Many efforts are focused on transformation to wellbeing economies as economies oriented towards equity, social justice, and human wellbeing in a flourishing natural environment (wellbeing economics). Drawing from analysis of innovations associated with these efforts, we emerge a framework of wellbeing-oriented ‘economic operating infrastructure’ (EOI). This is presented as a typology of six core types of economic transformation innovations nested from innovations with the broadest reach (narratives) to the most specific (products and services). Development of the typology was guided by (...) a set of wellbeing economies values that help in identifying which innovations to include. The innovations were identified by research on the internet, technical reports, and published articles. The typology elements are: innovations in economic narratives; governance; financing mechanisms; exchange mechanisms; business structures; and the products and services derived from them. Examples are presented in each category to illustrate how this infrastructure is emerging in alignment with establishing wellbeing economies. This exploratory and descriptive typology provides a preliminary framework for developing a strategic approach to economic transformation through wellbeing economic infrastructure development. Four EOI-based activities are identified to accelerate this transformation. (shrink)

In this study we replicated the explanatory effect of a label which had been found by Giffin et al.. In their experiments, they used vignettes describing an odd behavior of a person based on culturally specific disorders that were unfamiliar to respondents. It turned out that explanations which explain an odd behavior through a person’s tendency to behave that way seemed more persuasive if the disorder was given a label that was used in the explanation. We replicated these results in (...) Experiment 1, and in a follow-up Experiment 2 we examined the familiarity with category information and the evaluation of that category over time. We realized that the label effect persists even when people make judgments based on their recollections about a category. Furthermore, according to a content analysis of the recollections, participants in the label condition remembered more information from the vignettes but tended to forget an artificial label; however, they used other words from the disorder domain instead. This allowed us to suggest a new interpretation of this effect: we suppose that in the Giffin et al. experiments the label did not bring any new features to a category itself, but pointed to a relevant domain instead, so the effect appeared from the activation of areas of knowledge in semantic memory and the application of relevant schema for learning a new phenomenon. (shrink)

The purpose of the study is to determine the role of the Protestant Reformation in increasing the education of European society in the XVI-XVII centuries. The article discusses the reasons for the flourishing of education and science in this era. Scientific novelty is manifested in a comprehensive study of the consequences of the Reformation, which, mutually influencing each other, eventually led to an increase in the level of education in Europe. As a result, it was established that the Reformation democratized (...) the spiritual, political and socio-economic aspects of life, introduced the principles of freedom of conscience, faith without mediation, encouragement of entrepreneurship, universality of education, the need for each person to study the Scriptures independently, personal responsibility to God and others, which contributed to the development of science and education, as well as the formation of a new public consciousness. (shrink)

Reconstruction of the basilica that preceded the present abbey church at Conques lends itself to exploring the notion of “sacred space”. Like its successor, the original basilica, probably built around 900, was dedicated to St Foy and held her remains. Textual evidence, augmented with (albeit scarce) archeological data, enables a reconstruction of what emerges as an unusual building containing a “physical” sacred space clearly conceived as a place into which the whole cult of St Foy could be “condensed”. At the (...) same time, textual evidence, mainly in the Liber miraculorum sanctae Fidis, hints at the existence of a “mental” sacred space in which specific movements performed in venerating the saint, as well as the comings and goings of pilgrims and other worshippers, formed a sacred space that was more fluid but no less central to understanding Conques as a place of devotion. Going farther, the analysis here suggests a notion of “sacred space” that includes the terrain surrounding a place of devotion: once worshippers’ senses of hearing, sight, and touch were activated, the natural setting itself became a place of holiness and protection. (shrink)

The article introduces the concept of the logonomic sign as an elaboration on Hodge and Kress’s promising yet under-examined ideas about logonomic systems. Logonomic signs are defined as socially devised signs that constrain multimodal semiosis by restricting who is able to produce what signs under what circumstances. Based on the Peircean categories, the functioning of logonomic signs is modeled as a three-phase process of logonomic understanding, logonomic actualization, and logonomic reproduction. Based on Kull’s theory of evolution of semiotic systems, logonomic (...) signs are theorized as mechanisms of retention and standardization of semiotic Habits. The mechanism of reproduction of logonomic signs is modeled as a sign in which past logonomic semioses function as Objects by being iconically represented by similar current logonomic semioses functioning as Representamens, and in which future logonomic semioses are produced as Interpretants. The methodological potential of the proposed concept is discussed in the context of the integrative transdisciplinary capacity of semiotics in social research. (shrink)

The construction of body image consists of the ways in which the body is considered, perceived, and evaluated. The ideal body image has been changing considerably over the centuries; the discrepanc...

Moral principles are indispensable for the assessment of the sciences. Medicine is one of the sciences in need of the guidance of ethics. Ethical principles are put forward and interpreted by society. Vital principles for bioethics include a high standard for professional medical workers, confidentiality between the physician and the patient, and informed consent. Marxist teaching calls for the unity of science and ethics, based on humanist ideas. Keywords: ethics of science, ethical neutrality, professional ethics, Marxism-Leninism, humanist ideals, USSR, bioethics (...) CiteULike Connotea Del.icio.us What's this? (shrink)

Limited capability of the existing international environment funds in financing of sustainable low-carbon development is considered in this article. The reasons are given that those limitations are introduced to the funds’ statutory instruments, including newly established Green Climate Fund. It is proved in the article that optional participation of countries and companies in those funds, voluntary character of contributions, lack of income consistency doesn’t allow to fill the funds with sufficient resources necessary to finance anti-carbon measures. The scientific novelty of (...) this article consists in developing special global anti-carbon fund concept. This concept implies inclusion of all carbon emissions1 producers, binding character and regularity of contributions to the fund basing on the principle “if you pollute more, you pay more”, organization of systematic financing by fund of anti-carbon activities using principle “If you clean more and clean cheap, you receive more money”. The practical meaning of this article consists in substantiation of principles and priorities of the global anti-carbon fund. (shrink)

Because research involving human subjects exposes people to risk not always for their own potential benefit, the question arises as to how best ensure that: research participants are protected and benefited according to the highest ethical standards, while, on the other hand, researchers are protected and free to do research that will produce clinical advances for both research participants and society as a whole.The balancing of the risk to research participants versus the benefits derived from the research is performed in (...) many counrries by a system for the protection of human research participants that is laid out in national laws and regulations. In the United States, this system is based on principles emanating from the Nuremberg Code, the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki,and the report of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (shrink)

The relation between philosophy and theology in Martin Heidegger’s thought is multilayered and tense. On the one hand, he admits that his theological origin, i.e. his Christian-Catholic rootedness, determines the direction of his thought, while on the other hand, he has been fighting against theology that is too much tinted with philosophy. At the same time, he opposes that his thought be called theistic or atheistic. In the analytic of Dasein he wants to create assumptions that would enable him to (...) talk about God, gods or divine in general. This brings him close to mysticism, and even more so to mythology, which is revealed in his interpretation of Hölderlin. Nietzsche’s talk about God’s death helps him in this context. However, neither with Nietzsche nor with Heidegger does this death look like real death. Both thinkers hold that death strikes that God who has in philosophy and theology been made a being. After the thinking of the Being had thrown light upon their thought, God of Biblical theology and above all God whose coming is expected according to Heidegger cannot be left to death, because he evades human comprehension, especially one in the form of philosophy and theology. (shrink)

La fundamentación de la física clásica llevó a Descartes a encontrar en el "ego cogito" la condición necesaria de todas las representaciones posibles: los conceptos de materia y de movimiento, tal como los exigía la nueva ciencia fueron concebidos por él inicialmente en una forma extremadamente racionalista, lo cual convirtió al "yo pienso" en el sujeto, en el fundamento de todo lo que puede ser real. Algunos científicos han sostenido que el "yo" según Descartes supone una tal preeminencia de la (...) epistemología, que impide pensar la moral y la situación del hombre frente a la incertidumbre de la vida. Se verá en el artículo que el sujeto hace de la naturaleza un mero objeto, pero mantiene su propia esfera, la de la libertad, hacia la cual estará dirigida toda la admiración después de que Descartes lograra resolver el enigma del universo. (shrink)

This article is a review of one of the most relevant studies on men who exercise sexist violence carried out from Social Psychology and Attachment Theory in the light of Political Philosophy and Feminist Sociology of Knowledge. Therefore, it proposes a commitment to the interdisciplinary approach in the study of human behavior. From this perspective, the present work focuses on the analysis of the systemic relationships between the current state of the patriarchal power structure, the gender socialization of men and (...) sexist violence against women. (shrink)

Collective intentionality is of central importance in social ontology. In this paper, we will discuss its role in Searle’s understanding of social ontology and institutional reality. The first section of the paper will reconstruct Searle’s understanding of social ontology and his identification of necessary elements for constructing institutional reality. In this section, we will discuss the notions of imposition of function, of collective intentionality, and of constitutional rule. The second section will critically re-examine the notion of collective intentionality. The third (...) section will contrast Searle’s understanding of institutional reality with the one based on evolutionary game theory. Taking into account that Searle describes his position as naturalistic, the main task of this section will be to examine to what extent the alternative theory, also naturalistic in its character, can address certain problems, which remain insolvable in the framework of Searle’s theory. (shrink)

Para la filosofía, Averroes constituye el vocativo de una clausura, pero también aquel de una cesura que escande la tradición de pensamiento occidental; especie de signatura que señala el sistema de exclusión que recorre su propia producción discursiva. En su interpretación del pensador árabe, Rodrigo Karmy acomete la tarea de pensar un paréntesis: “habitar un momento en el que se ha suspendido esa monumental historia de la filosofía” (p. 25). Su trabajo de lectura, revela la tentativa de un contrapunto, así (...) como la constitución de un nuevo territorio de habla que permita abrir espacio a un pensamiento descalificado y proscrito. Pese a esto, su lectura no busca solo, ni fundamentalmente, restituir el valor filosófico del pensamiento de Averroes, puesto que su ensayo no se organiza según la precisión exegética del filólogo, sino de un modo especulativo, al modo de un comentario –gesto genuinamente averroísta (Agamben, 2007)– que transita por la selección de nociones y problemas planteados por la filosofía de Averroes para volverla intempestiva (Nietzsche, 2011), vale decir, introducir una discronía en el discurso filosófico que deje asomar las posibilidades inactuales e inciertas de otras lecturas, pero también de otros tiempos. Un movimiento tal, implica necesariamente un esfuerzo por desactivar el arte de la tradición que es la filosofía, puesto que pensar, siempre supone un enfrentamiento con la tradición y su herencia. En esta clave es que la interpretación averroísta de Karmy intenta pensar el porvenir de un mundo a través del uso de un pensamiento. Porque Averroes funciona en este ensayo como un personaje conceptual (Deleuze, 2015), allí donde la imaginación recusa la hermenéutica empirista en que se han fundado los protocolos de lectura de la tradición aristotélica. En consecuencia, antes que un tratado filosófico, lo que la lectura de Karmy nos propone es un pensamiento estético, precisamente aquel de la imaginación. (shrink)

ARAGÃO, Ivan Rêgo. “ Vinde todas as pessoas, e vede a minha dor ”: A Festa/Procissão ao Nosso Senhor dos Passos como Atrativo Potencial Turístico em São Cristóvão-Sergipe-Brasil. 2012. 198f. Dissertação (Mestrado) Cultura e Turismo – Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-BA. Palavras-chave: Turismo Cultural-Religioso Católico. Religiosidade Popular. Festa do Senhor dos Passos. Keywords: Catholic Religious-Cultural Tourism. Popular Religiosity. Party of Lord of the Steps.

"Ivan Illich alights on such topics as education, history, language, politics, and the church. The conversations range over the whole of Illich's published work and public career as a priest, vice-rector of a university, founder of the Centre for Intercultural Documentation in Cuernavaca, Mexico, and author of such classics as Tools for Conviviality, Medical Nemesis, and Deschooling Society.".