Results for 'Harm-Peer Zimmermann'

966 found
Order:
  1.  10
    Embedded Ethics in Practice: A Toolbox for Integrating the Analysis of Ethical and Social Issues into Healthcare AI Research.Theresa Willem, Marie-Christine Fritzsche, Bettina M. Zimmermann, Anna Sierawska, Svenja Breuer, Maximilian Braun, Anja K. Ruess, Marieke Bak, Franziska B. Schönweitz, Lukas J. Meier, Amelia Fiske, Daniel Tigard, Ruth Müller, Stuart McLennan & Alena Buyx - 2024 - Science and Engineering Ethics 31 (1):1-22.
    Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into critical domains such as healthcare holds immense promise. Nevertheless, significant challenges must be addressed to avoid harm, promote the well-being of individuals and societies, and ensure ethically sound and socially just technology development. Innovative approaches like Embedded Ethics, which refers to integrating ethics and social science into technology development based on interdisciplinary collaboration, are emerging to address issues of bias, transparency, misrepresentation, and more. This paper aims to develop this approach further to enable future (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  2. On the Clarification of System Levels.R. E. Zimmermann - 2014 - Constructivist Foundations 10 (1):60-62.
    Open peer commentary on the article “The Circular Conditions of Second-order Science Sporadically Illustrated with Agent-based Experiments at the Roots of Observation” by Manfred Füllsack. Upshot: I follow the general tenor of Füllsack’s target article but I have some basic reservations as to the utilization of the thermodynamics involved.
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  3.  9
    Propagation of errors in citation networks: a study involving the entire citation network of a widely cited paper published in, and later retracted from, the journal Nature.Harm Nijveen & Paul E. van der Vet - 2016 - Research Integrity and Peer Review 1 (1).
    BackgroundIn about one in 10,000 cases, a published article is retracted. This very often means that the results it reports are flawed. Several authors have voiced concerns about the presence of retracted research in the memory of science. In particular, a retracted result is propagated by citing it. In the published literature, many instances are given of retracted articles that are cited both before and after their retraction. Even worse is the possibility that these articles in turn are cited in (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  4.  41
    Acknowledgment.Pauline Jacobson, Kent Bach, Shalom Lappin, Martin Stokhof, Daniel Buring, Peter Lasersohn, Thomas Ede, Paul Dekker Beth Levin Zimmermann, Julie Sedivy & Ben Russell - 2005 - Linguistics and Philosophy 28 (6):781-782.
  5.  11
    Testing the Efficacy of the Red-Light Purple-Light Games in Preprimary Classrooms in Kenya.Michael T. Willoughby, Benjamin Piper, Katherine Merseth King, Tabitha Nduku, Catherine Henny & Sarah Zimmermann - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    This study adapted and tested the efficacy of the Red-Light Purple-Light games for improving executive function skills in preprimary classrooms in Nairobi, Kenya. A cluster randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate the efficacy of the adapted RLPL intervention. Specifically, 24 centers were randomized to the RLPL or a wait-list control condition. Consistent with previous studies, participating classrooms delivered 16 lessons across an 8-week intervention period. A total of 479 children were recruited into the study. After exclusions based on child (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  6.  12
    Changes and Adaptations: How University Students Self-Regulate Their Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Felicitas Biwer, Wisnu Wiradhany, Mirjam Oude Egbrink, Harm Hospers, Stella Wasenitz, Walter Jansen & Anique de Bruin - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    During the COVID-19 pandemic, universities had to shift from face-to-face to emergency remote education. Students were forced to study online, with limited access to facilities and less contact with peers and teachers, while at the same time being exposed to more autonomy. This study examined how students adapted to emergency remote learning, specifically focusing on students’ resource-management strategies using an individual differences approach. One thousand eight hundred university students completed a questionnaire on their resource-management strategies and indicators of successful adaptation (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  7.  15
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries for “There’s No Harm in Talking: Reestablishing the Relationship Between Theological and Secular Bioethics”.Michael McCarthy, Mary Homan & Michael Rozier - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (1):W1-W3.
    The global landscape in which we wrote this essay has fundamentally changed. Given how these changes have altered the rhythm of life, particularly the added responsibilities that many of you have a...
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  8.  27
    Is unreliability in peer review harmful?Henry L. Roediger - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (1):159-160.
  9.  27
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries: On Social Harms, Big Tech, and Institutional Accountability.James A. Anderson, Melissa D. McCradden & Elizabeth A. Stephenson - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (10):6-8.
    The authors offer their sincere thanks to all of the commentators for taking the time to comment on our work ; one of the advantages of the AJOB format is immediate feedback,...
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  10.  36
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Assessing the Likely Harms to Kidney Vendors in Regulated Organ Markets”.Julian Koplin - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (10):1-3.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  11.  28
    E-Cigarettes, the FDA, Public Health, and Harm Reduction: A Response to the Open Peer Commentaries.Larisa Svirsky, Dana Howard & Micah L. Berman - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (1):1-4.
    We appreciate that all our commentators accepted the central framework we argued for, namely that the FDA has multiple roles and attendant responsibilities, and we are excited to see this framework...
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  12.  14
    Bullying in Peer Review: A Neglected Issue?Hansen Li & Xing Zhang - forthcoming - Journal of Academic Ethics:1-6.
    Inappropriate behaviors in peer review may involve bullying and can have negative effects on authors and the dissemination of knowledge. In this paper, we have discussed the causes, forms, harms, and potential mitigation measures of bullying in peer review. We call for attention to these behaviors and advocate for future research within a reasonable framework.
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  13.  38
    Peer Exclusion: a Social Convention or Moral Decision? Cross-Cultural Insights into Students’ Social Reasoning.Seung Yon Ha, Tzu-Jung Lin, Wei-Ting Li, Elizabeth Kraatz, Ying-Ju Chiu, Yu-Ru Hong, Chin-Chung Tsai & Michael Glassman - 2020 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 20 (1-2):127-154.
    In this study, we examined the role of culture on early adolescents’ social reasoning about peer exclusion. A total of 80 U.S. and 149 Taiwanese early adolescents independently completed a social reasoning essay about peer exclusion. Analyses of the essays based on social-moral theories showed that U.S. students tended to reason about peer exclusion based on social conventional thinking whereas Taiwanese students were more attentive to personal and moral issues. Despite this difference, both groups of students referred (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  14.  25
    Evidence for the effectiveness of peer review.Professor Robert H. Fletcher & Professor Suzanne W. Fletcher - 1997 - Science and Engineering Ethics 3 (1):35-50.
    Scientific editors’ policies, including peer review, are based mainly on tradition and belief. Do they actually achieve their desired effects, the selection of the best manuscripts and improvement of those published? Editorial decisions have important consequences—to investigators, the scientific community, and all who might benefit from correct information or be harmed by misleading research results. These decisions should be judged not just by intentions of reviewers and editors but also by the actual consequences of their actions. A small but (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  15. Doxastic Harm.Anne Baril - 2022 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 46:281-306.
    In this article, I will consider whether, and in what way, doxastic states can harm. I’ll first consider whether, and in what way, a person’s doxastic state can harm her, before turning to the question of whether, and in what way, it can harm someone else.
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  16.  77
    Towards a Custom-Made Whistleblowing Policy. Using Grid-Group Cultural Theory to Match Policy Measures to Different Styles of Peer Reporting.Kim Loyens - 2013 - Journal of Business Ethics 114 (2):239-249.
    To be effective, whistleblowing policies should be adapted to the organisational culture. They need to be custom-made and not follow a one-size-fits-all logic, specifically when they are installed to stimulate responsible peer reporting, a highly sensitive and value-laden type of whistleblowing. This paper attempts to illustrate that grid-group cultural theory could help to construct a whistleblowing policy by linking reporting styles to the organisational culture. First, we will identify four types of policy measures that are hypothesized to be effective (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  17.  53
    Harm Reduction Works: Evidence and Inclusion in Drug Policy and Advocacy.Alana Klein - 2020 - Health Care Analysis 28 (4):404-414.
    One of harm reduction’s most salient features is its pragmatism. Harm reduction purports to distinguish itself from dominant prohibitionist and abstinence-based policy paradigms by being grounded in what is realistic, in contrast with the moralism or puritanism of prohibition and abstention. This is reflected in the meme “harm reduction works”, popular both in institutional and grassroots settings. The idea that harm reduction is realistic and effective has meant different things among the main actors who seek to (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  18.  1
    AI-powered peer review needs human supervision.Mohamed L. Seghier - 2025 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 23 (1):104-116.
    Purpose This paper aims to appraise current challenges in adopting generative AI by reviewers to evaluate the readability and quality of submissions. The paper discusses how to make the AI-powered peer-review process immune to unethical practices, such as the proliferation of AI-generated poor-quality or fake reviews that could harm the value of peer review. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines the potential roles of AI in peer review, the challenges it raises and their mitigation. It critically appraises current (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  19.  58
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Saving Life, Limb, and Eyesight: Assessing the Medical Rules of Eligibility During Armed Conflict”.Michael L. Gross - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (10):1-3.
    Medical rules of eligibility permit severely injured Iraqi and Afghan nationals to receive care in Coalition medical facilities only if bed space is available and their injuries result directly from Coalition fire. The first rule favors Coalition soldiers over host-nation nationals and contradicts the principle of impartial, needs-based medical care. To justify preferential care for compatriots, wartime medicine invokes associative obligations of care that favor friends, family, and comrades-in-arms. Associative obligations have little place in peacetime medical care but significantly affect (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  20.  29
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Stem Cell Tourism and the Power of Hope”.Charles E. Murdoch & Christopher Thomas Scott - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics 10 (5):1-3.
    This paper explores the notions of hope and how individual patient autonomy can trump carefully reasoned ethical concerns and policies intended to regulate stem cell transplants. We argue that the same limits of knowledge that inform arguments to restrain and regulate unproven treatments might also undermine our ability to comprehensively dismiss or condemn them. Incautiously or indiscriminately reasoned policies and attitudes may drive critical information and data underground, impel patients away from working with clinical researchers, and tread needlessly on hope, (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  21.  16
    Bullying and exclusion from dominant peer group in Polish middle schools.Beata Kozak & Małgorzata Wójcik - 2015 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 46 (1):2-14.
    School bullying also referred to as peer victimization is considered extremely harmful for all parties involved. It has been recognised as an important issue in Polish schools. This article presents the first stage of a project financed by the National Centre of Research and Development and includes the results of qualitative research conducted in groups of middle-school students, middle-school teachers and psychologists. The results highlight several factors leading to the exclusion from the dominant peer group. The results also (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  22.  43
    Response to open Peer commentaries on “performance-enhancing technologies and moral responsibility in the military”.Jessica Wolfendale - 2008 - American Journal of Bioethics 8 (2):W4 – W6.
    New scientific advances have created previously unheard of possibilities for enhancing combatants' performance. Future war fighters may be smarter, stronger, and braver than ever before. If these technologies are safe, is there any reason to reject their use? In this article, I argue that the use of enhancements is constrained by the importance of maintaining the moral responsibility of military personnel. This is crucial for two reasons: the military's ethical commitments require military personnel to be morally responsible agents, and moral (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23.  48
    Evidence for the effectiveness of Peer review.Robert H. Fletcher & Suzanne W. Fletcher - 1997 - Science and Engineering Ethics 3 (1):35-50.
    Scientific editors’ policies, including peer review, are based mainly on tradition and belief. Do they actually achieve their desired effects, the selection of the best manuscripts and improvement of those published? Editorial decisions have important consequences—to investigators, the scientific community, and all who might benefit from correct information or be harmed by misleading research results. These decisions should be judged not just by intentions of reviewers and editors but also by the actual consequences of their actions. A small but (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  24.  31
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “The Ethical 'Elephant' in the Death Penalty 'Room”'.Michael Keane - 2008 - American Journal of Bioethics 8 (10):5-6.
    The United States Supreme Court recently ruled that execution by a commonly used protocol of drug administration does not represent cruel or unusual punishment. Various medical journals have editorialized on this drug protocol, the death penalty in general and the role that physicians play. Many physicians, and societies of physicians, express the opinion that it is unethical for doctors to participate in executions. This Target Article explores the harm that occurs to murder victims' relatives when an execution is delayed (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  25.  16
    We Don’t Offer What Can’t Be Chosen: Why Harmful Consequences Should Not Be “Decisive” in Assessing Decision-Making.Philip Day, Marc Tunzi & David J. Satin - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (10):60-62.
    In this Open Peer Commentary, we draw on our clinical experience to argue that instrumental paternalism carves a pathway to competent refusal of medical intervention. Whether C successfully navigat...
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  26.  18
    The Problem of Self-Disclosure of Self-Harming Behaviour in Adolescence.Slavka Demuthova, Ivana Vaclavikova, Lenka Selecka & Marek Blatny - 2020 - Postmodern Openings 11 (4):01-19.
    Self-disclosure is the key prerequisite for the provision of help and professional intervention in the case of mental difficulties. Self-harming behaviour is a problem in this area that has been a remarkably strong taboo, and as such, this form of behaviour is often hidden. The most at risk category in this context are adolescents who demonstrably receive the least psychological intervention and for whom self-harm is a high-risk behaviour. This study observes the prevalence of self-harming behaviour in a sample (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  27.  30
    Auxiliaries to Abusive Supervisors: The Spillover Effects of Peer Mistreatment on Employee Performance.Yuntao Bai, Lili Lu & Li Lin-Schilstra - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 178 (1):219-237.
    An accumulating amount of research has documented the harmful effects of abusive supervision on either its victims or third parties (peer abusive supervision). The abusive supervision literature, however, neglects to investigate the spillover effects of abusive supervision through third-party employees’ (i.e., peers’) mistreatment actions toward victims. Drawing on social learning theory, we argue that third parties learn mistreatment behaviors from abusive leaders and then themselves impose peer harassment and peer ostracism on victims, thereby negatively affecting victims’ performance. (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  28.  23
    The Epistemic Role of AI Decision Support Systems: Neither Superiors, Nor Inferiors, Nor Peers.Rand Hirmiz - 2024 - Philosophy and Technology 37 (127):1-20.
    Despite the importance of discussions over the epistemic role that artificially intelligent decision support systems ought to play, there is currently a lack of these discussions in both the AI literature and the epistemology literature. My goal in this paper is to rectify this by proposing an account of the epistemic role of AI decision support systems in medicine and discussing what this epistemic role means with regard to how these systems ought to be utilized. In particular, I argue that (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  29.  37
    Risk it? Direct and collateral impacts of peers' verbal expressions about hazard likelihoods.Paul D. Windschitl, Andrew R. Smith, Aaron M. Scherer & Jerry Suls - 2017 - Thinking and Reasoning 23 (3):259-291.
    When people encounter potential hazards, their expectations and behaviours can be shaped by a variety of factors including other people's expressions of verbal likelihood. What is the impact of such expressions when a person also has numeric likelihood estimates from the same source? Two studies used a new task involving an abstract virtual environment in which people learned about and reacted to novel hazards. Verbal expressions attributed to peers influenced participants’ behaviour toward hazards even when numeric estimates were also available. (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  30.  61
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Social Contexts Influence Ethical Considerations of Research”.Robert J. Levine, Judith B. Gordon, Carolyn M. Mazure, Philip E. Rubin, Barry R. Schaller & John L. Young - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (5):W1-W2.
    This article argues that we could improve the design of research protocols by developing an awareness of and a responsiveness to the social contexts of all the actors in the research enterprise, including subjects, investigators, sponsors, and members of the community in which the research will be conducted. “Social context” refers to the settings in which the actors are situated, including, but not limited to, their social, economic, political, cultural, and technological features. The utility of thinking about social contexts is (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  31.  44
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Prenatal Diagnosis and Abortion for Congenital Abnormalities: Is It Ethical to Provide One Without the Other?”.Angela Ballantyne, Ainsley Newson, Florencia Luna & Richard Ashcroft - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (8):6-7.
    This target article considers the ethical implications of providing prenatal diagnosis and antenatal screening services to detect fetal abnormalities in jurisdictions that prohibit abortion for these conditions. This unusual health policy context is common in the Latin American region. Congenital conditions are often untreated or under-treated in developing countries due to limited health resources, leading many women/couples to prefer termination of affected pregnancies. Three potential harms derive from the provision of PND in the absence of legal and safe abortion for (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  32. Can an Industry Be Socially Responsible If Its Products Harm Consumers? The Case of Online Gambling.Mirella Yani-de-Soriano, Uzma Javed & Shumaila Yousafzai - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 110 (4):481-497.
    Online gambling companies claim that they are ethical providers. They seem committed to corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices that are aimed at preventing or minimising the harm associated with their activities. Our empirical research employed a sample of 209 university student online gamblers, who took part in an online survey. Our findings suggest that the extent of online problem gambling is substantial and that it adversely impacts on the gambler's mental and physical health, social relationships and academic performance. Online (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  33.  16
    Problem presentation and responses on an online forum for young people who self-harm.Christabel Owens, Tamsin Ford, Tobit Emmens, Ray Jones, Elaine Hewis, Siobhan Sharkey & Janet Smithson - 2011 - Discourse Studies 13 (4):487-501.
    In this article we investigate the nature of problem presentation and responses on an online forum for young people who self-harm. Previous studies have raised concerns about the peer encouragement of self-harming behaviours in online forums, and this analysis considers the nature of peer interaction on a specific forum, ‘ SharpTalk’. This was a research forum which explored the potential of online communities to foster engagement and shared learning between NHS professionals and young people who self-harm. (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  34.  30
    Big Profits, Big Harm? Exploring the Link Between Firm Financial Performance and Human Rights Misbehavior.Elisa Giuliani, Federica Nieri & Andrea Vezzulli - 2023 - Business and Society 62 (6):1248-1299.
    We examine whether, relative to their global peers, the financial performance of firms from developing countries leads to increases in human rights abuses. We also study the institutional conditions that qualify this relationship. Based on a combination of behavioral and neo-institutional theories, we suggest there is a positive relationship between financial performance and human rights misbehavior as home country liabilities motivate firms to misbehave to achieve their primary goal of economic leadership. We also suggest that strong regulatory and normative pressures (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  35.  84
    Scientific Misconduct: Three Forms that Directly Harm Others as the Modus Operandi of Mill’s Tyranny of the Prevailing Opinion.Marcoen J. T. F. Cabbolet - 2014 - Science and Engineering Ethics 20 (1):41-54.
    Scientific misconduct is usually assumed to be self-serving. This paper, however, proposes to distinguish between two types of scientific misconduct: ‘type one scientific misconduct’ is self-serving and leads to falsely positive conclusions about one’s own work, while ‘type two scientific misconduct’ is other-harming and leads to falsely negative conclusions about someone else’s work. The focus is then on the latter type, and three known issues are identified as specific forms of such scientific misconduct: biased quality assessment, smear, and officially condoning (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  36.  36
    When Something is to be Done: Proof of Environmental Harm and the Philosophical Tradition.Carrie L. Hull - 1999 - Environmental Values 8 (1):3-25.
    This paper is centred around a debate taking place among environmental scientists. One camp argues that proof of a causal connection between a chemical and a biological anomaly must be demonstrated in the laboratory. The other contends that actual damage is underestimated in the lab, and that it is therefore necessary to conduct supplemental ecoepidemiological research in order to determine the full impact of toxic chemicals. Members of the former contingent – claiming to be defending scientific rigour – sometimes accuse (...)
    Direct download (7 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  37. Retributivism, Justification and Credence: The Epistemic Argument Revisited.Sofia M. I. Jeppsson - 2021 - Neuroethics 14 (2):177-190.
    Harming other people is prima facie wrong. Unless we can be very certain that doing so is justified under the circumstances, we ought not to do it. In this paper, I argue that we ought to dismantle harsh retributivist criminal justice systems for this reason; we cannot be sufficiently certain that the harm is justified. Gregg Caruso, Ben Vilhauer and others have previously argued for the same conclusion; however, my own version sidesteps certain controversial premises of theirs. Harsh retributivist (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  38.  64
    Safe at any scale? Food scares, food regulation, and scaled alternatives.Laura B. DeLind & Philip H. Howard - 2008 - Agriculture and Human Values 25 (3):301-317.
    The 2006 outbreak of E. coli O157:H7, traced to bagged spinach from California, illustrates a number of contradictions. The solutions sought by many politicians and popular food analysts have been to create a centralized federal agency and a uniform set of production standards modeled after those of the animal industry. Such an approach would disproportionately harm smaller-scale producers, whose operations were not responsible for the epidemic, as well as reduce the agroecological diversity that is essential for maintaining healthy human (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   24 citations  
  39.  23
    The Double Jeopardy of Feeling Lonely and Unimportant: State and Trait Loneliness and Feelings and Fears of Not Mattering.Sarah E. McComb, Joel O. Goldberg, Gordon L. Flett & Alison L. Rose - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    There have been recent concerns about an “epidemic of loneliness” during the pandemic, given the pervasiveness of loneliness in the population and its harmful effects on health and well-being. Therefore, it is important to establish the correlates of loneliness. The purpose of the current study was to explore how loneliness relates to a construct termed mattering, which is the feeling of being important to other people. Mattering was assessed with multiple measures in the current study (e.g., mattering in general, fears (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  40. Moving Beyond Mismatch.Robin Dembroff - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (2):60-63.
    In this peer commentary on Maura Priest's "Transgender Children and the Right to Transition: Medical Ethics When Parents Mean Well but Cause Harm", I argue against the "mismatch" model of trans identity. On this model, which is prevalent in institutional and medical contexts, to be trans is to have one's gender identity "mismatch" with one's sexed body.
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  41.  29
    Scholars’ preferred solutions for research misconduct: results from a survey of faculty members at America’s top 100 research universities.Travis C. Pratt, Michael D. Reisig, Kristy Holtfreter & Katelyn A. Golladay - 2019 - Ethics and Behavior 29 (7):510-530.
    Research misconduct is harmful because it threatens public health and public safety, and also undermines public confidence in science. Efforts to eradicate ongoing and prevent future misconduct are numerous and varied, yet the question of “what works” remains largely unanswered. To shed light on this issue, this study used data from both mail and online surveys administered to a stratified random sample of tenured and tenure-track faculty members (N = 613) in the social, natural, and applied sciences at America’s top (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  42.  43
    Clinical genetics and the problem with unqualified confidentiality.Rony E. Duncan & Ainsley J. Newson - 2006 - American Journal of Bioethics 6 (2):41 – 43.
    This open peer commentary critically examines the concept of unqualified medical confidentiality in the context of clinical genetics. The authors challenge two key assertions about maintaining absolute confidentiality: first, that preventing information sharing is the most effective way to minimize harm, and second, that individuals will take more responsibility for their health under strict confidentiality. Using a case study of a genetic condition with familial implications, they argue for a "qualified confidentiality" approach specific to clinical genetics. The commentary (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  43.  29
    Ethical Issues in School-Based Research.Heike Felzmann - 2009 - Research Ethics 5 (3):104-109.
    This paper provides an introduction to ethical issues arising in children's research that takes place in school-settings. It addresses three main areas of ethical concern: the informed consent process, confidentiality, and harm and benefit. Informed consent in school settings is characterized by the involvement of multiple stakeholders, including not just researchers, parents and individual children but also school principals, teachers and the children's peer group. The added complexity of the setting has implications for the management of the informed (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  44.  92
    Moral Gridlock: Conceptual Barriers to No-Fault Compensation for Injured Research Subjects.Leslie Meltzer Henry - 2013 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 41 (2):411-423.
    The federal regulations that govern biomedical research, most notably those enshrined in the Common Rule, are a product of their time. Born in the aftermath of wartime atrocities committed by Nazi doctors, and influenced by domestic research scandals like the Willowbrook and Tuskegee studies, the regulations express a protectionist ethos aimed at safeguarding subjects of human experimentation from the potential harms of research participation. Requirements for informed consent, risk minimization, equitable subject selection, and peer review of proposed research rest (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  45.  21
    Systemic Obstacles to Addressing Research Misconduct in Higher Education: A Case Study.James Golden, Catherine M. Mazzotta & Kimberly Zittel-Barr - 2023 - Journal of Academic Ethics 21 (1):71-82.
    Several widely publicized incidents of academic research misconduct, combined with the politicization of the role of science in public health and policy discourse (e.g., COVID, immunizations) threaten to undermine faith in the integrity of empirical research. Researchers often maintain that peer-review and study replication allow the field to self-police and self-correct; however, stark disparities between official reports of academic research misconduct and self-reports of academic researchers, specifically with regard to data fabrication, belie this argument. Further, systemic imperatives in academic (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  46.  96
    Out of the laboratory and into the classroom: the future of artificial intelligence in education.Daniel Schiff - 2021 - AI and Society 36 (1):331-348.
    Like previous educational technologies, artificial intelligence in education threatens to disrupt the status quo, with proponents highlighting the potential for efficiency and democratization, and skeptics warning of industrialization and alienation. However, unlike frequently discussed applications of AI in autonomous vehicles, military and cybersecurity concerns, and healthcare, AI’s impacts on education policy and practice have not yet captured the public’s attention. This paper, therefore, evaluates the status of AIEd, with special attention to intelligent tutoring systems and anthropomorphized artificial educational agents. I (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  47.  27
    When Core Self-Evaluations Influence Employees’ Deviant Reactions to Abusive Supervision: The Moderating Role of Cognitive Ability.Donald H. Kluemper, Kevin W. Mossholder, Dan Ispas, Mark N. Bing, Dragos Iliescu & Alexandra Ilie - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 159 (2):435-453.
    Viewing workplace deviance within a victim precipitation framework, we explore how abusive supervisors target subordinates low in core self-evaluations to explain when such employees respond by engaging in workplace deviance. We theorize that employees who are lower in CSE receive more abusive supervision, which generates subsequent harmful reactions toward supervisors, peers, and the organization. This occurs primarily when employees lack sufficient cognitive resources in dealing with supervisor abuse. We test, replicate, and extend our theoretical model in three empirical studies. Results (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  48.  67
    The Patients Changing Things Together (PATCHATT) ethics pack: A tool to support inclusive ethical decision-making in the development of a community-based palliative care intervention.Amanda Jane Roberts - 2023 - Clinical Ethics 18 (1):128-137.
    The Patients Changing Things Together (PATCHATT) programme supports individuals with a life-limiting illness to lead a change that matters to them. Individuals join a facilitated online peer support group to identify an issue they feel strongly about, plan for change and take action to bring that change about. The programme is developed and guided by a Programme Advisory Group with clinical and lay membership. This article charts the trialling of the patients changing thing together ethics pack, designed to support (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  49.  35
    Scientific Consensus and Public Policy.Darrin W. Belousek - 2004 - Journal of Philosophy, Science and Law 4:1-35.
    This paper examines normative and political aspects of the peer review, scientific consensus and public policy processes related to harmful algal blooms of Pfiesteria in estuarine waters of North Carolina and Maryland in the 1990s. After laying out a brief science and policy case history, the tension between the scientific consensus and public policy processes in this case is analyzed in terms of conflicts between scientific norms, public values and political expediency. The relationship between scientific consensus and public policy (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  50.  6
    Community-led approaches to research governance: a scoping review of strategies.Emily Doerksen, Alize E. Gunay, Scott D. Neufeld & Phoebe Friesen - forthcoming - Research Ethics.
    Around the world, a growing number of communities are voicing their demands for authority in the governance of research involving them. Many such communities have experienced histories of exploitative, stigmatizing, intrusive research that failed to benefit them. To better understand what strategies communities are developing in order to have a say in research oversight, we conducted a scoping review of the international peer-reviewed and grey literature. Three primary strategies were identified: (1) guidelines; (2) community review boards; and (3) community (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
1 — 50 / 966