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Michael Wheeler [48]M. Wheeler [10]Mark A. Wheeler [6]Mark Richard Wheeler [5]
Mortimer Wheeler [5]Marcus Wheeler [4]Mark Wheeler [4]Mother M. C. Wheeler [3]

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  1.  90
    Reconstructing the Cognitive World: The Next Step.Michael Wheeler - 2005 - Bradford.
    In _Reconstructing the Cognitive World_, Michael Wheeler argues that we should turn away from the generically Cartesian philosophical foundations of much contemporary cognitive science research and proposes instead a Heideggerian approach. Wheeler begins with an interpretation of Descartes. He defines Cartesian psychology as a conceptual framework of explanatory principles and shows how each of these principles is part of the deep assumptions of orthodox cognitive science. Wheeler then turns to Heidegger's radically non-Cartesian account of everyday cognition, which, he argues, can (...)
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  2. In defence of extended functionalism.Michael Wheeler - 2010 - In Richard Menary, The Extended Mind. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. pp. 245--270.
    According to the extended cognition hypothesis (henceforth ExC), there are conditions under which thinking and thoughts (or more precisely, the material vehicles that realize thinking and thoughts) are spatially distributed over brain, body and world, in such a way that the external (beyond-the-skin) factors concerned are rightly accorded fully-paid-up cognitive status.1 According to functionalism in the philosophy of mind, “what makes something a mental state of a particular type does not depend on its internal constitution, but rather on the way (...)
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  3. Toward a theory of episodic memory: The frontal lobes and autonoetic consciousness.Mark A. Wheeler, Stuss, T. Donald & Endel Tulving - 1997 - Psychological Bulletin 121:331-54.
  4. Reconstructing the Cognitive World.Michael Wheeler - 2007 - Philosophy 82 (319):190-195.
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  5. (1 other version)The reappearing tool: transparency, smart technology, and the extended mind.Michael Wheeler - 2019 - AI and Society 34 (4):857-866.
    Some thinkers have claimed that expert performance with technology is characterized by a kind of disappearance of that technology from conscious experience, that is, by the transparency of the tools and equipment through which we sense and manipulate the world. This is a claim that may be traced to phenomenological philosophers such as Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty, but it has been influential in user interface design where the transparency of technology has often been adopted as a mark of good design. Moreover, (...)
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  6. Minds, things and materiality.Michael Wheeler - 2012 - In Jay Schulkin, Action, perception and the brain: adaptation and cephalic expression. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    In a rich and thought-provoking paper, Lambros Malafouris argues that taking material culture seriously means to be ‘systematically concerned with figuring out the causal efficacy of materiality in the enactment and constitution of a cognitive system or operation’ (Malafouris 2004, 55). As I understand this view, there are really two intertwined claims to be established. The first is that the things beyond the skin that make up material culture (in other words, the physical objects and artefacts in which cultural networks (...)
     
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  7. The Revolution will not be Optimised: Radical Enactivism, Extended Functionalism and the Extensive Mind.Michael Wheeler - 2017 - Topoi 36 (3):457-472.
    Optimising the 4E revolution in cognitive science arguably requires the rejection of two guiding commitments made by orthodox thinking in the field, namely that the material realisers of cognitive states and processes are located entirely inside the head, and that intelligent thought and action are to be explained in terms of the building and manipulation of content-bearing representations. In other words, the full-strength 4E revolution would be secured only by a position that delivered externalism plus antirepresentationalism. I argue that one (...)
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  8. Genic representation: Reconciling content and causal complexity.M. Wheeler & A. Clark - 1999 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 50 (1):103-135.
    Some recent cognitive-scientific research suggests that a considerable amount of intelligent action is generated not by the systematic activity of internal representations, but by complex interactions involving neural, bodily, and environmental factors. Following an analysis of this threat to representational explanation, we pursue an analogy between the role of genes in the production of biological form and the role of neural states in the production of behaviour, in order to develop a notion of genic representation. In both cases an appeal (...)
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  9.  41
    Heidegger and Cognitive Science.Julian Kiverstein & Michael Wheeler (eds.) - 2012 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    This impressive volume of essays that includes contributions from Herbert Dreyfus, Sean Kelly, Mike Wheeler, Dan Zahavi, and Shaun Gallagher reflects an emerging trend in cognitive science, and explores this new approach to cognitive science informed by Heidegger's thoughts on human existence.
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  10. Cognition in context: Phenomenology, situated robotics and the frame problem.Michael Wheeler - 2008 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 16 (3):323 – 349.
    The frame problem is the difficulty of explaining how non-magical systems think and act in ways that are adaptively sensitive to context-dependent relevance. Influenced centrally by Heideggerian phenomenology, Hubert Dreyfus has argued that the frame problem is, in part, a consequence of the assumption (made by mainstream cognitive science and artificial intelligence) that intelligent behaviour is representation-guided behaviour. Dreyfus' Heideggerian analysis suggests that the frame problem dissolves if we reject representationalism about intelligence and recognize that human agents realize the property (...)
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  11. Extended functionalism.M. Wheeler - 2010 - In Richard Menary, The Extended Mind. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press.
  12. Minds, things, and materiality.Michael Wheeler - 2012 - In Jay Schulkin, Action, perception and the brain: adaptation and cephalic expression. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    In a rich and thought-provoking paper, Lambros Malafouris argues that taking material culture seriously means to be ‘systematically concerned with figuring out the causal efficacy of materiality in the enactment and constitution of a cognitive system or operation’ (Malafouris 2004, 55). As I understand this view, there are really two intertwined claims to be established. The first is that the things beyond the skin that make up material culture (in other words, the physical objects and artefacts in which cultural networks (...)
     
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  13.  75
    Mind in life or life in mind? Making sense of deep continuity.Mike Wheeler - 2011 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 18 (5-6):148-168.
  14. (1 other version)Science Friction: Phenomenology, Naturalism and Cognitive Science.Michael Wheeler - 2013 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 72:135-167.
    Recent years have seen growing evidence of a fruitful engagement between phenomenology and cognitive science. This paper confronts an in-principle problem that stands in the way of this intellectual coalition, namely the fact that a tension exists between the transcendentalism that characterizes phenomenology and the naturalism that accompanies cognitive science. After articulating the general shape of this tension, I respond as follows. First, I argue that, if we view things through a kind of neo-McDowellian lens, we can open up a (...)
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  15.  57
    Is language the ultimate artifact?M. Wheeler - 2004 - Language Sciences 26 (6):688-710.
    Andy Clark has argued that language is “in many ways the ultimate artifact” (Clark 1997, p.218). Fuelling this conclusion is a view according to which the human brain is essentially no more than a patterncompleting device, while language is an external resource which is adaptively fitted to the human brain in such a way that it enables that brain to exceed its unaided (pattern-completing) cognitive capacities, in much the same way as a pair of scissors enables us to “exploit our (...)
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  16.  55
    Deceptive Appearances: the Turing Test, Response-Dependence, and Intelligence as an Emotional Concept.Michael Wheeler - 2020 - Minds and Machines 30 (4):513-532.
    The Turing Test is routinely understood as a behaviourist test for machine intelligence. Diane Proudfoot has argued for an alternative interpretation. According to Proudfoot, Turing’s claim that intelligence is what he calls ‘an emotional concept’ indicates that he conceived of intelligence in response-dependence terms. As she puts it: ‘Turing’s criterion for “thinking” is…: x is intelligent if in the actual world, in an unrestricted computer-imitates-human game, x appears intelligent to an average interrogator’. The role of the famous test is thus (...)
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  17. Two threats to representation.Michael Wheeler - 2001 - Synthese 129 (2):211-231.
    I consider two threats to the idea that on-line intelligent behaviour (the production of fluid and adaptable responses to ongoing sensory input) must or should be explained by appeal to neurally located representations. The first of these threats occurs when extra-neural factors account for the kind of behavioural richness and flexibility normally associated with representation-based control. I show how this anti-representational challenge can be met, if we apply the thought that, to be a representational system, an action-oriented neural system must (...)
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  18. Extended Consciousness: an Interim Report.Michael Wheeler - 2015 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 53 (S1):155-175.
    Advocates of extended cognition hold that the physical machinery of mind sometimes extends beyond the skull and skin. In the first part of this paper, I explain why, and more specifically the precise sense in which, consciousness presents such theorists with an extra hurdle to be cleared. The key challenge is posed by phenomenal consciousness, the what‐it's‐like‐ness of experience. I consider two arguments for the claim that the physical machinery of phenomenal consciousness sometimes extends beyond the skull and skin. The (...)
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  19.  23
    Being measured: truth and falsehood in Aristotle's Metaphysics.Mark Richard Wheeler - 2019 - Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
    On the basis of careful textual exegesis and philosophical analysis, and contrary to the received view, Mark R. Wheeler demonstrates that Aristotle presents and systematically explicates his definition of the essence of the truth in the Metaphysics. Aristotle states the nominal definitions of the terms "truth" and "falsehood" as part of his arguments in defense of the logical axioms. These nominal definitions express conceptions of truth and falsehood his philosophical opponents would have recognized and accepted in the context of dialectical (...)
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  20. The grain of domains: The evolutionary-psychological case against domain-general cognition.Anthony P. Atkinson & Michael Wheeler - 2004 - Mind and Language 19 (2):147-76.
    Prominent evolutionary psychologists have argued that our innate psychological endowment consists of numerous domainspecific cognitive resources, rather than a few domaingeneral ones. In the light of some conceptual clarification, we examine the central inprinciple arguments that evolutionary psychologists mount against domaingeneral cognition. We conclude (a) that the fundamental logic of Darwinism, as advanced within evolutionary psychology, does not entail that the innate mind consists exclusively, or even massively, of domainspecific features, and (b) that a mixed innate cognitive economy of domainspecific (...)
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  21. From robots to rothko: The bringing forth of worlds.Michael Wheeler - 1996 - In Margaret A. Boden, The philosophy of artificial life. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 209-236.
     
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  22.  32
    A meta-analysis of the facilitation of arm flexion and extension movements as a function of stimulus valence.Simon M. Laham, Yoshihisa Kashima, Jennifer Dix & Melissa Wheeler - 2015 - Cognition and Emotion 29 (6):1069-1090.
  23.  38
    Responsible Leadership and the Reflective CEO: Resolving Stakeholder Conflict by Imagining What Could be done.Nicola M. Pless, Atri Sengupta, Melissa A. Wheeler & Thomas Maak - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 180 (1):313-337.
    In light of grand societal challenges, most recently the global Covid-19 pandemic, there is a call for research on responsible leadership. While significant advances have been made in recent years towards a better understanding of the concept, a gap exists in the understanding of responsible leadership in emerging countries, specifically how leaders resolve prevalent moral dilemmas. Following Werhane, we use moral imagination as an analytical approach to analyze a dilemmatic stakeholder conflict through the lense of different responsible leadership mindsets and (...)
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  24.  56
    Is Cognition Embedded or Extended? The Case of Gestures.Michael Wheeler - unknown
    First paragraph: When we perform bodily gestures, are we ever literally thinking with our hands (arms, shoulders, etc.)? In the more precise, but correspondingly drier, technical language of contemporary philosophy of mind and cognition, essentially the same question might be asked as follows: are bodily gestures ever among the material vehicles that realize cognitive processes? More precisely still, is it ever true that a coupled system made up of neural activity and bodily gestures counts as realizing a process of thought, (...)
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  25.  23
    Not What it's Like but Where it's Like. Phenomenal Consciousness, Sensory Substitution, and the Extended Mind.M. Wheeler - 2015 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 22 (3-4):129-147.
    According to the hypothesis of extended phenomenal consciousness, although the material vehicles that realize phenomenal consciousness include neural elements, they are not restricted to such elements. There will be cases in which those material vehicles additionally include not only non-neural bodily elements, but also elements located beyond the skull and skin. In this paper, I examine two arguments for ExPC, one due to Noë and the other due to Kiverstein and Farina. Both of these arguments conclude that ExPC is true (...)
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  26.  67
    Minding Nature: Gallagher and the Relevance of Phenomenology to Cognitive Science.Michael Wheeler & María Jimena Clavel Vázquez - 2018 - Australasian Philosophical Review 2 (2):145-158.
    In ‘Rethinking Nature: Phenomenology and a Non-reductionist Cognitive Science’, Gallagher [2019] sets out to overcome resistance to the idea that phenomenology is relevant to cognitive science. He argues that the relevance in question may be secured if we rethink the concept of nature. For Gallagher, this transformed concept of nature—which is to be distinguished from the classic scientific conception of nature in that it embraces irreducible subjectivity—is already at work in some contemporary enactive phenomenological approaches to cognitive science. Following a (...)
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  27. Episodic memory and autonoetic awareness.Mark A. Wheeler - 2000 - In Endel Tulving, The Oxford Handbook of Memory. Oxford University Press. pp. 597-608.
  28. Minimal representing: A response to Gallagher.Michael Wheeler - 2008 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 16 (3):371 – 376.
    In his contribution to this issue, Shaun Gallagher casts a sharply focussed critical eye over positions which claim that action is to be explained, in part, by appeal to minimal representations. On...
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  29.  35
    Elaborated contextual framing is necessary for action-based attitude acquisition.Simon M. Laham, Yoshihisa Kashima, Jennifer Dix, Melissa Wheeler & Bianca Levis - 2014 - Cognition and Emotion 28 (6):1119-1126.
  30.  81
    Traits, Genes, and Coding.Michael Wheeler - 1973 - In Michael Ruse, Philosophy of biology. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books. pp. 369--401.
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  31.  83
    The Recent Engagement Between Analytic Philosophy and Heideggerian Thought: Metaphysics and Mind.Filippo Casati & Michael Wheeler - 2016 - Philosophy Compass 11 (9):486-498.
    Martin Heidegger is a towering figure in the history of continental philosophy, but his work has recently been brought into productive engagement with analytic philosophy. This paper introduces and explores two channels along which such engagement has been taking place. The first is in metaphysics, where Heideggerian thought has been interpreted either as making the metaphysical concept of being literally senseless or as mandating a revision to classical logic. The second is in philosophy of mind, and more particularly in philosophy (...)
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  32.  50
    Box 1. Self-awareness and the mirror test.Julian Paul Keenan, Mark A. Wheeler, Gordon G. Gallup & Alvaro Pascual-Leone - 2000 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (9):338-344.
  33.  36
    When the twain meet : Could the study of mind be a meeting of minds.Michael Wheeler & Massimiliano Cappuccio - 2010 - In James Williams, Edwin Mares, James Chase & Jack Reynolds, Postanalytic and Metacontinental: Crossing Philosophical Divides. New York: Continuum. pp. 125.
  34. Semantics in Aristotle's Organon.Mark Richard Wheeler - 1999 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 37 (2):191-226.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Semantics in Aristotle’s OrganonMark WheelerVarious contemporary commentators have made conflicting claims about Aristotle’s theory of meaning. Some have claimed that he has a denotational theory of meaning, others that he has an ideational theory of meaning, and yet others that he has confused the denotational and ideational aspects of meaning.1 Recently, Kretzmann and Irwin have presented arguments which, taken together, imply that Aristotle has no theory of meaning.2I think (...)
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  35.  10
    The Evolution of Cultural Entities.Michael Wheeler, John M. Ziman & Margaret A. Boden (eds.) - 2002 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Ever since Darwin, scholars have noted that cultural entities such as languages, laws and theories seem to evolve through variation, selection and replication. These essays consider whether this comparison is just a metaphor.
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  36.  48
    God's Machines: Descartes on the Mechanization of Mind.Michael Wheeler - unknown
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  37. The Sign of the Hand: Symbolic Practices and the Extended Mind.Massimiliano Cappuccio & Michael Wheeler - 2011 - Versus 113:33-56.
     
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  38. The Mechanichal Mind in History.P. Husbands, O. Holland & M. Wheeler (eds.) - 2008 - MIT Press.
  39. Distributed cognition and the humanities.Miranda Anderson, Mark Sprevak & Michael Wheeler - 2018 - In Miranda Anderson, Douglas Cairns, Mark Sprevak & Michael Wheeler, The Edinburgh History of Distributed Cognition Series, Volumes 1-4. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Series. pp. 1-17.
    The general introduction, which is replicated across all four volumes, aims to orientate readers unfamiliar with this area of research. It provides an overview of the different approaches within distributed cognition and discussion of the value of a distributed cognitive approach to the humanities.
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  40. Evolutionary psychology's grain problem and the cognitive neuroscience of reasoning.Anthony P. Atkinson & M. Wheeler - 2003 - In David E. Over, Evolution and the Psychology of Thinking: The Debate. Psychology Press. pp. 61--99.
  41.  63
    Plastic Machines: Behavioural Diversity and the Turing Test.Michael Wheeler - unknown
    After proposing the Turing Test, Alan Turing himself considered a number of objections to the idea that a machine might eventually pass it. One of the objections discussed by Turing was that no machine will ever pass the Turing Test because no machine will ever “have as much diversity of behaviour as a man”. He responded as follows: the “criticism that a machine cannot have much diversity of behaviour is just a way of saying that it cannot have much storage (...)
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  42.  19
    Philosophy of the Web: Representation, Enaction, Collective Intelligence.Harry Halpin, Andy Clark & Michael Wheeler - 2013-12-13 - In Harry Halpin & Alexandre Monnin, Philosophical Engineering. Wiley. pp. 21–30.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Is Philosophy Part of Web Science?; Representations and the Web; Enactive Search; Cognitive Extension and Cognitive Intelligence; From the Extended Mind to the Web; and the Web as Collective Intelligence.
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  43.  55
    Aristotle on Being True in Metaphysics v 7.Mark Wheeler - 2019 - Ancient Philosophy 39 (1):119-135.
  44.  37
    The Indus Civilization.Donald E. McCown & Mortimer Wheeler - 1954 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 74 (3):176.
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  45.  48
    The neural correlates of self-awareness and self-recognition.Julian Paul Keenan, Mark A. Wheeler & Michael Ewers - 2003 - In Tilo Kircher & Anthony S. David, The Self in Neuroscience and Psychiatry. Cambridge University Press. pp. 166-179.
  46. Change in the rules; computers, dynamical systems and searle.Michael Wheeler - 2002 - In John Mark Bishop & John Preston, Views Into the Chinese Room: New Essays on Searle and Artificial Intelligence. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 338--359.
  47.  19
    Do Genes Code for Traits?Michael Wheeler - 2003 - In A. Rojszczak, J. Cachro & G. Kurczewski, Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 151--164.
  48. Varieties of consciousness and memory in the developing child.M. Wheeler - 2000 - In Endel Tulving, Memory, Consciousness, and the Brain: The Tallinn Conference. Psychology Pr.
  49.  37
    A Deflationary Reading of Aristotle's Definitions of Truth and Falsehood at Metaphysics 1011b26–7.Mark Richard Wheeler - 2011 - Apeiron 44 (1):67-90.
  50.  5
    Researcher views on returning results from multi-omics data to research participants: insights from The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) Study.Kelly E. Ormond, Caroline Stanclift, Chloe M. Reuter, Jennefer N. Carter, Kathleen E. Murphy, Malene E. Lindholm & Matthew T. Wheeler - 2025 - BMC Medical Ethics 26 (1):1-10.
    Background There is growing consensus in favor of returning individual specific research results that are clinically actionable, valid, and reliable. However, deciding what and how research results should be returned remains a challenge. Researchers are key stakeholders in return of results decision-making and implementation. Multi-omics data contains medically relevant findings that could be considered for return. We sought to understand researchers' views regarding the potential for return of results for multi-omics data from a large, national consortium generating multi-omics data. Methods (...)
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