This book examines the issue of injustice, and our responses to it, in a range of contemporary contexts. In her ground-breaking book The Faces of Injustice (1990), Judith Shklar draws attention to our tendency to view injustice as an abnormality. Of course it is not: injustice is ubiquitous. But how should we respond to it? The book brings together leading legal and political theorists to explore the nature of injustice, its relationship to law, and responses to it, in a variety (...) of contexts. Their chapters cover issues such as protest, resistance, violence, the moral obligation to obey the law, civil disobedience, democratic reform, and transitional justice. They all, though, share a concern to examine such issues through a Shklar-inspired focus on injustice. This book will appeal to academics and advanced students in law, politics, and philosophy. The Open Access version of the Introduction, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. The Open Access version of the introduction was funded by University of Sydney Library. (shrink)

_The Impertinent Self_ provides a philosophical and cultural theory of modernity by constructing a parallel between the philosophical self and the hero figure found in certain cinematic genres. Früchtl argues that modernity is not unified and should be conceived as a phenomenon consisting of three strata: the classical, the agonist, and the hybrid. He demonstrates this by following a dual trajectory: the shift in the concept of the self from German idealism to Romanticism and so-called postmodernism, and the evolution of (...) the hero figure in the Western and in crime and science fiction movies. Früchtl takes a clear position within the ongoing discussion in the humanities and social sciences about modernity, a discussion that, in light of the work of Foucault, Lyotard, and Habermas, has too often neglected the importance of Romanticism. Similarly, he embraces the role of film and popular culture in modern society. (shrink)

Is there a cognitive faculty dedicated to the moral domain? Mark Johnson has developed a number of arguments against the existence of such a faculty. I claim that these arguments are not persuasive and that there may be a moral faculty.

Baumard et al. attribute to humans a sense of fairness. However, the properties of this sense are so underspecified that the evolutionary account offered is not well-motivated. We contrast this with the framework of Universal Moral Grammar, which has sought a descriptively adequate account of the structure of the moral domain as a precondition for understanding the evolution of morality.

Gilles Deleuze and belief in the world -- A struggle against oneself: cinema as technology of the self -- The evidence of film and the presence of the world: Jean-Luc Nancy's cineastic ontology -- Cinema as human art: rescuing aura in gesture -- Exhibiting or presenting?: politics, aesthetics and mysticism in Benjamin's and Deleuze's concepts of cinema -- Made and yet true: on the aesthetics of presence of the heroic -- An art of gesture: returning narrative and movement to images (...) -- It is if we could trust: fiction and aesthetics of the political -- All you need is love: Cavell and the comedy of remarriage of film and philosophy. (shrink)

Attentional bias towards threat can be demonstrated by enhanced processing of threat-related targets and/or greater interference when threat-related distractors are present. These effects are argued to reflect processing within the orienting and executive control networks of the brain respectively. This study investigated behavioural and electrophysiological correlates of early selective attention and top-down attentional control among females with high or low spider fear. Participants completed a novel flanker go/nogo task in which a central schematic flower or spider stimulus was flanked by (...) either congruent or incongruent distractors. Participants responded to green stimuli and withheld response to yellow stimuli. High fear participants demonstrated significantly shorter reaction times and greater P1 amplitude to spider targets, suggesting specific hypervigilance towards threat-relevant stimuli. In contrast to predictions, there was little evidence for behavioural interference effects or differences in N2 amplitude when distractor stimuli were threat-relevant. (shrink)

We present a one per cent measurement of the cosmic distance scale from the detections of the baryon acoustic oscillations in the clustering of galaxies from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, which is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. Our results come from the Data Release 11 sample, containing nearly one million galaxies and covering approximately 8500 square degrees and the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.7. We also compare these results with those from the publicly released (...) DR9 and DR10 samples. Assuming a concordance Λ cold dark matter cosmological model, the DR11 sample covers a volume of 13 Gpc3 and is the largest region of the Universe ever surveyed at this density. We measure the correlation function and power spectrum, including density-field reconstruction of the BAO feature. The acoustic features are detected at a significance of over 7σ in both the correlation function and power spectrum. Fitting for the position of the acoustic features measures the distance relative to the sound horizon at the drag epoch, rd, which has a value of rd,fid = 149.28 Mpc in our fiducial cosmology. We find DV = at z = 0.32 and DV = at z = 0.57. At 1.0 per cent, this latter measure is the most precise distance constraint ever obtained from a galaxy survey. Separating the clustering along and transverse to the line of sight yields measurements at z = 0.57 of DA = and H =. Our measurements of the distance scale are in good agreement with previous BAO measurements and with the predictions from cosmic microwave background data for a spatially flat CDM model with a cosmological constant. © 2014 The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. (shrink)

David Kirkby argues that I have misrepresented Marc Hauser's conception of a moral faculty, in a way that invalidates my chief arguments against the existence and necessity of such a faculty. The core of Kirkby's challenge is that what Hauser lists as necessary conditions for the moral faculty to do its work are not themselves components of that faculty. I argue that there is no useful way to distinguish necessary conditions of moral judgments from the alleged moral faculty (...) itself, and that even if we could do this, we would be left with an empty non-explanation of the supposed moral faculty that amounts to nothing more than the claim that we have a faculty that generates judgments of right versus wrong. (shrink)

This essay brings psychoanalytic theory on trauma together with film and television criticism on rape narrative in an analysis of Michael Coel’s 2020 series I May Destroy You. Beyond the limited carceral framework of the police procedural, which dislocates the act of violence from the survivor’s history and context, Coel’s polyvalent, looping narrative metabolizes rape television’s forms and genres in order to stage and restage both trauma and genre again and anew. Contesting common conceptions of vulnerability and susceptibility (...) that prefigure a violent breach of autonomy, Coel’s series and her interviews about it invite an ethics of looking that embraces a curiosity in the unknowable and untreatable kernel of subjective experience and defies and resists a policing of the survivor’s thoughts and emotions. By emphasizing and exploring what psychoanalysis calls the “afterwardness” of trauma, Coel foregrounds her main character’s subjectivity prior to her victimization, widens the sphere of consequence beyond the victim and criminal justice system to the survivor’s larger community, and entreats that community to preserve a space for her to look and look again at everything, without judgment. (shrink)

Les émissions monétaires en argent des Séleucides en Coelé Syrie et en Phénicie, après la conquête de la province en 200, ne manquent pas de surprendre. Antiochos III n'y frappa pas de monnaies en ce métal. Ses premiers successeurs ouvrirent un atelier à Antioche-Aké-Ptolémaïs, mais les tétradrachmes de poids attique, aux types séleucides habituels, qu'ils y produisirent ne circulèrent pas dans la province, comme en témoignent les trésors. Pendant la lre moitié du 11e siècle, le numéraire lagide continua d'être utilisé. (...) À partir de 150, Alexandre Bala et les rois suivants frappèrent dans plusieurs ateliers un monnayage d'aspect inattendu : des espèces au portrait et au nom du roi séleucide, mais de poids lagide et montrant au revers l'aigle ptolémaïque sur un foudre. Cette étude cherche à expliquer les raisons d'un tel comportement, qui eut pour effet de laisser monétairement la Coelé Syrie et la Phénicie à l'écart des autres provinces du royaume. (shrink)

In general parlance the term sin has lost its existential meaning. Originally a Jewish-Christian term within a purely religious context, referring to a wrongdoing with regard to God, sin has slowly become reduced to guilt in the course of the secularization process. Guilt refers to a wrongdoing, especially with regard to fellow human beings. It also refers to errors of judgement with what can be tragic consequences. These errors can occur whenever human beings are called upon to act, including the (...) hospital environment. A Christian hospital has to address the issue of how to deal not only with guilt-ridden misdemeanors, but also with wrongdoing unto God, which overshadows every instance of guilt-ridden human behavior. Here, as in every parish, the Church Service is the place to acknowledge sin, confess sin, and forgive sin, beyond the boundaries of the parish itself. Article translated by Sarah L. Kirkby, B.A. Hons. (shrink)

Noticing that, in The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir deftly describes patriarchy as a male sensorium encompassing vision, smell, touch, taste, and sound, this article focuses on the way feminist directors utilize sound in film and television. Three examples—Chantal Akerman’s 1968 Blow Up My Town, Emerald Fennell’s 2020 Promising Young Woman, and Michaela Coel’s 2020 I May Destroy You—show how feminist media showcases the white noise of patriarchy to reorient the ears of its audience to hear the way feminists (...) do. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:G. E STOUT AND THE THEORY OF DESCRIPTIONS ALASDAIR URQUHART Philosophy / Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada M5S rAr R ussell's famous essay "On Denoting" is rightly considered one of the fundamental sources of modern analytic philosophy. The literature of commentary and exegesis devoted to this one short paper is vast. The present note discusses the background ~6 the writing of the paper, and some questions connected with its reception.l (...) I. HOW "ON DENOTING" WAS WRITTEN We know more about the writing of OD than about most of the other short works from the early period of Russell's career. Russell chronicled his progress on the paper very clearly in his manuscripts and correspondence. The first indication ofthe new theory is in the unpublished manuscript "On Fundamentals" (Papers 4: 359-413). This manuscript is dated 1905, to which the note "Begun June 7" has been added; a marginal note on the first leafof the manuscript reads: "Pp. 18ff. contain the reasons for the new theory ofdenoting." This note refers to the series of numbered paragraphs beginning on folio 18, in which the new theory gradually emerges (Papers 4: 369£). On 13 June, Russell wrote Lucy Donnelly about his newideas, and presented her with the famous puzzle about George IV and the author of waverley (Auto. I: 177). The article itselfwas written at the end ofJuly 1905, under peculiarly trying circumstances. On 23 July 1905, Russell wrote in a letter to Louis 1 I would like to thank the Editor ofRussellfor very useful suggestions and for supplying historical information, and Sheila Turcon for correcting my transcription of Stout's letter. russell: the Journal of the Bertrand Russdl Archives McMaster University Library Press n.s. 14 (wimer 1994-95): 163-71 ism 0036-01631 164 ALASDAIR URQUHART Couturat: "As for existence, I shall be able to explain my opinion better when I have written my article (On Denoting Phrases'." On 3August he reported to Lucy Donnelly that she would be able to find the answer to the puzzle in his new paper: "I have written an article on George N for Mind, which will appear in due course; there you will find the (answer' " (Auto. I: 178). We can conclude from this that the article was written within a twelve-day period towards the end oOuly. This is not surprising in itself, given Russell's facility in writing. It becomes surprising if we put it together with the other events in Russell's life at that time. On Tuesday 25 July, one of Russell's closest friends, Theodore Llewelyn Davies, drowned in a pool on the fells near Kirkby Lonsdale, where his father was vicar. He had apparently struck his head on diving in, while on his way to the railway station. He was thirty-four years old. His brother Crompton, who had been particularly close to Theodore, sent the news to Russell in a note dated 27 July 1905 (Auto. 1: 195)· Theodore and Crompton were among the nrst friends Russell made at Cambridge; his reminiscences of the two brothers overflow with admiration and affection (Auto. I: 57-63). Russell had intended to visit Ireland for two weeks with AIys, where they had planned a visit with the Monteagles. 2 On 27 July, Russell wrote in a letter to Louis Couturat that he and Alys would be in Ireland from 29 July to 10 August. The news ofTheodore's death altered these plans. After accompanying AIys to Ireland, Russell returned to London to be·with Crompton. In his note of 27July, Crompton had told Russell: "I shall be back in London on Monday. Let me see you some time soon." On Tuesday, 1 August, Russell wrote again to Couturat from I, Barton Street,3 the quiet out-of-the-way street near Westminster Abbey where Crompton had lived with Theodore: "I just received your letter and postcard (in 1 Thomas Spring-Rice (1849-1926), 2nd Baron Monteagle, had literary and political interests and was the brother-in-law ofthe historian, Sir George Prothero, whom Russdl also knew. The next year The Limerick Chronicle for 28 August noted the Russells' presence at a house party given by the Monteagles and attended by... (shrink)

Série de l’ère #MeToo, I May Destroy You de Michaela Coel montre que la violence est une potentialité inhérente à la relation sexuelle. Le viol n’est pas le problème spécifique de la série, mais plutôt le cas extrême et paradigmatique qui donne lieu à une problématisation plus générale de la sexualité ordinaire, en une famille de cas hétérogènes. Le point culminant de la série est la manière dont elle transmue le genre du « Rape and Revenge », en substituant (...) à la vengeance des formes politiques d’action, par la puissance du récit et de la parole publique. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:86 HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY lamblichi Chalcidensis ex Coele-Syria de vita Pythagorica liber, lamblichos, Pythagoras. Legende--Lehre---Lebensgestaltung. Griechisch und Deutsch, herausgegeben, iibersetzt und eingeleitet von Michael yon Albrecht. (Ziirich & Stuttgart: Artemis, 1963. Pp. 280. = Die Bibliothek der Alten Welt, Reihe Antike und Christentum.) The present edition and translation again makes available one of the texts most valuable for the understanding of the world of late antiquity. The earlier editions, (...) especially that of L. Deubner (1937), are out of print. The fact that this document has been translated into German for the first time is also very helpful, since Iamblichos is sometimes difficult to understand. A brief but nevertheless informative introduction rightly emphasizes that Iamblichos intended to present an introduction and initiation into the Pythagorean way of life rather than a biography of Pythagoras based upon historically trustworthy materials. Although the biography of Pythagoras is certainly a part of the book, it serves only as the ideal example of the Pythagorean way of life, as Iaznblichos sees it. However, more than merely a work of Iamblichos, it ought to be recognized as a "fundamental document of the image of man in later antiquity" (p. 11). The text is based upon L. Deubner's edition, but occasionally it takes up older conjectures or returns to the tradition (for a more detailed discussion cf. W. Burkert, Gnomon 37, 1965, 24ff.). The index and the explanatory notes are also helpful, although the latter prove to be too brief and do not adequately call the reader's attention to the problems of sources, tradition, and composition. One can only agree with von Albrecht that we still need a modem commentary (p. I1). H. D. BETZ Claremont, CaliIornia Agrippa and the Crisis o] Renaissance Thought. By Charles G. Nauert, Jr. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1965. Pp. vi W 374. $8.00.) One of the most influential and widely read thinkers of the early sixteenth century was the German Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettisheim (1486-1535). His many works were reprinted often, as well as being translated into several vernacular languages. The De incertitudine et vanitate omnium scientiarum et atrium of 1526, for example, went through at least 16 printings before 1700 and appeared in Italian (1547), English (1569), French (1582), and Dutch (1651) translations, which were themselves often reprinted. Although interest in Agrippa has waned somewhat since the seventeenth century, there is still a significant amount of scholarly debate regarding his importance and the meaning of his writings. Professor Nauert's monograph is the fruit of many years' study of Agrippa's life, thought, and milieu. In it he clearly places Agrippa in his historical context, accurately sketching his background and influence. After a brief introduction (pp. 1-7), the study is essentially divided into two parts: The first (pp. 8-115) traces Agrippa's life and intellectual development, the second (pp. 116-334) discusses in some detail a number of the key themes developed in his writings. There is also a substantial bibliography (pp. 335-,355) and a quite complete and accurate index (pp. 357-374). Although the mass of material which Nanert brings to our attention indicates the opposite, one sometimes gets the impression that the author tends to underestimate the importance of his subject. For example, he says, "Agrippa von Nettisheim is now a forgotten figure in the intellectual history of the West" (p. 322), but this does not seem to be the case. Although much work remains to be done, at least five books have been devoted to Agrippa in the past half century and, indeed, at least seven articles have appeared in the past ten years on one or another aspect of his life and thought. The very fact that Nanert can argue with so much vigor against the views of contemporary scholars like Lynn Thomdike and Paola Zambelli indicates that it is anything but a dead issue. As it is, Nauert's book clearly and accurately describes Agrippa's place in the intellectual ambiance of the sixteenth century. It gives the first detailed analysis of Agrippa's life and thought in English in recent BOOK REVIEWS 87 times and is the first full*scale attempt to exhaustively treat... (shrink)

ABSTRACT At some point between 1684 and 1698 a Dartmouth tradesman started to perform experiments with the power of steam in his workshop. In the course of this investigation Thomas Newcomen discovered how to cause a partial vacuum by rapid condensation under a piston and incorporated this prime mover within an engine that was consistently reliable and proved commercially viable for draining mines. Consensus is that his initial apparatus was partly derived from an air pump, however historians have debated how (...) this isolated ironmonger could have garnered sufficient theoretical understanding to pursue such a line of enquiry, let alone the know-how to make suitable devices and mechanisms. Just how remote was Newcomen from London ‘science’? This paper examines his relational connections, identifying potential links with Denis Papin, Robert Hooke and an authority on mine pumps, Christopher Kirkby. The case of Newcomen illustrates the proliferation of modern ideas and values through relational networks, and, most importantly, the know-how to innovate. (shrink)

In this article, I argue that gendered abuse is only defined as such within certain institutional configurations and norms (and the language in which the norms are expressed). Consequently, the absence or deficiency of a particular structure for identifying or naming abuse _is_ itself a kind of abuse, both deeply personal in its effects, but institutional in its nature. I call this phenomenon “discursive cornering.” To build this argument, I draw from work on the concept of consent by two feminist (...) political thinkers: nonfiction writer Melissa Febos and television creator Michaela Coel. I examine Febos’ essay “Thank You for Taking Care of Yourself” on the politics of what she terms “empty consent,” a descriptor she uses to detail how patriarchal structures can pressure women into reluctantly agreeing to their own oppression. I analyze Coel’s critically acclaimed HBO series “I May Destroy You” to show that what constitutes rape, sexual assault, and abuse is always defined within particular legal structures, which are themselves embedded in diverse political climates. I show that understandings of abuse must acknowledge the structures that define abuse, and we must remember that those structures can also themselves be abusive. Otherwise, we are unable to understand how survivors’ agency works without implicitly minimizing harm. (shrink)

The incursions of Ptolemy Soter into Coelê-Syria and Phoenicia after the death of Perdiccas have received scant attention from scholars in recent years, and the little they have received has failed to draw some vital conclusions. The sources are compressed, but unanimous, that very soon after the settlement of Triparadeisus, Ptolemy subverted and overran the region, fortified and garrisoned the cities, and returned to Egypt. He seems to have held this satrapy until it became a major arena in the third (...) Diadoch war, c. 315–311 B.C. (shrink)