Results for 'Chris Ralston'

971 found
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  1.  22
    Prenatal Genetic Testing.Chris Ralston - 2001 - Hastings Center Report 31 (2):4.
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  2.  42
    Exploring the educational aspirations–expectations gap in eighth grade students: implications for educational interventions and school reform.Chris Michael Kirk, Rhonda K. Lewis, Angela Scott, Denise Wren, Corinne Nilsen & Deltha Q. Colvin - 2012 - Educational Studies 38 (5):507-519.
    Over the past three decades, more and more students are expressing a desire to attend college, yet for many members of disenfranchised groups, this goal is often not attained. While many factors contribute to these disparities, research has shown that students begin adjusting their expectations (what they think they can achieve) for the future in relation to their idealised aspirations (what they would like to achieve). The current study explores this gap among 207 eighth grade students from two urban middle (...)
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  3.  69
    Quantum cosmology and the hard problem of the conscious brain.Chris King - 2006 - In Jack A. Tuszynski, The Emerging Physics of Consciousness. Springer Verlag. pp. 407--456.
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  4. The response of teachers to new subject areas in a national science curriculum: The case of the earth science component.Chris King - 2001 - Science Education 85 (6):636-664.
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  5. Structural representation and surrogative reasoning.Chris Swoyer - 1991 - Synthese 87 (3):449 - 508.
    It is argued that a number of important, and seemingly disparate, types of representation are species of a single relation, here called structural representation, that can be described in detail and studied in a way that is of considerable philosophical interest. A structural representation depends on the existence of a common structure between a representation and that which it represents, and it is important because it allows us to reason directly about the representation in order to draw conclusions about the (...)
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  6. A Role for Mathematics in the Physical Sciences.Chris Pincock - 2007 - Noûs 41 (2):253-275.
    Conflicting accounts of the role of mathematics in our physical theories can be traced to two principles. Mathematics appears to be both (1) theoretically indispensable, as we have no acceptable non-mathematical versions of our theories, and (2) metaphysically dispensable, as mathematical entities, if they existed, would lack a relevant causal role in the physical world. I offer a new account of a role for mathematics in the physical sciences that emphasizes the epistemic benefits of having mathematics around when we do (...)
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  7. Wrongful beneficence: Exploitation and third world sweatshops.Chris Meyers - 2004 - Journal of Social Philosophy 35 (3):319–333.
  8.  75
    Ralph Wedgwood, the nature of normativity.Chris Alen Sula - 2008 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 11 (2):227-228.
  9. Relativism.Chris Swoyer - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  10. How ontology might be possible: Explanation and inference in metaphysics.Chris Swoyer - 1999 - Midwest Studies in Philosophy 23 (1):100–131.
  11. Theories of properties: From plenitude to paucity.Chris Swoyer - 1996 - Philosophical Perspectives 10:243 - 264.
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  12. If You 're So Smart, Why Are You under Surveillance? Universities, Neoliberalism, and New Public Management'.Chris Lorenz - 2012 - Critical Inquiry 38 (3):599-629.
    Although universities have undergone changes since the dawn of their existence, the speed of change started to accelerate remarkably in the 1960s. Spectacular growth in the number of students and faculty was immediately followed by administrative reforms aimed at managing this growth and managing the demands of students for democratic reform and societal relevance. Since the 1980s, however, an entirely different wind has been blowing along the academic corridors. The fiscal crisis of the welfare states and the neoliberal course of (...)
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  13.  92
    Expansions of dense linear orders with the intermediate value property.Chris Miller - 2001 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 66 (4):1783-1790.
  14.  63
    Alternative Medicine and the Ethics Of Commerce.Chris Macdonald & Scott Gavura - 2016 - Bioethics 30 (2):77-84.
    Is it ethical to market complementary and alternative medicines? Complementary and alternative medicines are medical products and services outside the mainstream of medical practice. But they are not just medicines offered and provided for the prevention and treatment of illness. They are also products and services – things offered for sale in the marketplace. Most discussion of the ethics of CAM has focused on bioethical issues – issues having to do with therapeutic value, and the relationship between patients and those (...)
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  15.  19
    Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical.Chris Matthew Sciabarra - 2013 - University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.
    Analyzes the intellectual roots and philosophy of Ayn Rand. Second edition adds a new preface and an analysis of transcripts documenting Rand's education at Petrograd State University"--Provided by publisher.
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  16. Kant’s Postulate of the Immortality of the Soul.Chris W. Surprenant - 2008 - International Philosophical Quarterly 48 (1):85-98.
    In the Critique of Practical Reason, Kant grounds his postulate for the immortality of the soul on the presupposed practical necessity of the will’s endless progress toward complete conformity with the moral law. Given the important role that this postulate plays in Kant’s ethical and political philosophy, it is hard to understand why it has received relatively little attention. It is even more surprising considering the attention given to his other postulates of practical reason: the existence of God and freedom. (...)
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  17.  72
    Overextending Partial Structures: Idealization and Abstraction.Chris Pincock - 2005 - Philosophy of Science 72 (5):1248-1259.
    The partial structures program of da Costa, French and others offers a unified framework within which to handle a wide range of issues central to contemporary philosophy of science. I argue that the program is inadequately equipped to account for simple cases where idealizations are used to construct abstract, mathematical models of physical systems. These problems show that da Costa and French have not overcome the objections raised by Cartwright and Suárez to using model-theoretic techniques in the philosophy of science. (...)
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  18.  42
    Will the "Secular Priests" of Bioethics Work Among the Sinners?Chris MacDonald - 2003 - American Journal of Bioethics 3 (2):36-39.
    In this paper, I explore briefly the "secular priesthood" metaphor often applied to bioethicists. I next ask: if, despite our discomfort with the metaphor, we were to embrace the best aspects of the priesthood(s) ? which I identify as the missionaries' willingness to work among sinners and lepers, at their own peril ? would we be able to live up to that standard of bravery? I then draw a parallel with the fears of contagion currently be voiced (by Carl Elliott (...)
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  19. Divine hiddenness and the value of divine–creature relationships.Chris Tucker - 2008 - Religious Studies 44 (3):269-287.
    Apparently, relationships between God (if He exists) and His creatures would be very valuable. Appreciating this value raises the question of whether it can motivate a certain premise in John Schellenberg’s argument from divine hiddenness, a premise which claims, roughly, that if some capable, non-resistant subject fails to believe in God, then God does not exist. In this paper, I argue that the value of divine–creature relationships can justify this premise only if we have reason to believe that the counterfactuals (...)
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  20. Araucaria as a tool for diagramming arguments in teaching and studying philosophy.Douglas Walton with Chris Reed - manuscript
     
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  21.  91
    Rescuing the Baby From the Triple-Bottom-Line.Chris MacDonald & Wayne Norman - 2007 - Business Ethics Quarterly 17 (1):111-114.
    We respond to Moses Pava’s defense of the “Triple Bottom Line” (3BL) concept against our earlier criticisms. We argue that, pacePava, the multiplicity of measures (and units of measure) that go into evaluating ethical performance cannot reasonably be compared to the handful of standard methods for evaluating financial performance. We also question Pava’s claim that usage of the term “3BL” is somehow intended to be ironical or subversive.
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  22.  15
    Notes on notes on notes.Tyson E. Lewis & Chris Moffett - 2021 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 53 (13):1359-1387.
    More often than not, notes are conceptualized as a technology for helping students stay focused on and attentive to subject matter deemed educationally valuable. This article concerns itself, however, with how notes may interrupt and render inoperative this learning function. To probe the question of attention and distraction, the authors devised an experiment in note taking. Our question is whether or not these forms of rendering the learning function of notes inoperative have any educational value. In conclusion, we suggest that (...)
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  23.  81
    Corporate Decisions about Labelling Genetically Modified Foods.Chris MacDonald & Melissa Whellams - 2007 - Journal of Business Ethics 75 (2):181-189.
    This paper considers whether individual companies have an ethical obligation to label their Genetically Modified (GM) foods. GM foods and ingredients pervade grocery store shelves, despite the fact that a majority of North Americans have worries about eating those products. The market as whole has largely failed to respond to consumer preference in this regard, as have North American governments. A number of consumer groups, NGO’s, and activist organizations have urged corporations to label their GM products. This paper asks whether, (...)
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  24.  44
    (1 other version)The stakeholder corporation.Chris E. Metcalfe - 1998 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 7 (1):30–36.
    The stakeholder debate continues unabated in Britain in various arenas of public life and activity. “While recognising the societal holism of the stakeholder concept this article concentrates on the debate at a business level, discussing whether stakeholding is ethical, attainable, or even appropriate to business corporations”. The author is completing his MBA at London Business School and has a background of consulting in organisational and IT analysis.
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  25.  63
    Translating Toulmin Diagrams: Theory Neutrality in Argument Representation.Chris Reed & Glenn Rowe - 2005 - Argumentation 19 (3):267-286.
    The Toulmin diagram layout is very familiar and widely used, particularly in the teaching of critical thinking skills. The conventional box-and-arrow diagram is equally familiar and widespread. Translation between the two throws up a number of interesting challenges. Some of these challenges (such as the relationship between Toulmin warrants and their counterparts in traditional diagrams) represent slightly different ways of looking at old and deep theoretical questions. Others (such as how to allow Toulmin diagrams to be recursive) are diagrammatic versions (...)
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  26. Charitable conflicts of interest.Chris MacDonald, Michael McDonald & Wayne Norman - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 39 (1-2):67 - 74.
    This paper looks at conflicts of interest in the not-for-profit sector. It examines the nature of conflicts of interest and why they are of ethical concern, and then focuses on the way not-for-profit organisations are especially prone to and vulnerable to conflict-of-interest scandals. Conflicts of interest corrode trust; and stakeholder trust (particularly from donors) is the lifeblood of most charities. We focus on some specific challenges faced by charitable organisations providing funding for scientific (usually medical) research, and examine a case (...)
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  27.  29
    Silence and Contradiction in the Jaina Saptabhaṅgī.Chris Rahlwes - 2023 - Journal of Indian Philosophy 51 (4):473-513.
    The Jaina saptabhaṅgī (seven angles of analysis or types of sentences) has drawn the attention of non-classical logicians due to its unique use of negation, contradiction, and avaktavya (‘unutterable’). In its most basic structure, the saptabhaṅgī appears as: (i) in a certain sense, P; (ii) in a certain sense, not P; (iii) in a certain sense, P and not P; (iv) in a certain sense, inexpressibility of P; (v) in a certain sense, P and inexpressibility of P; (vi) in a (...)
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  28.  75
    Can histories be true? Narrativism, positivism, and the "metaphoricalturn".Chris Lorenz - 1998 - History and Theory 37 (3):309–329.
    Narrativism, as represented by Hayden White and Frank Ankersmit, can fruitfully be analyzed as an inversion of two brands of positivism. First, narrativist epistemology can be regarded as an inversion of empiricism. Its thesis that narratives function as metaphors which do not possess a cognitive content is built on an empiricist, "picture view" of knowledge. Moreover, all the non-cognitive aspects attributed to narrative as such are dependent on this picture theory of knowledge and a picture theory of representation. Most of (...)
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  29.  28
    Applications of Argumentation Schemes.Chris Reed & Doug Walton - unknown
  30.  11
    Mapping the Main Roads to Fairness: Examining the Managerial Context of Fairness Promotion.Chris P. Long - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 137 (4):757-783.
    This paper explores the managerial context surrounding fairness promotion using a multi-method examination that employs interviews and a survey of practicing managers. The results of these examinations describe how managers tend to focus their efforts to promote fairness on fairly allocating rewards and responsibilities, accurately and consistently applying organizational policies and providing representation and understanding to their subordinates around key organizational issues. Analyses of the interview and survey data show how managers’ efforts to promote employee development, enact managerial propriety, and (...)
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  31.  72
    The limits of change.Chris Mortensen - 1985 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 63 (1):1 – 10.
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  32.  47
    The Practice of Spencerian Science: Patrick Geddes's Biosocial Program, 1876–1889.Chris Renwick - 2009 - Isis 100 (1):36-57.
    From the Victorian era to our own, critics of Herbert Spencer have portrayed his science‐based philosophical system as irrelevant to the concerns of practicing scientists. Yet, as a number of scholars have recently argued, an extraordinary range of reformist and experimental projects across the human and life sciences took their bearings from Spencer's work. This essay examines Spencerian science as practiced by the biologist, sociologist, and town planner Patrick Geddes (1854–1932). Through a close examination of his experimental natural history of (...)
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  33.  46
    Thinking Through Philosophy: An Introduction.Emrys Westacott & Chris Horner - 2000 - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Edited by Emrys Westacott.
    Chris Horner and Emrys Westacott present a clear and accessible introduction to some of the central problems of philosophy through challenging and stimulating the reader to think beyond the conventional answers to fundamental questions. No previous knowledge is assumed, and in lively and provocative chapters the authors invite the reader to explore questions about the nature of science, religion, ethics, politics, art, the mind, the self, knowledge and truth. Each chapter includes inset boxes providing links to classic philosophy texts (...)
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  34. Managing cross cultural business ethics.Chris J. Moon & Peter Woolliams - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 27 (1-2):105 - 115.
    The Trompenaars database (1993) updated with Hampden-Turner (1998) has been assembled to help managers structure their cross cultural experiences in order to develop their competence for doing business and managing across the world. The database comprises more than 50,000 cases from over 100 countries and is one of the world's richest sources of social constructs. Woolliams and Trompenaars (1998) review the analysis undertaken by the authors in the last five years to develop the methodological approach underpinning the work. Recently Trompenaars (...)
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  35.  31
    Rorty, Science Studies, and the Politics of Post-Truth.Chris Voparil - 2022 - Common Knowledge 28 (3):402-423.
    In a symposium built around a critical reassessment by Nicholas Gaskill of Richard Rorty's pragmatism, this contribution examines the provocative question of whether Rorty's rhetoric hinders Rortian aims. When reconsidering him in company with “the philosophical wing of science studies” (Bruno Latour, Isabelle Stengers, and Donna Haraway), Gaskill finds that Rorty's persistent assumption of nature/culture and word/world dichotomies is politically dangerous and prevents his comprehending both distributed agency and the complexity of human entanglements with the nonhuman. Gaskill's Rorty lacks a (...)
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  36.  63
    Ethics, deception and labor negotiation.Chris Provis - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 28 (2):145 - 158.
    There has been widespread emphasis on the importance of trust amongst parties to the employment relationship, associated with a call for increased "integrative bargaining". Trust is bound up with ethical action, but there has been some debate about the ethics of deception in bargaining. Because it is possible for cooperative bargainers to be exploited, some writers contend that deceptive behavior is ethical and established practice. There are several problems about that view. It is questionable how clear and uniform such a (...)
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  37. Ethics and genetics: Susceptibility testing in the workplace.Chris MacDonald & Bryn Williams-Jones - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 35 (3):235-241.
    Genetic testing in the workplace is a technology both full of promise and fraught with ethical peril. Though not yet common, it is likely to become increasingly so. We survey the key arguments in favour of such testing, along with the most significant ethical worries. We further propose a set of pragmatic criteria, which, if met, would make it permissible for employers to offer (but not to require) workplace genetic testing.
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  38.  80
    Relevance and verisimilitude.Chris Mortensen - 1983 - Synthese 55 (3):353-364.
    Popper's definition looked initially promising provided that the restriction of classical logic was removed. As we have seen, this promise is not fulfilled. The search for a satisfactory verisimilitude ordering must therefore be pursued along more mainstream lines. The present exercise ought, however, to make us aware of the possibility that breakdowns of proposed definitions might only occur because of strictly classical assumptions.
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  39. A Millian propositional guise for one puzzling English gal.Chris Tillman - 2005 - Analysis 65 (3):251–258.
  40.  6
    Total Freedom: Toward a Dialectical Libertarianism.Chris Matthew Sciabarra - 2000 - Pennsylvania State University Press.
    Building upon his previous books about Marx, Hayek, and Rand, _Total Freedom_ completes what _Lingua Franca_ has called Sciabarra’s "epic scholarly quest" to reclaim dialectics, usually associated with the Marxian left, as a methodology that can revivify libertarian thought. Part One surveys the history of dialectics from the ancient Greeks through the Austrian school of economics. Part Two investigates in detail the work of Murray Rothbard as a leading modern libertarian, in whose thought Sciabarra finds both dialectical and nondialectical elements. (...)
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  41.  72
    On the possibility of science without numbers.Chris Mortensen - 1998 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 76 (2):182 – 197.
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  42. Conditions on the Use of the One-dimensional Heat Equation.Chris Pincock - unknown
    This paper explores the conditions under which scientists are warranted in adding the one-dimensional heat equation to their theories and then using the equation to describe particular physical situations. Summarizing these derivation and application conditions motivates an account of idealized scientific representation that relates the use of mathematics in science to interpretative questions about scientific theories.
     
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  43.  64
    Representing and applying knowledge for argumentation in a social context.Chris Reed - 1997 - AI and Society 11 (1-2):138-154.
    The concept of argumentation in AI is based almost exclusively on the use of formal, abstract representations. Despite their appealing computational properties, these abstractions become increasingly divorced from their real world counterparts, and, crucially, lose the ability to express the rich gamut of natural argument forms required for creating effective text. In this paper, the demands that socially situated argumentation places on knowledge representation are explored, and the various problems with existing formalisations are discussed. Insights from argumentation theory and social (...)
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  44. Recent Work on Skepticism in Epistemology.Chris Ranalli - 2023 - American Philosophical Quarterly 60 (3):257-273.
    This paper critically surveys 20 years of recent work on radical skepticism. It focuses on three key issues. First, it starts by exploring how philosophers have recently challenged our understanding of radical skeptical arguments. It then unpacks and critically evaluates some influential reactions to radical skepticism: structuralism, knowledge-first epistemology, epistemological disjunctivism, and hinge epistemology. Third, it explores some novel developments of pragmatism, like pragmatic skepticism, gauges its anti-skeptical import, and reflects on the ways in which radical skeptical epistemology and ethics (...)
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  45.  22
    College of Fellows Roundtable Transcript.Dennis Schmidt, Chris Fleming, Diego Bubbio, Anthony Uhlmann & Jennifer Mensch - 2020 - Journal of Continental Philosophy 1 (1):117-185.
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  46.  33
    Creating a space for recovery‐focused psychiatric nursing care.Jim Walsh, Chris Stevenson, John Cutcliffe & Kirk Zinck - 2008 - Nursing Inquiry 15 (3):251-259.
    Creating a space for recovery‐focused psychiatric nursing care Within contemporary mental health‐care, power relationships are regularly played out between psychiatric nurses and service users. These power relationships are often imperceptible to the practicing nurse. For instance, in times of distress, service users often turn to or/and ‘construct’ discourses, beliefs and knowledge that are at odds with those which psychiatric nurses rely on to inform them of the mental status of the service user. The psychiatric nurse is in the position to (...)
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  47.  42
    Philosophie des milieux habités.Chris Younès - 2015 - Symposium 19 (2):83-92.
    Le mot «milieu» est précieux pour souligner que les installations humaines – l’architecture, la ville – tiennent compte de leur environnement, naturel ou bâti. Avant de configurer «un monde», l’art humain configure un lieu et même l’élit et le transfigure en le métamorphosant, faisant de milieux donnés des «lieux» habitables voire mémorables aux multiples formes de délimitations, d’échanges et de devenir. La notion de milieu habité est mise en perspective et pensée en termes de limites, passages, liens et métamorphoses.
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  48.  76
    (1 other version)Francis of Marchia's Virtus Derelicta and the Context of Its Development.Chris Schabel - 2006 - Vivarium 44 (1):41-80.
    This article offers the first critical edition of the most important version of Francis of Marchia's famous question 1 of his commentary on Book IV of the Sentences, in which the Franciscan theologian puts forth his virtus derelicta theory of projectile motion. The introduction attempts to place Marchia's theory in its proper context. The theory might seem to us an obvious improvement on Aristotle, but rather than an immediate and complete break with tradition that all scholastics quickly adopted, Marchia's virtus (...)
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  49.  22
    Does Conceptual Compositionality Affect Language Complexity? Comment on Lou‐Magnuson and Onnis.Chris Thornton - 2019 - Cognitive Science 43 (8):e12772.
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  50. Agent causation and the alleged impossibility of rational free action.Chris Tucker - 2007 - Erkenntnis 67 (1):17 - 27.
    Galen Strawson has claimed that "the impossibility of free will and ultimate moral responsibility can be proved with complete certainty." Strawson, I take it, thinks that this conclusion can be established by one argument which he has developed. In this argument, he claims that rational free actions would require an infinite regress of rational choices, which is, of course, impossible for human beings. In my paper, I argue that agent causation theorists need not be worried by Strawson's argument. For agent (...)
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