This study delves into the philosophical dimensions of the art market in the digital age, examining how historical identity intertwines with contemporary value. Using qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and case study analysis, the research investigates the strategic invocation of historical identity by artists to enhance the cultural and monetary worth of their digital creations. Findings reveal that established reputations in the traditional art world and the recontextualization of cultural artifacts—such as iconic historical events or artistic movements—significantly influence the perceived (...) value of digital artworks. For instance, algorithmic art and daily creation processes evoke deeper narratives that resonate with historical art traditions. The study also highlights the role of blockchain technology and NFTs in ensuring authenticity, fostering trust, and redefining ownership models. Scarcity, through limited editions or unique variations, further amplifies the perceived value of digital art. Artists like Beeple leverage their pre-digital careers and innovative techniques to command substantial market attention, while works such as Grimes’s "The Persistence of Chaos" illustrate the influence of celebrity on value creation. The research underscores the philosophical and cultural significance of digital art, exploring how historical identity and technological innovation converge to shape contemporary artistic value systems within a globalized digital marketplace. (shrink)

While the social benefits of AI often outweigh its trade-offs, what about its environmental impact? To what extent can AI counterbalance the ecological burdens it creates? Can the Earth sustain itself until AI is successfully developed in the era of climate change and environmental degradation? -/- As Nguyen suggests, humanity must seek wisdom by confronting the foolishness that they are doing in environmental matters. Such wisdom urges us to reevaluate our thoughts, choices, and behaviors to minimize environmental harm and promote (...) ecological sustainability. A critical first step in using AI responsibly for the environment lies in ensuring its effective and efficient utilization. (shrink)

The materialist thesis that there is a type-type identity between certain mental phenomena and certain physical phenomena has encountered serious criticisms. This paper is to propose a revised form of mind-body identity theory which moves forward from the token identity theory and can stand the major criticism made against the type-type identity theory. In the first part of the paper, through a very brief review of the issue I show what needs to be done; in the second part, I show (...) how my solution avoids the difficulties that have troubled the type-type identity theory. (shrink)

This article mainly investigates whether common Bayesian confirmation measures are affected by stopping rules. The results indicate that difference measure d, log-ratio measure r, and log-likelihood measure l are not affected by non-informative stopping rules, but affected by informative stopping rules. In contrast, Carnap measure $$\tau$$, normalized difference measure n, and Mortimer measure m are affected by (non-)informative stopping rules sometimes but sometimes aren’t. Besides, we use two examples to further illustrate that confirmation measures d, r, and l are (...) better than $$\tau,n$$, and m. (shrink)

This study investigates the association between work-family conflict and organizational citizenship behavior and examines the mediated role of subjective happiness between and the moderated part of family support. A moderated mediation model is established based on the Conservation of Resources theory. We collected data from 386 employees of nine companies in China. This study shows that the work-family conflict of female professional employees is negatively correlated with organizational citizenship behavior, and that the relationship is mediated by subjective well-being. Furthermore, female (...) professional employees’ family support moderates the effects of work-family conflict on subjective happiness and organizational citizenship behavior, with the relationship weaker when family support is higher. This study enriches the literature on work-family conflict by using family support as a mediating mechanism for work-family conflict. It enhanced our understanding of the influencing mechanisms of organizational citizenship behavior by constructing a more detailed model. (shrink)

颜元(1635-1704年),清初颜李(颜元,李 )学派的主要创始人。本书原名《颜习斋先生年谱),分上下两卷,列记谱之毕生的生平经历、学术成就。附录有谱者的传记.

Husserl’s phenomenology aims to obtain knowledge about the essential structure of consciousness and its various subtypes, and how different types of objects appear in consciousness. On a classic reading, such knowledge requires adequate evidence and apodictic evidence, which are absolutely certain or infallible. However, a trend has emerged to question this classic reading and to embrace a radically fallibilist reading of Husserl’s theory of evidence instead. A core component of this reading is that adequate evidence and apodictic evidence are either (...) non-actual, or, even if they exist, are fallible. This paper aims to resist this radical fallibilist reading and reaffirm the classic reading. In this paper, I criticize two main arguments for the radical fallibilist reading. I also examine frequently cited texts that seem to strongly favor the fallibilist reading and show that they do not serve the intended purpose. I further show that although Husserl later has refined his earlier theory of evidence, he never reversed his earlier basic position. For Husserl, adequate evidence and apodictic evidence can be difficult to achieve. However, they can be sometimes achieved in immanent perception and eidetic analysis; when achieved, they are infallible. (shrink)

Associations between screen time and mental health may be driven by increased use in young people with heightened symptoms as a means of modifying negative mood. However, the direct effect of technology use on mood remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of active and passive social media use on an induced sad or neutral mood by randomising young people (16–24 years; N = 116) to a sad or neutral mood induction task and assessing mood after being instructed (...) to engage in active or passive social media use. We found both active and passive social media use alleviated sad mood but had no effect on neutral mood. Active social media use was associated with functional emotion regulation strategies relative to passive social media use. These findings suggest a possible beneficial effect of social media use on sad mood, however, longer-term effects on mental health are yet to be determined. (shrink)

本书描述了自中世纪以来,绘画和雕塑所经历的一系列变化;同时说明了现代考古学、现代摄影术和世界文化的传播。在我们艺术知识的丰富过程中所起的作用。作者通过对艺术的深层阐释,把一些观众看来“无法理解”的艺术 品变成一幅幅清晰的图像,使我们对艺术的理解成为可能。.

This paper presents a thematic review of the anti-plagiarism instruction of content specialists as reported in a range of articles published in the decade of 2014–2023. A total of 28 articles were identified through systematic searching and a ChatGPT-assisted selection process based on a set of inclusion criteria. Specifically, we aimed to include those articles that contain sufficient details of the instructional procedure as well as an evidence-based report of the effectiveness of the pedagogical intervention. A coding scheme of two (...) dimensions (“Rationales for the pedagogical interventions” and “Characteristics of the pedagogical interventions”) provided a framework for our analysis of the focal literature. By focusing on content teachers’, as opposed to language teachers’, pedagogical practices in addressing the issue of plagiarism in varied geographical and institutional contexts, this review study provides insights for both content and language specialists to draw upon and will serve to raise awareness for the value of collaboration between content and language teachers in handling academic literacy issues such as plagiarism. (shrink)

Moral injury is a significant issue for healthcare workers, often stemming from exposure to ethical dilemmas and distressing events. This study aims to explore the relationship between moral injury and healthcare workers’ career calling, using the job demands-resources model as a theoretical framework. The goal is to understand how moral injury affects healthcare workers’ sense of purpose and vocation and identify factors that may mitigate this impact. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 506 Chinese healthcare workers. The (...) study used self-report questionnaires to assess moral injury, authentic self-expression, self-compassion, ethical leadership, and career calling. Path analysis was used to test the proposed mediating and moderating relationships within the job demands-resources model. Moral injury has a negative effect on healthcare workers’ career calling. This effect is mediated by authentic self-expression – the inability to openly discuss moral distress weakens the sense of purpose. Self-compassion and ethical leadership buffer against the negative impact of moral injury on career calling. This research contributes to the understanding of moral injury and career calling in healthcare workers, with practical implications for safeguarding healthcare professionals’ well-being and commitment to their vocation. (shrink)

Moral hypocrisy (MH) occurs when people fail to practice what they preach. Despite the prevalence of the effect of social identity on an individual’s MH, few empirical studies have explored contextual factors that may help reduce MH. By conducting two experiments based on the research paradigm of real stranger presence, we examined how in-group and out-group strangers’ presence and moral behavior may contribute to reducing MH. The results of experiment 1 demonstrated that compared with the presence of out-group strangers, the (...) presence of in-group stranger could effectively inhibit MH (no significant difference between participants reported and actual donation proportions was obtained). The results of experiment 2 replicated and extended the results of experiment 1, first by showing that the presence of in-group strangers could effectively inhibit MH and then by revealing the influence of present strangers’ behavior (moral or hypocritical) on MH. The results indicated that strangers’ moral behavior could effectively eliminate participants’ MH, especially in the presence of in-group strangers. However, when present strangers exhibited hypocritical behavior, they exhibited no effect on participants’ MH, irrespective of the condition of in-group and out-group strangers. The current study provides empirical support for theories related to MH and moral decision making and contributes to the literature on in-group and out-group effects on MH and decision making. (shrink)

Based on the assumption that the long-term value of a venture capital satisfies the algebraic Brownian motion, we develop a continuous-time exit model of venture capital under different exit modes, namely, initial public offering and mergers and acquisitions. The employee incentive problem is analyzed jointly with the exit decision of the firm in terms of the exit timing and the exit mode. Further, the problem of capital exit is considered from two perspectives, namely, optimal venture capital and social welfare maximization, (...) and the differences between these exit decisions are compared. Our model predicts that the timing of an IPO, the purpose of which is to maximize the utility of the capitalists, lags behind the exit timing, whose purpose is to maximize social welfare. Using a numerical analysis, this paper also proves that increasing the production efficiency, lowering the interest rates, and improving risk management can make the exit decision of venture capitalists converge with that of maximizing social welfare. (shrink)

Molecular chaperones in cells constantly monitor and bind to exposed hydrophobicity in newly synthesized proteins and assist them in folding or targeting to cellular membranes for insertion. However, proteins can be misfolded or mistargeted, which often causes hydrophobic amino acids to be exposed to the aqueous cytosol. Again, chaperones recognize exposed hydrophobicity in these proteins to prevent nonspecific interactions and aggregation, which are harmful to cells. The chaperone‐bound misfolded proteins are then decorated with ubiquitin chains denoting them for proteasomal degradation. (...) It remains enigmatic how molecular chaperones can mediate both maturation of nascent proteins and ubiquitination of misfolded proteins solely based on their exposed hydrophobic signals. In this review, we propose a dynamic ubiquitination and deubiquitination model in which ubiquitination of newly synthesized proteins serves as a “fix me” signal for either refolding of soluble proteins or retargeting of membrane proteins with the help of chaperones and deubiquitinases. Such a model would provide additional time for aberrant nascent proteins to fold or route for membrane insertion, thus avoiding excessive protein degradation and saving cellular energy spent on protein synthesis. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/gkElfmqaKG4. (shrink)

In the 1830s and 1840s, animal transportation by rail and steamer gradually replaced traditional long-distance droving in Britain. Responding to the posthumanist calls for critical attention to the experience of nonhuman actors in history, this article first explores how each aspect of this new mode of transportation affected the bodily experience of the animals, including their embarkation, stowage, ventilation and other uses of equipment fitted on the vessel, the provision of care, and disembarkation. It then discusses how those people who (...) were affected by witnessing the animals’ experience responded to it in light of two contributory factors: first, the outbreak of cattle plague in 1865 and, second, the growing calls for greater humanity to animals. In conclusion, the article summarizes the legislative advances that were made in pursuit of this humanitarian aim by reviewing the first and last pieces of relevant legislation that were passed prior to the First World War—the 1870 Transit of Animals Order and the 1912 Animals (Transit and General) Order. The article further illustrates how the simple logic of paying attention and responding to the experience of other lifeworlds helped establish the first milestones in animal transit legislation in the age of steam transport. (shrink)

In late autumn of the year 1995, trudging alone over ice- and snow-covered hills and plains, I walked into the Crow Valley in mountainous western Colorado and examined the sites of ancient American Indian tribes. Local archaeologists had told me the Indians living here had migrated from North China and Northeast China nine thousand years ago. I returned from the mountains that evening and made my way to a wooden cabin for archaeologists, built in a col. I planned to have (...) supper there. To my surprise the little dining room, which normally was occupied only by myself and two undergraduate archaeologists, was packed with youngsters. (shrink)

Uncertainty natural language processing has always been a research focus in the artificial intelligence field. In this paper, we continue to study the linguistic truth-valued concept lattice and apply it to the disease intelligent diagnosis by building an intelligent model to directly handle natural language. The theoretical bases of this model are the classical concept lattice and the lattice implication algebra with natural language. The model includes the case library formed by patients, attributes matching, and the matching degree calculation about (...) the new patient. According to the characteristics of the patients, the disease attributes are firstly divided into intrinsic invariant attributes and extrinsic variable attributes. The calculation algorithm of the linguistic truth-valued formal concepts and the constructing algorithm of the linguistic truth-valued concept lattice based on the extrinsic attributes are proposed. And the disease bases of the different treatments for different patients with the same disease are established. Secondly, the matching algorithms of intrinsic attributes and extrinsic attributes are given, and all the linguistic truth-valued formal concepts that match the new patient’s extrinsic attributes are found. Lastly, by comparing the similarity between the new patients and the matching formal concepts, we calculate the best treatment options to realize the intelligent diagnosis of the disease. (shrink)

The Japanese are fond of making an analogy between human life and the cherry blossom, which flowers very briefly and then withers. Xiaobo's life was like the cherry blossom: He, too, flowered for a brief moment and then abruptly passed away.

“Rough set” is a theory put forward by the polish scholar Z. Pawlak, which is a useful mathematics tool for dealing with vague and uncertain information. Rough set theory can achieve a subset of all attribute which preserves the discernible ability of original features, by using the data only with no additional information. As a typical system of multi-agent, the decision-making system of soccer robot has the features of multi-layered, antagonism, and cooperation. On the bases of rough set theory, this (...) paper established a decision making system with complete information for soccer robot, and then reduce the condition and decision attributes and their values, to get the simply decision rules. On the otherwise, considering the situation of information loss, we study decision making of imperfect information system, extract the decision rules and calculate the reliability, so that the rules can assist the agent to make right decision in competition. The simulation result shows that the algorithm is correct and effective. (shrink)

Frequent occurrences of academic misconduct have become a significant obstacle to scientific progress, necessitating collaborative governance from multiple stakeholders to achieve effective mitigation. However, as pivotal institution in national innovation and the governance of academic misconduct, universities often neglect the issue of academic misconduct in promoting innovation. To elucidate the potential damage that neglecting research integrity governance may inflict on university innovation, this study utilized retraction and innovation data from Chinese Double First-Class Initiative universities between 2007 and 2017 to systematically (...) explore the impact, mechanism, and economic consequences of academic misconduct exposure on university innovation output. Our findings indicate that exposure to academic misconduct significantly reduces the innovation output levels of the involved universities, with research reputation being the primary mechanism driving this effect. The economic consequence analysis reveals that innovation stakeholders strategically adjust their behavior based on the research integrity status of universities. Such adjustments lead to a shift in research funding and innovation collaboration structures in a manner detrimental to long-term innovation, thereby causing economic losses to the universities’ innovation. Moreover, the negative impact of academic misconduct on university innovation output is more pronounced in STEM disciplines, comprehensive universities, and high-impact journal exposure events, and it intensifies with the prolongation of exposure lag time. Overall, this study enriches the theoretical framework of factors influencing university innovation output, clearly identifying the crucial role of research reputation in promoting university innovation. It provides theoretical basis and practical impetus for universities to proactively strengthen research integrity governance. (shrink)

Recently, convergence liberals, such as Kevin Vallier, argue that the principle of social insurance could be publicly justified. Our paper challenges this marriage of convergence liberalism and welfare state. We begin by examining Vallier’s three reasons for the principle of social insurance: risk aversion, injustice and the promotion of political trust. We then argue that all these reasons are intelligibly objectionable. After examining five possible responses that convergence liberals may offer, this paper concludes that the principle of social insurance is (...) not conclusively justified in the convergence conception of public justification. (shrink)

Issledovanii︠a︡ Ekateriny Ilʹinichny Li︠a︡pushkinoĭ (1963-2018), literaturoveda, istorika russkoĭ literatury, dot︠s︡enta Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, obnaruzhivai︠u︡t nei︠a︡vnye smysly klassicheskikh tekstov. Prochtenie proizvedeniĭ Goncharova, Turgeneva, Dostoevskogo, Nabokova osnovyvaetsi︠a︡ na teorii literaturnoĭ germenevtiki. Teoreticheskie shtudii i praktika interpretat︠s︡ii realizui︠u︡t dialektiku ponimanii︠a︡ v obʺi︠a︡snenii︠a︡, to estʹ nalichie germenevticheskogo kruga, opredeli︠a︡i︠u︡shchee kompozit︠s︡ii︠u︡ predlagaemogo izdanii︠a︡.

Among Buddhist reformers, Longlian 隆蓮 (1909–2006) is renowned for revitalizing monastic discipline and Buddhist education in modern China, especially for Buddhist women. Complementing findings in social history and cultural anthropology, I reread Longlian’s work on morality to investigate the philosophical thought that supports her monastic reform. I argue for interpreting her moral theory as a Buddhist expression of meta-ethical pluralism. It is a theory that appreciates a plurality of moralities for sentient beings who are preoccupied with this-worldly life, aspiring to (...) other-worldly liberation, or re-engaging with this-worldly reality to guide others to the Bodhisattvas’ path. Instead of postulating a unitary standard of morality, Longlian encourages each person to explore moral values suitable to their own world as a preparatory step towards universal awakening. In doing so, Longlian makes a case for her monastic reform in a secular world and manages to respond to the (neo-)Confucian critique of Buddhism as a socially disengaged teaching. (shrink)

The Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) is a rapidly evolving region that experiences significant changes in land use patterns over time. Analogous to other Indian cities, these transformations are particularly evident in the periphery of Chennai's urban core, where substantial land use shifts have occurred between 2001 and 2021. These changes were assessed utilizing LANDSAT 7 Thematic Mapper (TM), LANDSAT 5 Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) for the years 2001 and 2011, and LANDSAT 8 (OLI) for 2021. This study employs unsupervised (...) classification to investigate major land use/land cover alterations. Findings indicate that CMA has undergone substantial land use modifications over the past two decades. Notably, there has been a marked decline in open land and vegetation due to extensive reclamation for urban and commercial development. The results demonstrate that the area covered by open land and vegetation decreased by 70.23% and 4.56%, respectively, while the built-up area increased by 56%. The study also identified a pattern of urban expansion primarily along the GST road, OMR road, and Thirupati highway. The research further examines land use changes by creating buffer zones at distances of 500 meters, 1 km, 1.5 km, and 2 km. The detailed analysis, along with the spatio-temporal differentiation maps and tables generated through geospatial data, will be invaluable for understanding the growth dynamics of CMA. This information will also support the decision-making process for local planners, stakeholders, and academicians. (shrink)