In this study, we elaborate connections among gender, structure, and practice to suggest how social structural relations shape social sexual practice and, in the process, reshape gender relations. Using survey data from a study of a community mobilization intervention, we investigate the connection between institutional arrangements and condom use practice in sexual encounters with commercial clients and intimate partners among 410 women engaged in sex trade in a semiurban town in southern India. Multinomial logistic regression analysis uncovers the effects of (...) 16 measures of gendered structural relations in three contexts—livelihood resources, household circumstances, and community mobilization intervention priorities. We compare women who practice either consistent or inconsistent condom use with both clients and partners with a reference group of women who practice consistent condom use with clients but not with partners. Results reveal the importance of household and community relations for consistent safer sex practice over and above the organization of sex trade. Our analysis advances gender theory in two interrelated ways: We contribute to gender theorizing in the implementation of health interventions, and to gender change more generally by thinking through possibilities emerging from recursive influences between reordered institutional configurations and altered expectations in interaction. (shrink)

Jean-Luc Nancy (1940-2021) a, tout au long de son chemin philosophique, maintenu le cap d'une interrogation centrée autour de la question dite de la "communauté", ou bien encore, et comme ses travaux ont incité à le dire le plus souvent, de l'"être-en-commun", de l'"être-ensemble", et finalement de l'"être-avec". Philosophe pleinement engagé dans son temps, il en a tout à la fois vécu les bouleversements et pensé les nouvelles articulations à l'ère de la mondialisation, les dérives les plus dangereuses de nos (...) jours, en réaffirmant en toute circonstance le fort caractère éthicopolitique qui caractérise sa manière unique de faire de la philosophie depuis ses premiers écrits. Fruit d'un travail collectif, cet ouvrage explore différents aspects de la question de la communauté, envisagée à la fois comme la question essentielle de la philosophie de Jean-Luc Nancy et comme la question philosophique majeure de notre temps. Au croisement de multiples voix singulières, qui font dialoguer Jean-Luc Nancy avec Jacques Derrida, Roland Barthes, Hans Jonas, Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan et bien d'autres, les essais qui composent ce volume explorent la cartographie complexe et variée des questionnements que la réflexion philosophique de Jean-Luc Nancy sur la communauté a contribué à faire émerger et à nourrir."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

ITALIAN: Vivere con onore la missione di pensare come El viviente luminoso y brutal , del filosofo Ibn tufayl, è il principio incarnato nelle idee di Ortega che ispira Rosa Chacel a vantaggio dell’autenticità della vita intellettuale. ella vive la passione meditativa del suo maestro come un aspetto peculiare del suo modo di essere: una funzione vitale che illumina il cammino grazie all’autorità di una personalità forte e carismatica. Pertanto Ortega è definito luminoso e brutale , volendo legare queste due (...) qualità con la congiunzione “e” per dare risalto all’antitesi racchiusa nella ricerca della verità esistenziale dell’uomo. ENGLISH: Living with honor the mission of thinking how El viviente luminoso y brutal, of the philosopher Ibn tufayl, is the principle embodied in the ideas of Ortega which inspires Rosa Chacel benefitting the authenticity of the intellectual life. She lives the meditative passion of his teacher as a specific aspect of her way of being: a vital function that illuminates the way through the authority of a strong and charismatic personality. therefore Ortega is defined bright and brutal, tying these two qualities with the conjunction “and” in order to emphasize the antithesis contained in the human search for existential truth. (shrink)

Ce livre, issu du programme « Présocratiques Grecs/Présocratiques Latins » financé par l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) et dirigé par André Laks et Carlos Lévy, est le fruit d’une tentative fort intéressante de mettre l’accent sur la question de la spécificité de la transmission et de l’utilisation latine des présocratiques. Car sans nul doute, dans le domaine des études présocratiques, les témoignages issus de la tradition latine ne se trouvent pas au même niveau que ceux provenant d...

Certification of banana plantations is widely used as a device for protecting and improving socio-economic conditions of wageworkers, including their incomes, working conditions and—increasingly—voice [related to labour relations and workplace representation]. However, to date, evidence about the effectiveness of certification in these domains is scarce. We collected detailed field data on (1) economic benefits for improving household income, (2) social benefits for labour practices, and (3) the voice of wageworkers focusing on identity and identification issues amongst wageworkers at Fairtrade certified (...) banana plantations and comparable, non-certified plantations in the Dominican Republic. We used different types of regression models to identify significant relationships. Econometrical analysis of survey results complemented by field observations and outcomes from in-depth stakeholder interviews indicate that the impact of Fairtrade certification on wageworkers’ economic benefits is rather limited. However, the impact on the voice of wageworkers (job satisfaction, sense of ownership, trust), is more evident. On Fairtrade certified plantations workers are more satisfied with the course of life and better represented. Thus while the additional value of Fairtrade certification on primary wages seems limited, Fairtrade has relevant positive effects on the labour force, particularly by delivering in-kind benefits, offering a sense of job-security, improving voice and enabling private savings. Benefits of (Fairtrade) certification, but also other interventions with a similar purpose, might therefore not be discerned in terms of economic benefits such as wages or basic labour conditions that are under direct control of (inter)national law, but they should be identified in terms of social benefits and improved norms of conduct for wageworker engagement. (shrink)

Are preventive justice measures justified? Do they needlessly blur the boundaries between criminal and civil law, signalling a change in the architecture of security? The contributors in this volume re-assess the foundations for the range of coercive measures that states now take in the name of prevention and public protection.

Arthur Anderson & Co. has made a significant contribution to assist and encourage the teaching of business ethics. They provided assistance initially through workshops and curriculum materials; currently they are using campus coordinators to disseminate information and materials. The curriculum materials can be used by the instructor to assist students in practicing their moral reasoning skills and cover four academic areas: Accounting, Finance, Marketing, and Management. These materials include business ethics video vignettes, suggestions on presentation methods, guidelines for implementing a (...) stakeholders' analysis approach to ethical reasoning, and possible discussion questions. The vignettes present ethical dilemmas that persons may encounter in entry level positions. We have used the vignettes, the accompanying discussion questions, and the suggested stakeholder analysis in class presentations. This paper presents a discussion of the basic concepts associated with cooperative learning, an example of the implementation of cooperative learning techniques using the Arthur Andersen Accounting Ethics Vignettes, and empirical results of the influence of these particular group discussions on the students' ethical responses. We did not attempt to measure whether the individuals' moral levels changed, but whether the group discussions stimulated any changes in the students attitudes toward the particular ethical dilemma they viewed. (shrink)

In this paper I will argue that an epistemology of ignorance is a denial of relationality. Knowing is a series of practices. So is ignoring. And as practices, they are strategic. I have argued that knowing is a practice, of engagement or disengagement ("Practices of Knowing"), so is ignoring (Frye, Mills). I have argued that we need to recognize rationalities not countenanced in the dominant logic ("Resisting Rationality). And I have argued for disrupting the conceptual coercion of the dominant logic (...) as well as for uncertainty as a way of emerging from the form of life enacted through the mystification of dominant discourse ("Moving Toward Uncertainty"). In this paper I want to take up the question of relationality. From postions of power and the logic of oppression, an epistemology hides engagement and as a result erases contestation and resistance. From positions of marginalization and the logic of resistance, it resists coercive consensus. In both cases there is a denial of a certain kind of relationality. (shrink)

The aim of the present research was to assess elite student-athletes’ perception of the dual career during the lockdown caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, compared with a group of elite student-athletes who could develop their dual career under normal conditions. A total of 150 elite athletes who were also undergraduate or postgraduate students self-completed the “Perceptions of dual career student-athletes ” questionnaire. From them, 78 did it during the mandatory lockdown period due to the state of emergency caused (...) by COVID-19 and 72 completed it in the previous year to Rio 2016 Olympic Games. The COVID-19 group was found to spend a significantly higher number of hours per week studying, while no significant differences were observed between groups in any training time variable. Student-athletes of the COVID-19 group showed better perception of whether their sport career could help them cope with their academic career and better general perception of remote learning and the use of tasks and videoconferencing as learning support tools. A lower percentage of athletes of the COVID-19 group than of the control group wished to continue with their sport career once they finished their studies. To conclude, student-athletes of the COVID-19 group show adaptations with regard to the organization of their studies and the importance they give to them and to the services provided by dual-career programs, compared with student-athletes from an ordinary pre-Olympic year. In general, student-athletes’ perception of the dual career is very positive. (shrink)

The articles in this special edition exemplify three major issues in current debates on Sacred Plants: a) the wisdom of Indigenous understandings of sacred plants, b) beneficial emerging uses of sacred plants by non‐Indigenous people, c) the position of Indigenous wisdom for emerging uses of sacred plants.

This article updates a fundamental theme of the Conference of Puebla, the preferential option for the poor, through dialogue with the theme of aversion by the poor, of the philosopher Adela Cortina. Presents the meanings of the preferential option for the poor inaugurated in Medellín and solemnly proclaimed in Puebla and shows how this option was assumed by the posterior documents, both in Latin America and in the universal magisterium; then systematizes some aspects of the Aporophobia and, at the end, (...) proposes five theological-pastoral challenges: rediscover the option for the poor as Grace, realize the need for emotional involvement with the poor, discover the wealth of the poor and refuse the hate speech, reflect on ways to eliminate poverty and contribute to a new economy. In all this, the Magisterium of Francis is deeply illuminator. We can say that, with Pope Francis, a prophetic path of inclusion, coexistence and global responsibility is deepened, which turns visible and includes the poor and thus faces aporophobia. (shrink)

En este trabajo proponemos mostrar que las múltiples experiencias de opresión –como efecto de las imbricaciones simultáneas entre instancias de diferenciación social y relaciones de poder- tienen como reverso experiencias de lucha, organización y resistencia colectiva como formas de participación política. Para el abordaje de las desigualdades entrecruzadas y diversas formas de violencia proponemos un enfoque interseccional por su carácter multidimensional y complejo, así como por sus raíces de lucha. Para ello, en primera instancia, trazaremos genealogías políticas que permitan historizar (...) la interseccionalidad y anudarla a sus luchas y demandas fundacionales. Analizaremos en esta dirección, las experiencias de la Combahee River Collective y de laThird World Women's Alliance, organizaciones feministas negras de la década del setenta en los Estados Unidos que buscaban enfrentar las desigualdades estructurales producidas por las articulaciones entre distintos sistemas de dominación y que direccionaron su participación política antiimperialista, anticapitalista, anticolonialista y antisexista. En un segundo momento, proponemos recuperar las genealogías críticas de la interseccionalidad para repolitizar y recomplejizar la perspectiva crítica. Finalmente, proponemos subvertir los binarismos dicotómicos y excluyentes bajo los cuales se han estructurado espacios de jerarquías y privilegios; que reproducen violencias y desigualdades. (shrink)

Looking at work on advocacy research, this article raises concerns about researchers, exploring and illustrating four aspects of the Coloniality of Anglo-European knowledge practice possible in such research. It suggests that it is not because we are able to be scholars that we are positioned to develop knowledge of marginalized others; it is because of how we are positioned in relation to marginalized others that we are able to be scholars. This article ends with a suggestion for an epistemic shift.

Standpoint logic is a recently proposed formalism in the context of knowledge integration, which advocates a multi-perspective approach permitting reasoning with a selection of diverse and possibly conflicting standpoints rather than forcing their unification. In this paper, we introduce nested sequent calculi for propositional standpoint logics---proof systems that manipulate trees whose nodes are multisets of formulae---and show how to automate standpoint reasoning by means of non-deterministic proof-search algorithms. To obtain worst-case complexity-optimal proof-search, we introduce a novel technique in the context (...) of nested sequents, referred to as "coloring," which consists of taking a formula as input, guessing a certain coloring of its subformulae, and then running proof-search in a nested sequent calculus on the colored input. Our technique lets us decide the validity of standpoint formulae in CoNP since proof-search only produces a partial proof relative to each permitted coloring of the input. We show how all partial proofs can be fused together to construct a complete proof when the input is valid, and how certain partial proofs can be transformed into a counter-model when the input is invalid. These "certificates" (i.e. proofs and counter-models) serve as explanations of the (in)validity of the input. (shrink)

FIM ÚLTIMO DA VIDA DO INDIVÍDUO E NÃO DA ESPÉCIE, A MORTE NÃO SIGNIFICA PARA SCHOPENHAUER O FIM DA VONTADE ENQUANTO ESSÊNCIA, ISTO É, DO QUERER-VIVER INDESTRUTÍVEL. A VISÃO DA MORTE COMO “MUSA DA FILOSOFIA” E DA FILOSOFIA COMO “PREPARAÇÃO PARA A MORTE” LIGA-SE À IMPORTÂNCIA DO ORGANISMO E DE SEU CICLO VITAL NO PENSAMENTO DO FILÓSOFO. ESSE SERÁ O PONTO DE PARTIDA PARA MOSTRAR A INTERDEPENDÊNCIA DE SUAS REFLEXÕES SOBRE A ÉTICA E, ACIMA DE TUDO, DA SUA CONDENAÇÃO DO (...) SUICÍDIO, EM RELAÇÃO À SUA METAFÍSICA IMANENTE DA VONTADE COMO QUERER-VIVER, INCONTROLÁVEL PELO ARBÍTRIO INDIVIDUAL. DESSE MODO, UMA TAL “FILOSOFIA DA NATUREZA” MOSTRA O SEU PRESSUPOSTO: A IMPOSSIBILIDADE DE CONTROLE, POR QUALQUER INSTÂNCIA EXTERIOR, DESSE IMPULSO PRIMORDIAL. EM CONTRAPARTIDA, PÕE-SE A DIFERENÇA ABISSAL ENTRE A MORTE DO INDIVÍDUO E A NEGAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE DA VONTADE. (shrink)

O tema central deste artigo é a persuasão e como ela aparece no pensamento político arendtiano. Nos ocuparemos desta tópica no intuito de mostrar sua fecundidade e seus limites no que concerne à esfera dos assuntos humanos. Em Arendt, as reflexões sobre a persuasão são suscitadas em referência à atividade política do discurso e ao papel da argumentação persuasiva. Nossa aposta é que uma investigação acerca das nuances da persuasão em Arendt comporta duas direções distintas e, portanto, assumiremos duas linhas (...) de pensamento que nos possibilitarão uma incursão neste debate. Com efeito, examinaremos a perspectiva arendtiana no que concerne à persuasão, por um lado, quando o tema aparece na recuperação da experiência da _polis_ grega, por outro, quando ele é tangenciado pelo relato do julgamento de Adolf Eichmann. Isto posto, nossa principal pretensão é explorar como a questão da persuasão é formulada de maneira contrastante no pensamento arendtiano. Para tanto, a modulação constitutiva do debate será demonstrada a partir de considerações pontuais no tocante à presença da persuasão em dois espaços de natureza pública, quais sejam, a _ágora_ grega e o tribunal. (shrink)

Rejeitando a noção de um teatro burguês, comercial, sinônimo de recepção passiva, Peter Brook reflete sobre dois outros tipos de teatro que tentam responder à proposta de um teatro vivo: o “Teatro Sagrado" e o “Teatro Bruto". Ele se propõe a reabilitar o sentido do Sagrado e do Popular (Bruto) levando em conta as condições vigentes atuais e o contexto em que a prática teatral se efetiva.

A corpus of 60 articles published in Spanish, English, and Portuguese was analyzed to account for the integrative literature review on the concept of vulnerability from bioethics, identifying the following thematic trends: risk, susceptibility, autonomy, and culture in people and communities. The methodological approach has been mainly qualitative. We found that the disciplines that most addressed the concept belong to the human and social sciences. The authors recommend conducting studies of the concept from people’s perspectives and that ethics committees review (...) the informed consent and information guides according to these results. The categories give way to the concept of vulnerability, which must be analyzed beyond principlism in bioethics. (shrink)

A proposta que se insere neste artigo é a de ampliar a discussão sobre a presença da Filosofia na Educação Básica, a partir das formulações propostas pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular, instituídas a partir do Parecer CNE n. 15/2017 e da Resolução CNE n. 2/2017 e suas relações com o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio, realizado, anualmente, pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, órgão vinculado ao Ministério da Educação e aplicado a estudantes e egressos do sistema (...) educacional brasileiro, ou seja, o exame é de adesão voluntária e se propõe a avaliar os conhecimentos que os inscritos indicam saber sobre os conteúdos apreendidos durante os anos finais de formação na Educação Básica. O estudo utiliza a investigação exploratória e tem como objetivo estudar os resultados do Enem entre os anos 2013 e 2018, seu histórico, suas dinâmicas e propor uma análise sobre a avaliação do desempenho escolar por meio de habilidades e competências. Busca-se, também, compreender as avaliações externas, seus aspectos históricos e sua evolução com base em autores como Borges e Rothen, Ferreira, Minhoto, Oliveira, Soares, Vieira, entre outros, além das normativas legais que impactam e regulam as ações do microespaço da sala de aula. As análises indicam que a disciplina de Filosofia, possivelmente, desaparecerá do currículo escolar, uma vez que seus conteúdos se encontram diluídos nos chamados itinerários formativos dentro das disciplinas de Ensino Religioso e de História, reforçando a afirmação de Soares de que as “demandas socialmente úteis ao sistema capitalista tendem a fortalecer ideias perigosas, como a possível extinção dos cursos de Ciências Humanas dos currículos, bem como afasta a educação de sua prerrogativa fundamental, que é educar para a emancipação”. Palavras-chave: Avaliação. Enem. Ensino de Filosofia. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to compare disagreement in two different WhatsApp groups: one for members of the same family, and another for work colleagues. After the analysis, 427 instances of disagreement were identified in the family group, and 161 in the interactions between work colleagues. The most common strategy in both corpora is ‘Giving opposite opinions’. Nevertheless, the rest of the results present very significant dissimilarities, most notably the higher presence of disagreement in the family WhatsApp group. This (...) higher tolerance for disagreement is corroborated by the choice of linguistic strategies made. Whereas the family members tended to give emotional or personal reasons for disagreement, as well as negative comments on the topic, the colleagues preferred to express their disagreement with mitigating expressions and token agreement. Thus, in the corpora studied, the expression of disagreement seems to be less face threatening for family members than for work colleagues. (shrink)

Desde que en el S. XIX la psicología exigiera su reconocimiento como ciencia independiente, se ha ido separando progresivamente de la religión, llegando a caer en una perspectiva reduccionista que niega la dimensión espiritual del ser humano. Sin embargo, la psicoterapia existencial de Rollo May, profundamente influida por el teólogo existencialista Paul Tillich, es un ejemplo de cómo la práctica terapéutica no solo no está enfrentada a la religión, sino que incluso puede obtener de ella ciertas orientaciones de vital importancia (...) para su quehacer. (shrink)

O termo cosmopolitismo que, até há bem pouco tempo, em decorrência das novas configurações da sociedade contemporânea, perdera espaço para noções como a de globalização, voltou ao primeiro plano, sendo retomado em diversos textos teóricos recentes. O artigo discute a ressignificação do conceito e suas implicações simbólicas no contexto latino-americano, tendo em vista os movimentos migratórios deste início do século XXI. Analisa-se também a presença crescente do tema da migração no campo da arte, focalizando a música popular e a ficção (...) literária e cinematográfica brasileiras. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Response to Anthony J. Palmer, “Music Education for the Twenty-First Century: A Philosophical View of the General Education Core”Ana Lcuía FregaI would like to discuss three themes related to Tony Palmer's paper: (1) my agreement with the content of his paper in general, (2) some remarks on elements of what he deals with, including notions about the concept or a vision of what music education should be in the (...) USA and in the rest of the world and an approach to training music teachers at university level in the USA and in the rest of the world, and (3) my personal conclusions.Music is a particular medium of expression, irreplaceable, not interchangeable with any other. It is also a natural medium of human communication. We do not think or propose that schools should create musicians, but that they should aid in the improvement of all humankind.1This quotation of mine allows me to introduce my general agreement with the main content of the first part of Palmer's paper. Neither of us argues against the importance of teaching music within the general system of education. We both promote this and work to make this a fact in our different parts of the world.We both view the tasks known as "music education" as a part of the teaching of the humanities as a way to maintain a certain level of civilization and of a culture; that is, to keep alive the rich tradition in each culture, to develop skills, to listen to, perform, and create music, and to become acquainted with the wealth of masterpieces.Also, as I have said,"I can only give what I have," and "a teacher does not teach what he/she knows but what he/she is."2 I agree with Palmer on the relevance and importance of the task of music educators. There should be a correlation between the school's mission and the quality of the training for prospective teachers for them. This is consistent with Palmer's thinking about the university task when training future music teachers.George Steiner articulated some of the difficulties, limitations, and new possibilities brought into university classrooms by the technology of the global village when he wrote:[Those artifacts] determine a new way to organize human knowledge and to connect contemporary research with previous books. All taxonomies are essentially [End Page 194] philosophical, any library... represents a formalized vision of how the world is structured, and what are the optimum views about both the human mind and the phenomenological whole.3He also adds, "We will not be able to avoid the illusion-and so it is when talking about Humanities-that knowledge is cumulative, that there is an improvement and an unavoidable teleology needed when expressing sentiments and ideas."4By introducing Steiner's ideas, I am opening a line of critical thinking about a kind of "universalization" of both Palmer's concept of whatmusiceducationmeans as well as whether and then how there should be a world-wide dissemination of the training model that he describes for music teachers. I have doubts about the underlying assumptions of these notions and their feasibility.The examples Palmer gives of listening would require an inordinate amount of time and effort. Although this may be a valuable expenditure of resources in some parts of the world, in other parts the focus would be better directed elsewhere. In some places many people do not complete their basic education, do not have access to good nutrition, and have not acquired basic language and communication skills. The big question is, "What should we really teach them?"My point here is that if Michael Murphy's model is indeed an inspiring framework, it may be useful for people belonging to a part of the so-called First World only. Palmer's work should be understood with that consideration in mind. Africa, Latin America, and the Arab world are certainly not looking for these kinds of skills from the music taught at the general level if there happens to be any music taught at all in schools.Multiculturalism is another significant issue in Palmer's paper. I understand the... (shrink)

O presente trabalho focaliza o fenômeno dos longos litígios em Varas de Família, com o objetivo de discutir a inscrição do judiciário na trama conjugal. Ressalta-se que alguns casais, mesmo após o divórcio, ficam aprisionados numa dinâmica de repetição que atua por meio do litígio, representado nas ..

El artículo presenta el análisis de las implicaciones de evaluar la comprensión de lectura y la redacción en pruebas de ingreso a la educación superior, como una consideración necesaria para el desarrollo de una política de competencia comunicativa. Se describe el diseño de un instrumento, partiendo de la concepción sociosemiótica de la lengua, del enfoque metodológico de la comprensión por niveles intra, inter y extratextual, ligado a procesos cognitivos, y la escritura como tecnología. Se incluye, además, un concepto de evaluación (...) enmarcado en el desarrollo de competencia, es decir, los resultados de la prueba se utilizan, por fuera de concepciones deterministas excluyentes, para mostrar un estado de la competencia y las acciones posibles de mejoramiento de la misma. La competencia comunicativa se demuestra como saber transversal, inter y transdisciplinario. (shrink)

The supply chain of the auto body industry in Duitama, Boyacá, faces challenges that affect its efficiency, such as the lack of integration of new technologies and organizational management models, limiting its competitiveness in expanded markets. The purpose of this research is to analyze the key links in the supply chain: procurement, production, distribution and organizational performance, in order to identify opportunities for improvement that promote the strengthening and sustainability of the local auto body industry. Methodologically, a qualitative approach with (...) descriptive scope is employed, using a documentary review and direct observation. The findings indicate that the main difficulty lies in the absence of integrated logistics and management strategies, which leads to the isolated operation of the links in the chain, reducing the efficiency and competitiveness of the companies. It is concluded that it is essential to develop proposals that promote the implementation of management guidelines that strengthen each link of the supply chain and are more integrative and effective, ensuring the continuity and business success of the bodywork sector in Duitama. (shrink)

Individuals in dating and marital relationships experience various transgressions that require forgiveness (e.g., hurtful communication, mistrust, lies, or infidelity). This study examines forgiveness-granting strategies in the context of forgiveness tendency, relationship length, commitment, satisfaction, and relational consequences to better understand relationship dynamics. 649 individuals (532 dating, 117 married), aged 18–65 (M = 26.00, SD = 8.82) participated. The sample included 517 women (79.7 %) and 132 men (20.3 %). Participants described a forgiven transgression and completed questionnaires, including the Multidimensional Forgiveness-Granting (...) Scale (MFGS), Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), and the commitment subscale from the Investment Model Scale. One open-ended question (types of forgiven transgressions) was analyzed consensually. Quantitative data were analyzed using correlational analysis, regression analysis, and t-tests. The most common transgression was infidelity. A linear regression analysis showed that the strongest positive predictor of relationship satisfaction was the tendency to forgive one’s partner. Nonverbal displays positively predicted relationship strengthening, while the discussion strategy predicted relationship deterioration negatively. These findings emphasize the importance of how forgiveness is communicated and may inform interventions to enhance romantic relationships. (shrink)

El estudio estuvo destinado a determinar la necesidad de formación profesional sindical del representante de los trabajadores en la negociación colectiva. Los resultados principales son los siguientes: la diferencia entre la formación profesional y sindical esta en que la formación sindical es importante debido a que permite dotar a los cuadros sindicales de información general sobre el rol de los sindicatos y su papel en la negociación colectiva, por otro lado la formación profesional es importante ya que es una herramienta (...) que permite mejorar la calidad del empleo, entre otros, se determino que la formación profesional sindical del representante de los trabajadores, influye en su desempeño como negociador en una negociación colectiva. (shrink)

O texto analisa como o problema da coisa em si em Kant, enquanto fundamento real ou não do fenômeno, foi reelaborado pelos filósofos pós-kantianos e como estes buscaram solucionar o possível dualismo da filosofia crítica. A investigação se concentra sobretudo na resposta de Schopenhauer ao problema, evidenciado pela primeira vez pelo filósofo Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, um dos grandes críticos da filosofia transcendental e do idealismo.