Results for 'Eric Oger'

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  1. The Diversity of Philosophy Students and Faculty.Eric Schwitzgebel, Liam Kofi Bright, Carolyn Dicey Jennings, Morgan Thompson & Eric Winsberg - 2021 - The Philosophers' Magazine 93:71-90.
    How diverse is philosophy? In this paper we explore recent data on the racial, ethnic, and gender diversity of philosophy students and faculty in the United States. We have found that women are underrepresented in philosophy at all levels from first-year intention to major through senior faculty. The past four years have seen an increase in the percentage of women philosophy majors at the undergraduate level, but it remains to be seen if this recent increase in the percentage of women (...)
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  2. Conscientious objections, the nature of medicine, and the need for reformability.Eric J. Kim & Kyle Ferguson - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (1):63-70.
    Bioethics, Volume 36, Issue 1, Page 63-70, January 2022.
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  3.  60
    A roadmap to explanatory pluralism: introduction to the topical collection The Biology of Behaviour.Eric Muszynski & Christophe Malaterre - 2020 - Synthese 199 (1-2):1777-1789.
    Pluralism is widely appealed to in many areas of philosophy of science, though what is meant by ‘pluralism’ may profoundly vary. Because explanations of behaviour have been a favoured target for pluralistic theses, the sciences of behaviour offer a rich context in which to further investigate pluralism. This is what the topical collection The Biology of Behaviour: Explanatory pluralism across the life sciences is about. In the present introduction, we briefly review major strands of pluralist theses and their motivations. We (...)
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  4.  64
    Value judgments in a covid-19 vaccine model.Eric Winsberg, Stephanie Harvard & John Symons - 2021 - Social Science and Medicine 286.
    Scientific modelling is a value-laden process: the decisions involved can seldom be made using 'scientific' criteria alone, but rather draw on social and ethical values. In this paper, we draw on a body of philosophical literature to analyze a COVID-19 vaccination model, presenting a case study of social and ethical value judgments in health-oriented modelling. This case study urges us to make value judgments in health-oriented models explicit and interpretable by non-experts and to invite public involvement in making them.
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  5.  87
    Kant and the Metaphysics of Causality.Eric Watkins - 2004 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This is a book about Kant's views on causality as understood in their proper historical context. Specifically, Eric Watkins argues that a grasp of Leibnizian and anti-Leibnizian thought in eighteenth-century Germany helps one to see how the critical Kant argued for causal principles that have both metaphysical and epistemological elements. On this reading Kant's model of causality does not consist of events, but rather of substances endowed with causal powers that are exercised according to their natures and circumstances. This (...)
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  6.  66
    Evolutionary psychology, learning, and belief signaling: design for natural and artificial systems.Eric Funkhouser - 2021 - Synthese 199 (5-6):14097-14119.
    Recent work in the cognitive sciences has argued that beliefs sometimes acquire signaling functions in virtue of their ability to reveal information that manipulates “mindreaders.” This paper sketches some of the evolutionary and design considerations that could take agents from solipsistic goal pursuit to beliefs that serve as social signals. Such beliefs will be governed by norms besides just the traditional norms of epistemology. As agents become better at detecting the agency of others, either through evolutionary history or individual learning, (...)
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  7.  71
    Rational causation.Eric Marcus - 2012 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  8. Common Core Conformant Definitions for an Ontology of Commercial Exchange.Eric C. Merrell, Olivier Massin & Barry Smith - 2021 - 2nd International Workshop on Ontology of Social, Legal and Economic Entities (SoLEE).
    In “Toward an Ontology of Commercial Exchange” [11], we proposed human readable definitions for terms that are central to an ontology of commercial exchange. This paper furthers that project in two ways. First, the definitions have been modified to be compatible with the Common Core Ontologies (CCO). CCO is used in a wide variety of domains including the industrial and military domains. Having a commerce ontology compatible with CCO allows data about the exchange of goods relevant to those domains to (...)
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  9. Benefits of Realist Ontologies to Systems Engineering.Eric Merrell, Robert M. Kelly, David Kasmier, Barry Smith, Marc Brittain, Ronald Ankner, Evan Maki, Curtis W. Heisey & Kevin Bush - 2021 - 8th International Workshop on Ontologies and Conceptual Modelling (OntoCom).
    Applied ontologies have been used more and more frequently to enhance systems engineering. In this paper, we argue that adopting principles of ontological realism can increase the benefits that ontologies have already been shown to provide to the systems engineering process. Moreover, adopting Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), an ISO standard for top-level ontologies from which more domain specific ontologies are constructed, can lead to benefits in four distinct areas of systems engineering: (1) interoperability, (2) standardization, (3) testing, and (4) data (...)
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  10.  35
    Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, and European Buddhism: Reflections on Nietzsche and Other Buddhas by Jason M. Wirth.Eric S. Nelson - 2021 - Philosophy East and West 71 (4):1082-1093.
    Jason M. Wirth's Nietzsche and Other Buddhas is a thought-provoking work that lucidly engages elements of the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche in relation to Buddhist, Kyōto School, and other philosophical sources.This book offers innovative and suggestive strategies for addressing questions of inter- and cross-cultural philosophy in a situation "after comparative philosophy" without an underlying fixed grounding to engage in comparison. Wirth describes in the introduction an interpretive strategy of "co-illuminating confrontation." It does not primarily rely on a comparison between concepts, (...)
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  11. Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing.Eric Lander, Françoise Baylis, Feng Zhang, Emmanuelle Charpentier, Paul Berg, Catherine Bourgain, Bärbel Friedrich, Keith Joung, Jinsong Li, David Liu & Others - 2019 - Nature 567 (7747):165–8.
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  12. Subjective Reasons.Eric Vogelstein - 2012 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 15 (2):239-257.
    In recent years, the notion of a reason has come to occupy a central place in both metaethics and normative theory more broadly. Indeed, many philosophers have come to view reasons as providing the basis of normativity itself . The common conception is that reasons are facts that count in favor of some act or attitude. More recently, philosophers have begun to appreciate a distinction between objective and subjective reasons, where (roughly) objective reasons are determined by the facts, while subjective (...)
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  13. The Conceptual Mind: New Directions in the Study of Concepts.Eric Margolis & Stephen Laurence (eds.) - 2015 - Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
    The Conceptual Mind’s twenty-four newly commissioned essays cover the most important recent theoretical developments in the study of concepts, identifying and exploring the big ideas that will guide further research over the next decade. Topics include concepts and animals, concepts and the brain, concepts and evolution, concepts and perception, concepts and language, concepts across cultures, concept acquisition and conceptual change, concepts and normativity, concepts in context, and conceptual individuation.
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  14.  9
    A Tale of Seven Scientists and a New Philosophy of Science.Eric R. Scerri - 2016 - New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.
    In his latest book, Eric Scerri presents a completely original account of the nature of scientific progress. It consists of a holistic and unified approach in which science is seen as a living and evolving single organism. Instead of scientific revolutions featuring exceptionally gifted individuals, Scerri argues that the "little people" contribute as much as the "heroes" of science. To do this he examines seven case studies of virtually unknown chemists and physicists in the early 20th century quest to (...)
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  15. Do defaults save lives?Eric Johnson & Daniel Goldstein - 2003 - Science 302 (5649):1338–9.
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  16. Rossian Deontology and the Possibility of Moral Expertise.Eric Wiland - 2014 - In Mark Timmons (ed.), Oxford Studies Normative Ethics, Volume 4. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press UK. pp. 159-178.
    It seems that we can know moral truths. We are also rather reluctant to defer to moral testimony. But it’s not obvious how moral cognitivism is compatible with pessimism about moral testimony. If moral truths are knowable, shouldn’t it be possible for others to know moral truths you don’t know, so that it is wise for you to defer to what they say? Or, alternatively, if it’s always reasonable to refuse to defer to the wisest among us, doesn’t this show (...)
     
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  17.  22
    (1 other version)Logique de la philosophie.Eric Weil - 1950 - Paris,: J. Vrin.
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  18.  69
    Creations of the Mind: Theories of Artifacts and their Representation.Eric Margolis & Stephen Laurence - 2009 - Analysis 69 (1):171-172.
    This collection of 16 original articles by prominent theorists from a variety of disciplines provides an excellent insight into current thinking about artifacts. The four sections address issues concerning the metaphysics of artifacts, the nature and cognitive development of artifact concepts, and the place of artifacts in evolutionary history. The most overtly philosophical contributions are in the first two sections. Metaphysical issues addressed include the ‘mind-dependence’ of artifacts and the bearing of this on their ‘real’ existence, and the distinction between (...)
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  19. Mental causation: Unnaturalized but not unnatural.Eric Marcus - 2001 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 63 (1):57-83.
    If a woman in the audience at a presentation raises her hand, we would take this as evidence that she intends to ask a question. In normal circumstances, we would be right to say that she raises her hand because she intends to ask a question. We also expect that there could, in principle, be a causal explanation of her hand’s rising in purely physiological terms. Ordinarily, we take the existence and compatibility of both kinds of causes for granted. But (...)
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  20. Emotive equilibria.Eric McCready - 2012 - Linguistics and Philosophy 35 (3):243-283.
    Natural language contains many expressions with underspecified emotive content. This paper proposes a way to resolve such underspecification. Nonmonotonic inference over a knowledge base is used to derive an expected interpretation for emotive expressions in a particular context. This ‘normal’ meaning is then taken to influence the hearer’s expectations about probable interpretations, and, because of these probable interpretations, the decisions of the speaker about when use of underspecified emotive terms is appropriate.
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  21.  35
    Biogerontology, “Anti‐aging Medicine,” and the Challenges of Human Enhancement.Eric T. Juengst, Robert H. Binstock, Maxwell Mehlman, Stephen G. Post & Peter Whitehouse - 2003 - Hastings Center Report 33 (4):21-30.
    Slowing the aging process would be one of the most dramatic and momentous ways of enhancing human beings. It is also one that mainstream science is on the brink of pursuing. The state of the science, together with its possible impact, make it an important example for how to think about research into all enhancement technologies.
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  22.  22
    Envisioning Power: Ideologies of Dominance and Crisis.Eric R. Wolf - 1999 - University of California Press.
    With the originality and energy that have marked his earlier works, Eric Wolf now explores the historical relationship of ideas, power, and culture. Responding to anthropology's long reliance on a concept of culture that takes little account of power, Wolf argues that power is crucial in shaping the circumstances of cultural production. Responding to social-science notions of ideology that incorporate power but disregard the ways ideas respond to cultural promptings, he demonstrates how power and ideas connect through the medium (...)
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  23.  28
    Normative nursing ethics: A literature review and tentative recommendations.Eric Vogelstein & Alison Colbert - 2020 - Nursing Ethics 27 (1):7-15.
    We describe the results and implications of a literature review that identifies the number of normative and empirical articles, respectively, that have appeared in Nursing Ethics in each year from 1994 to 2017. The results of our analysis suggest a powerful trend away from normative scholarship and toward empirical investigation within the field of nursing ethics, both overall and comparatively. We argue that there are several important negative consequences of this trend, and we propose some potential solutions to address them.
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  24. Proper names and persons: Peirce's semiotic consideration of proper names.Eric Thomas Weber - 2008 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 44 (2):pp. 346-362.
    Charles S. Peirce’s theory of proper names bears helpful insights for how we might think about his understanding of persons. Persons, on his view, are continuities, not static objects. I argue that Peirce’s notion of the legisign, particularly proper names, sheds light on the habitual and conventional elements of what it means to be a person. In this paper, I begin with an account of what philosophers of language have said about proper names in order to distinguish Peirce’s theory of (...)
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  25.  26
    Equity and COVID‐19 treatment allocation: A questionable criterion.Eric Vogelstein & Guha Krishnamurthi - 2023 - Bioethics 37 (3):226-238.
    Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a controversial criterion for allocating scarce medical treatment has been defended and incorporated into policy: the criterion of equity. Equity-included allocation schemes prioritize, to some degree, patients from marginalized or historically disadvantaged racial/ethnic groups, or patients with low socioeconomic status, for scarce treatment. The use of such criteria has been most prominently defended in two ways: (1) as reflecting a risk factor for severe COVID-19, and thus as a way of tracking medical need, (...)
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  26.  41
    Commentary: What "Community Review" Can and Cannot Do.Eric T. Juengst - 2000 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 28 (1):52-54.
  27.  54
    Science, politics, and gnosticism: two essays.Eric Voegelin - 1968 - ;Lanham MD: National Book Newwok.. Edited by Eric Voegelin.
    Science, politics and gnosticism -- Ersatz religion.
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  28. Dementia and the identity of the person.Eric Matthews - 2005 - In Julian C. Hughes, Stephen J. Louw & Steven R. Sabat (eds.), Dementia: Mind, Meaning, and the Person. Oxford University Press.
     
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  29.  47
    (1 other version)On Philosophical Method.Eric Matthews & Hector-Neri Castaneda - 1982 - Philosophical Quarterly 32 (126):89.
  30.  20
    Non-Roman Catholic Physicians Should Be Permitted to Write Prescriptions for Birth Control in Roman Catholic Institutions.Eric J. James & Abram L. Brummett - 2021 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 32 (3):265-270.
    The legal and ethical asymmetry between honoring positive claims of conscience versus negative claims of conscience was recently analyzed by several articles in this journal. The first author of this article (ALB) identified unique but defeasible reasons against honoring positive claims of conscience, such as the greater threat they post to institutional values and institutional resources than negative claims of conscience. However, ALB wrote, when these reasons can be overcome, positive claims of conscience should enjoy the same ethical and legal (...)
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  31.  37
    Language as context, language as means: Spatial cognition and habitual language use.Eric Pederson - 1995 - Cognitive Linguistics 6 (1):33-62.
  32. Kant: Natural Science.Eric Watkins (ed.) - 2012 - Cambridge University Press.
    Though Kant is best known for his strictly philosophical works in the 1780s, many of his early publications in particular were devoted to what we would call 'natural science'. Kant's Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens made a significant advance in cosmology, and he was also instrumental in establishing the newly emerging discipline of physical geography, lecturing on it for almost his entire career. In this volume Eric Watkins brings together new English translations of Kant's first publication, (...)
     
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  33.  41
    Decision-making under ignorance with implications for social choice.Eric Maskin - 1979 - Theory and Decision 11 (3):319-337.
  34.  36
    (1 other version)Autonomy and the psychiatric patient.Eric Matthews - 2000 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 17 (1):59–70.
  35.  29
    Doing Office Work on the Motorway.Eric Laurier - 2004 - Theory, Culture and Society 21 (4-5):261-277.
    This article takes the motorway seriously as a place where the society of traffic can be found and studied. While many kinds of activities are done by drivers and passengers in parallel with driving on the motorway, such as listening to the radio, eating lunch or caring for, or being, children, I focus here on office work. Empirical material from a video-ethnography of one driver doing paperwork and overtaking a slow-moving vehicle ahead is used to examine in detail some of (...)
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  36. On the Parallels between Theoretical and Practical Rationality: Reply to Setiya.Eric Marcus - 2013 - Analysis 73 (3):512-525.
    Two principles are central to Rational Causation. Causalism: Believing and acting for a reason are causal phenomena in the sense that there is in both domains a causal connection between ground and grounded. Equivalence: There is a necessary connection between something's being the reason why I believe or act and my taking it to favour the belief or action. Kieran Setiya argues that Causalism is false in the theoretical case and that Equivalence is false in the practical case. I reply (...)
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  37. Twentieth-Century French Philosophy.Eric Matthews - 1999 - Philosophical Quarterly 49 (195):281-283.
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  38.  17
    Differential Social Network Effects on Scholarly Productivity: An Intersectional Analysis.Eric Welch, Julia Melkers & Monica Gaughan - 2018 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 43 (3):570-599.
    Academic productivity is realized through resources obtained from professional networks in which scientists are embedded. Using a national survey of academic faculty in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics fields across multiple institution types, we examine how the structure of professional networks affects scholarly productivity and how those effects may differ by race, ethnicity, and gender. We find that network size masks important differences in composition. Using negative binomial regression, we find that both the size and composition of professional networks affect (...)
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  39.  18
    Our flawed approach to undue inducement in medical research.Eric Lee - 2018 - Bioethics 33 (1):13-18.
    Some worry that offering too much money to participate in medical research can seduce people into participating against their better judgment. These overly attractive offers that impair judgment are often referred to as ‘undue inducements’. The current approach to prevent undue inducement is to limit the size of such offers. The hope is that smaller offers will not be attractive enough to impair judgment. Even if this is true, I argue that we should reject this solution. In Section 1, I (...)
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  40.  46
    Stories, autobiographies, and moral inquiry.Eric G. Wiland - 2003 - Journal of Social Philosophy 34 (2):188–198.
  41. Disambiguation, binding, and the unity of visual consciousness.Eric LaRock - 2007 - Theory and Psychology 17 (6):747-77.
    Recent findings in neuroscience strongly suggest that an object’s features (e.g., its color, texture, shape, etc.) are represented in separate areas of the visual cortex. Although represented in separate neuronal areas, somehow the feature representations are brought together as a single, unified object of visual consciousness. This raises a question of binding: how do neural activities in separate areas of the visual cortex function to produce a feature-unified object of visual consciousness? Several prominent neuroscientists have adopted neural synchrony and attention-based (...)
     
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  42.  34
    Merleau-Ponty: a guide for the perplexed.Eric Matthews - 2006 - New York, NY: Continuum.
    Phenomenology -- Perception -- Embodiment -- Behaviour -- Being human -- Time -- Other people, society, history -- Art and perception.
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  43. School social work redefined : alternative education program design.Eric Williams - 2017 - In Miriam Jaffe (ed.), Social work and K-12 schools casebook: phenomenological perspectives. New York, NY: Routledge.
     
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  44.  52
    The Aura of Recognition: Walter Benjamin and Kaja Silverman on the Aestheticization of Politics.Eric Entrican Wilson - 2000 - Theory and Event 4 (2).
  45.  37
    (1 other version)Donación de la vida y fenomenología de la percepción.Eric Pommier - 2017 - Revista de Filosofía 73:231-249.
    Planteamos el problema del aparecer de la hylè husserliana, lo que nos conduce al problema de la auto-donación de la vida como condición de una fenomenología de la percepción. Para solucionar este problema, establecemos las condiciones de un diálogo entre Michel Henry, que pone énfasis sobre la auto-afección de la vida inmanente, y Merleau-Ponty, que privilegia una concepción intencional del cuerpo mundano. Tal diálogo nos permite identificar un prejuicio común, cuya superación podría ofrecer la posibilidad de una solución al problema (...)
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  46. Ordine e storia.Eric Voegelin & Nicoletta Scotti Muth - 1994 - Rivista Internazionale di Filosofia Del Diritto 71 (3):517.
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  47.  30
    The Wrong Argument for a Bad Law.Eric Mathison - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (8):77-79.
    Kyle Fritz argues for the following conditional statement: if healthcare providers should be allowed to conscientiously object to providing abortions in jurisdictions where abortions...
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  48.  16
    (1 other version)Aux lecteurs.Éric Brian - 2002 - Revue de Synthèse 123 (1):1-5.
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  49.  26
    The Responsibilities and Dangers of Pragmatism.Eric Weber - 2009 - Philosophy in the Contemporary World 16 (1):123-129.
    John Lachs has argued that the value of academic philosophers rests not in their scholarly writing, but fundamentally in their ability to educate minds to be critical and open. In this paper, I show the continuity of this outlook on the work of philosophers with Lachs's stoic pragmatism. Stoic pragmatism is the view that the pragmatic optimism of thinkers like James, Royce, and Dewey must be tempered by a stoic acceptance of our limitations as human beings. While I support Lachs's (...)
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  50.  25
    De la dialectique objective.Eric Weil - forthcoming - Les Etudes Philosophiques.
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