Cet ouvrage collectif consacré à la culture judiciaire cherche à appréhender les liens entre autorités et justiciables, à étudier la capacité des acteurs à se réapproprier la norme. Les vingt-sept articles qui constituent le livre, produits par des chercheur.euse.s aussi bien en histoire qu’en littérature, en droit ou en histoire du droit, couvrent une large périodisation allant du Moyen Âge à nos jours. Si les directeurs reconnaissent une forme de « dispersion » (p. 12) procédant de la mise...

Notwithstanding worrying implications of prisons which are seemingly without moral purpose in terms of people being attracted to the radicalism and relational dimensions of new faiths, there are positive signs of changes and hope in prisons. The question becomes about how we can best foster and protect that which money can’t buy in prisons.

In his recent book, Keith Morrison argues that RCTs have garnered a privileged place in educational research, driving out other valuable approaches. Morrison acknowledges RCTs or similar designs ca...

Este trabalho tece algumas considerações concernentes a metáforas pictóricas na República de Platão, especialmente nos livros VI e X. Na primeira parte, se estabelece o conceito de metafórica da pintura, a fim de propor uma metodologia de abordagem das metáforas propriamente ditas. Na segunda parta, situa-se a aparição do pintor na cidade ideal, a fim de mostrar um caso em que a pintura tem um uso imagético, mas que não é metafórico. Na terceira, analisa-se a metafórica da pintura no livro (...) VI,relacionada à filosofia, e na quarta, no livro X, relacionada à poesia. Finalmente, apontam-se outras questões pertinentes à metafórica da pintura na República, ligadas à sombra e ao desejo. (shrink)

Este trabalho objetiva caracterizar a lógica e a dialética, conforme a Enéada I, 3 [20] 4-5. Para Plotino, a lógica consiste em um conjunto de procedimentos que trata de proposições e silogismos. A dialética é um método que faz uso dos procedimentos lógicos. Mas é também uma disposição que permite compreender a estrutura do inteligível. Por conseguinte, é um caminho de ascensão rumo ao Uno. Neste sentido, tem um aspecto ético.

In Plotinus the myths are scattered throughout the Enneads‟ treatises. In contrast with Porphyry, Plotinus prefers to make allusions and fragmentary quotations of the myths rather than an exegesis of a comprehensive extract of a poem. Only one of Porphyry‟s works, dedicated to the allegorical exegesis of Homer, has come down to us in its integrity: The cave of the Nymphs in the Odyssey. In this work, which is studied here, Porphyry follows a complete extract of Homer in order to (...) find a hidden meaning beneath the letter of the text. Through an analysis of a small sample of the plotinian mythical kaleidoscope and then of Porphyry‟s above-mentioned work, this article intends to show the main characteristics of the mythical exegesis of the epical tradition in both authors.myth, exegesis, image, genealogy, allegory. (shrink)

This essay identifies areas of analysis which David Garland neglects in The Culture of Control. The essential argument being that greater attention to the influence of feminism and the treatment of female offenders and victims would have enriched his interpretation of the culture of control. The essay suggests that the treatment of women in criminal justice matters exemplifies the apparently dualistic and polarised penal policies that Garland describes so well. The recent huge increases in the number of women sentenced to (...) imprisonment, in particular, are inexplicable, and point to a critical paradox in criminal justice system thinking. The essay also includes with some reflections on the future of crime control in relation to women. One important question is whether or not the future of crime control is inevitably or necessarily gendered. Thus the essay touches on the gender neutral versus gender specific and equality versus difference debates and their irreconcilable elements, as well as on possible ways of dealing with them, and concludes with some thoughts on the potential of renewed interest in the concept of citizenship and justice. (shrink)

Este estudo objetiva analisar o primeiro capítulo do tratado III, 5 [50], Sobre o amor, no qual Plotino discorre acerca do amor entendido como estado da alma (páthos). O amor estado da alma é característico do vivente, ou seja, o composto alma e corpo, e portanto, é o amor do homem no mundo sensível. Apresenta-se sob duas formas, puro e misto. O primeiro é aquele que deseja a beleza, o segundo deseja a beleza e a eternidade. Ao explicar cada uma (...) das formas deste amor, Plotino envereda por temas fundamentais à sua filosofia, tais como o belo, a contemplação, além da própria definição de homem. (shrink)

SÍNTESE - A partir do exemplo da cera, na Segunda Meditação, Descartes demonstra a diferença entre os conceitos de imaginação e entendimento, para responder à questão sobre o que se conhece da cera com tanta distinção, a qual em última análise é: o que conheço de mim com tanta distinção? Para saber o que conhece, é preciso saber através de qual faculdade conhece, se pela imaginação, ou pelo entendimento. Com o objetivo de chegar a tais conceitos, serão vistos os termos (...) compreensão e concepção nas versões latina e francesa das Meditações. Por fim, se concluirá que o conhecimento não se dá pela imaginação, mas sim pelo entendimento. (shrink)

RESUMO A percepção sensível é a faculdade cognitiva da alma, que recebe, por meio dos órgãos dos sentidos, um conjunto de características dos objetos, tais como altura, largura, cor, cheiro, som, e também aquilo que pode nos afetar, como, por exemplo, a dor proveniente de uma queimadura, ou o prazer causado por uma melodia. Compreender o processo perceptivo, em relação aos seus diferentes tipos de objetos - afecções, qualidades e impressões - é o escopo deste estudo. ABSTRACT Sensible perception is (...) the cognitive faculty of the soul that receives, through sensorial organs, a set of characteristics of the objects, such as height, width, color, odor, sound, and also that which can affect us as, for instance, the pain that arises from being burnt or the pleasure caused by a melody. Understanding the perceptive process in relation with its different kinds of objects - affections, qualities, and impressions - is the aim of this study. (shrink)

Au sujet de la mémoire on a couramment deux présupposés. En parlant de la mémoire, on semble la considérer comme une faculté unifiée. Et on a l’habitude de la penser comme une faculté conservatrice. C’est pourtant une image bien différente qui émerge de la recherche contemporaine. Dans ce texte, nous proposons une histoire de l’émergence de l’hypothèse d’une dimension constructive de la mémoire épisodique, en dégageant trois dimensions de la construction : une dimension culturelle, une dimension intersubjective, et une dimension (...) individuelle. Le souvenir se (re)construit à l’intérieur et en fonction de cadres culturels, de relations à autrui, et de projections dans le temps. (shrink)

This chapter offers an account of the rise to prominence of the concept of ‘social capital’, its use in social policy and government agencies and the predominance within research and theory in this area of the work of Coleman (1988), Putnam (1995, 2000) and Fukuyama (1995). The extent of take up of these theorists, we note, is at the neglect of Bourdieu’s more sociological and critical conceptualization. We detail the differences, and indeed similarities, between these various conceptualizations of social capital (...) and illustrate the tendency to either marginalize or assimilate Bourdieu’s work to dominant usage. We also point to a relative neglect of ‘social capital’ among those feminists who have engaged critically with Bourdieu. We believe this feminist neglect is a matter of regret not only because social capital is being taken up exponentially and globally by government and non-governmental agencies to tackle social justice issues related to poverty and social exclusion but also because, as we demonstrate, the unpaid physical and emotional work associated with the production of social capital is, most usually, women’s work. (shrink)

Abstract:Comparatively few studies have analyzed the social behavior of multinational corporations (MNCs) at a cross-national level. To address this gap in the literature, we propose a “transnational” model of corporate social responsibility (CSR) that permits identification of universal domains, yet incorporates the flexibility and adaptability demanded by international research. The model is tri-dimensional in that it juxtaposes: 1) Bartlett and Ghoshal’s (1998, 2000) typology of MNC strategies (multinational, global, “international,” and transnational); 2) the three conceptual domains of CSR (human rights, (...) labor, and the environment) proposed by the UN Global Compact (Compact 2003); and 3) Zenisek’s (1979) description of three CSR perspectives (ideological, societal, and operational). The end result is a multidimensional typology that permits the organization and development of empirical CSR research in an international setting. (shrink)

The first section of this book surveys the development of Islamic philosophy though an examination of the definitions for substance, cause and matter. These important philosophical terms were defined by each new generation of philosophers. The definitions show an awareness of Greek philosophy, but also take metaphysical thought into an Islamic matrix. In the second section the author translates Ibn Sina's Kitab al-hudud and puts the tenth-century philosopher in his proper geopolitical sphere. Questions of Ibn Sina' connection with the East (...) as well as medieval scholastic philosophy are considered. Teaching Islamic philosophy outside of the Arabic-speaking world has been handicapped by a lack of primary texts in translation and studies of basic concepts. This book makes the foundation of this field more accessible to students and a general readership. By translating this little-known but pivotal text into readable English, Kennedy-Day has opened a door for a wider range of readers. (shrink)

This paper discusses the nature and the status of inference to the best explanation. We outline the foundational role given IBE by its defenders and the arguments of critics who deny it any place at all ; argue that, on the two main conceptions of explanation, IBE cannot be a foundational inference rule ; sketch an account of IBE that makes it contextual and dependent on substantive empirical assumptions, much as simplicity seems to be ; show how that account avoids (...) the critics ' complaints and leaves IBE an important role ; and sketch how our account can clarify debates over IBE in arguments for scientific realism. (shrink)

"William Day is . . . concerned to explore the dynamics of what Cavell calls 'a theology of reading' through a careful examination of a fragment of the philosopher's autobiography first published as 'Excerpts from Memory' (2006) and subsequently revised for Little Did I Know (2010). If, as Cavell suggests, 'the underlying subject' of both criticism and philosophy is 'the subject of examples', in which our interest lies in their emblematic aptness or richness as exemplars, exemplarity becomes central to the (...) aim of our reading. . . . Day considers how autobiography as a genre is preoccupied with the question of the author's exemplarity (Augustine or Rousseau), and in Cavell's retelling in 'Excerpts from Memory' he discusses how an event that Cavell would have us read allegorically - his move at the age of seven to a new apartment, his coming upon a familiar bowl containing nonpareils, his remark upon this to his father and his father's violent reaction - recasts a scene of paternal hatred as the child's offer of communion. Day suggests that this retelling proves to be redemptive: first, of the incident itself, and second, of the reader's own experience. Seeing how to read this autobiographical life as exemplary helps us to transfigure our own moments of deprivation into so many possibilities for freedom." --James Loxley and Andrew Taylor, introductory chapter to Stanley Cavell: Philosophy, Literature and Criticism, 15-16. (shrink)

In 1956 W. B. Gallie advanced the thesis that certain political concepts, such as that of social justice, are .1 Since then, a considerable literature on the subject has developed, some of it in support of the thesis, some of it in opposition to it.2 W. E. Connolly is a leading supporter of it, and John Gray is a leading opponent of it. However, Connolly's advocacy of it in the second edition of his book is significantly more moderate than that (...) in the first (1974) edition of it. (shrink)

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of Charles Darwin's evolutionary theorizing about the natural origins of religion. More specifically, it argues that Darwin's commitment to locating elementary forms of the religious life in non-human animals was informed by his desire to sever the connection between the moral status of being human and the anthropological status of having a religion. The essay concludes that when we carefully examine the Darwinian solution to the evolutionary puzzle of religion, we discover how his naturalist (...) project was structured in quite fundamental ways by his normative commitments. (shrink)

This field review discusses several recently published books that are concerned with historical, cultural, philosophical, or sociological aspects of the social sciences and humanities, past and present. It investigates similarities and differences between the various perspectives and approaches, and analyzes how these are informed by different visions of the field of SSH studies. In concluding, the review discusses three recurrent themes that will presumably move in the focus of debate in the near future: the debate on positivism in SSH and (...) its “epistemological others;” the impact of the Cold War on the gestalt of the SSH; and, finally, the adequacy of science, technology, and society approaches to describe techniques and practices in the SSH. (shrink)

Understanding the relationship between obesity and fast food consumption encompasses a broad range of individual level and environmental factors. One theoretical approach, the health capability framework, focuses on the complex set of conditions allowing individuals to be healthy. This qualitative study aimed to identify factors that influence individual level health agency with respect to healthy eating choices in uniformly constrained environments. We used an inductive qualitative research design to develop an interview guide, conduct open-ended interviews with a purposive sample of (...) 14 student fast food workers, and analyze the data. Data analysis was conducted iteratively during the study with multiple coders to identify themes. Emergent themes included environmental influences on eating behaviors and internal psychological factors. A localized, embedded approach to analyzing the factors driving the obesity epidemic is needed. Addressing contextual interactions between internal psychological and external environmental factors responds to social justice and public health concerns, and may yield more relevant and effective interventions for vulnerable communities. (shrink)

Seeing Wittgenstein Anew is the first collection to examine Ludwig Wittgenstein’s remarks on the concept of aspect-seeing. These essays show that aspect-seeing was not simply one more topic of investigation in Wittgenstein’s later writings, but, rather, that it was a pervasive and guiding concept in his efforts to turn philosophy’s attention to the actual conditions of our common life in language. Arranged in sections that highlight the pertinence of the aspect-seeing remarks to aesthetic and moral perception, self-knowledge, mind and consciousness, (...) linguistic agreement, philosophical therapy, and “seeing connections,” the sixteen essays, which were specially commissioned for this volume, demonstrate the unity of not only Philosophical Investigations but also Wittgenstein’s later thought as a whole. They open up novel paths across familiar fields of thought: the objectivity of interpretation, the fixity of the past, the acquisition of language, and the nature of human consciousness. Significantly, they exemplify how continuing consideration of the interrelated phenomena and concepts surrounding aspect-seeing might produce a fruitful way of doing philosophy. The volume includes a concordance for the unnumbered remarks in the various editions of Philosophical Investigations, including the latest (4th) edition. (The front matter is posted here. The introduction - "Seeing Aspects in Wittgenstein" - appears below under "Published articles."). (shrink)

What do you do when it seems like everybody else is getting their dreams and you're not? Heather Thompson Day shows us what we can do to shape ourselves while waiting, so we are ready when it's our turn. Unpacking comparison and instant gratification, she teaches how we can cultivate perspectives and practices that help us trust God while we're waiting for our turn to come.