an important concept in the formal apparatus of population genetics. Wimsatt and Lloyd have argued that this concept can also be used to decide the "unit of selection" in an evolutionary process. The paper argues that the proposed criteria of Wimsatt and Lloyd are ambiguous, and several interpretations of their views are presented. It is argued that none of these interpretations provide acceptable criteria for deciding units of selection. The reason is that additive variance in (...)
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  5.  63
    Additive Particles under Stress.Manfred Krifka - unknown
    It is customary to identify three broad classes of grading particles: additive particles like also, exclusive particles like only, and scalar particles like even (cf. König (1991); in the examples, grave accent stands for the main, falling accent).
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  6. Additive representation of separable preferences over infinite products.Marcus Pivato - 2014 - Theory and Decision 77 (1):31-83.
    Let X\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}X\mathcal{X }\end{document} be a set of outcomes, and let I\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}I\mathcal{I }\end{document} be an infinite indexing set. This paper shows that any separable, permutation-invariant preference order \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}\end{document} on XI\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}XI\mathcal{X }^\mathcal{I }\end{document} admits an additive representation. That is: there exists a linearly ordered abelian group R\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} (...)
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  7. Mere Addition and Two Trilemmas of Population Ethics.Erik Carlson - 1998 - Economics and Philosophy 14 (2):283.
    A principal aim of the branch of ethics called ‘population theory’ or ‘population ethics’ is to find a plausible welfarist axiology, capable of comparing total outcomes with respect to value. This has proved an exceedingly difficult task. In this paper I shall state and discuss two ‘trilemmas’, or choices between three unappealing alternatives, which the population ethicist must face. The first trilemma is not new. It originates with Derek Parfit's well-known ‘Mere Addition Paradox’, and was first explicitly stated by (...)
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  8. Mass additivity and a priori entailment.Kelvin J. McQueen - 2015 - Synthese 192 (5):1373-1392.
    The principle of mass additivity states that the mass of a composite object is the sum of the masses of its elementary components. Mass additivity is true in Newtonian mechanics but false in special relativity. Physicists have explained why mass additivity is true in Newtonian mechanics by reducing it to Newton’s microphysical laws. This reductive explanation does not fit well with deducibility theories of reductive explanation such as the modern Nagelian theory of reduction, and the a priori entailment theory of (...)
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  9. "Cultural additivity" and how the values and norms of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism co-exist, interact, and influence Vietnamese society: A Bayesian analysis of long-standing folktales, using R and Stan.Quan-Hoang Vuong, Manh-Tung Ho, Viet-Phuong La, Dam Van Nhue, Bui Quang Khiem, Nghiem Phu Kien Cuong, Thu-Trang Vuong, Manh-Toan Ho, Hong Kong T. Nguyen, Viet-Ha T. Nguyen, Hiep-Hung Pham & Nancy K. Napier - manuscript
    Every year, the Vietnamese people reportedly burned about 50,000 tons of joss papers, which took the form of not only bank notes, but iPhones, cars, clothes, even housekeepers, in hope of pleasing the dead. The practice was mistakenly attributed to traditional Buddhist teachings but originated in fact from China, which most Vietnamese were not aware of. In other aspects of life, there were many similar examples of Vietnamese so ready and comfortable with adding new norms, values, and beliefs, even contradictory (...)
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  10.  30
    Meager-Additive Sets in Topological Groups.Ondřej Zindulka - 2022 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 87 (3):1046-1064.
    By the Galvin–Mycielski–Solovay theorem, a subset X of the line has Borel’s strong measure zero if and only if $M+X\neq \mathbb {R}$ for each meager set M.A set $X\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ is meager-additive if $M+X$ is meager for each meager set M. Recently a theorem on meager-additive sets that perfectly parallels the Galvin–Mycielski–Solovay theorem was proven: A set $X\subseteq \mathbb {R}$ is meager-additive if and only if it has sharp measure zero, a notion akin to strong measure zero.We investigate the (...)
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  11.  35
    Additional Resources for Sparse Theories of Phenomenal Consciousness.Christopher F. Masciari - 2021 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 28 (11-12):125-147.
    The phenomenal overflow debate is a debate about the richness of phenomenal consciousness. There are two candidate views: the rich view and the sparse view. The rich view says phenomenal consciousness outstrips access consciousness and the contents of working memory. The sparse view denies this. Moreover, according to some conceptions of the sparse view, the subjective impression of richness depends on scene statistics and the refrigerator-light illusion. The purpose of this paper is to show there are additional resources available to (...)
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  12. Finite additivity, another lottery paradox and conditionalisation.Colin Howson - 2014 - Synthese 191 (5):1-24.
    In this paper I argue that de Finetti provided compelling reasons for rejecting countable additivity. It is ironical therefore that the main argument advanced by Bayesians against following his recommendation is based on the consistency criterion, coherence, he himself developed. I will show that this argument is mistaken. Nevertheless, there remain some counter-intuitive consequences of rejecting countable additivity, and one in particular has all the appearances of a full-blown paradox. I will end by arguing that in fact it is no (...)
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  13.  23
    Additivity Requirements in Classical and Quantum Probability.John Earman - unknown
    The discussion of different principles of additivity for probability functions has been largely focused on the personalist interpretation of probability. Very little attention has been given to additivity principles for physical probabilities. The form of additivity for quantum probabilities is determined by the algebra of observables that characterize a physical system and the type of quantum state that is realizable and preparable for that system. We assess arguments designed to show that only normal quantum states are realizable and preparable and, (...)
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  14. Additive Theories of Rationality: A Critique.Matthew Boyle - 2016 - European Journal of Philosophy 24 (3):527-555.
    Additive theories of rationality, as I use the term, are theories that hold that an account of our capacity to reflect on perceptually-given reasons for belief and desire-based reasons for action can begin with an account of what it is to perceive and desire, in terms that do not presuppose any connection to the capacity to reflect on reasons, and then can add an account of the capacity for rational reflection, conceived as an independent capacity to ‘monitor’ and ‘regulate’ our (...)
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  15.  17
    Additional Exergames to Regular Tennis Training Improves Cognitive-Motor Functions of Children but May Temporarily Affect Tennis Technique: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.Luka Šlosar, Eling D. de Bruin, Eduardo Bodnariuc Fontes, Matej Plevnik, Rado Pisot, Bostjan Simunic & Uros Marusic - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    This study evaluated the effects of an exergame program combined with traditional tennis training on autonomic regulation, tennis technique, gross motor skills, clinical reaction time, and cognitive inhibitory control in children. Sixty-three children were randomized into four groups and compared at baseline, 6-month immediately post intervention and at 1-year follow-up post intervention. At 6-month post intervention the combined exergame and regular training sessions revealed: higher breathing frequency, heart rate and lower skin conductance levels during exergaming; additional benefits in the point (...)
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  16. Countable additivity, dutch books, and the sleeping beauty problem.Jacob Ross - unknown
    Currently, it appears that the most widely accepted solution to the Sleeping Beauty problem is the one-third solution. Another widely held view is that an agent’s credences should be countably additive. In what follows, I will argue that these two views are incompatible, since the principles that underlie the one-third solution are inconsistent with the principle of Countable Additivity (hereafter, CA). I will then argue that this incompatibility is a serious problems for thirders, since it undermines one of the central (...)
     
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  17.  18
    Extracting Additional Influences From Physician Profiles With Topic Modeling: Impact on Ratings and Page Views in Online Healthcare Communities.Xiaoling Wei & Yuan-Teng Hsu - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    How physicians can get better ratings and more page views in online healthcare communities is an important issue. Based on 38,457 physicians' profiles from a popular online healthcare community in China, we used Latent Dirichlet Allocation model, which is a common topic model, to analyze the non-English text to obtain more doctor's latent characteristics. We found five of the most frequently mentioned topics. In addition to the first topic, “research ability,” “foreign experience,” “committee position,” and “clinical experience” were included (...)
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  18.  28
    Additivity of cues and transfer in discrimination of consonant clusters.Frank Restle - 1959 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 57 (1):9.
  19.  23
    (1 other version)Non-Additive Axiologies in Large Worlds.Christian Tarsney & Teruji Thomas - 2024 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 11.
    Is the overall value of a world just the sum of values contributed by each value-bearing entity in that world? Additively separable axiologies (like total utilitarianism, prioritarianism, and critical level views) say 'yes', but non-additive axiologies (like average utilitarianism, rank-discounted utilitarianism, and variable value views) say 'no'. This distinction appears to be practically important: among other things, additive axiologies generally assign great importance to large changes in population size, and therefore tend to strongly prioritize the long-term survival of humanity over (...)
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  20. Countable additivity and the de finetti lottery.Paul Bartha - 2004 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 55 (2):301-321.
    De Finetti would claim that we can make sense of a draw in which each positive integer has equal probability of winning. This requires a uniform probability distribution over the natural numbers, violating countable additivity. Countable additivity thus appears not to be a fundamental constraint on subjective probability. It does, however, seem mandated by Dutch Book arguments similar to those that support the other axioms of the probability calculus as compulsory for subjective interpretations. These two lines of reasoning can be (...)
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  21.  34
    An additive model for sequential decision making.James C. Shanteau - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 85 (2):181.
  22. Addition and subtraction by human infants. 358 (6389), 749-750. Xu, F., & Spelke, ES (2000). Large number discrimination in 6-month-old infants. [REVIEW]Karen Wynn - 1992 - Cognition 74 (1).
     
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  23. Countable Additivity, Idealization, and Conceptual Realism.Yang Liu - 2020 - Economics and Philosophy 36 (1):127-147.
    This paper addresses the issue of finite versus countable additivity in Bayesian probability and decision theory -- in particular, Savage's theory of subjective expected utility and personal probability. I show that Savage's reason for not requiring countable additivity in his theory is inconclusive. The assessment leads to an analysis of various highly idealised assumptions commonly adopted in Bayesian theory, where I argue that a healthy dose of, what I call, conceptual realism is often helpful in understanding the interpretational value of (...)
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  24.  27
    Finitely additive states and completeness of inner product spaces.Anatolij Dvurečenskij, Tibor Neubrunn & Sylvia Pulmannová - 1990 - Foundations of Physics 20 (9):1091-1102.
    For any unit vector in an inner product space S, we define a mapping on the system of all ⊥-closed subspaces of S, F(S), whose restriction on the system of all splitting subspaces of S, E(S), is always a finitely additive state. We show that S is complete iff at least one such mapping is a finitely additive state on F(S). Moreover, we give a completeness criterion via the existence of a regular finitely additive state on appropriate systems of subspaces. (...)
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  25. Why Countable Additivity?Kenny Easwaran - 2013 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 2 (1):53-61.
    It is sometimes alleged that arguments that probability functions should be countably additive show too much, and that they motivate uncountable additivity as well. I show this is false by giving two naturally motivated arguments for countable additivity that do not motivate uncountable additivity.
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  26.  17
    Non-additive probabilities in the work of Bernoulli and Lambert.Glenn Shafer - 1978 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 19 (4):309-370.
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  27. Revisiting cultural additivity through the lens of granular interactions thinking mechanism.Minh-Hoang Nguyen & Quan-Hoang Vuong - manuscript
    Through the lens of the informational entropy-based notion of value, I attempt to provide explanations for the aspects of cultural additivity that I could not explain previously: the additivity limit and the drawbacks of cultural additivity.
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  28.  15
    Additive Covers and the Canonical Base Property.Michael Loesch - 2023 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 88 (1):118-144.
    We give a new approach to the failure of the Canonical Base Property (CBP) in the so far only known counterexample, produced by Hrushovski, Palacín and Pillay. For this purpose, we will give an alternative presentation of the counterexample as an additive cover of an algebraically closed field. We isolate two fundamental weakenings of the CBP, which already appeared in work of Chatzidakis and Moosa-Pillay and show that they do not hold in the counterexample. In order to do so, a (...)
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  29.  70
    Complete additivity and modal incompleteness.Wesley H. Holliday & Tadeusz Litak - 2019 - Review of Symbolic Logic 12 (3):487-535.
    In this article, we tell a story about incompleteness in modal logic. The story weaves together an article of van Benthem, “Syntactic aspects of modal incompleteness theorems,” and a longstanding open question: whether every normal modal logic can be characterized by a class of completely additive modal algebras, or as we call them, ${\cal V}$-baos. Using a first-order reformulation of the property of complete additivity, we prove that the modal logic that starred in van Benthem’s article resolves the open question (...)
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  30.  5
    Additional reading.Erik W. Larson - 2006 - In Alan Soble (ed.), Sex from Plato to Paglia: a philosophical encyclopedia. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. pp. 1--410.
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  31. Two additions to positive implication.A. N. Prior - 1964 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 29 (1):31-32.
  32.  56
    Some Additional (But Not Final) Words.Daniel Garber - 2015 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 53 (3):537-539.
    i would like to thank Michael Della Rocca for his thoughtful response to my remarks. Needless to say, I am not entirely convinced by everything he says, but I am also sure that he did not think that I would be! The substantive points on which we differ are complex, and deserve careful consideration and argument; this is not the occasion on which to thrash out those differences. But I would like to add a few words about the methodological differences (...)
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  33. Additivity of the commutator and residuation.Janusz Czelakowski - 2008 - Reports on Mathematical Logic.
    The notion of a commutator lattice is investigated. It is shown that the class of commutator lattices is coextensive with the class of lattices with residuation.
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  34.  48
    The additive group of the rationals does not have an automatic presentation.Todor Tsankov - 2011 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 76 (4):1341-1351.
    We prove that the additive group of the rationals does not have an automatic presentation. The proof also applies to certain other abelian groups, for example, torsion-free groups that are p-divisible for infinitely many primes p, or groups of the form ⊕ p∈I Z(p ∞ ), where I is an infinite set of primes.
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  35.  48
    Additive Manufacturing and its Implications for Military Ethics.John Mark Mattox - 2013 - Journal of Military Ethics 12 (3):225-234.
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  36. Biocidal additive for paint materials.K. P. Zabotin - 1980 - Continent. Paint Resin News 18 (3):60.
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  37.  27
    The additive groups of ℤ and ℚ with predicates for being square‐free.Neer Bhardwaj & Minh Chieu Tran - forthcoming - Journal of Symbolic Logic:1-26.
  38. De finetti, countable additivity, consistency and coherence.Colin Howson - 2008 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 59 (1):1-23.
    Many people believe that there is a Dutch Book argument establishing that the principle of countable additivity is a condition of coherence. De Finetti himself did not, but for reasons that are at first sight perplexing. I show that he rejected countable additivity, and hence the Dutch Book argument for it, because countable additivity conflicted with intuitive principles about the scope of authentic consistency constraints. These he often claimed were logical in nature, but he never attempted to relate this idea (...)
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  39. Mere Addition and the Separateness of Persons.Matthew Rendall - 2015 - Journal of Philosophy 112 (8):442-455.
    How can we resist the repugnant conclusion? James Griffin has plausibly suggested that part way through the sequence we may reach a world—let us call it “J”—in which the lives are lexically superior to those that follow. If it would be preferable to live a single life in J than through any number of lives in the next one, then it would be strange to judge K the better world. Instead, we may reasonably “suspend addition” and judge J superior, (...)
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  40.  48
    Lexicographic additivity for multi-attribute preferences on finite sets.Yutaka Nakamura - 1997 - Theory and Decision 42 (1):1-19.
    This paper explores lexicographically additive representations of multi-attribute preferences on finite sets. Lexicographic additivity combines a lexicographic feature with local value tradeoffs. Tradeoff structures are governed by either transitive or nontransitive additive conjoint measurement. Alternatives are locally traded off when they are close enough within threshold associated with a dominant subset of attributes.
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  41.  26
    Addition of context cues to response terms of paired-associate lists.Sam C. Brown & J. D. Read - 1968 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 78 (4p1):692.
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  42. Taxation: Additional Evidence from the History of Thought, Economic History, and Economic Policy.Mathew Forstater - forthcoming - Complexity.
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  43.  18
    Additions et corrections au contrat d'Orchomène.Paul-François Foucart - 1880 - Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique 4 (1):535-540.
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  44.  32
    Speeded addition and sleep loss.Harold L. Williams & Ardie Lubin - 1967 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 73 (2):313.
  45.  91
    Some Additional Remarks, Acknowledgements, and Replies to My Critics.Zbigniew Król - 2008 - Dialogue and Universalism 18 (1-3):187-201.
    The greatest challenge with which the Readers of my book had to cope with was the problem of ontological presence. In Srzednicki’s conception ontological presence has two dimensions: a logical and an onto-factual one.Every cognitive perspective is always contingent but this contingency must be limited somehow. Srzednicki restores the ontological dimension of cognition (crossed out by traditional epistemology and philosophy), but avoids ontological fundamentalism. His conception gives rise to a new model of metaphysics understood not as the most general theory (...)
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  46.  26
    (1 other version)Additional elements on the use of robots for childcare.Javier Ruiz-del-Solar - 2010 - Interaction Studies 11 (2):253-256.
  47. Countable additivity and subjective probability.Jon Williamson - 1999 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 50 (3):401-416.
    While there are several arguments on either side, it is far from clear as to whether or not countable additivity is an acceptable axiom of subjective probability. I focus here on de Finetti's central argument against countable additivity and provide a new Dutch book proof of the principle, To argue that if we accept the Dutch book foundations of subjective probability, countable additivity is an unavoidable constraint.
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  48. In Addition to Kantian Aspects.Isaac Miller - unknown
  49. An additive representation on the product of complete, continuous extensive structures.Yutaka Matsushita - 2010 - Theory and Decision 69 (1):1-16.
    This article develops an axiom system to justify an additive representation for a preference relation ${\succsim}$ on the product ${\prod_{i=1}^{n}A_{i}}$ of extensive structures. The axiom system is basically similar to the n-component (n ≥ 3) additive conjoint structure, but the independence axiom is weakened in the system. That is, the axiom exclusively requires the independence of the order for each of single factors from fixed levels of the other factors. The introduction of a concatenation operation on each factor A i (...)
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  50.  32
    Temporal aspects of simple addition and comparison.John M. Parkman & Guy J. Groen - 1971 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 89 (2):335.
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