Dans cette contribution nous interrogerons la notion d’alèthurgie pour vérifier si la critique dont parle Foucault doit passer par une manifestation de la vérité ou s’il est possible d’inclure dans l’alèthurgie des formes de critique qui refusent l’obligation de dire-vrai sur soi-même – ce qu’on désignera comme « alèthurgie négative ». Ensuite, on cherchera dans l’ Ecce Homo de Nietzsche des stratégies de la critique qui au lieu de s’indexer à la vérité semblent suggérer un renversement parodique qui ancre la (...) critique dans des formes autres de vérité. Enfin, sous l’angle de l’alèthurgie négative, on reviendra sur l’opposition entre parrêsia et rhétorique tracée par Foucault pour remettre en question le primat qu’il accorde à la première. (shrink)

Although the American Philosophical Association has more than 11,000 members, there are still fewer than 125 Black philosophers in the United States, including fewer than thirty Black women holding a PhD in philosophy and working in a philosophy department in the academy.1The following is a “musing” about how I became one of them and how I have sought to create a positive philosophical space for all of us.

A bold new approach to combatting the inherent corruption of representative democracy This provocative book reveals how the majority of modern liberal democracies have become increasingly oligarchic, suffering from a form of structural political decay first conceptualized by ancient philosophers. Systemic Corruption argues that the problem cannot be blamed on the actions of corrupt politicians but is built into the very fabric of our representative systems. Camila Vergara provides a compelling and original genealogy of political corruption from ancient to (...) modern thought, and shows how representative democracy was designed to protect the interests of the already rich and powerful to the detriment of the majority. Unable to contain the unrelenting force of oligarchy, especially after experimenting with neoliberal policies, most democracies have been corrupted into oligarchic democracies. Vergara explains how to reverse this corrupting trajectory by establishing a new counterpower strong enough to control the ruling elites. Building on the anti-oligarchic institutional innovations proposed by plebeian philosophers, she rethinks the republic as a mixed order in which popular power is institutionalized to check the power of oligarchy. Vergara demonstrates how a plebeian republic would establish a network of local assemblies with the power to push for reform from the grassroots, independent of political parties and representative government. Drawing on neglected insights from Niccolò Machiavelli, Nicolas de Condorcet, Rosa Luxemburg, and Hannah Arendt, Systemic Corruption proposes to reverse the decay of democracy with the establishment of anti-oligarchic institutions through which common people can collectively resist the domination of the few. (shrink)

El diálogo entre Helena y Afrodita en el canto III de la Ilíada despertó las sospechas de Aristarco de Samotracia, considerado el fundador de la filología moderna. El gramático atetizó los versos 396-418 y brindó cuatro argumentos como justificación. En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar atentamente sus razones, partiendo de la hipótesis de que estas están perfectamente direccionadas. Todas apuntan a elementos que no tienen precedente ni igual dentro del mundo homérico; aunque Aristarco no haya podido expresarlo en estos términos, (...) el pasaje en cuestión es efectivamente extraño porque se aparta de las expectativas del código cultural griego arcaico. (shrink)

No que toca a filosofia do direito muitas são as dúvidas que recaem sobre as distintas noções de direito consideradas não só nas reflexões teóricas sobre a jurisprudência, mas também aquelas que surgem pela _práxis_ do sistema jurídico. Michel Villey defende a tese de que a única concepção estrita e exequível de direito é aquela criada em Roma que concebe o direito como uma coisa (_res_) atribuída de modo justo, pelos juristas, aos indivíduos. Qualquer noção subjetiva de direito, além de (...) ser desprovida do sentido lato do termo, se atribuída aos filósofos antigos e medievais, não passa de uma reinterpretação errônea. Entretanto, este artigo tem por objetivo mostrar que a argumentação de Villey contém algumas lacunas quanto a sua interpretação da noção de direito em textos como os de Gaio e de Tomás de Aquino. Posição essa sustentada através de autores como Brian Tierney e Alfredo Storck, os quais apresentam uma leitura pluralista acerca das noções de direito da antiguidade e do medievo mostrando que, ainda que não houvesse a presença do termo “direito subjetivo” no vocábulo da jurisprudência da época, por vezes, o direito era empregado nesse período para significar um poder, uma liberdade ou uma vantagem do indivíduo. (shrink)

Group Violence Interventions combine a focused deterrence law enforcement approach with community mobilization and social services. The current study qualitatively examines Project Longevity, Connecticut's largest GVI initiative, to contribute to the limited literature on implementation of gun violence reduction strategies. Relying on interviews with 24 of Project Longevity law enforcement and non-law enforcement partners, we explore the establishment of interagency collaboration, which was viewed by study participants as the most pressing implementation challenge of Project Longevity. Our case study results offer (...) important lessons to practitioners responsible for implementing GVI strategies. (shrink)

Throughout its great history, the feminist movement has thought the different facets of the repressive apparatus of the State, as a political problem and as part of its strategy of struggle and survival. In different contexts, antipunitivism —that is, the political response to the philosophy of punishment as the way to act to social issues— has emerged as a crucial element in the diatribes of antisystemic feminisms. However, we could not claim that there is something like a structuring and structured (...) tradition of antipunitivist feminism. Rather, what we observe is a set of concerns and political approaches of some feminisms to the strategies of punishment, in the moments in which the logics of patriarchal domination intersect with the gender-generic selectivity of the repressive apparatuses of the States. In the present work we would like to make the effort to deliberate the interaction between these approaches in order to enunciate what elements would compose an antipunitivist feminism. (shrink)

En este texto quiero hacer un análisis de las propuestas de paz del gobierno de Uribe Vélez y sus efectos en las instituciones y la cultura democrática colombiana. El análisis no pretende evaluar directamente si las propuestas de paz fueron efectivas para dar por terminado el conflicto, sino mostrar el vínculo que existe entre una democracia débil, como la colombiana, la gran influencia de la personalidad de Uribe Vélez en el imaginario político y sus proyectos de seguridad democrática y de (...) estado comunitario, en la medida en que estos proyectos hicieron parte de sus propuestas de paz. La tesis central que defiendo en este artículo es que precisamente la debilidad democrática colombiana permitió que una propuesta como la de Álvaro Uribe frente a la paz fuera apoyada por una inmensa mayoría, aunque esta propuesta en vez de profundizar la democracia hubiese debilitado más sus instituciones y la cultura ciudadana. (shrink)

It is commonly understood that over-arching transcendental values (TVs) play a major role in directly influencing individual and group behaviours, including those relating to the environment. This paper challenges this approach, by arguing that there is good evidence to indicate that personal contexts – rather than TVs – inform many decisions that individuals need to make. As such, the paper argues that individuals use their TVs as a guide to forming contextual values, in a way that TVs only influence daily (...) behaviours indirectly. In order to review the potential utility of these arguments, we offer a secondary analysis of the International Social Survey Programme. The results indicate that contexts can influence behaviours independently of the set of (transcendental) values that people may hold. (shrink)

Miranda Fricker’s account of what is involved in cases of hermeneutical injustice has been criticised for neglecting the existence of alternative hermeneutical resources developed by non-dominant groups and consequently overlooking its members’ cognitive agency. I argue that this critical strand might be extended to consider what I call “uncontroversial cases of hermeneutical injustice”, i.e. cases in which no alternative resources are available, but marginalized subjects can still be said to resist dominant interpretations of their experiences. Following Alice Crary, I trace (...) the limitations of Fricker’s original account of hermeneutical injustice back to her reliance on a neutral conception of reason and argue that widening the realm of rationality to accommodate affective responses authorizes a revaluation of marginalized subjects’ agency under ideological systems. To illustrate this point, I indicate that Ludwig Wittgenstein’s reflections on hinges present a notion of objectivity that serves liberatory projects and might guide a more adequate response to cases of hermeneutical injustice. (shrink)

Based on a survey and content analysis of 462 peer-reviewed academic articles over the period 1990–2014, this article reviews theories related to the external drivers of corporate social responsibility and the internal drivers of CSR that have been utilized to explain CSR. The article discusses the main tenets of the principal theoretical perspectives and their application in CSR research. Going beyond previous reviews that have largely failed to investigate theory applications in CSR scholarship, this article stresses the importance of theory-driven (...) explanations of CSR and the complementarity of different theories. The article demonstrates that the current mainstream theorizing of CSR is dominated by theories related to the external drivers of CSR and is less developed with regard to the internal dynamics. The article outlines several productive avenues for future research: the need for multi-theory studies and more research at multiple levels of analysis, particularly at the individual level of analysis. It suggests that CSR scholarship can benefit from combining theoretical insights from a range of established theoretical lenses such as institutional theory and RBV, and can gain new insights from theoretical lenses such as Austrian economics and micro-level psychological theories. (shrink)

While acknowledging Hannah Arendt's keen philosophical and political insights, Kathryn T. Gines claims that there are some problematic assertions and oversights regarding Arendt’s treatment of the "Negro question." Gines focuses on Arendt's reaction to the desegregation of Little Rock schools, to laws making mixed marriages illegal, and to the growing civil rights movement in the south. Reading them alongside Arendt's writings on revolution, the human condition, violence, and responses to the Eichmann war crimes trial, Gines provides a systematic analysis of (...) anti-black racism in Arendt’s work. (shrink)

Total Quality Management (TQM) is an overall management philosophy that includes a set of principles whose application is increasing. In fact, the business world and public institutions, such as hospitals, universities or city councils, are implementing quality programs. However, despite the wide diffusion of TQM, the success rate of this type of initiative is limited and the results, heterogeneous. Academics and professionals are therefore trying to identify the keys that explain the success or failure of this kind of initiative. Different (...) explanations have been given, but most of the literature agrees that managerial commitment, implication and leadership are indispensable elements in a successful implementation of TQM. Nevertheless, a study on the specialised literature shows a terminological confusion between managerial commitment and managerial leadership. Is it the same to have a committed manager in the implementation process as to have a leader of the implementation process? The author of this paper defends the thesis that "commitment" and "leadership" are not synonymous, and states that only managerial leadership is able to promote and sustain profound organisational changes. The paper will show that, to understand the previous distinction, it is necessary to consider the ethical dimension of leadership. While committed managers may lead the process by using exclusively their power (with the necessary resource assignment), those who are leaders need authority. Authority goes further than power by generating a kind of confidence (trust) that is able to influence the members of the organisation and bring about profound changes, more than power alone can do. (shrink)

Business Ethics, the Environment &Responsibility, Volume 32, Issue S2, Page 65-67, September 2023.

Journal of Political Philosophy, EarlyView.

In this book, Camila Loew analyzes four women's testimonial literary writings on the Holocaust to examine and question some of the tenets of the fields of Holocaust studies, gender studies, and testimony. Through a close reading of the works of Charlotte Delbo, Margarete Buber-Neumann, Ruth Klüger, and Marguerite Duras, Loew foregrounds these authors' search for a written form to engage with their experiences of the extreme. Although each chapter contains its individual focus and features, the book possesses a unity (...) in intention, concerns, and consequences. In the theoretical introduction that unites the four chapters, Loew eschews essentialism and revises the emergence of the field of Women and Holocaust studies from the early 1980s on, and signals some of its shortcomings. In response, and in accordance with a recent turn in various disciplines of the Humanities, Loew highlights the ethical dimension of testimony and its responsible commitment to the other. In dealing with the texts as literary testimonies—a complex genre, between literature and history—, testimony is freed from the obligation to respond to the requirements of factual truth, and becomes a privileged form to voice the traumatic event, and to symbolically explore the role of excess. (shrink)

En este ensayo retomo las narrativas sobre el levante popular de 2013 en Brasil, considerando que tales discursos están aún presentes directa e indirectamente en la manera cómo comprendemos la actualidad, sobre todo la ascensión de la derecha y nuestras posibles resistencias a los múltiples elementos fascistas crecientes hoy en nuestra sociedad. En este sentido, analizo ciertas posiciones corrientes relacionadas con las reacciones conservadoras y punitivas a las protestas populares, que acaban por concluir que las manifestaciones generaron un “mal aún (...) mayor”. Traigo a la luz algunas premisas ocultas en esas afirmaciones que, operando tanto desde puntos de vista historiográficos como filosóficos, comprometen no solamente nuestro pasado, sino también acaban por empeñar nuestro futuro. (shrink)

O objetivo geral deste artigo é contribuir para as reflexões sobre as relações entre ética e linguagem a partir da obra de Wittgenstein, buscando compreender em que medida há uma irredutível dimensão ética envolvida nos limites da significação. Para tanto, retomamos as considerações sobre ética presentes no Tractatus, nos Notebooks 1914-1916 e na Conferência sobre Ética. A maior parte dos desenvolvimentos deste texto versa sobre a abordagem do ponto de contato entre ética, lógica e ontologia, levando em contaa influência de (...) Schopenhauer na primeira filosofia de Wittgenstein. Nosso horizonte, entretanto, consiste em contribuir para questão dos desacordos profundos, no âmbito da sua filosofia tardia, no que se refere aos princípios éticos radicalmente distintos. Sobre isso, estamos conscientes de que aqui apenas tocamos a matéria, indicando caminhos possíveis, e que o presente trabalho constitui um passo a ser retomado em análises futuras.AbstractThe general objective of this paper is to contribute to reflections on the relations between ethics and language based on Wittgenstein’s work, seeking to understand the extent to which there is an irreducible ethical dimension involved in the limits of meaning. Therefore, we return to the considerations on ethics present in the Tractatus; in Notebooks 1914-1916 and in the A Lecture on Ethics. Most of the developmentsin this paper deal with approaching the point of contact between ethics, logic and ontology, taking into account Schopenhauer’s influence on Wittgenstein’s first philosophy. Our horizon, however, is to contribute to the issue of deep disagreements, within the scope of his later philosophy, with regard to radically different ethical principles. About this, we are aware that we are only touching on the matter here, indicating possible paths, and that the present work is a step to be taken up again in future analyses. (shrink)

This article first points out that attempts to establish the fo u ndations of an existent ial psycho a nalysis are always pre s e nt in Sartre’s philosophy. After pre s e nt i ng philosophies that are inc o r p o rated and re c reated in the process of giving shape to the project of existent ial psycho a nalysis, it gives examples of how this psycho a nalysis should be. At end, the article suggests in (...) what way Sartre’s criticism to Fre ud ian psycho a nalysis can today ins p i re cont e m p o rary Brazilian psychoanalytical thinking. (shrink)

O artigo analisa os muito mal vistos comentários de Wittgenstein sobre o teorema de Gödel. Não se pretende defender estes comentários, nem atribuir a Wittgenstein algo que ele não disse. De fato, não nos seria possível desconsiderar o que é textual visando fornecer uma interpretação mais palatável das posições de um autor. Nosso objetivo consiste meramente em clarificar as posições realmente mantidas por Wittgenstein sobre o tema, atribuindo, o tanto quanto possível, alguma razoabilidade as mesmas no que diz respeito à (...) economia geral das suas observações sobre a matemática. (shrink)

The present article inquires into the uses of Medea’s tragedy as a representation of political sedition in the XVII century, especially in Hobbes’ works who introduces the myth with few variations three times in his work. We are interested in the semantic shifts in the use of a tragedy that, for multiple reasons –to which we will later return– works as an epochal catalyzer of the political and moral dangers with which regicide is symbolically burdened. This constant role, identifiable in (...) the versions of Euripides, Seneca, and Corneille, combines differently -through history- the pairing of seduction and sedition that we try to reconstruct as a convergent element of the tragic vision of politics that runs through Hobbes work. Finally, we explore how classic tragedy is used by Bramhall in his debate with Hobbes, highlighting the connection between tragic and heretical readings of the philosopher. (shrink)

Ética, ludificación y marketing han constituido tres realidades cuyo desarrollo ha transcurrido separadamente hasta bien avanzado el siglo XX, momento en el que asistimos a una eclosión de las mismas. Recientemente surgen estudios que se proponen indagar si la ludificación y el marketing poseen un sustrato ético, a partir de los cuales, en este trabajo profundizamos en la repercusión moral que tiene la interrelación entre ludificación y marketing expresada a lo largo de tres tradiciones éticas de amplia trayectoria (utilitarismo, deontologismo (...) y ética de la virtud), como es puesto de manifiesto por la literatura especializada. (shrink)

Jacques Derrida ha propuesto entender el perdón como lo imperdonable: para que el perdón sea puro, su objeto debe ser lo imperdonable. Plantea, además, que no debe haber ninguna condición para que el perdón sea otorgado. Se busca mostrar que esta pureza debe ser sacrificada, ya que, para que una víc..

The key idea behind the diagrammatic approach presented in the paper is that the sophisticated mechanisms of human visual construction also play an important role in natural languages. We propose a diagrammatic representation of English, giving examples, translation rules, and semantics. Special attention will be paid to anaphoric phenomena, in particular, the possibility of a uniform treatment of anaphoric pronouns.

O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um estudo filosófico a partir da experiência em sala de aula sobre o conceito de espanto (thauma), considerando as perspectivas de Aristóteles e de Schopenhauer. Essa atividade foi realizada no âmbito do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), subprojeto Filosofia, da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, no Primeiro Semestre de 2023. O principal propósito das aulas foi compreender o conceito de espanto na filosofia de Aristóteles e a peculiar utilização que Schopenhauer (...) faz desse conceito. Para atingir esse objetivo, adotou-se a metodologia de Silvio Gallo, que consiste na divisão da aula em quatro etapas, quais sejam: sensibilização, problematização, investigação e conceituação. Ao longo do texto, serão expostos tanto o passo a passo quanto os resultados da implementação em sala de aula das etapas da metodologia de Gallo. Além de obras de Aristóteles e de Schopenhauer, foram utilizados trechos deA morte de Ivan Ilitch, de Lev Tolstói, e A Metamorfose, de Franz Kafka,com o intuito de despertar o interesse dos alunos, incentivá-los a refletir sobre o espanto, expressar suas opiniões e dúvidas, explorar e sintetizar o que foi aprendido de maneira clara e objetiva. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, com os alunos demonstrando maior entendimento sobre o tema e maior capacidade de argumentação. (shrink)

The legacy and future of continental philosophy with regard to the critical philosophy of race can be seen in prominent canonical philosophical figures, the scholarship of contemporary philosophers, and recent edited collections and book series. The following reflections highlight some (though certainly not all) of the contacts and overlaps between a select number of continental philosophers and the critical philosophy of race. In particular, I consider how the continental tradition has contributed to the development of the critical philosophy of race (...) by offering tools from existentialism, phenomenology, and genealogy to emphasize questions of existence, facticity, lived experience, and historicity as they relate to analyses of race, racism, slavery, and colonialism.1 I argue that these tools have been used both implicitly and explicitly in the writings of contemporary continental philosophers who theorize about race and that the critical philosophy of race has impacted and expanded continental philosophy in significant ways. (shrink)

Feminisms in the second half of the twentieth century were reshaped by the efforts to end violence against women. Feminist activists in national and international settings invented concepts to refer to previously unquestioned societal practices as oppressive to women and changed the world by naming them. In this article, I engage with the concepts of femicide/feminicidio : the murder of women for gender reasons. I follow the history of this concept and its incursion into the broader political and public sphere (...) in Latin America. Focusing on the Mexican case, I show how the study of national feminist histories is relevant to the history of women’s activism in the international arena. This article contributes to the history of concepts by showing the linguistic distinctions and connections of feminist concepts in different sociocultural environments. Overall, this research argues in favor of studying feminist concepts with Latin American perspectives to articulate the complexity of the world today. (shrink)

Este trabalho tem como objetivo defender a permissibilidade moral da eutanásia ativa voluntária desde a perspectiva utilitarista de John Stuart Mill. A discussão sobre este tema tem levado muitos filósofos a pensarem se é correto ou não matar indivíduos que solicitam morrer em decorrência de doença incurável. Considerando apenas aqueles que defendem a sua permissibilidade, podem-se destacar filósofos contemporâneos como Peter Singer e James Rachels, ambos utilitaristas. No entanto, neste trabalho, é a obra de Mill que norteará a defesa, tendo (...) em vista que dos autores clássicos do utilitarismo, considera-se que o dele possui melhores ferramentas conceituais que ajudam a analisar o problema da eutanásia e a propor uma defesa plausível. Sendo assim, primeiro serão apresentados os conceitos-chave da obra de Mill; em seguida, explicar-se-á o que é eutanásia e o que se entende neste trabalho por “doença incurável”. No terceiro momento serão discutidos os aspectos relevantes que envolvem a competência do indivíduo e se eutanasiar deve ser considerado moralmente errado. Por último será feita a defesa a partir dos princípios millianos. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Journal of Ancient History Jahrgang: 5 Heft: 2 Seiten: 228-279.

Reseña de: Eduardo Rinesi, ¡Qué Cosa la Cosa Pública! Apuntes Shakespereanos para una República Popular. Buenos Aires, UBU Ediciones, 2020.

O artigo clarifica em que medida a Lógica, no sentido mais comum e até ingênuo do termo, enquanto composta pelas leis necessárias do pensamento correto, pode ser entendida como Mística. Isto parece estranho, pois a Mística é normalmente entendida como uma vivência de superação das dualidades, onde o pensamento racional colapsa e encontra seu limite. Já a Lógica é entendida como paradigma de pensamento racional. Argumenta-se que as leis mais gerais da razão e do discurso se relacionam com a Mística (...) na medida mesma em que o fundamento da razão é equacionado ao seu limite. A linguagem encontra-se assim com o silêncio e as leis e fundamentações não mais operam como tais. Conclui-se que a adesão necessária que acompanha o colapso entre o sentido e o valor de verdade de determinadas expressões linguísticas constitui o que chamamos de vivência mística. Trata-se de uma vivencia a qual somos conduzidos pelo próprio funcionamento de nossa significação e, ao mesmo tempo, institui o que se compreende por experiência religiosa. Palavras-chave : Mística. Wittgenstein. Lógica. Intensão. Extensão.This paper clarifies the extent to which Logic, in the usual sense (and even naïve) of the term, as composed of the correct thinking’s necessary laws, can be understood as Mystic. This seems strange, because the Mystic is usually understood as an experience of overcoming the dualities, where rational thinking collapses and finds its limit. On the other hand, the logic is understood as the paradigm of rational thinking. It is argued that the most general laws of reason and speech are related to Mystic in the sense that the foundation of the reason is equated to its limit. The language lies thus with the silence and the laws and justifications no longer operate as such. We conclude that the adherence necessary that accompanies the collapse of meaning and truth value of certain linguistic utterances is what we call mystical experience. It is about an experience to which we are led by the workings of our linguistics meaning, establishing what is meant by religious experience. Keywords: Mystic. Wittgenstein. Logic. Intension. Extension. (shrink)

O presente escrito busca, a partir da sensação de luto descrita por um rapaz frente à desativação do perfil em rede social de sua companheira, esmiuçar o território das materialidades corpóreas, dos vínculos e dos comuns em jogo nas atuais comunicações mediadas digitalmente. Como é possível que nos afetemos por presenças que não mais se restringem ao toque da pele? A partir desta questão, pretende-se acompanhar cartograficamente algumas pistas que possam visibilizar dos processos de produção de afetos que perpassam as (...) contemporâneas estratégias de comunicação mediadas tecnologicamente. (shrink)