Results for 'Dan Đaković'

966 found
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  1. From “thought and language” to “thinking for speaking”.Dan I. Slobin - 1996 - In John J. Gumperz & Stephen C. Levinson, Rethinking Linguistic Relativity. Cambridge University Press. pp. 70--96.
  2. The Later Mohists and Logic.Dan Robins - 2010 - History and Philosophy of Logic 31 (3):247-285.
    This article is a study of the Later Mohists' 'Lesser Selection (Xiaoqu)', which, more than any other early Chinese text, seems to engage in the study of logic. I focus on a procedure that the Mohists called mou . Arguments by mou are grounded in linguistic parallelism, implying perhaps that the Mohists were on the way to a formal analysis of argumentation. However, their main aim was to head off arguments by mou that targeted their own doctrines, and if their (...)
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  3.  40
    A Generative Constituent-Context Model for Improved Grammar Induction.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    We present a generative distributional model for the unsupervised induction of natural language syntax which explicitly models constituent yields and contexts. Parameter search with EM produces higher quality analyses than previously exhibited by unsupervised systems, giving the best published unsupervised parsing results on the ATIS corpus. Experiments on Penn treebank sentences of comparable length show an even higher F1 of 71% on nontrivial brackets. We compare distributionally induced and actual part-of-speech tags as input data, and examine extensions to the basic (...)
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  4.  24
    (1 other version)Fast Exact Inference with a Factored Model for Natural Language Parsing.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    We present a novel generative model for natural language tree structures in which semantic (lexical dependency) and syntactic (PCFG) structures are scored with separate models. This factorization provides conceptual simplicity, straightforward opportunities for separately improving the component models, and a level of performance comparable to similar, non-factored models. Most importantly, unlike other modern parsing models, the factored model admits an extremely effective A* parsing algorithm, which enables efficient, exact inference.
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  5.  33
    (1 other version)Natural Language Grammar Induction using a Constituent-Context Model.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    This paper presents a novel approach to the unsupervised learning of syntactic analyses of natural language text. Most previous work has focused on maximizing likelihood according to generative PCFG models. In contrast, we employ a simpler probabilistic model over trees based directly on constituent identity and linear context, and use an EM-like iterative procedure to induce structure. This method produces much higher quality analyses, giving the best published results on the ATIS dataset.
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  6. Rethinking Symbolism.Dan Sperber & Alice L. Morton - 1977 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 10 (4):281-282.
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  7. The Experiential Self: objections and clarifications.Dan Zahavi - 2011 - In Mark Siderits, Evan Thompson & Dan Zahavi, Self, no self?: perspectives from analytical, phenomenological, and Indian traditions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
     
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  8.  31
    Schoolteacher: A Sociological Study.Dan Clement Lortie - 1977 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Reviews the history of teaching in the United States over three hundred years, and describes aspects of recruitment, organization, and logic particular to the profession.
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  9.  34
    Parsing with Treebank Grammars: Empirical Bounds, Theoretical Models, and the Structure of the Penn Treebank.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    This paper presents empirical studies and closely corresponding theoretical models of the performance of a chart parser exhaustively parsing the Penn Treebank with the Treebank’s own CFG grammar. We show how performance is dramatically affected by rule representation and tree transformations, but little by top-down vs. bottom-up strategies. We discuss grammatical saturation, including analysis of the strongly connected components of the phrasal nonterminals in the Treebank, and model how, as sentence length increases, the effective grammar rule size increases as regions (...)
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  10. An Analysis of Intrinsicality.Dan Marshall - 2016 - Noûs 50 (4):704-739.
    The leading account of intrinsicality over the last thirty years has arguably been David Lewis's account in terms of perfect naturalness. Lewis's account, however, has three serious problems: i) it cannot allow necessarily coextensive properties to differ in whether they are intrinsic; ii) it falsely classifies non-qualitative properties like being Obama as non-intrinsic; and iii) it is incompatible with a number of metaphysical theories that posit irreducibly non-categorical properties. I argue that, as a result of these problems, Lewis's account should (...)
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  11.  30
    Conditional Structure versus Conditional Estimation in NLP Models.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    This paper separates conditional parameter estima- tion, which consistently raises test set accuracy on statistical NLP tasks, from conditional model struc- tures, such as the conditional Markov model used for maximum-entropy tagging, which tend to lower accuracy. Error analysis on part-of-speech tagging shows that the actual tagging errors made by the conditionally structured model derive not only from label bias, but also from other ways in which the independence assumptions of the conditional model structure are unsuited to linguistic sequences. The (...)
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  12. Unity of Consciousness and the Problem of Self.Dan Zahavi - 2011 - In Shaun Gallagher, The Oxford handbook of the self. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 316-338.
    This article argues in defence of the minimal self and discusses the phenomenological objection to the Buddhist no-self view. It considers the distinction made by Miri Albahari between two forms of the sense of body ownership: personal ownership and perspectival ownership. It suggests that there is an important contrast between this Buddhist conception and the phenomenological conception of nonegological consciousness as found by Edmund Husserl and Jean-Paul Sartre.
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  13.  65
    Language and thought online: Cognitive consequences of linguistic relativity.Dan I. Slobin - 2003 - In Dedre Gentner & Susan Goldin-Meadow, Language in Mind: Advances in the Study of Language and Thought. MIT Press. pp. 157--192.
  14. Conceptual problems in infantile autism research: Why cognitive science needs phenomenology.Dan Zahavi & Josef Parnas - 2003 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 10 (9-10):9-10.
    Until recently, cognitive research in infantile autism primarily focussed on the ability of autistic subjects to understand and predict the actions of others. Currently, researchers are also considering the capacity of autists to understand their own minds. In this article we discuss selected recent contributions to the theory of mind debate and the study of infantile autism, and provide an analysis of intersubjectivity and self-awareness that is informed both by empirical research and by work in the phenomenological tradition. This analysis (...)
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  15. The Varieties of Intrinsicality.Dan Marshall - 2014 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 92 (2):237-263.
    Intrinsicality is a central notion in metaphysics that can do important work in many areas of philosophy. It is not widely appreciated, however, that there are in fact a number of different notions of intrinsicality, and that these different notions differ in what work they can do. This paper discusses what these notions are, describes how they are related to each other, and argues that each of them can be analysed in terms of a single notion of intrinsic aboutness that (...)
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  16.  62
    The moists and the gentlemen of the world.Dan Robins - 2008 - Journal of Chinese Philosophy 35 (3):385-402.
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  17. Quality of Life Measures in Health Care and Medical Ethics.Dan Brock - 2001 - In John Harris, Bioethics. Oxford University Press.
     
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  18.  89
    Phenomenology of self.Dan Zahavi - 2003 - In Tilo Kircher & Anthony S. David, The Self in Neuroscience and Psychiatry. Cambridge University Press. pp. 56--75.
  19.  26
    A∗ parsing: Fast exact viterbi parse selection.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    A* PCFG parsing can dramatically reduce the time required to find the exact Viterbi parse by conservatively estimating outside Viterbi probabilities. We discuss various estimates and give efficient algorithms for computing them. On Penn treebank sentences, our most detailed estimate reduces the total number of edges processed to less than 3% of that required by exhaustive parsing, and even a simpler estimate which can be pre-computed in under a minute still reduces the work by a factor of 5. The algorithm (...)
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  20.  22
    Computing PageRank using Power Extrapolation.Dan Klein & Chris Manning - unknown
    Method by subtracting off the error along several nonprincipal eigenvectors from the current iterate of the Power Method, making use of known nonprincipal eigenvalues of the Web hyperlink matrix. Empirically, we show that using Power Extrapolation speeds up PageRank computation by 30% on a Web graph of 80 million nodes in realistic scenarios over the standard power method, in a way that is simple to understand and implement.
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  21.  24
    Interpreting and extending classical agglomerative clustering algorithms using a model-based approach.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    erative clustering. First, we show formally that the common heuristic agglomerative clustering algorithms – Ward’s method, single-link, complete-link, and a variant of group-average – are each equivalent to a hierarchical model-based method. This interpretation gives a theoretical explanation of the empirical behavior of these algorithms, as well as a principled approach to resolving practical issues, such as number of clusters or the choice of method. Second, we show how a model-based viewpoint can suggest variations on these basic agglomerative algorithms. We (...)
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  22.  67
    The Ideal of Shared Decision Making Between Physicians and Patients.Dan W. Brock - 1991 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 1 (1):28-47.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Ideal of Shared Decision Making Between Physicians and PatientsDan W. Brock (bio)IntroductionShared treatment decision making, with its division of labor between physician and patient, is a common ideal in medical ethics for the physician-patient relationship.1 Most simply put, the physician's role is to use his or her training, knowledge, and experience to provide the patient with facts about the diagnosis and about the prognoses without treatment and with (...)
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  23.  24
    Paul Ricoeur and the Task of Political Philosophy.Greg S. Johnson & Dan R. Stiver (eds.) - 2012 - Lexington Books.
    This book offers a sustained engagement with the political philosophy of Paul Ricoeur and demonstrates both the significance of the political in his own thinking throughout his career, and how his understanding of the political offers something valuable to current discussions of issues in political philosophy.
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  24.  55
    Xunzi.Dan Robins - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  25.  44
    (1 other version)Within the heart’s darkness: The role of emotions in Arendt’s political thought.Dan Degerman - 2016 - European Journal of Political Theory 18 (2):147488511664785.
    Interest in the political relevance of the emotions is growing rapidly. In light of this, Hannah Arendt’s claim that the emotions are apolitical has come under renewed fire. But many critics have misunderstood her views on the relationship between individuals, emotions and the political. This paper addresses this issue by reconstructing the conceptual framework through which Arendt understands the emotions. Arendt often describes the heart – where the emotions reside – as a place of darkness. I begin by tracing this (...)
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  26. Hypocrisy.Dan Turner - 1990 - Metaphilosophy 21 (3):262-269.
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  27.  77
    Why Modeling Cultural Evolution Is Still Such a Challenge.Dan Sperber & Nicolas Claidière - 2006 - Biological Theory 1 (1):20-22.
    The idea that cultural evolution exhibits variation, competition, and inheritance and therefore can be studied by adjusting the Darwinian theory of evolution by natural selection is an attractive one. It has been argued by a number of authors (e.g., Campbell 1960; Monod 1970; Dawkins 1976; Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman 1981; Boyd and Richerson 1985; Durham 1991; Aunger 2002; Mesoudi et al. 2004) and pursued in a variety of ways, some (Dawkins and memeticists) staying close to the Darwinian model, others (e.g., Boyd, (...)
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  28.  41
    Guest Editor' Introduction: How Social Foundations of Education Matters to Teacher Preparation: A Policy Brief.Dan W. Butin - 2005 - Educational Studies 38 (3):214-229.
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  29.  42
    Manners of human gait: a crosslinguistic event-naming study.Dan I. Slobin, Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano, Anetta Kopecka & Asifa Majid - 2014 - Cognitive Linguistics 25 (4).
    Name der Zeitschrift: Cognitive Linguistics Jahrgang: 25 Heft: 4 Seiten: 701-741.
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  30. Broadening the bioethics agenda.Dan W. Brock - 2000 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 10 (1):21-38.
    : Bioethics has focused principally on ethical issues arising in clinical medicine. When it has addressed justice or equity, it has focused on access to health care and on defending a general moral right to health care. This dual focus on establishing a right to health care and on health care rather than health has left bioethics largely silent on two issues of fundamental importance for a full account of justice and health. First, the focus on establishing a right to (...)
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  31.  87
    Justice and the severely demented elderly.Dan W. Brock - 1988 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 13 (1):73-99.
    In this paper I address the relation between just claims to health care and severe cognitive impairment from dementia. Two general approaches to justice in allocation of health care are distinguished – prudential allocation and interpersonal distribution. First, I analyze why a patient who has died has no further claims to health care. Second, I show why prudential allocators would not provide for health care treatment should they be in a persistent vegetative state. Third, I argue that the destruction of (...)
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  32.  70
    Manager Trustworthiness or Interactional Justice? Predicting Organizational Citizenship Behaviors.Dan S. Chiaburu & Audrey S. Lim - 2008 - Journal of Business Ethics 83 (3):453-467.
    Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) are essential for effective organizational functioning. Decisions by employees to engage in these important discretionary behaviors are based on how they make sense of the organizational context. Using fairness heuristic theory, we tested two important OCB predictors: manager trustworthiness and interactional justice. In the process, we control for the effects of dispositional factors (propensity to trust) and for system-based organizational fairness (procedural and distributive justice). Results, based on surveys collected from 120 employee–supervisor dyads, indicate that manager (...)
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  33.  47
    Good medical ethics: Table 1.Dan W. Brock - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (1):34-36.
  34. Hedonism.Dan Weijers - 2011 - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    The term "hedonism," from the Greek word ἡδονή (hēdonē) for pleasure, refers to several related theories about what is good for us, how we should behave, and what motivates us to behave in the way that we do. All hedonistic theories identify pleasure and pain as the only important elements of whatever phenomena they are designed to describe. If hedonistic theories identified pleasure and pain as merely two important elements, instead of the only important elements of what they are describing, (...)
     
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  35.  44
    The Bill of Rights and Rerum Novarum.Dan Regan - 1993 - Social Philosophy Today 8:295-309.
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  36.  16
    Metaphysics, Facticity, Interpretation: Phenomenology in the Nordic Countries.Dan Zahavi, Sara Heinämaa & Hans Ruin (eds.) - 2003 - Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    The past decade has witnessed a notable turn in philosophical orientation in the Nordic countries. For the first time, the North has a generation of philosophers who are oriented to phenomenology. This means a vital rediscovery of the phenomenological tradition as a partly hidden conceptual and methodological resource for taking on contemporary philosophical problems. The essays collected in the present volume introduce the reader to the phenomenological work done in the Nordic countries today. The material is organized under three general (...)
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  37.  64
    Conceptions of choice and conceptions of autonomy.Meir Dan-Cohen - 1992 - Ethics 102 (2):221-243.
  38.  17
    Public moral discourse.Dan W. Brock - 1995 - In Ruth Ellen Bulger, Elizabeth Meyer Bobby & Harvey V. Fineberg, Society's choices: social and ethical decision making in biomedicine. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. pp. 215--240.
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  39.  27
    Trumping Advance Directives.Dan W. Brock - 1991 - Hastings Center Report 21 (5):5-6.
  40.  35
    The Justification of Morality.Dan W. Brock - 1977 - American Philosophical Quarterly 14 (1):71 - 78.
  41.  27
    The Ørsted-Ritter partnership and the birth of Romantic natural philosophy.Dan Ch Christensen - 1995 - Annals of Science 52 (2):153-185.
    Summary Kant's critique of corpuscular theory created a tabula rasa situation in natural philosophy and opened up a vast new field of research, particularly related to the study of heat, light, electricity and magnetism. ?rsted introduced Kantian epistemology in Scandinavia and made friends with J. W. Ritter, an outstanding experimenter who was the first to make dynamical philosophy productive. The ?rsted?Ritter partnership aimed at the construction of a cosmology based on dynamical philosophy as well as galvanic interpretations of the Lichtenberg (...)
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  42.  21
    Is There One Right Answer to the Question of the Nature of Law?Dan Priel - 2013 - In Wilfrid J. Waluchow & Stefan Sciaraffa, Philosophical foundations of the nature of law. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. pp. 322.
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  43.  57
    Language Evolution: Constraints and Opportunities From Modern Genetics.Dan Dediu & Morten H. Christiansen - 2016 - Topics in Cognitive Science 8 (2):361-370.
    Our understanding of language, its origins and subsequent evolution, is shaped not only by data and theories from the language sciences, but also fundamentally by the biological sciences. Recent developments in genetics and evolutionary theory offer both very strong constraints on what scenarios of language evolution are possible and probable, but also offer exciting opportunities for understanding otherwise puzzling phenomena. Due to the intrinsic breathtaking rate of advancement in these fields, and the complexity, subtlety, and sometimes apparent non-intuitiveness of the (...)
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  44.  8
    Optimization of Pearl's method of conditioning and greedy-like approximation algorithms for the vertex feedback set problem.Ann Becker & Dan Geiger - 1996 - Artificial Intelligence 83 (1):167-188.
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  45.  57
    Cinematic Presupposition, Race, and Epistemological Twist Films.Dan Flory - 2010 - Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 68 (4):379-387.
  46.  74
    Putting Foucault to work in educational research.Dan W. Butin - 2006 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 40 (3):371–380.
    This essay reviews three books that engage the writings of Michel Foucault. It examines to what extent and in what ways Foucault has been made to ‘work’ in educational practice and research. It suggests that Foucault has been narrowly appropriated in a way that is, ultimately, ironic—namely, as either liberating us from or entrapping us within our culture's structures and practices. This essay concludes by suggesting that Foucault's work was an attempt to avoid and subvert exactly such binaries.
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  47. Editorial Introduction: The Study of Consciousness and the Reinvention of the Wheel.Dan Zahavi - 2004 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 11 (10-11):iv-vii.
    Many scientists have until recently considered consciousness to be unsuitable for scientific research. As Damasio remarks, 'studying consciousness was simply not the thing to do before you made tenure, and even after you did it was looked upon with suspicion' . Prompted by technological developments as well as conceptual changes, this attitude has changed within the last decade or so, and an explanation of consciousness is currently seen by many as one of the few remaining major unsolved problems of modern (...)
     
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  48. Experiencer Phrases, Predicates of Personal Taste and Relativism: On Cappelen and Hawthorne’s Critique of the Operator Argument.Dan Zeman - 2013 - Croatian Journal of Philosophy 13 (3):375-398.
    In the debate between relativism and contextualism about various expressions, the Operator Argument, initially proposed by Kaplan , has been taken to support relativism. However, one widespread reaction against the argument has taken the form of arguing against one assumption made by Kaplan: namely, that certain natural language expressions are best treated as sentential operators. Focusing on the only extant version of the Operator Argument proposed in connection to predicates of personal taste such as “tasty” and experiencer phrases such as (...)
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  49.  65
    Genetics and Confidentiality.Dan W. Brock - 2001 - American Journal of Bioethics 1 (3):34-35.
  50.  57
    The Prison and Its Metaphors.Dan Berger - 2010 - Chromatikon 6:89-100.
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