Results for 'Organism (Philosophy)'

957 found
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  1.  51
    Philosophy of nature and organism’s autonomy: on Hegel, Plessner and Jonas’ theories of living beings.Francesca Michelini, Matthias Wunsch & Dirk Stederoth - 2018 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 40 (3):56.
    Following the revival in the last decades of the concept of “organism”, scholarly literature in philosophy of science has shown growing historical interest in the theory of Immanuel Kant, one of the “fathers” of the concept of self-organisation. Yet some recent theoretical developments suggest that self-organisation alone cannot fully account for the all-important dimension of autonomy of the living. Autonomy appears to also have a genuine “interactive” dimension, which concerns the organism’s functional interactions with the environment and (...)
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  2.  27
    An Analysis of the Dilemmas in Rural Modernization From the Perspective of Organism Philosophy.Liu Hongzuo & Wang Qian - 2019 - Philosophy Study 9 (12).
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  3.  31
    The philosophy of organism: a comparative study of A.N. Whitehead.M. Kirti Singh - 2009 - New Delhi: Akansha Pub. House.
    The Present Book Contains The Philosophy Of Organism Associated With The Teachings Of Prof. An Whitehead With Comparative Reference To Indian Philosophical Doctrines And Chinese Philosophy Of Change. In Part I The Author Deals With Sage Philosopher'S Conc.
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  4.  8
    Aspects of Whitehead's Philosophy of Organism.Vesselin Petrov - 2019 - [Mazy, Belgium]: Les éditions Chromatika.
    Alfred North Whitehead's (1861-1947) 'Philosophy of Organism' offers an important, indeed fundamental, metaphysical doctrine. It is the product of a long adventure of ideas and has many complementary aspects. The present book does not claim to achieve a complete description of all the aspects of the late Whitehead's worldview. Its aim is rather to stress some specific features of his teachings, such as his views concerning rationality, dynamic holism, things and objects, events, anticipation, creativity, nature, organism, and (...)
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  5.  18
    Philosophy of Biology, Psychology, and Neuroscience-The Organism in Philosophical Focus-Ontological Butchery: Organism Concepts and Biological Generalizations.Manfred D. Laubichier & Jack A. Wilson - 2000 - Philosophy of Science 67 (3):S301-S311.
    Biology lacks a central organism concept that unambiguously marks the distinction between organism and non-organism because the most important questions about organisms do not depend on this concept. I argue that the two main ways to discover useful biological generalizations about multicellular organization—the study of homology within multicellular lineages and of convergent evolution across lineages in which multicellularity has been independently established—do not require what would have to be a stipulative sharpening of an organism concept.
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  6.  19
    Philosophy of Biology, Psychology, and Neuroscience-The Organism in Philosophical Focus-Organism and Character Decomposition: Steps Towards an Integrative Theory of Biology.Manfred D. Laubichier, Manfred D. Laubichler & Gunter P. Wagner - 2000 - Philosophy of Science 67 (3):S289-S300.
    In this paper we argue that an operational organism concept can help to overcome the structural deficiency of mathematical models in biology. In our opinion, the structural deficiency of mathematical models lies mainly in our inability to identify functionally relevant biological characters in biological systems, and not so much in a lack of adequate mathematical representations of biological processes. We argue that the problem of character identification in biological systems is linked to the question of a properly formulated (...) concept. Lastly, we demonstrate how a decomposition of an organism into independent characters in the context of a specific biological process—such as adaptation by means of natural selection—depends on the dynamical properties and invariance conditions of the equations that describe this process. (shrink)
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  7.  6
    The philosophy of A. N. Whitehead: the concept of reality and organism.L. V. Rajagopal - 1966 - Mysore,: Prasaranga, University of Mysore.
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  8.  33
    The Philosophy of Organism.Peter Sjöstedt-H. - 2016 - Philosophy Now 114:22-23.
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  9.  83
    The science and philosophy of the organism.Hans Driesch - 1908 - New York: AMS Press.
    This collection of literature attempts to compile many of the classic works that have stood the test of time and offer them at a reduced, affordable price, in an attractive volume so that everyone can enjoy them.
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  10.  23
    Philosophy of organism: A rejoinder to professor Werkmeister.Ralph S. Lillie - 1947 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 8 (4):706-711.
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  11.  88
    Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy.Trevor Pearce - 2020 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    In Pragmatism’s Evolution, Trevor Pearce demonstrates that the philosophical tradition of pragmatism owes an enormous debt to specific biological debates in the late 1800s, especially those concerning the role of the environment in development and evolution. Many are familiar with John Dewey’s 1909 assertion that evolutionary ideas overturned two thousand years of philosophy—but what exactly happened in the fifty years prior to Dewey’s claim? What form did evolutionary ideas take? When and how were they received by American philosophers? Although (...)
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  12.  35
    Sinnott's Philosophy of Organism.Alfred P. Stiernotte - 1959 - Review of Metaphysics 12 (4):654 - 661.
    1. In the first place, Miller asserts that "Sinnott refuses classification." It is not clear from the context whether this is a direct refusal on the part of Sinnott himself or merely a way of expressing Miller's impression that he has found Sinnott's philosophy so complex that it defies classification. Yet, Miller also states: "I agree with Sinnott and with all who advocate some sort of vitalism" and this would seem to be an association of Sinnott with vitalists. Towards (...)
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  13.  46
    The organism as ontological go-between: Hybridity, boundaries and degrees of reality in its conceptual history.Charles T. Wolfe - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 48:151-161.
    The organism is neither a discovery like the circulation of the blood or the glycogenic function of the liver, nor a particular biological theory like epigenesis or preformationism. It is rather a concept which plays a series of roles, sometimes masked, often normative, throughout the history of biology. Indeed, it has often been presented as a key-concept in life science and its ‘theorization’, but conversely has also been the target of influential rejections: as just an instrument of transmission for (...)
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  14.  12
    Whitehead's philosophy of education: Its promise and relationship to the philosophy of organism.A. C. Scarfe & H. Woodhouse - 2008 - In Michel Weber and Will Desmond, Handbook of Whiteheadian Process Thought. De Gruyter. pp. 1--185.
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  15.  21
    General biology and philosophy of organism.Ralph Stayner Lillie - 1945 - Chicago, Ill.,: University of Chicago Press.
  16.  13
    Philosophy of Biology, Psychology, and Neuroscience-The Organism in Philosophical Focus-Behavior at the Organismal and Molecular Levels: The Case of C. elegans.Manfred D. Laubichier & Kenneth F. Schaffner - 2000 - Philosophy of Science 67 (3):S273-S288.
    Caenorhabditis elegans is a tiny worm that has become the focus of a large number of worldwide research projects examining its genetics, development, neuroscience, and behavior. Recently several groups of investigators have begun to tie together the behavior of the organism and the underlying genes, neural circuits, and molecular processes implemented in those circuits. Behavior is quintessentially organismal—it is the organism as a whole that moves and mates—but the explanations are devised at the molecular and neurocircuit levels, and (...)
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  17.  24
    The Science and Philosophy of the organism, Vol. II.M. Lightfoot Eastwood - 1909 - Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 17 (5):25-27.
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  18. Note on the structural philosophy of organism.L. L. Whyte - 1955 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 5 (20):332-334.
  19.  32
    The science and philosophy of the organism.E. S. Goodrich - 1929 - The Eugenics Review 21 (3):214.
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  20.  21
    : Pragmatism’s Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy.Ellen Abrams - 2022 - Isis 113 (4):885-886.
  21.  19
    From a Philosophy of Evolution to a Philosophy of Organism.Paul A. Bogaard - 2023 - Process Studies 52 (2):201-222.
    In this article, Whitehead's transition from a Philosophy of Evolution to a Philosophy of Organism is studied primarily on the basis of the evidence provided by the first two volumes of The Harvard Lectures of Alfred North Whitehead, especially the second volume that deals with the period 1925–1927 and that is subtitled General Metaphysical Problems of Science.
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  22. The organism as ontological go-between. Hybridity, boundaries and degrees of reality in its conceptual history.Charles T. Wolfe - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 1:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shps.
    The organism is neither a discovery like the circulation of the blood or the glycogenic function of the liver, nor a particular biological theory like epigenesis or preformationism. It is rather a concept which plays a series of roles – sometimes overt, sometimes masked – throughout the history of biology, and frequently in very normative ways, also shifting between the biological and the social. Indeed, it has often been presented as a key-concept in life science and the ‘theorization’ of (...)
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  23.  10
    Emmanuel Swedenborg's philosophy of the human organism.Violet MacDermot - 1974 - Richmond (114 Richmond Hill, Richmond, Surrey TW10 6RJ): New Atlantis Foundation.
  24.  55
    Eternal objects and the philosophy of organism.George Gentry - 1946 - Philosophy of Science 13 (3):252-260.
    In what follows our purpose is to make clear the reasons which lie back of Whitehead's appeal to eternal objects in his explanation of the emergence of actual entities and to show that so long as one operates within his scheme of ideas no other consistent explanation is available. A thoroughgoing reconstruction of the scheme is necessary if this presupposition is to be eliminated. If the project is successful, it will be demonstrated that the theory of actual entities provides no (...)
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  25.  24
    Between Laws and Norms. Genesis of the Concept of Organism in Leibniz and in the Early Modern Western Philosophy.Antonio M. Nunziante - 2020 - In Andrea Altobrando & Pierfrancesco Biasetti, Natural Born Monads: On the Metaphysics of Organisms and Human Individuals. De Gruyter. pp. 11-32.
    The word “organism” represents an original keyword of the early-modern philosophical world. As it was first developed by Leibniz, it seems to blend together two different conceptual paradigms: the Cartesian model of the “machines” and the Aristotelian legacy of the “individual natures”. According to the first, nature represents itself the prototype of any good mechanical functioning, but at the same time its inner development is explained by the occurrence of a normative dimension that rules the world of primitive forces (...)
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  26. The social organism analogy in British anthropology and analytic political philosophy.Terence Rajivan Edward - manuscript
    This is a one page handout, which specifies four uses of the social organism analogy in British structural-functionalist anthropology and contrasts these uses with uses in analytic political philosophy.
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  27.  32
    Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy by Trevor Pearce (review).Alexander Klein - 2024 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 62 (1):160-161.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy by Trevor PearceAlexander KleinTrevor Pearce. Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2020. Pp. 384. Paperback, $35.00.Pragmatist pioneers were young lions in the days of Darwin. Evolutionary-biological thinking infused this philosophical movement from the start. And yet the last time a major monograph appeared on classic pragmatism and evolutionary (...)
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  28.  21
    Order and Organism: Steps Toward a Whiteheadian Philosophy of Mathematics and the Natural Sciences.Murray Code - 1985 - State University of New York Press.
    Order and Organism shows how Alfred North Whitehead's thought can reconcile some of the most insistent demands of common sense with the esoteric results of modern physics and mathematics.
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  29. General Biology and Philosophy of Organism.Ralph Stayner Lillie - 1947 - Philosophical Review 56:339.
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  30.  27
    General Biology and Philosophy of Organism.W. H. Werkmeister - 1947 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 7 (4):654-659.
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  31.  54
    Organism and Organization.Elias L. Khalil - 1997 - Biology and Philosophy 12 (1):119-126.
    Rosen accuses conventional biology of abandoning its main challenge: the understanding of the nature of life. Biologists generally act subservient to physicists, handicapped by the Cartesian metaphor of the organism as machine. This allows biologists to eschew the issue of intentionality and finalism. The machine metaphor assures biologists that they do not need to appeal to laws other than the ones used by physicists. Rosen argues that the machine metaphor affords the reduction of the organism to its constituent (...)
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  32.  49
    Organism, machine, artifact: The conceptual and normative challenges of synthetic biology.Sune Holm & Russell Powell - 2013 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 44 (4):627-631.
    Synthetic biology is an emerging discipline that aims to apply rational engineering principles in the design and creation of organisms that are exquisitely tailored to human ends. The creation of artificial life raises conceptual, methodological and normative challenges that are ripe for philosophical investigation. This special issue examines the defining concepts and methods of synthetic biology, details the contours of the organism–artifact distinction, situates the products of synthetic biology vis-à-vis this conceptual typology and against historical human manipulation of the (...)
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  33.  40
    Order and organism: Steps to a whitehedian philosophy of mathematics and the natural sciences.Miguel Espinoza - 1987 - Theoria 3 (1):608-610.
  34.  31
    Organism and Harmony.Tamar Levanon - 2018 - The Leibniz Review 28:67-79.
    This paper examines the role that Leibniz’s philosophy played in the debate between the Idealists and their opponents at the turn of the twentieth century. While it is Russell’s The Philosophy of Leibniz which is most frequently referred to in this context, this paper focuses on John Dewey’s Leibniz’s New Essays which was written twelve years earlier, during the Hegelian phase of Dewey’s career. It is important to shift our attention to Dewey’s commentary not only because it has (...)
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  35.  40
    (1 other version)The Science and Philosophy of the Organism.E. G. Spaulding - 1909 - Philosophical Review 18 (1):63.
  36. The Science and Philosophy of the organism. The Gifford lectures delivered before the University of Aberdeen in the year 1907.Hans Driesch - 1908 - Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 16 (6):10-11.
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  37.  5
    The Science and Philosophy of the Organism: Gifford Lectures Delivered at Aberdeen University, 1907-[1908].Hans Driesch - 2018 - Franklin Classics.
    This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be (...)
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  38. The time and place of the organism: Merleau-ponty's philosophy in embryo.David Morris - 2008 - Alter: revue de phénoménologie 16:69-86.
    Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy attempts to locate meaning-sense-within being. Space and time are thus ingredient in sense. This is apparent in his earlier studies of structure, fields, expression and the body schema, and the linkage of space, time and sense becomes thematic in Merleau-Ponty’s later thinking about institution, chiasm and reversibility. But the space-time-sense linkage is also apparent in his studies of embryogenesis. The paper shows this by reconstructing Merleau-Ponty’s critical analysis of Driesch’s embryology (in the nature lectures) to demonstrate how, (...)
     
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  39. Organism-Environment Interactions in Evolutionary Theory.Bendik Hellem Aaby - 2021 - Dissertation, Ku Leuven
    This dissertation concerns the active role of the organism in evolutionary theory. In particular, it concerns how our conception of the relationship between organism and environment, and the nature of natural selection, influences the causal and explanatory role of organismic activity and behavior in evolutionary explanations. The overarching aim is to argue that the behaviors and activities of organisms can serve both as the explananda (that which is explained) and the explanantia (that which explains) in evolutionary explanations. I (...)
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  40.  4
    Model Organism Databases and Algorithms: A Computing Mechanism for Cross-species Research.Sim-Hui Tee - forthcoming - Foundations of Science:1-26.
    Model organism databases are used extensively for knowledge retrieval and knowledge sharing among biologists. With the invention of genome sequencing and protein profiling technologies, large amount of molecular data provides practical insights into the molecular study of model organisms. The knowledge-intensive characteristic of model organism databases provides a reference point for the comparative study of other species. In this paper, I argue that algorithms could be used to facilitate cross-species research. I emphasize the epistemic significance of algorithms in (...)
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  41.  54
    On organism: Environment buffers and their ecological significance.José-Leonel Torres & Lynn Trainor - 2008 - Biology and Philosophy 23 (3):403-416.
    We consider, from a physical perspective, the case where the interface between an organism and its environment becomes large enough that it acts as a buffer regulating their matter and energy exchanges. We illustrate the physiological and evolutionary role of buffers through the example of lungfish estivation. Then we ponder the relevance of buffers of this kind to the quest for a general definition of concepts like niche construction, the extended phenotype, and related ones, whose meaning is conveyed at (...)
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  42. The Philosophical World of Meiji Japan: The Philosophy of Organism and Its Genealogy.Inoue Katsuhito & Takeshi Morisato - 2016 - European Journal of Japanese Philosophy 1:9-30.
    Originally published as 「明治の哲学界:有機体の哲学とその系譜」in 井上克人編『豊饒なる明治』, Kansai Daigaku Shuppannbu, 2012, 3–22. Translated by Morisato Takeshi. German Idealism was introduced to Japanese intellectuals in the middle of Meiji era and was mainly received from a mystical or religious perspective, as we see in Inoue Tetsujirō’s “harmonious existence,” Inoue Enryō’s “unity of mind and body,” and Kiyozawa Manshi’s “existentialism.” Since these theories envisioned true reality as a unified and living whole, I group them under the label “philosophy of organism” and from (...)
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  43. The Organism and its Umwelt: a Counterpoint between the Theories of Uexküll, Goldstein and Canguilhem.Agustin Ostachuk - 2019 - In Francesca Michelini & Kristian Köchy, Jakob von Uexküll and Philosophy: Life, Environments, Anthropology. New York, NY: Routledge. pp. 158-171.
    The topic of the relationship between the organism and its environment runs through the theories of Uexküll, Goldstein and Canguilhem with equal importance. In this work a counterpoint will be established between their theories, in the attempt to assess at which points the melodies are concordant and at which points they are discordant. As fundamental basis to his theory, Uexküll relies on the concept of conformity to a plan, which allows him to account for the congruity and perfect adjustment (...)
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  44.  7
    The Science and Philosophy of the Organism: The Gifford Lectures Delivered Before the University of Aberdeen in the Year 1907[-08].Hans Driesch - 2019 - Wentworth Press.
    This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain (...)
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  45. The State as Organism: The Metaphysical Basis of Hegel's Philosophy of Right.Sally Sedgwick - 2001 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 39 (S1):171-188.
  46.  70
    The Problem of Incompatibility in the Philosophy of Organism.Gregory VIastos - 1930 - The Monist 40 (4):535-551.
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  47. The organism view defended.S. Matthew Liao - 2006 - The Monist 89 (3):334-350.
    What are you and I essentially? When do you and I come into and go out of existence? A common response is that we are essentially organisms, that is, we come into existence as organisms and go out of existence when we cease to be organisms. Jeff McMahan has put forward two arguments against the Organism View: the case of dicephalus and a special case of hemispheric commissurotomy. In this paper, I defend the Organism View against these two (...)
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  48.  59
    In defense of the organism: Thomas Pradeu : The limits of the self: immunology and biological identity. Oxford University Press, New York, 2012, ix+302 pp, $65 HB, ISBN: 978-0-19-977528-6.Matthew H. Haber - 2014 - Biology and Philosophy 29 (6):885-895.
    Thomas Pradeu’s The Limits of the Self provides a precise account of biological identity developed from the central concepts of immunology. Yet the central concepts most relevant to this task are themselves deemed inadequate, suffering from ambiguity and imprecision. Pradeu seeks to remedy this by proposing a new guiding theory for immunology, the continuity theory. From this, an account of biological identity is provided in terms of uniqueness and individuality, ultimately leading to a defense of the heterogeneous organism as (...)
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  49. Whitehead's Philosophy of Organism.Dorothy M. Emmet - 1932 - Philosophy 7 (27):370-371.
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  50. What is an organism? An immunological answer.Thomas Pradeu - 2010 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 32 (2-3):247-267.
    The question “What is an organism?”, formerly considered as essential in biology, has now been increasingly replaced by a larger question, “What is a biological individual?”. On the grounds that i) individuation is theory-dependent, and ii) physiology does not offer a theory, biologists and philosophers of biology have claimed that it is the theory of evolution by natural selection which tells us what counts as a biological individual. Here I show that one physiological field, immunology, offers a theory, which (...)
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