Results for 'Tal Yatziv'

918 found
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  1.  61
    Understanding visual consciousness in autism spectrum disorders.Tal Yatziv & Hilla Jacobson - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  2.  29
    Effectiveness of Art Therapy With Adult Clients in 2018—What Progress Has Been Made?Dafna Regev & Liat Cohen-Yatziv - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  3.  48
    Neurocognitive biases and the patterns of spontaneous correlations in the human cortex.Tal Harmelech & Rafael Malach - 2013 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17 (12):606-615.
  4. Old and New Problems in Philosophy of Measurement.Eran Tal - 2013 - Philosophy Compass 8 (12):1159-1173.
    The philosophy of measurement studies the conceptual, ontological, epistemic, and technological conditions that make measurement possible and reliable. A new wave of philosophical scholarship has emerged in the last decade that emphasizes the material and historical dimensions of measurement and the relationships between measurement and theoretical modeling. This essay surveys these developments and contrasts them with earlier work on the semantics of quantity terms and the representational character of measurement. The conclusions highlight four characteristics of the emerging research program in (...)
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  5.  9
    Cinematic Philosophy.Tal S. Shamir - 2016 - Cham: Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan.
    In this book, Tal S. Shamir sets out to identify cinema as a novel medium for philosophy and an important way of manifesting and developing philosophical thought. The volume presents a comprehensive analysis of the nature of philosophy's potential-or, more strongly put, its need-to be manifested cinematically. Drawing on the fields of cinema, philosophy, and media studies, Cinematic Philosophy adds film to the traditional list of ways through which philosophy can be created, concentrating on the unique potential of the cinematic (...)
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  6. Is Evidence of Evidence Evidence?Eyal Tal & Juan Comesaña - 2017 - Noûs 51 (1):95-112.
    We examine whether the "evidence of evidence is evidence" principle is true. We distinguish several different versions of the principle and evaluate recent attacks on some of those versions. We argue that, whatever the merits of those attacks, they leave the more important rendition of the principle untouched. That version is, however, also subject to new kinds of counterexamples. We end by suggesting how to formulate a better version of the principle that takes into account those new counterexamples.
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  7.  36
    Uncertainty and Expectation in Sentence Processing: Evidence From Subcategorization Distributions.Tal Linzen & T. Florian Jaeger - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (6):1382-1411.
    There is now considerable evidence that human sentence processing is expectation based: As people read a sentence, they use their statistical experience with their language to generate predictions about upcoming syntactic structure. This study examines how sentence processing is affected by readers' uncertainty about those expectations. In a self-paced reading study, we use lexical subcategorization distributions to factorially manipulate both the strength of expectations and the uncertainty about them. We compare two types of uncertainty: uncertainty about the verb's complement, reflecting (...)
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  8. Calibration: Modelling the measurement process.Eran Tal - 2017 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 65:33-45.
  9.  38
    Emotion Regulation through Movement: Unique Sets of Movement Characteristics are Associated with and Enhance Basic Emotions.Tal Shafir, Rachelle P. Tsachor & Kathleen B. Welch - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  10. Measurement in Science.Eran Tal - 2015 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  11. Making Time: A Study in the Epistemology of Measurement.Eran Tal - 2016 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 67 (1):297-335.
    This article develops a model-based account of the standardization of physical measurement, taking the contemporary standardization of time as its central case study. To standardize the measurement of a quantity, I argue, is to legislate the mode of application of a quantity concept to a collection of exemplary artefacts. Legislation involves an iterative exchange between top-down adjustments to theoretical and statistical models regulating the application of a concept, and bottom-up adjustments to material artefacts in light of remaining gaps. The model-based (...)
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  12. The Epistemology of Measurement: A Model-based Account.Eran Tal - 2012 - Dissertation, University of Toronto
    This work develops an epistemology of measurement, that is, an account of the conditions under which measurement and standardization methods produce knowledge as well as the nature, scope, and limits of this knowledge. I focus on three questions: (i) how is it possible to tell whether an instrument measures the quantity it is intended to? (ii) what do claims to measurement accuracy amount to, and how might such claims be justified? (iii) when is disagreement among instruments a sign of error, (...)
     
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  13.  70
    The generalizability crisis.Tal Yarkoni - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45:e1.
    Most theories and hypotheses in psychology are verbal in nature, yet their evaluation overwhelmingly relies on inferential statistical procedures. The validity of the move from qualitative to quantitative analysis depends on the verbal and statistical expressions of a hypothesis being closely aligned – that is, that the two must refer to roughly the same set of hypothetical observations. Here, I argue that many applications of statistical inference in psychology fail to meet this basic condition. Focusing on the most widely used (...)
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  14.  19
    Rational Adaptation in Lexical Prediction: The Influence of Prediction Strength.Tal Ness & Aya Meltzer-Asscher - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Recent studies indicate that the processing of an unexpected word is costly when the initial, disconfirmed prediction was strong. This penalty was suggested to stem from commitment to the strongly predicted word, requiring its inhibition when disconfirmed. Additional studies show that comprehenders rationally adapt their predictions in different situations. In the current study, we hypothesized that since the disconfirmation of strong predictions incurs costs, it would also trigger adaptation mechanisms influencing the processing of subsequent strong predictions. In two experiments, participants (...)
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  15. How Accurate Is the Standard Second?Eran Tal - 2011 - Philosophy of Science 78 (5):1082-1096.
    Contrary to the claim that measurement standards are absolutely accurate by definition, I argue that unit definitions do not completely fix the referents of unit terms. Instead, idealized models play a crucial semantic role in coordinating the theoretical definition of a unit with its multiple concrete realizations. The accuracy of realizations is evaluated by comparing them to each other in light of their respective models. The epistemic credentials of this method are examined and illustrated through an analysis of the contemporary (...)
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  16.  8
    Privacy preserving region optimal algorithms for symmetric and asymmetric DCOPs.Tal Grinshpoun, Tamir Tassa, Vadim Levit & Roie Zivan - 2019 - Artificial Intelligence 266 (C):27-50.
  17. The Trouble with Algorithmic Decisions: An Analytic Road Map to Examine Efficiency and Fairness in Automated and Opaque Decision Making.Tal Zarsky - 2016 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 41 (1):118-132.
    We are currently witnessing a sharp rise in the use of algorithmic decision-making tools. In these instances, a new wave of policy concerns is set forth. This article strives to map out these issues, separating the wheat from the chaff. It aims to provide policy makers and scholars with a comprehensive framework for approaching these thorny issues in their various capacities. To achieve this objective, this article focuses its attention on a general analytical framework, which will be applied to a (...)
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  18.  50
    The Social psychology of knowledge.Daniel Bar-Tal & Arie W. Kruglanski (eds.) - 1988 - Paris: Editions de la maison des sciences de l'homme.
    This collection, published in 1988, brings an innovative perspective to research in social cognition.
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  19. Making Time: A Study in the Epistemology of Measurement.E. Tal - 2014 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science (1):axu037.
    This article develops a model-based account of the standardization of physical measurement, taking the contemporary standardization of time as its central case-study. To standardize the measurement of a quantity, I argue, is to legislate the mode of application of a quantity-concept to a collection of exemplary artefacts. Legislation involves an iterative exchange between top-down adjustments to theoretical and statistical models regulating the application of a concept, and bottom-up adjustments to material artefacts in light of remaining gaps. The model-based account clarifies (...)
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  20.  73
    Trialistic panqualityism.Tal Hendel - manuscript
    Panqualityism is a form of panpsychism that distinguishes between conscious subjects (i.e., minds) and phenomenal qualities. Like panpsychism, it holds that the universe's physical ultimates are phenomenally qualitied. Unlike panpsychism, however, it argues that these phenomenally qualitied ultimates are not microsubjects and are therefore not experienced. By rejecting the idea that phenomenally qualitied ultimates are microsubjects, panqualityism escapes the subject combination problem. However, this creates a new challenge: explaining how conscious macrosubjects arise from non-experiential microqualities. Here I address this challenge (...)
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  21.  35
    La Théodicée réhabilitée ou Kant versus Elihu.Tal Steinbrecher - 2007 - Archives de Philosophie 2 (2):201-226.
    Le texte publié par Kant en 1791, ayant comme thème l’insuccès de toutes les tentatives en matière de théodicée, suscite en général peu d’intérêt. Cet article cherche à montrer que ce texte en particulier et le problème de la théodicée en général, gardent tout leur intérêt au sein de la philosophie kantienne, malgré la révolution copernicienne et peut-être en raison d’elle. Nous voudrions montrer que ce texte permet de lier la philosophie théorique — le criticisme — et la philosophie pratique, (...)
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  22.  25
    Love thy neighbor: Facilitation and inhibition in the competition between parallel predictions.Tal Ness & Aya Meltzer-Asscher - 2021 - Cognition 207:104509.
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  23.  34
    When a Push Becomes a Shove: Nudging in Elderly Care.Tal Shachar & Dov Greenbaum - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (5):78-80.
    Volume 19, Issue 5, May 2019, Page 78-80.
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  24.  10
    Kant on Reality, Cause, and Force: From the Early Modern Tradition to the Critical Philosophy.Tal Glezer - 2017 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Kant's category of reality is an often overlooked element of his Critique of Pure Reason. Tal Glezer shows that it nevertheless belongs at the core of Kant's mature critical philosophy: it captures an issue that motivated his critical turn, shaped his theory of causation, and established the role of his philosophy of science. Glezer's study traces the roots of Kant's category of reality to early modern debates over the intelligibility of substantial forms, fueled by the tension between the idea of (...)
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  25.  38
    Arendt et l'enfant: entre la perte et le salut.Tal Steinbrecher - 2007 - Revue Philosophique De Louvain 105 (1):107-131.
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  26. Self-Intimation, Infallibility, and Higher-Order Evidence.Eyal Tal - 2020 - Erkenntnis 85 (3):665-672.
    The Self-Intimation thesis has it that whatever justificatory status a proposition has, i.e., whether or not we are justified in believing it, we are justified in believing that it has that status. The Infallibility thesis has it that whatever justificatory status we are justified in believing that a proposition has, the proposition in fact has that status. Jointly, Self-Intimation and Infallibility imply that the justificatory status of a proposition closely aligns with the justification we have about that justificatory status. Self-Intimation (...)
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  27.  21
    Redundancy can benefit learning: Evidence from word order and case marking.Shira Tal & Inbal Arnon - 2022 - Cognition 224 (C):105055.
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  28. Two Myths of Representational Measurement.Eran Tal - 2021 - Perspectives on Science 29 (6):701-741.
    Axiomatic measurement theories are commonly interpreted as claiming that, in order to quantify an empirical domain, the qualitative structure of data about that domain must be mapped to a numerical structure. Such mapping is supposed to be established independently, i.e., without presupposing that the domain can be quantified. This interpretation is based on two myths: that it is possible to independently infer the qualitative structure of objects from empirical data, and that the adequacy of numerical representations can only be justified (...)
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  29. From heritability to probability.Omri Tal - 2009 - Biology and Philosophy 24 (1):81-105.
    Can a heritability value tell us something about the weight of genetic versus environmental causes that have acted in the development of a particular individual? Two possible questions arise. Q1: what portion of the phenotype of X is due to its genes and what portion to its environment? Q2: what portion of X’s phenotypic deviation from the mean is a result of its genetic deviation and what portion a result of its environmental deviation? An answer to Q1 provides the full (...)
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  30.  28
    Rethinking future uncertainty in the shadow of COVID 19: Education, change, complexity and adaptability.Tal Gilead & Gideon Dishon - 2022 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 54 (6):822-833.
    The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 threw the world into an unexpected turmoil; schools were closed, exams cancelled, and educational systems were forced to react to deep and unexpected changes. In educational policy, however, the idea that we should prepare for an unknown, uncontrollable and risky future has been widely accepted long before the outbreak. Building on insights from complexity theory and the study of dynamic systems, the article critically examines how the standard educational response to future unpredictability, (...)
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  31.  7
    Panopticon, Synopticon, and Omniopticon: A conceptual framework for understanding the utilization of cameras and video recordings in education.Hagit Meishar-Tal & Alona Forkosh-Baruch - forthcoming - Educational Philosophy and Theory.
  32.  91
    The Impact of Gene–Environment Interaction and Correlation on the Interpretation of Heritability.Omri Tal - 2011 - Acta Biotheoretica 60 (3):225-237.
    The presence of gene–environment statistical interaction and correlation in biological development has led both practitioners and philosophers of science to question the legitimacy of heritability estimates. The paper offers a novel approach to assess the impact of GxE and rGE on the way genetic and environmental causation can be partitioned. A probabilistic framework is developed, based on a quantitative genetic model that incorporates GxE and rGE, offering a rigorous way of interpreting heritability estimates. Specifically, given an estimate of heritability and (...)
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  33. From data to phenomena and back again: computer-simulated signatures.Eran Tal - 2011 - Synthese 182 (1):117-129.
    This paper draws attention to an increasingly common method of using computer simulations to establish evidential standards in physics. By simulating an actual detection procedure on a computer, physicists produce patterns of data (‘signatures’) that are expected to be observed if a sought-after phenomenon is present. Claims to detect the phenomenon are evaluated by comparing such simulated signatures with actual data. Here I provide a justification for this practice by showing how computer simulations establish the reliability of detection procedures. I (...)
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  34. The Impact of Information Structure on the Emergence of Differential Object Marking: An Experimental Study.Shira Tal, Kenny Smith, Jennifer Culbertson, Eitan Grossman & Inbal Arnon - 2022 - Cognitive Science 46 (3):e13119.
    Cognitive Science, Volume 46, Issue 3, March 2022.
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  35.  92
    Individuating quantities.Eran Tal - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 176 (4):853-878.
    When discrepancies are discovered between the outcomes of different measurement procedures, two sorts of explanation are open to scientists. Either some of the outcomes are inaccurate or the procedures are not measuring the same quantity. I argue that, due to the possibility of systematic error, the choice between and is underdetermined in principle by any possible evidence. Consequently, foundationalist criteria of quantity individuation are either empty or circular. I propose a coherentist, model-based account of measurement that avoids the underdetermination problem, (...)
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  36. Is higher-order evidence evidence?Eyal Tal - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 178 (10):3157-3175.
    Suppose we learn that we have a poor track record in forming beliefs rationally, or that a brilliant colleague thinks that we believe P irrationally. Does such input require us to revise those beliefs whose rationality is in question? When we gain information suggesting that our beliefs are irrational, we are in one of two general cases. In the first case we made no error, and our beliefs are rational. In that case the input to the contrary is misleading. In (...)
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  37.  35
    The effect of object–valence relations on automatic evaluation.Tal Moran & Yoav Bar-Anan - 2013 - Cognition and Emotion 27 (4):743-752.
  38. Why Would a Monarchist Vilify the Rich? Marx and Engels on Balzac.Tal Meir Giladi - 2024 - Naharaim.
    Engels explained his admiration for Balzac by pointing to an apparent discrepancy between Balzac’s literature and his politics. Despite his sympathies for the French nobility, Balzac’s realism “compelled” him to portray this class in unflattering terms. In this article, I challenge Engels’s reading, arguing that Marx’s scattered remarks on Balzac take us in a different direction. Specifically, I argue that in his remark on Balzac’s The Peasants Marx pinpointed the author’s preoccupation with the spread of bourgeois ideology into the nobility. (...)
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  39.  78
    Life and Death in Hegelian Judgements.Tal Meir Giladi - 2025 - Hegel Bulletin 1:1-19.
    Hegel contends that judgements are contradictory, finite and untrue. Prominent schol- ars argue that Hegel’s issue with judgements is resolved in the later stages of his Logic. Specifically, Ng suggests that this solution is found in Hegel’s discussion of life. In this article, I argue that not only does life fail to resolve Hegel’s problem with judgement— death highlights its insolubility. To support this claim, I examine Hegel’s discussion of judgements in the Logic, showing that judgements are inherently contradictory because (...)
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  40.  29
    Animals, Arrogance and Unfathomably Deep Ecology.Tal Scriven - 1993 - Between the Species 9 (1):5.
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  41.  91
    Plato's “democratic man” and the implausibility of preference utilitarianism.Tal Scriven - 1988 - Theory and Decision 24 (1):43-55.
  42.  34
    Utility, Autonomy and Drug Regulation.Tal Scriven - 1984 - International Journal of Applied Philosophy 2 (2):27-42.
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  43.  31
    Utilitarianism, Conscience and Animals.Tal Scriven - 1988 - Between the Species 4 (4):4.
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  44. Hegel's Truth: A Property of Things?Tal Meir Giladi - 2022 - Hegel Bulletin 43 (2):267-277.
    In his Encyclopaedia Logic, Hegel affirms that truth is ‘usually’ understood as the agreement of thought with the object, but that in the ‘deeper, i.e. philosophical sense’, truth is the agreement of a content with itself or of an object with its concept. Hegel then provides illustrations of this second sort of truth: a ‘true friend’, a ‘true state’, a ‘true work of art’. Robert Stern has argued that Hegel's ‘deeper’ or ‘philosophical’ truth is close to what Heidegger labelled ‘material’ (...)
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  45. A Dilemma for Higher-Level Suspension.Eyal Tal - 2022 - Journal of the American Philosophical Association 8 (4):685-699.
    Is it ever rational to suspend judgment about whether a particular doxastic attitude of ours is rational? An agent who suspends about whether her attitude is rational has serious doubts that it is. These doubts place a special burden on the agent, namely, to justify maintaining her chosen attitude over others. A dilemma arises. Providing justification for maintaining the chosen attitude would commit the agent to considering the attitude rational—contrary to her suspension on the matter. Alternatively, in the absence of (...)
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  46.  20
    A derivation of the Schrödinger equation from Feynman's path-integral formulation of quantum mechanics.Tal Hendel - 2024 - European Journal of Physics 45 (6).
    The equation of motion in the standard formulation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger equation, is based on the Hamiltonian. In contrast, in Feynman's path-integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the equation of motion is the propagation equation, which is based on the Lagrangian. That these two different equations of motion are equivalent was shown by Feynman, who provided a derivation of the Schrödinger equation from the propagation equation. Surprisingly, however, while in classical mechanics there exists a simple relationship between the (...)
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  47. Decision making models of helping behavior: Process and contents.Yoram Bar-Tal & Daniel Bar-Tal - 1991 - In William M. Kurtines & Jacob L. Gewirtz, Handbook of moral behavior and development. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. pp. 2--1.
     
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  48.  21
    Factors influencing the decision to comply with nurse recommendations to take or avoid influenza vaccination.Yoram Bar-Tal & Sivia Barnoy - 2016 - Nursing Inquiry 23 (4):338-345.
    Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Although vaccination is an efficient means of prevention, low rates of vaccination are reported periodically. The study aimed to examine factors affecting acceptance of nurses' recommendations to take or avoid influenza vaccination. Study design was quasi‐experimental with a 2 × 2 between subjects design: two variables were manipulated and two were not. The research variables were expertise (of nurses and respondents), type of recommendation (to vaccinate or not) and respondents' a‐priori intention (...)
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  49.  33
    Need for closure and cognitive structuring among younger and older adults.Yoram Bar-Tal, Katarzyna Jaśko & Małgorzata Kossowska - 2012 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 43 (1):40-49.
    Need for closure and cognitive structuring among younger and older adults The paper reported two correlational studies. The aim of the Study 1 was to examine the hypothesis that age moderates the relationship between need for closure and cognitive structuring. Results of the study revealed that aging with increased need for closure was associated with better recognition of irrelevant information than schema-relevant items, in testing hypotheses about the target person. These findings are interpreted as demonstrating the age-associated failure of cognitive (...)
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  50.  15
    The Impacts of Lasting Occupation: Lessons From Israeli Society.Daniel Bar-Tal & Izhak Schnell (eds.) - 2012 - Oup Usa.
    The Impacts of Lasting Occupation examines the effects that Israel's decades-long occupation of Palestinian territories have had on Israeli society. The consequences of occupation are evident in all aspects of Israeli life, including its political, social, legal, economic, cultural, and psychological spheres.
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