Results for 'Kjeld Holm'

940 found
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  1.  9
    Søren Kierkegaard og romantikerne.Kjeld Holm - 1974 - København: Berlingske. Edited by Malthe Jacobsen & Bjarne Troelsen.
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  2. Meta Consent – A Flexible Solution to the Problem of Secondary Use of Health Data.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2016 - Bioethics 30 (9):721-732.
    In this article we provide an in-depth description of a new model of informed consent called ‘meta consent’ and consider its practical implementation. We explore justifications for preferring meta consent over alternative models of consent as a solution to the problem of secondary use of health data for research. We finally argue that meta consent strikes an appropriate balance between enabling valuable research and protecting the individual.
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  3.  24
    Moral Standards.John Harris, Soren Holm, Udo Schüklenk, David Mertz & Juliet Richters - 1995 - Health Care Analysis 3 (3):270-272.
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  4.  99
    Doctors, Patients, and Nudging in the Clinical Context—Four Views on Nudging and Informed Consent.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (10):28-38.
    In an analysis of recent work on nudging we distinguish three positions on the relationship between nudging founded in libertarian paternalism and the protection of personal autonomy through informed consent. We argue that all three positions fail to provide adequate protection of personal autonomy in the clinical context. Acknowledging that nudging may be beneficial, we suggest a fourth position according to which nudging and informed consent are valuable in different domains of interaction.
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  5. A Right against Risk-Imposition and the Problem of Paralysis.Sune Holm - 2016 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 19 (4):917-930.
    In this paper I examine the prospects for a rights-based approach to the morality of pure risk-imposition. In particular, I discuss a practical challenge to proponents of the thesis that we have a right against being imposed a risk of harm. According to an influential criticism, a right against risk-imposition will rule out all ordinary activities. The paper examines two strategies that rights theorists may follow in response to this “Paralysis Problem”. The first strategy introduces a threshold for when a (...)
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  6.  50
    Misuse of co-authorship in Medical PhD Theses in Scandinavia: A Questionnaire Survey.Gert Helgesson, Søren Holm, Lone Bredahl, Bjørn Hofmann & Niklas Juth - 2023 - Journal of Academic Ethics 21 (3):393-406.
    Background Several studies suggest that deviations from proper authorship practices are commonplace in medicine. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of and attitudes towards the handling of authorship in PhD theses at medical faculties in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Methods Those who defended their PhD thesis at a medical faculty in Scandinavia during the second half of 2020 were offered, by e-mail, to participate in an online survey. Survey questions dealt with experiences of violations of the first (...)
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  7.  59
    “Nudging” and Informed Consent Revisited: Why “Nudging” Fails in the Clinical Context.Søren Holm & Thomas Ploug - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (6):29-31.
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  8.  63
    Teleology and biocentrism.Sune Holm - 2017 - Synthese 194 (4).
    In this paper I examine the connection between accounts of biological teleology and the biocentrist claim that all living beings have a good of their own. I first present the background for biocentrists’ appeal to biological teleology. Then I raise a problem of scope for teleology-based biocentrism and, drawing in part on recent work by Basl and Sandler, I discuss Taylor and Varner’s responses to this problem. I then challenge Basl and Sandler’s own response to the scope problem for its (...)
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  9. Informed consent and routinisation.Thomas Ploug & Soren Holm - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (4):214-218.
    This article introduces the notion of ‘routinisation’ into discussions of informed consent. It is argued that the routinisation of informed consent poses a threat to the protection of the personal autonomy of a patient through the negotiation of informed consent. On the basis of a large survey, we provide evidence of the routinisation of informed consent in various types of interaction on the internet; among these, the routinisation of consent to the exchange of health related information. We also provide evidence (...)
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  10. Towards a Concept of Embodied Autonomy: In what ways can a Patient’s Body contribute to the Autonomy of Medical Decisions?Jonathan Lewis & Søren Holm - 2023 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 26 (3):451-463.
    “Bodily autonomy” has received significant attention in bioethics, medical ethics, and medical law in terms of the general inviolability of a patient’s bodily sovereignty and the rights of patients to make choices (e.g., reproductive choices) that concern their own body. However, the role of the body in terms of how it can or does contribute to a patient’s capacity for, or exercises of their autonomy in clinical decision-making situations has not been explicitly addressed. The approach to autonomy in this paper (...)
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  11.  54
    Eliciting meta consent for future secondary research use of health data using a smartphone application - a proof of concept study in the Danish population.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2017 - BMC Medical Ethics 18 (1):51.
    The increased use of information technology in every day health care creates vast amounts of stored health data that can be used for research. The secondary research use of routinely collected data raises questions about appropriate consent mechanisms for such use. One option is meta consent where individuals state their own consent preferences in relation to future use of their data, e.g. whether they want the data to be accessible to researchers under conditions of specific consent, broad consent, blanket consent (...)
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  12.  51
    The Problem of Phantom Functions.Sune Holm - 2017 - Erkenntnis 82 (1):233-241.
    This paper discusses a recent solution to the problem of artifact phantom functions by Beth Preston. A phantom function is a function associated with a kind of artifact that it is structurally incapable of performing. Preston proposes a criterion of artifact proper function according to which phantom functions can be proper functions. This paper argues that Preston’s criterion cannot ground the teleological and normative aspects definitive of proper functions and that the proposed criterion is not consistent with Preston’s account of (...)
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  13.  46
    Milgram and Tuskegee—Paradigm Research Projects in Bioethics.Emma Cave & Søren Holm - 2003 - Health Care Analysis 11 (1):27-40.
    This paper discusses the use of the Milgram obedience experiments and the Tuskegee syphilis study in the bioethical literature. The two studies are presented and a variety of uses of them identified and discussed. It is argued that the use of these studies as paradigms of problematic research relies on a reduction of their complexity. What is discussed is thus often constructions of these studies that are closer to hypothetical examples than to the real studies.
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  14. The effect of first written language on the acquisition of English literacy.Alison Holm & Barbara Dodd - 1996 - Cognition 59 (2):119-147.
    The relationship between first and second language literacy was examined by identifying the skills and processes developed in the first language that were transferred to the second language. The performance of 40 university students from The People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, Vietnam and Australia were compared on a series of tasks that assessed phonological awareness and reading and spelling skills in English. The results indicated that the Hong Kong students (with non-alphabetic first language literacy) had limited phonological awareness compared (...)
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  15.  47
    Organism and artifact: Proper functions in Paley organisms.Sune Holm - 2013 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 44 (4b):706-713.
    In this paper I assess the explanatory powers of theories of function in the context of products that may result from synthetic biology. The aim is not to develop a new theory of functions, but to assess existing theories of function in relation to a new kind of biological and artifactual entity that might be produced in the not-too-distant future by means of synthetic biology. The paper thus investigates how to conceive of the functional nature of living systems that are (...)
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  16.  49
    Going Beyond the False Dichotomy of Broad or Specific Consent: A Meta-Perspective on Participant Choice in Research Using Human Tissue.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (9):44-46.
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  17. Accountability for Reasonableness: Opening the Black Box of Process.Andreas Hasman & Søren Holm - 2005 - Health Care Analysis 13 (4):261-273.
    Norman Daniels' and James Sabin's theory of “accountability for reasonableness” (A4R) is a much discussed account of due process for decision-making on health care priority setting. Central to the theory is the acceptance that people may justifiably disagree on what reasons it is relevant to consider when priorities are made, but that there is a core set of reasons, that all centre on fairness, on which there will be no disagreement. A4R is designed as an institutional decision process which will (...)
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  18.  86
    Disease, Dysfunction, and Synthetic Biology.Sune Holm - 2014 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 39 (4):329-345.
    Theorists analyzing the concept of disease on the basis of the notion of dysfunction consider disease to be dysfunction requiring. More specifically, dysfunction-requiring theories of disease claim that for an individual to be diseased certain biological facts about it must be the case. Disease is not wholly a matter of evaluative attitudes. In this paper, I consider the dysfunction-requiring component of Wakefield’s hybrid account of disease in light of the artifactual organisms envisioned by current research in synthetic biology. In particular, (...)
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  19.  53
    Authenticity, Best Interest, and Clinical Nudging.Søren Holm - 2017 - Hastings Center Report 47 (2):38-40.
    In this issue of the Hastings Center Report, Moti Gorin, Steven Joffe, Neal Dickert, and Scott Halpern offer a comprehensive defense of the use of nudging techniques in the clinical context, with the aim of promoting the best interests of patients. Their argument is built on three important claims: Nudging is ubiquitous and inescapable in clinical choice situations, and there is no neutral way of informing patients about their treatment choices; many patients do not have authentic preferences concerning their treatment (...)
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  20.  40
    The future of human reproduction : ethics, choice, and regulation.John Harris & Søren Holm (eds.) - 1998 - Oxford University Press.
    The Future of Human Reproduction brings together new work, by an international group of contributors from various fields and perspectives, on ethical, social, and legal issues raised by recent advances in reproductive technology. These advances have put us in a position to choose what kindsof children and parents there should be; the aim of the essays is to illuminate how we should deal with these possibilities for choice. Topics discussed include gender and race selection, genetic engineering, fertility treatment, ovarian tissue (...)
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  21.  69
    Conflict of interest disclosure and the polarisation of scientific communities.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (4):356-358.
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  22. Declaration of Helsinki.Søren Holm - 2013 - In Hugh LaFollette, The International Encyclopedia of Ethics. Hoboken, NJ: Blackwell.
     
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  23.  49
    Organism, machine, artifact: The conceptual and normative challenges of synthetic biology.Sune Holm & Russell Powell - 2013 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 44 (4):627-631.
    Synthetic biology is an emerging discipline that aims to apply rational engineering principles in the design and creation of organisms that are exquisitely tailored to human ends. The creation of artificial life raises conceptual, methodological and normative challenges that are ripe for philosophical investigation. This special issue examines the defining concepts and methods of synthetic biology, details the contours of the organism–artifact distinction, situates the products of synthetic biology vis-à-vis this conceptual typology and against historical human manipulation of the living (...)
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  24. Transsexuals in Sport–Fairness and Freedom, Regulation and Law.John Coggon, Natasha Hammond & S. ⊘ren Holm - 2008 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 2 (1):4-17.
    The question of if, and under what conditions transsexuals should be allowed to participate in sports in their acquired sex is becoming increasingly relevant partly because the number of transsexuals is increasing partly because many countries now provide mechanisms for achieving legal recognition as belonging to the new acquired sex. This paper develops (1) an analysis of the justification for maintaining sex segregation in some sports and (2) an account of the rights of transsexuals to be recognised in their new (...)
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  25. Brain-Machine Interfaces and Personal Responsibility for Action - Maybe Not As Complicated After All.Søren Holm & Teck Chuan Voo - 2011 - Studies in Ethics, Law, and Technology 4 (3).
    This comment responds to Kevin Warwick’s article on predictability and responsibility with respect to brain-machine interfaces in action. It compares conventional responsibility for device use with the potential consequences of phenomenological human-machine integration which obscures the causal chain of an act. It explores two senses of “responsibility”: 1) when it is attributed to a person, suggesting the morally important way in which the person is a causal agent, and 2) when a person is accountable and, on the basis of fairness (...)
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  26. Reflections on the ethical dilemmas involved in promoting self-management.Anne Lise Holm & Elisabeth Severinsson - 2014 - Nursing Ethics 21 (4):0969733013500806.
    Due to their understanding of self-management, healthcare team members responsible for depressed older persons can experience an ethical dilemma. Each team member contributes important knowledge and experience pertaining to the management of depression, which should be reflected in the management plan. The aim of this study was to explore healthcare team members’ reflections on the ethical dilemmas involved in promoting self-management among depressed older persons. A qualitative design was used and data were collected by means of focus group interviews. The (...)
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  27.  98
    The privacy of tutankhamen – utilising the genetic information in stored tissue Samples.Søren Holm - 2001 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 22 (5):437-449.
    Recent technical developments in genetictesting has led to a situation where the DNA inpreviously stored tissue samples can beextracted and used for genetic analysis. Thisraises the question of how to decide whether aspecific use of such samples should be allowed.Using the genetic testing of ancient DNA ingeneral, and the DNA of the pharaoh Tutankhamenin particular as examples this paper analysesthe question. It investigates whether ethicalframeworks based on proxy consent, culturalaffiliation, ownership, or the privacy rightsof the dead are appropriate and justifiable (...)
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  28.  20
    Informed Consent and the Bio-banking of Material from Children.S.∅ren Holm - 2005 - Genomics, Society and Policy 1 (1):1-11.
    This paper considers the ethical issues raised by biobanking of material from children who are not mature enough to give ethically valid consent. The first part considers consent requirements for entry of such materials in the biobank, whereas the second part looks at the issues that arise when a competent child later wants to withdraw previously sored materials, and at the issues that arise when there is informational entanglement between information about a parent and information about a child. The paper (...)
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  29. Should we presume moral turpitude in our children? – Small children and consent to medical research.John Harris & Søren Holm - 2003 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 24 (2):121-129.
    When children are too young to make their ownautonomous decisions, decisions have to be madefor them. In certain contexts we allow parentsand others to make these decisions, and do notinterfere unless the decision clearly violatesthe best interest of the child. In othercontexts we put a priori limits on whatkind of decisions parents can make, and/or whatkinds of considerations they have to take intoaccount. Consent to medical research currentlyfalls into the second group mentioned here. Wewant to consider and ultimately reject one (...)
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  30. Assistive technology, telecare and people with intellectual disabilities: ethical considerations.J. Perry, S. Beyer & S. Holm - 2009 - Journal of Medical Ethics 35 (2):81-86.
    Increasingly, commissioners and providers of services for people with intellectual disabilities are turning to assistive technology and telecare as a potential solution to the problem of the increased demand for services, brought about by an expanding population of people with intellectual disabilities in the context of relatively static or diminishing resources. While there are numerous potential benefits of assistive technology and telecare, both for service providers and service users, there are also a number of ethical issues. The aim of this (...)
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  31.  53
    The phenomenological ethics of K. E. Løgstrup - a resource for health care ethics and philosophy?Søren Holm - 2001 - Nursing Philosophy 2 (1):26-33.
    This paper gives a presentation and critical assessment of the phenomenological philosophy and ethics of the Danish theologian and philosopher K. E. Løgstrup (1905–1981). It is argued that although the ethics of Løgstrup contain valuable insights, an uncritical appropriation as the main source for a health care ethics or a philosophy of caring, is problematic. Løgstrup's philosophy contains a number of internal problems, and does not adequately deal with some problems raised by work in the modern health care setting.
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  32.  22
    The spare embryo — A red herring in the embryo experimentation debate.Søren Holm - 1993 - Health Care Analysis 1 (1):63-66.
    Whenever embryo experimentation is discussed the question of whether it is preferable to use spare or specifically produced (‘research’) embryos for destructive embryo experimentation always enters the debate at some stage. This question is analysed, and it is suggested that the distinction is morally uninteresting, but rhetorically useful for both sides in the debate. It is further suggested that part of the force of this distinction is caused by the fact that it is parasitic on a real moral distinction based (...)
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  33. Pharmaceutical information systems and possible implementations of informed consent - developing an heuristic.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2012 - BMC Medical Ethics 13 (1):30-.
    Background Denmark has implemented a comprehensive, nationwide pharmaceutical information system, and this system has been evaluated by the Danish Council of Ethics. The system can be seen as an exemplar of a comprehensive health information system for clinical use. Analysis The paper analyses 1) how informed consent can be implemented in the system and how different implementations create different impacts on autonomy and control of information, and 2) arguments directed towards justifying not seeking informed consent in this context. Results and (...)
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  34. What should recognition entail? Responding to the reification of autonomy and vulnerability in medical research.Jonathan Lewis & Soren Holm - 2023 - Journal of Medical Ethics 49 (7):491-492.
    Smajdor argues that “recognition” is the solution to the “reifying attitude” that results from “the urge to protect ‘vulnerable’ people through exclusion from research”. Drawing on theories of reification, we argue that it is the concepts of autonomy and vulnerability themselves that have been reified, resulting in the impoverishment of approaches to autonomy at law and in research ethics. Overcoming such reification demands a deeper consideration of the grounds on which vulnerable individuals are owed recognition and thereby the forms such (...)
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  35.  40
    Patient Choice and Preventive Genomic Sequencing—More Trouble Upstream.Søren Holm & Thomas Ploug - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (7):24-26.
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  36. Informed consent in medical research : A procedure stretched beyond breaking point?Søren Holm & Søren Madsen - 2009 - In Oonagh Corrigan, The limits of consent: a socio-ethical approach to human subject research in medicine. New York: Oxford University Press.
  37.  38
    Kierkegaard and the church.Anders Holm - 2013 - In John Lippitt & George Pattison, The Oxford Handbook of Kierkegaard. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press UK. pp. 112.
    This chapter examines Soren Kierkegaard's views and relationship with the Church, explaining that while Kierkegaard was a frequent churchgoer, he also considered the Church a corrupt and disgraceful business enterprise. It discusses Kierkegaard's criticism on the development of the Church as an institution and analyses various aspects of his ecclesiastical conception of the Church. The chapter also considers Kierkegaard's own experiences in writing and delivering sermons.
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  38.  24
    Agreeing in Ignorance: Mapping the Routinisation of Consent in ICT-Services.Thomas Ploug & Søren Holm - 2014 - Science and Engineering Ethics 20 (4):1097-1110.
    Many ICT services require that users explicitly consent to conditions of use and policies for the protection of personal information. This consent may become ‘routinised’. We define the concept of routinisation and investigate to what extent routinisation occurs as well as the factors influencing routinisation in a survey study of internet use. We show that routinisation is common and that it is influenced by factors including gender, age, educational level and average daily internet use. We further explore the reasons users (...)
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  39. Teleological organisation.Sune Holm & John Basl - 2017 - Synthese 194 (4):1027-1029.
  40.  31
    Access to Health Care in the Scandinavian Countries: Ethical Aspects.Sören Holm, Per-Erik Liss & Ole Frithjof Norheim - 1999 - Health Care Analysis 7 (4):321-330.
    The health care systems are fairly similar in theScandinavian countries. The exact details vary, but inall three countries the system is almost exclusivelypublicly funded through taxation, and most (or all)hospitals are also publicly owned and managed. Thecountries also have a fairly strong primary caresector (even though it varies between the countries),with family physicians to various degrees acting asgatekeepers to specialist services. In Denmark most ofthe GP services are free. For the patient in Norwayand Sweden there are out-of-pocket co-payments for GPconsultations, (...)
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  41.  20
    How Many Lay Members Can You Have in Your IRB?: An Overview of the Danish System.Søren Holm - 1992 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 14 (6):8.
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  42.  47
    Justifying patient self-management – evidence based medicine or the primacy of the first person perspective.Søren Holm - 2005 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 8 (2):159-164.
    Patient self-management programs have become increasingly popular and are now also receiving official endorsements. This paper analyses two possible types of positive justifications for promoting patient self-management: evidence-based and patient-centred justifications. It is argued that evidence-based justifications, although important politically are deficient and that the primary justification for patient self-management must be a patient-centred justification focusing on the patient’s privileged access to his or her own lived body.
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  43. Research ethics committees in the social sciences.S. Holm & L. Irving - 2004 - In Kimberly Kempf-Leonard, Encyclopedia of Social Measurement. Elsevier. pp. 397--402.
     
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  44.  36
    The peaceable pluralistic society and the question of persons.Soren Holm - 1988 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 13 (4):379-386.
    In his recent book The Foundation of Bioethics , H. Tristam Engelhardt Jr. advances the idea of a peaceable pluralist moral society based on principles of autonomy, beneficience, and ownership. This paper tries to show that unless there is one and only one rationally sustainable definition of "a person", then the peaceable society cannot remain peaceable, but will be stirred up by groups with different and equally rational definitions. The paper further tries to show that Engelhardt's own definition of "a (...)
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  45.  63
    Classification and Normativity: Some Thoughts on Different Ways of Carving Up the Field of Bioethics.Søren Holm - 2011 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20 (2):165-173.
    Bioethics is, as is moral philosophy in general, a field spanning a range of different philosophical approaches, normative standpoints, methods and styles of analysis, metaphysics, and ontologies. In discussing bioethics, it is often seen as useful to introduce some kind of order on the field by categorizing individual philosophers or specific arguments into a relatively small number of categories. Such categorization or classification has several functions. It may help to show the relationship between basic assumptions and specific arguments or it (...)
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  46.  50
    Can “Giving Preference to My Patients” be Explained as a Role Related Duty in Public Health Care Systems?Søren Holm - 2011 - Health Care Analysis 19 (1):89-97.
    Most of us have two strong intuitions (or sets of intuitions) in relation to fairness in health care systems that are funded by public money, whether through taxation or compulsory insurance. The first intuition is that such a system has to treat patients (and other users) fairly, equitably, impartially, justly and without discrimination. The second intuition is that doctors, nurses and other health care professionals are allowed to, and may even in some cases be obligated to give preference to the (...)
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  47.  51
    A cautionary note against "precautionary reasoning" in action guiding morality.Søren Holm & John Coggon - 2009 - Ratio Juris 22 (2):295-309.
  48.  34
    Kon's Reinvention of the Empirical Bioethics Wheel.Søren Holm - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6-7):69-70.
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  49.  21
    Scientific second-order ’nudging’ or lobbying by interest groups: the battle over Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening Programmes.Thomas Ploug, Søren Holm & John Brodersen - 2014 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 17 (4):641-650.
    The idea that it is acceptable to ‘nudge’ people to opt for the ‘healthy choice’ is gaining currency in health care policy circles. This article investigates whether researchers evaluating Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening Programmes (AAASP) attempt to influence decision makers in ways that are similar to popular ‘nudging’ techniques. Comparing two papers on the health economics of AAASP both published in the BMJ within the last 3 years, it is shown that the values chosen for the health economics modelling are (...)
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  50.  33
    Pharmacogenetics, Race and Global Injustice 1.Søren Holm - 2008 - Developing World Bioethics 8 (2):82-88.
    This paper discusses the link between pharmacogenetics and race, and the global justice issues that the introduction of pharmacogenetics in pharmaceutical research and clinical practice will raise. First, it briefly outlines the likely impact of pharmacogenetics on pharmaceutical research and clinical practice within the next five to ten years and then explores the link between pharmacogenetic traits and ‘race’. It is shown that any link between apparent race and pharmacogenetics is problematic and that race cannot be used as a proxy (...)
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