Debido a una profunda crisis de aceptación social, en parte por la gestión inadecuada de las diversas crisis alimentarias a nivel europeo durante los últimos 20 años, el sistema de seguridad alimentaria europeo fue completamente rediseñado. La nueva ley alimentaria, que implica la creación de agencias de seguridad alimentaria independientes, tanto a nivel europeo como español, se basa en una participación amplia de todos los actores sociales, en los principios de independencia, transparencia y excelencia, así como en una redistribución de (...) las competencias. El presente artículo analiza esta transformación reciente, ofreciendo datos no sólo sobre la nueva estructura del sistema sino, además, sobre su funcionamiento en la práctica. Los recientes cambios introducidos en el sistema se interpretan como un intento de gestionar las profundas transformaciones que experimenta la estructura social de las sociedades altamente industrializadas. (shrink)

Essa publicação requer esclarecimentos: os trabalhos escritos ou transcritos são o resultado de um evento com algumas peculiaridades. A primeira por ser um evento que convocou psicanalistas a refletir sobre o campo social, promovendo uma interlocução entre a psicanálise e a política. A segunda, e essa talvez a principal razão da singularidade, é que tal convocação se deu a partir do testemunho vivo de um evento traumático. Os diferentes textos que compõem esse livro procuram fazer um verdadeiro diálogo, tendo como (...) ponto de partida o depoimento de Estela Carlotto, presidente das Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo. Um depoimento que transmite, ainda que sob as mais terríveis condições, a possibilidade de resistir, criando práticas e prosseguir lutando, sem se acomodar diante de vitórias aparentes. Uma ação intensa, contínua, que evidencia que a ação política se refere a acreditar que o impossível é possível. A "Coleção Departamento Formação em Psicanálise" reúne obras produzidas a partir de eventos científicos e culturais organizados por este Departamento, assim como de reflexões sobre a clínica psicanalítica contemporânea e de estudos desenvolvidos por seus integrantes. Os temas tratados são diversos: desde questões metapsicológicas, técnicas e teóricas, na tentativa de abarcar as diferentes formas de expressão do sofrimento psíquico, até a extensão da psicanálise além do setting analítico habitual e suas interfaces com outras ciências. Dessa forma, o espaço é pensado como um vetor de formação permanente, interlocução e pesquisa, marcado por uma psicanálise engajada nas questões políticas e sociais, e em conformidade com a Carta de Princípios do Instituto Sedes Sapientiae. (shrink)

Tafalla, Marta.Ecoanimal: Una estética plurisensorial ecologista y animalistaMadrid: Plaza y Valdés Editores. Dilemata, 362 p.ISBN 978-84-17121-20-4.

Background: In the university context, assessing students’ attitude, knowledge and opinions when applying an innovative methodological approach to teach professional ethics becomes fundamental to know if the used approach is enough motivating for students. Research objective: To assess the effect of a blended-learning model, based on professional ethics and related to clinical practices, on physiotherapy students’ attitude, knowledge and opinions towards learning professional ethics. Research design and participants: A simple-blind clinical trial was performed (NLM identifier NCT03241693) (control group, n = (...) 64; experimental group, n = 65). Both groups followed clinical practices for 8 months. Control group performed a public exposition of a clinical case about professional ethics. By contrast, an 8-month blended-learning programme regarding professional ethics was worked out for experimental group. An online syllabus and online activities were elaborated, while face-to-face active participation techniques were performed to discuss ethical issues. Students’ attitudes, knowledge and opinions towards learning professional ethics were assessed. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the University Ethic Committee of Human Research and followed the ethical principles according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Findings: After the programme, attitudes and knowledge towards learning professional ethics of experimental group students significantly improved, while no differences were observed in control group. Moreover, opinions reported an adequate extension of themes and temporization, importance of clinical practices and interest of topics. Case study method and role playing were considered as the most helpful techniques. Conclusion: The blended-learning programme proposed, based on professional ethics and related to clinical practices, improves physiotherapy students’ attitudes, knowledge and opinions towards learning professional ethics. (shrink)

The state members of the European Union have witnessed the emergence of equality policies which target discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity. These are usually based on the single issue model focusing exclusively on discrimination suffered by LGBT people, however there are other approaches to this issue which take into account the interaction of different axes of inequality, namely, the multiple and intersectional discrimination models. This article analyses the implications of these three models from a theoretical (...) and empirical perspective, pointing out their respective advantages and disadvantages. (shrink)

This philosophical-pragmatic paper discusses several forms of irony which rest on other figures of speech contingent on overt untruthfulness, namely the figures arising as a result of flouting the first maxim of Quality. It is argued that an ironic implicature may be piggybacked on another implicature, called “as if implicature”, originating from flouting the first maxim of Quality occasioned by metaphor. Metaphorical irony, which is subject to the irony-after-metaphor order of interpretation, exhibits a number of manifestations depending on the nature (...) and scope of irony, and the scope of the subordinate metaphor. On the other hand, rather than giving rise to an as if implicature distinct from the irony-based one, hyperbole and meiosis, which are inherently evaluative, most typically overlap with ironically evaluative expressions, promoting meiotic and hyperbolic irony, frequently (wrongly, as will be claimed here) considered by researchers to rely on flouting Quantity maxims. However, cases of independent use of hyperbole or meiosis in ironic environment are also possible. Such invite two levels of untruthfulness and two implicatures. (shrink)

Existem muitas teorias sobre democracia. Na verdade, enquanto se fala de “teoria democrática” como se existisse um consenso acerca do que esta poderia significar, a partir do momento em que nos debruçamos sobre diferentes autores, apercebemo-nos de que há tantas teorias quanto há perspectivas sobre o tema. Neste artigo tenho como interlocutores Robert Dahl, Benjamin Barber, Robert Goodin e David Plotke. O artigo tem três momentos. No primeiro, desenho o contexto geral para uma reflexão crítica sobre democracia, partindo da análise (...) dos seus conceitos constitutivos, nomeadamente, os conceitos de representação, participação e deliberação. Este é o momento “estrutural”. De seguida, apoiando-me nos critérios ou virtudes de Dahl e no conceito de “democracia forte” de Barber, defendo que a instanciação dos vários modelos democráticos depende da importância que se confere a cada um dos critérios. Este é o momento de conteúdo. Dialogando com estes autores procuro identificar as implicações dos modelos representativo, participativo e deliberativo. Por último, procuro uma forma de redefinição da democracia mais positiva para o futuro, tendo o orçamento participativo como prática exemplar a seguir. (shrink)

Human individuals often exhibit important differences in their sensitivity to ionising radiation. Extensive literature links radiation sensitivity with impaired DNA repair which is due to a lack of correct functioning in many proteins involved in DNA‐repair pathways and/or in DNA‐damage checkpoint responses. Given that ionising radiation is an important and widespread diagnostic and therapeutic tool, it is important to investigate further those factors and mechanisms that underlie individual radiosensitivity. Recently, evidence is accumulating that telomere function may well be involved in (...) cellular and organism responses to ionising radiation, broadening still further the currently complex and challenging scenario. BioEssays. BioEssays 28: 1172–1180, 2006. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

The penetration process of structures traditionally assigned to civil law into administrative law, especially administrative law aiming environmental protection, has been more noticeable through recent years. This process resulted in deepening the absence of a clear separation of private law norms from public law norms. It led to the existence of so-called quasi civil solutions, which can be found for example in the Act on prevention from damages in environment and its repair. Their specificity consists in the fact that they (...) cannot be regarded as civil law structures due to the differences between them and the civil law structures. This legal status sets new challenges for legal theorists as well as practition- ers. They concentrate on interpretation of administrative law provisions which were penetrated by civil law structures, taking into account differences between interpretation of administrative and civil law provisions. We should not reject specific character of the civil law provisions’ interpretation and interpret these provisions only by taking into account specificity of administrative law inter- pretation. Civil law institutions are characterized by a larger field for action, which is left for parties or performers, in comparison to the institutions of ad- ministrative law. This specificity of civil law structures should be considered as its advantage that should not be removed in the activities of public authorities. (shrink)

I argue that many interpretations of Kant’s philosophy suffer from what I call “Textvergessenheit,” and that the remedy against it is what I call “kommentarische Interpretation.” By “Textvergessenheit” I mean that, despite all appearances, there are no really close, detailed, exegetical and reconstructive interpretations of Kant’s texts; and by “kommentarische Interpretation” I mean interpretations that are just this: close, detailed, exegetical and reconstructive. The main purpose of “doing history of philosophy” and thus the main purpose of interpreting philosophical texts is (...) to understand what they mean; it is not to find out whether what the text claims to be true really is true . The ultimate aim of reading a philosophical text is to understand, and this means: to reconstruct the theory and arguments put forward by its author. Once it is clear what an argument says, we can relate to it, critically or affirmatively, or whatever; but what exactly the argument really says, is never obvious. Of course, no one will argue that we should not read Kant’s text carefully. Yet, since it is a widely held belief that, contrary to what I claim, there are close readings of Kant’s text, I will provide examples that, as a matter of fact, this is not the case; Textvergessenheit is a fact of philosophical life. Key words HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY. (shrink)

This book provides a critical reflection on automated science and addresses the question whether the computational tools we developed in last decades are changing the way we humans do science. More concretely: Can machines replace scientists in crucial aspects of scientific practice? The contributors to this book rethink and refine some of the main concepts by which science is understood, drawing a fascinating picture of the developments we expect over the next decades of human-machine co-evolution. The volume covers examples from (...) various fields and areas, such as molecular biology, climate modeling, clinical medicine, and artificial intelligence. The explosion of technological tools and drivers for scientific research calls for a renewed understanding of the human character of science. This book aims precisely to contribute to such a renewed understanding of science. (shrink)

El siglo XXI es testigo de una transformación en el concepto de ocio, con un importante aumento de sus actividades con transcendencia económica. Hasta ahora el ocio se consideraba en los períodos de no trabajo y hoy se buscan experiencias importantes a lo largo de todo la vida. El Instituto de Estudios de Ocio de la Universidad de Deusto centra su interés en la experiencia humana más allá de los productos tangibles. Asistimos a un cambio cultural importante en el mundo (...) desarrollado donde la mayor parte de la población se ha volcado en una filosofía que se podría resumir como “tener menos, disfrutar más”. Paralelamente, las TIC’s han propiciado una revolución en el campo del ocio: el ocio digital con manifestaciones como los videojuegos o las comunidades virtuales. Todo ello se traduce en un importante impacto económico en términos de generación de producción, empleo y renta que tratamos de abordar en este artículo. (shrink)

A partir de los desafíos pedagógicos que se diseñaron en los pilares educativos de este siglo a raíz del Informe Delors, planteamos el reto que debe asumir el educador en relación a los contextos de aprendizaje de valores a partir de propuestas dinámicas desde un entorno pragmático, teniendo en cuenta el aprendizaje de competencias que comprende el actual diseño educativo. Enmarcamos esta propuesta pedagógica como desafío al que se enfrentan los educadores al hacer frente a la formación social de la (...) ciudadanía en relación al manejo de los conflictos como propuesta axiológica para el desarrollo de competencias axiológicas en la ciudadanía. Por ello proponemos algunos recursos pedagógicos desde la dimensión moral, desde la educación en valores, sobre los que construir una conjunción armónica de las identidades y de las diferencias en nuestras sociedades plurales y de inicios de este siglo.From the pedagogical challenges that were designed in the educational pillars of this century following the Delors Report, we posed the challenge to be assumed by the teacher in relation to the contexts of learning values from dynamic proposals from a pragmatic environment, taking into consideration the learning of skills that includes the current educational design. We frame this as a pedagogical challenge that educators face in dealing with the social formation of citizens in relation to conflict management as a proposal for developing axiological skills in citizenship. We, therefor propose some educational resources from the moral dimension, from education on values, on which to build a harmonious conjunction of identities and differences in our diverse societies and the beginning of this century. (shrink)

Smallholder producers are the collective most likely to be affected by the introduction of GMOs globally, yet the least included in public debates and consultation about the development, implementation or regulation of this agricultural biotechnology. Why are the voices and arguments of smallholder farmers being excluded from national and international GM debates and regulation? In this article, we identify barriers which prevent smallholder farmers in Mexico from having a voice in public political, economic, scientific and social fori regarding the GM (...) maize controversy. Through the analysis of empirical data from a case study in Mexico, we identify political, institutional, economic and ontological reasons that lie behind that exclusion. We conclude with an appraisal of smallholder farmers’ perspectives on GM maize and their visions of Mexico’s rural future, within which they demand a meaningful and rightful space. (shrink)

La notion de « relocation » désigne le déplacement historique du visionnage cinématographique vers des milieux et des objets nouveaux. Qu’il s’agisse de regarder une œuvre cinématographique sur une tablette dans un train ou bien d’assister à un match de foot dans la salle domestique d’un home théâtre, la dispersion de l’expérience cinématographique, en cours depuis longtemps, est significativement accélérée par les nouveaux media.

The general purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the role of intuition in Higher Education. In particular, it aims to understand the contribution of intuition to achieving disciplinary objectives. The review method used is that of Arksey and O’Malley, of a qualitative type, the data were extracted in an “analytical-descriptive” mode, in order to detect the profound meaning of the content present in the reviewed articles. The qualitative-interpretative approach and the thematic analysis of relevant parts of text have (...) made it possible to grasp the essence of educating by means of intuition. ERIC, Education Source Ultimate, Scopus, Web of Science, APA PsycArticles are the electronic databases consulted, 2020-2024 are the years considered. The results show that STEM disciplines are more interested in the educational dimension of intuition and conceptualise it according to psychological or neurological theories; they find it useful in experiential learning for training expert intuition through visual elements. The disciplines related to humanities prefer, however, to train creative intuition, imbued with emotions, through readings and discussions in a small group. (shrink)

Del anormal al sujeto ce la resistencia -- Subjetividad y resistencia -- Vida cotidiana del habitante de calle -- Reflexión sobre el concepto de irrealidad como forma de resistencia y ejercicio de la libertad en la experiencia cinematográfica -- Poesía y resistencia.

Normal 0 21 false false false ES-CO X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} The analysis of Heidegger’s conception of language serves as a starting point and common thread to explain his aesthetics theory and the linkage and relationship between aesthetics and ontology, and between aesthetics and truth, understood as aletheia, (...) as an “out of oblivion”, as “un-concealment.” Second, we analyze the constitutive characteristics of Da-sein, as being-in-the-world, from the point of view of language. Third, considering the historical horizon as ontologically constitutive of Da-sein, we try to explain from real life what does this temporality mean and what does create mean, as well as why the creation of a work of art occupies an important place in relation to Heidegger’s proposal. We finally ask what is poetry to Heidegger and in what ways it is inseparable from the truth (aletheia). And we try to interpret the scope of Poetry (Dichtung) in relation to aesthetics and of language in relation to the truth. Lenguaje, olvido del ser, aletheia (verdad), desocultación, Dichtung (Poesía), poiesis, creación, estética, ontología fundamental, vida auténtica o autenticidad. (shrink)

This paper focuses on the third chapter of Fides et ratio, entitled Intellego ut credam This sentence is usually connected with the preambula fidei, truths which are supposed to prepare human mind to receive the gift of faith. But in this case, Pope John Paul II develops this sentence in a different, more existential way according to which the real preambula fidei are not so much a set of truths as the real man who seeks the truth with his entire (...) life. This interpretation remarks the practical dimmension of the relationship between man and truth. (shrink)

El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar el tratamiento de lo sagrado en el pensamiento del filósofo y poeta Ramón Xirau. Autor de gran profundidad, perteneció, al igual que su padre, el filósofo y pedagogo Joaquín Xirau, a la tradición humanista cristiana. Después de exponer brevemente su biografía intelectual, nos detendremos en su particular concepción de la filosofía, en su interés por la poesía, para pasar a analizar uno de los temas que más le preocuparon, junto con la crisis (...) del mundo occidental: la búsqueda de Dios y de lo sagrado. (shrink)

Współczesna nauka wymaga międzynarodowej kooperacji, której wynikiem jest synergia, jej efekty są łatwiej komercjalizowane, wspólne publikacje stają się lepiej rozpoznawalne przez społeczność naukową i częściej cytowane. Autorki artykułu omawiają wsparcie Fundacji na rzecz Nauki Polskiej w umiędzynarodowieniu polskiej nauki. Prezentują ufundowane przez nią międzynarodowe stypendia i nagrody oraz, z uwagi na tematykę tego numeru, szczegółowo omawiają współpracę polskich i francuskich naukowców w ostatnich latach.

This paper offers an answer to the ontological question based on the notion of relationship from Aristotelian-Thomistic philosophy. To this end, individualist and collectivist arguments are analyzed, as well as arguments by authors who propose to overcome this antinomy by means of the notion of relationality. Since these authors stop at the phenomenic level, this paper offers an analysis that provides an adequate metaphysical foundation to interactions. These real relation-ships modify its subjects in an accidental way composing a different reality, (...) but not a substantial reality. The company is presented as a relational and synergic reality ordered by a structure, a culture and leaders that modifies its members in shared skills, capabilities and habits. (shrink)

Medical schools have a major impact on future doctors’ ethics and their attitudes towards cooperation with the pharmaceutical industry. From childhood, medical students who are related to a physician are exposed to the characteristics of a medical career and learn its professional ethics not only in school but also in the family setting. The present paper sought to answer the research question: ‘How does growing up with a physician influence medical students' perceptions of conflicts of interest in their relationships with (...) industry?’ An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 451 medical students from four Philadelphia medical schools and 554 medical students from Warsaw Medical University during 2013. Medical schools in these two cities were chosen because they are both university cities with similar population sizes. Students who had and who did not have a family member working as a physician were compared using chi-square analysis. Data were analysed for each country separately. For both the US and Poland, there were statistically significant differences between medical students with a physician as a family member and other students with respect to views regarding relationship with the pharmaceutical industry. In both groups, this difference occurred for three important dimensions: students’ relationship with the pharmaceutical industry; students’ views on physicians’ rights to cooperate with the pharmaceutical industry; trust in the pharmaceutical industry. In the US, students related to a doctor were characterized by more restrictive opinions on all three dimensions than other students. However, the contrary was observed in Poland: students with a physician in the family had less strict views than their colleagues. In Poland, a former communist country, physicians transmit a more liberal approach towards collaboration with the pharmaceutical industry to their student relatives than those in the US. (shrink)