En el escenario actual de Cuba y el mundo la migración al software libre constituye una necesidad para el desarrollo para garantizar la independencia tecnológica. Los procedimientos para realizar dicho proceso son fundamentales en la estrategia definida por el país que incluye la "Guía cubana de migración al software libre", sin embargo, su aplicación práctica enfrenta dificultades que han motivado a los autores a la elaboración de una estrategia específica para la migración al software libre en el sector de la (...) Salud Pública de la provincia de Camagüey, Cuba. En esta estrategia se proponen las acciones concretas, los programas docentes que permitirán la recalificación del capital humano y las acciones que posibiliten garantizar la sostenibilidad de la migración al concluir el proceso. In the present Cuban and world scenarios the migration to free software constitutes a need for the development to guarantee technological independence. The procedures to carry out that process are vital in the strategy defined by the country that includes “Cuban guidelines for the migration to free software” however its practical implementation is facing difficulties that have motivated the authors to elaborate a specific strategy form the migration to free software in the Public health sector in the province of Camagüey, Cuba. In this strategy actions are suggested, like teaching programs that will allow the recertification of the capital human resources and steps that will make possible to guarantee the sustainability of the migration at the end of the process. (shrink)

Un lugar común en nuestros días es reconocer la gran importancia que tiene hoy el cambio tecnológico. El ritmo creciente de ese cambio, el enorme volumen de recursos públicos que consume y los evidentes riesgos e impactos asociados a la tecnología han hecho que ésta ocupe hoy un lugar destacado en las agendas políticas, los medios de comunicación y la opinión pública. En efecto, las últimas décadas han sido testigo de una creciente sensibilización social sobre los problemas relacionados con políticas (...) de innovación tecnológica e intervención ambiental, incluyendo por supuesto tecnologías sociales y organizativas como el sistema de salud o la planificación urbana. No es por tanto una sorpresa que la participación pública en estas políticas constituya hoy día un importante reto para las sociedades democráticas. En la primera parle de este trabajo comentaremos los motivos y condiciones de dicha participación, y revisaremos críticamente las principales iniciativas institucionales que, en tal sentido, han sido ensayadas o propuestas para democratizar el cambio tecnológico. Sobre esta base, en la segunda parte, realizaremos una valoración de la realidad española y discutiremos la posibilidad de adaptar a la misma este tipo de iniciativas. (shrink)

La biología sintética se encarga de modificar y rediseñar organismos biológicos complejos, según fines benéficos al ser humano. Existe una popular objeción moral a su práctica: la creación de seres vivos es asunto de Dios y no del humano. Dicho argumento popular influencia el proceso de legislación de esta técnica en algún grado, lo cual implica que el tema no está siendo abordado desde una perspectiva bioética laica y, por lo tanto, no garantiza la prevalencia del interés público y la (...) mejora del marco de regulación de la biología sintética. La hipótesis central de este artículo es que el diseño inteligente afecta la forma en que se concibe la biología sintética y, por lo tanto, su legislación. (shrink)

Este artículo examina el debate acerca de si el delirio de inserción de pensamiento constituye un contraejemplo para el denominado principio de inmunidad al error a través de la mala identificación. Luego de distinguir diferentes formulaciones del principio en la literatura, concluimos que el fenómeno delirante en cuestión no constituye un contraejemplo para el principio examinado. En la parte final se clarifica el concepto de autoadscripción psicológica y su uso relativo a los pronombres de primera persona en el contexto del (...) debate acerca de la relación entre inserción de pensamiento e inmunidad al error a través de la mala identificación. (shrink)

RESUMEN El presente estudio está dirigido a establecer coincidencias entre el pensamiento de José Martí y de Carlos Marx en el terreno filosófico. Ambos representan los más altos exponentes del saber filosófico y humanista de la cultura europea y latinoamericana del siglo XIX, respectivamente, con un alcance genuinamente universal. No fue objetivo en modo alguno convertir a Martí en marxista, del mismo modo que sería absurdo afiliar a Marx a las ideas y las concepciones martianas. Sin embargo, no es posible (...) dejar de subrayar la profundidad del ideario martiano en el terreno filosófico, político, social y económico y sus aproximaciones a las concepciones marxistas o al socialismo científico. ABSTRACT The present study is directed to establish coincidences between the thought of José Martí and Carlos Marx in the philosophical area. Both are represented by the highest exponents of the philosophical and humanist knowledge of the European and Latin-American culture of the 19th century, respectively, with an authentically universal scope. It was not objective in any way to turn Martí into Marxist, in the same way that it would be absurd to affiliate Marx to the ideas and the Martí´s conceptions. Nevertheless, it is not possible to stop underlining the depth of the Martí´s ideology in the philosophical, political, social and economic area and his approaches to the Marxist conceptions or to the scientific socialism. (shrink)

El presente artículo presenta a un nuevo tipo de protagonista desarrollado en el manganime japonés:los héroes/heroínas nihilistamina. A diferencia del entusiasta héroe shōnen, los personajes de algunos de los títulos más populares del medio se sacrifican para la supervivencia de la humanidad pese a su visión nihilista del mundo, marcada por el trauma, la desafección institucional y los trastornos mentales. Mediante un análisis narratológico de sus funciones, apoyado en una presentación del contexto del humanitarismo en Japón,ofrecemos un punto de partida (...) para integrar este tipo de personajes en los estudios sobre la representación del humanitarismo en la ficción contemporánea. (shrink)

ObjectiveTest anxiety (TA) is a construct that has scarcely been studied based on Lang’s three-dimensional model of anxiety. The objective of this article is to investigate the repercussion of sociodemographic and academic variables on different responses for each component of anxiety and for the type of test in adolescent students.MethodA total of 1181 students from 12 to 18 years old (M= 14.7 and SD = 1.8) participated, of whom 569 were boys (48.2%) and 612 girls (51.8%). A sociodemographic questionnaire and (...) theCuestionario de Ansiedad ante los examenes-Adaptado (CAEX-A)[Test Anxiety Questionnaire-Adapted] an adaptation for Spanish secondary school levels (ESO) and Bachillerato were administered.ResultsGirls scored higher on the cognitive and physiological components of TA than boys, the intensity of the physiological response increasing with age. Bachillerato level students reported more physiological anxiety than those of ESO level. Students with better marks in the previous year presented more anxiety in the cognitive component, while those who obtained the lower mark presented higher anxiety values in the behavioral component. Participants reported that the types of tests that cause them more anxiety were oral tests in front of the class, oral presentation in front of a panel, and mathematics tests.ConclusionAdolescents show a differential response of TA based on the physiological, cognitive and motor components, mediated by the variables of gender, age, grade, academic performance and type of exam. These results serve to design specific intervention programs to manage anxiety in situations of academic assessment. (shrink)

8 March, now known as International Women’s Day, is a day for feminist claims where demonstrations are organized in over 150 countries, with the participation of millions of women all around the world. These demonstrations can be viewed as collective rituals and thus focus attention on the processes that facilitate different psychosocial effects. This work aims to explore the mechanisms involved in participation in the demonstrations of 8 March 2020, collective and ritualized feminist actions, and their correlates associated with personal (...) well-being and collective well-being, collective efficacy and collective growth, and behavioral intention to support the fight for women’s rights. To this end, a cross-cultural study was conducted with the participation of 2,854 people from countries in Latin America and Europe, with a retrospective correlational cross-sectional design and a convenience sample. Participants were divided between demonstration participants and non-demonstrators or followers who monitored participants through the media and social networks. Compared with non-demonstrators and with males, female and non-binary gender respondents had greater scores in mechanisms and criterion variables. Further random-effects model meta-analyses revealed that the perceived emotional synchrony was consistently associated with more proximal mechanisms, as well as with criterion variables. Finally, sequential moderation analyses showed that proposed mechanisms successfully mediated the effects of participation on every criterion variable. These results indicate that participation in 8M marches and demonstrations can be analyzed through the literature on collective rituals. As such, collective participation implies positive outcomes both individually and collectively, which are further reinforced through key psychological mechanisms, in line with a Durkheimian approach to collective rituals. (shrink)

Este trabajo estudia el concepto de signo en el pintor Francisco Méndez y en el escultor Claudio Girola, miembros de la Escuela de Arquitectura de Valparaíso. Se ocupará de contextualizar esta práctica, entendida como un gesto plástico efímero asociado al acto poético, y se revisarán algunos ejemplos realizados por Girola en la travesía Amereida (1965) y otros liderados por Méndez en las travesías a cabo Froward (1984) y a Curamahuida (1986). Se sugerirá que el signo definió parte del quehacer individual (...) de estos artistas: en el caso de Méndez, en la práctica de la pintura no albergada, y en el de Girola, en la diversidad material empleada. Finalmente, se propondrá la existencia de un giro sígnico que determinó una particular estética caracterizada por la emergencia y la precariedad material. (shrink)

En reseña de:García López, Daniel J. Rara avis. Una teoría queer impolítica. Ed. Melusina,Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 2016.

The logics BN4 and E4 can be considered as the 4-valued logics of the relevant conditional and (relevant) entailment, respectively. The logic BN4 was developed by Brady in 1982 and the logic E4 by Robles and Méndez in 2016. The aim of this paper is to investigate the implicative variants (of both systems) which contain Routley and Meyer’s logic B and endow them with a Belnap-Dunn type bivalent semantics.

Consider a cat on a mat. On the one hand, there seems to be just one cat, but on the other there seem to be many things with as good a claim as anything in the vicinity to being a cat. Hence, the problem of the many. In his ‘Many, but Almost One,’ David Lewis offered two solutions. According to the first, only one of the many is indeed a cat, although it is indeterminate exactly which one. According to the (...) second, the many are all cats, but they are almost identical to each other, and hence they are almost one. For Lewis, the two solutions do not compete with each other but are mutually complementary, as each one can assist the other. This paper has two aims: to give some reasons against the first of these two solutions, but then to defend the second as a self-standing solution from Lewis’s considerations to the contrary. (shrink)

El paradigma de desarrollo humano ha tenido amplia aceptación. Sin embargo ha sido el enfoque blando -restringido a la puesta en marcha de políticas sociales que contribuyen a la expansión de ciertas capacidades básicas- que el enfoque duro -que implica reformas redistributivas- el que más se ha tenido en cuenta. Aunque la equidad en la distribución de los medios (ingreso y riqueza) no es la medida más apropiada de la justicia económica ya que ésta no garantiza la equidad en el (...) logro de los fines de los individuos, eso no quiere decir que no sea una condición necesaria. Una concepción dura del desarrollo humano es necesaria para la expansión de capacidades como la de aparecer en público sin sentimiento de vergüenza (Smith). El carácter extremo de las desigualdades en América Latina hace aún más necesario recuperar la impronta roussoniana del “principio de la diferencia” de Rawls. (shrink)

According to relativism, these appearances of faultless disagreement are to be endorsed. According to moderate relativism, this can be done within the general Kaplan-Lewis-Stalnaker two-dimensional framework, in which the basic semantic notion is that of a sentence s being true at a context c at the index i: it may in effect be the case that s is true at c but false at c∗. According to indexical relativism, this is so in virtue of the content of sentence s at (...) c being different from that of s at c∗. (shrink)

There is an argument by M. Dummett about the relative priority of language as a social phenomenon. The first step is to explain how the speaker and the hearer have to know the same language, ceteris paribus. The second step is to show how the speaker's idiosyncratic beliefs depend on his knowledge of common language; the last step is to appeal to Quine's principle of translation between languages in order to have a language at all.

This paper presents several applications of the dimensional analysis method to problems investigated in medical sciences. The method is used to analyze various complex processes without using formal laws governing the same. It is particularly suitable for a general analysis of fluid transfer in the human body. This paper mainly serves as an overview of selected applications, mostly those emerging in the recent years, and includes a discussion of the mathematical fundamentals of dimensional analysis together followed by its critical analysis. (...) Containing detailed calculations of two examples, the paper also serves as training material in the area of the computational method of the dimensional analysis algorithm. (shrink)

The basis for considering the problem of the ‘gender revolution’ is the historiosophical concept developed by Rolf Peter Sieferle, who assumes that for about 200 years, Europe has been evolving from agrarian civilisation towards a new type of energy based on fossil fuels. A characteristic feature of this transformation process is the belief that man is the ‘master of forms’ – all elements of the earlier order, which were perceived as natural for generations, have been questioned. The revolution overthrew the (...) existing hierarchical feudal order, created factories, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat in order to create a mass society, a welfare state and, finally, a progressive agenda. The revolutionary process also affected social roles, leading to women’s emancipation movements. At the current stage of the revolution, the natural division into two sexes has been questioned. The basic question is whether a person can really deny the idea of the natural order in such a fundamental way? The ecological crisis, caused by the first phase of the revolution, seems to confirm the doubts of those who believe that human beings are subject to external, natural limitations. (shrink)

In the adult mammalian brain, neurogenesis is restricted to few regions, while gliogenesis continues in a wide‐spread manner. Here we discuss our knowledge of extrinsic and intrinsic factors regulating neuro‐ and gliogenesis in the adult brain and propose a model of fate specification identifying the states of easiest transition between glio‐ and neurogenesis, highlighting the unique mechanisms stabilising the neural stem cell state. The model also encompasses the fate alterations achieved by direct reprogramming, and hence addresses a novel avenue for (...) repair, namely eliciting neurogenesis from glial cells outside the neurogenic niches. (shrink)

W artykule zaprezentowano nową perspektywę definiowania usługi, która oparta została na wykładni Kazimierza Rogozińskiego. Jej podstawa teoretyczna odwołuje się do antropologii, a punktem wyjścia dla jej ustanowienia była cecha człowieka – niesamowystarczalność bytowa. Nowa filozofia usług przeciwstawia się tym samym ekonomicznej optyce, która współcześnie zdominowała sposób myślenia i mówienia o usługach. W jej ramach usługa stanowi wyłącznie formę działalności gospodarczej, a kulturowa i społeczna wartość usługi jest całkowicie pomijalną częścią. Z tego „po-ekonomicznego odpadku” ustanowiono w nowej filozofii usług wartość nadrzędną, (...) która stanowi istotę usługi. ------------------------------------------------------ Zgłoszono: 16/08/2023. Zrecenzowano: 10/06/2024. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 2/07/2024. (shrink)

Para pensar sobre la producción de conocimiento feminista hay que retener los mecanismos reproductivos que han hecho posible que, en la Universidad, se materialicen unas habitaciones propias en las que interactúan parte de quienes producen y transmiten conocimiento sobre un controvertido sujeto de estudio ―la mujer, las mujeres, el género― habitualmente adjudicado a las investigadoras feministas. Este articulo ahonda en una problemática que remite al dualismo producción/reproducción, y a las relaciones de poder ―entre hombres y mujeres, y entre mujeres― tal (...) y como se materializan en el campo de actividad académico. (shrink)

En este escrito se pretende establecer una relación entre la filosofía, la democracia, la educación y la libertad en relación al sistema educativo español. En España se ha perdido con la nueva ley de educación (Lomloe) la ocasión de hacer profundos cambios hacia una educación en libertad y para la democracia. El artículo pretende recuperar el papel de la Filosofía en la enseñanza española como valedora de una narrativa democrática. Para ello la filosofía en la educación no unversitaria debería ser (...) más una filosofía social, siguiendo la filosofía de Dewey como una inteligencia social. (shrink)

El presente trabajo propone, desde una perspectiva crítica, revisar los cuestionamientos que desde el pensamiento crítico latinoamericano, en especial desde la obra de Arturo Roig, se hacen a la hegemonía del pensamiento de la modernidad occidental que con su pretensión de universalizar su visión de..

As it is well known, Relevance Logic R plus the axiom mingle (R-Mingle) does not have the variable-sharing property (vsp). The aim of this paper is to improve this result by defining a weak logic with the axiom mingle and not included in minimal logic BM lacking the vsp.

Donald Smith (2006) argues that if ‘I’ is indeed vague, and the view of vagueness as semantic indecision correct after all, then ‘I’ cannot refer to a composite material object. But his considerations would, if sound, also establish that ‘Tibbles,’ ‘Everest,’ or ‘Toronto,’ do not refer to composite material objects either—nor hence, presumably, to cats, mountains, or cities. And they can be resisted, anyway. Or so I argue.

Some doctors and nurses played a key role in Nazism. They were responsible for the sterilization and murder of people with disabilities. Nazi doctors used concentration camp inmates as guinea pigs in medical experiments that had military or racial objectives. What we have learnt about the behaviour of doctors and nurses during the Nazi period enables us to reflect on several issues in present-day medicine. In some authors' opinions, the teaching of the medical aspects of the Holocaust could be a (...) new model for education relating to professionalism, Human Rights, Bioethics and the respect of diversity. Teaching Medicine and the Holocaust could be a way of informing doctors and nurses of violations of Ethics in the past. Moreover, a Study Trip to Holocaust and Medicine related sites has a strong pedagogical value. Visiting Holocaust related sites, T4 centres and the places where medical experiments were carried out, has a special meaning for medical students. Additionally, tolerance, anti-discrimination, and the value of human life can be both taught and learned through this curriculum. The following article recounts our experiences of organizing and supervising a study trip with a group of medical students to some Holocaust and medicine-related sites in Berlin and Hadamar. The study tour included lectures at universities in Düsseldorf and Berlin. (shrink)

This dissertation studies the relationship between divine providence and human freedom in Hegel's thought. The view taken in this study is that an understanding of this relationship in the philosophy of Hegel hopefully will shed significant light on the contemporary dialogue that considers religious faith not as an alienating human experience, but rather, as fundamental for full human liberation and self-realization. ;The underlying hypothesis of this study is that the Absolute Spirit in Hegel's philosophy, not only is the providential trinitarian (...) God of the Christian religion; but it is also thereby what constitutes precisely the ultimate foundation and necessary condition of possibility for authentic human freedom. ;In line with this, for Hegel, on the one hand, authentic human freedom necessarily entails man's creative commitment to the revolutionary progressive process of human liberation from oppression that is taking place in man's history under divine providence; and on the other hand, the nature of divine providence coincides with the internal logic of the reconciling love of the trinitarian God. Hence, our study attempts to show that, according to Hegel, world history is constituted by a progressive process of liberating reconciliation among men, that takes place in the very process wherein men reconcile themselves with the trinitarian love of God. This reconciliation of man with the trinitarian love of God specifically entails man's "paschal" elevation to the eternal death and resurrection of God that takes place in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. ;While our study concentrates especially on Hegel's Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion and on the Introduction to his Lectures on the Philosophy of History, its main ideas are elucidated by taking into consideration also the works of Hegel's mature system since and including the Phenomenology of Spirit. (shrink)