Results for ' Gerd'

978 found
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  1.  88
    XIV—The Relation Between ‘Understanding’ and ‘Reason’ in the Architectonic of Kant's Philosophy1.Gerd Buchdahl - 1967 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 67 (1):209-226.
    Gerd Buchdahl; XIV—The Relation Between ‘Understanding’ and ‘Reason’ in the Architectonic of Kant's Philosophy1, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume.
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  2. The conception of lawlikeness in Kant's philosophy of science.Gerd Buchdahl - 1972 - Synthese 23 (1-2):24 - 46.
    A demarcation between kant's general metaphysics (transcendental principles) and his special metaphysics is attempted, through a discussion of kant's three accounts of lawlikeness, 'transcendental', 'empirical' and 'metaphysical'. the distinctions are defended via a number of 'indicators' in kant's writings, and the 'looseness of fit' between the different types of lawlikeness is discussed.
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  3.  47
    Rationality for Mortals: How People Cope with Uncertainty.Gerd Gigerenzer - 2008 - Oup Usa.
    This volume collects Gigerenzer's recent articles on the psychology of rationality. This volume should appeal, like the earlier volumes, to a broad mixture of cognitive psychologists, philosophers, economists, and others who study decision making.
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  4.  6
    Metaphysics and Philosophy of Science in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Essays in honour of Gerd Buchdahl.Gerd Buchdahl & R. S. Woolhouse - 1988 - Springer Verlag.
    The essays in this collection have been written for Gerd Buchdahl, by colleagues, students and friends, and are self-standing pieces of original research which have as their main concern the metaphysics and philosophy of science of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They focus on issues about the development of philosophical and scientific thought which are raised by or in the work of such as Bernoulli, Descartes, Galileo, Kant, Leibniz, Maclaurin, Priestly, Schelling, Vico. Apart from the initial bio-bibliographical piece and (...)
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  5. Why heuristics work.Gerd Gigerenzer - 2008 - Perspectives on Psychological Science 3 (1):20-29.
     
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  6.  61
    Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart.Gerd Gigerenzer, Peter M. Todd & A. B. C. Research Group - 1999 - New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press USA. Edited by Peter M. Todd.
    Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart invites readers to embark on a new journey into a land of rationality that differs from the familiar territory of cognitive science and economics. Traditional views of rationality tend to see decision makers as possessing superhuman powers of reason, limitless knowledge, and all of eternity in which to ponder choices. To understand decisions in the real world, we need a different, more psychologically plausible notion of rationality, and this book provides it. It is about (...)
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  7.  11
    Heuristic decision making.Gerd Gigerenzer & Wolfgang Gaissmaier - 2011 - Annual Review of Psychology 62:451-482.
  8.  25
    Liberté, Egalité, Modularité: In Memory of Werner Callebaut (1952–2014).Gerd B. Müller - 2015 - Biological Theory 10 (1):1-4.
  9.  31
    Adaptive Thinking: Rationality in the Real World.Gerd Gigerenzer - 2000 - Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
    Together, these collected papers develop the idea that human thinking - from scientific creativity to simply understanding what a positive HIV test means - "happens" partly outside the mind.".
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  10. Inductivist Versus Deductivist Approaches in the Philosophy of Science as Illustrated by Some Controversies Between Whewell and Mill.Gerd Buchdahl - 1971 - The Monist 55 (3):343-367.
    The contrast between the two approaches alluded to in the title has gained a certain prominence in our own day. With the knowledge of hindsight it will be of interest therefore to study its incidence in an earlier period, in the writings of Whewell and Mill, Which may thus yield added significance for a later generation. Right at the start there is a difficulty. Not all inductivists agree on their principles, or their interpretation of the logic of scientific reasoning, and (...)
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  11.  54
    Probabilistic mental models: A Brunswikian theory of confidence.Gerd Gigerenzer, Ulrich Hoffrage & Heinz Kleinbölting - 1991 - Psychological Review 98 (4):506-528.
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  12. On the Supposed Evidence for Libertarian Paternalism.Gerd Gigerenzer - 2015 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 6 (3):361-383.
    Can the general public learn to deal with risk and uncertainty, or do authorities need to steer people’s choices in the right direction? Libertarian paternalists argue that results from psychological research show that our reasoning is systematically flawed and that we are hardly educable because our cognitive biases resemble stable visual illusions. For that reason, they maintain, authorities who know what is best for us need to step in and steer our behavior with the help of “nudges.” Nudges are nothing (...)
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  13. Domain-specific reasoning: Social contracts, cheating, and perspective change.Gerd Gigerenzer & Klaus Hug - 1992 - Cognition 43 (2):127-171.
    What counts as human rationality: reasoning processes that embody content-independent formal theories, such as propositional logic, or reasoning processes that are well designed for solving important adaptive problems? Most theories of human reasoning have been based on content-independent formal rationality, whereas adaptive reasoning, ecological or evolutionary, has been little explored. We elaborate and test an evolutionary approach, Cosmides' social contract theory, using the Wason selection task. In the first part, we disentangle the theoretical concept of a “social contract” from that (...)
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  14.  4
    Geschichtsbegriff und politische Ökonomie: Unters. zu e. problemat. gewordenen Selbstverständnis.Gerd-Ewald Famulla - 1978 - New York: Campus-Verlag.
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  15.  10
    Fundamentaltheologie: zwischen Rationalitäts- und Offenbarungsanspruch.Gerd Neuhaus - 2013 - Regensburg: Verlag Friedrich Pustet.
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  16.  50
    History and Philosophy of Science: Some Anecdotal Memories.Gerd Buchdahl - 1989 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 20 (1):5.
  17.  59
    The Empire of Chance: How Probability Changed Science and Everyday Life.Gerd Gigerenzer, Zeno Swijtink, Theodore Porter, Lorraine Daston, John Beatty & Lorenz Kruger - 1990 - Cambridge University Press.
    The Empire of Chance tells how quantitative ideas of chance transformed the natural and social sciences, as well as daily life over the last three centuries. A continuous narrative connects the earliest application of probability and statistics in gambling and insurance to the most recent forays into law, medicine, polling and baseball. Separate chapters explore the theoretical and methodological impact in biology, physics and psychology. Themes recur - determinism, inference, causality, free will, evidence, the shifting meaning of probability - but (...)
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  18. Metaphysics and the philosophy of science.Gerd Buchdahl - 1969 - Oxford,: Blackwell.
  19. Reasoning the fast and frugal way: Models of bounded rationality.Gerd Gigerenzer & Daniel Goldstein - 1996 - Psychological Review 103 (4):650-669.
    Humans and animals make inferences about the world under limited time and knowledge. In contrast, many models of rational inference treat the mind as a Laplacean Demon, equipped with unlimited time, knowledge, and computational might. Following H. Simon's notion of satisficing, the authors have proposed a family of algorithms based on a simple psychological mechanism: one-reason decision making. These fast and frugal algorithms violate fundamental tenets of classical rationality: They neither look up nor integrate all information. By computer simulation, the (...)
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  20. How to improve Bayesian reasoning without instruction: Frequency formats.Gerd Gigerenzer & Ulrich Hoffrage - 1995 - Psychological Review 102 (4):684-704.
  21.  54
    Quality care for persons experiencing dementia: The significance of relational ethics.Gerd S. Sellevold, Veslemøy Egede-Nissen, Rita Jakobsen & Venke Sørlie - 2013 - Nursing Ethics (3):0969733012462050.
    The degree of success in creating quality care for people suffering from dementia is limited despite extensive research. This article describes Healthcare providers’ experience with the ethical challenges and possibilities in the relationship with patients suffering from dementia and its impact on quality care. The material is based on qualitative, in-depth individual narrative interviews with 12 professional Healthcare providers from two different nursing homes. The transcribed interview texts were subjected to a phenomenological–hermeneutical interpretation. To provide quality care to patients with (...)
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  22. The essential Wittgenstein.Gerd Brand - 1979 - New York: Basic Books.
     
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  23.  75
    From tools to theories: A heuristic of discovery in cognitive psychology.Gerd Gigerenzer - 1991 - Psychological Review 98 (2):254-267.
  24. Metaphysics and the Philosophy of Science. The Classical Origins — Descartes to Kant.Gerd Buchdahl - 1969 - Studia Leibnitiana 3 (3):224-227.
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  25. Causality, causal laws and scientific theory in the philosophy of Kant.Gerd Buchdahl - 1965 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 16 (63):187-208.
  26.  44
    On cognitive illusions and rationality.Gerd Gigerenzer - 1991 - In Probability and Rationality. Amsterdam: Rodopi. pp. 225-249.
  27. (1 other version)Homo Heuristicus: Why Biased Minds Make Better Inferences.Gerd Gigerenzer & Henry Brighton - 2009 - Topics in Cognitive Science 1 (1):107-143.
    Heuristics are efficient cognitive processes that ignore information. In contrast to the widely held view that less processing reduces accuracy, the study of heuristics shows that less information, computation, and time can in fact improve accuracy. We review the major progress made so far: the discovery of less-is-more effects; the study of the ecological rationality of heuristics, which examines in which environments a given strategy succeeds or fails, and why; an advancement from vague labels to computational models of heuristics; the (...)
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  28. Os filósofos pré-socráticos.Gerd A. Bornheim - 1967 - São Paulo,: Editôra Cultrix.
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  29.  7
    Zur Lage der Philosophie: ihre verborgene historische Kontinuität und Zielperspektive.Gerd Pohlenz - 2012 - Berlin: Lit.
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  30.  10
    N’essayons pas de compter l’intelligible sur les doigts.Gerd Van Riel - 2002 - Philosophie Antique 2:199-219.
    Cet article examine la façon dont Damascius, le dernier diadoque de l’académie platonicienne à Athènes, intègre les principes ontologiques du Philèbe dans son système. A l’opposé de ses prédécesseurs, Damascius refuse d’accepter une opposition des principes de la limite et de l’illimitation immédiatement au-dessous de l’Un (principe de la cause), car une telle opposition briserait l’unité de l’Un. Après une présentation de la doctrine des premiers principes selon Damascius, l’auteur discute la critique de ce dernier vis-à-vis de ses précurseurs, avant (...)
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  31.  11
    „Die Entscheidung über Krieg und Feind“ Tötungs- und Todesbereitschaft.Gerd Roellecke - 2003 - In Reinhard Mehring (ed.), Carl Schmitt: Der Begriff des Politischen: Ein Kooperativer Kommentar. Akademie Verlag. pp. 93-110.
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  32.  3
    Quality care for persons experiencing dementia.Gerd S. Sellevold, Veslemøy Egede-Nissen, Rita Jakobsen & Venke Sørlie - 2013 - Nursing Ethics 20 (3):263-272.
    The degree of success in creating quality care for people suffering from dementia is limited despite extensive research. This article describes healthcare providers’ experience with the ethical challenges and possibilities in the relationship with patients suffering from dementia and its impact on quality care. The material is based on qualitative, in-depth individual narrative interviews with 12 professional healthcare providers from two different nursing homes. The transcribed interview texts were subjected to a phenomenological–hermeneutical interpretation. To provide quality care to patients with (...)
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  33. Issues in robot ethics seen through the lens of a moral Turing test.Anne Gerdes & Peter Øhrstrøm - 2015 - Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 13 (2):98-109.
    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore artificial moral agency by reflecting upon the possibility of a Moral Turing Test and whether its lack of focus on interiority, i.e. its behaviouristic foundation, counts as an obstacle to establishing such a test to judge the performance of an Artificial Moral Agent. Subsequently, to investigate whether an MTT could serve as a useful framework for the understanding, designing and engineering of AMAs, we set out to address fundamental challenges within (...)
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  34.  85
    On narrow norms and vague heuristics: A reply to Kahneman and Tversky.Gerd Gigerenzer - 1996 - Psychological Review 103 (3):592-596.
  35.  33
    Overcoming difficulties in Bayesian reasoning: A reply to Lewis and Keren (1999) and Mellers and McGraw (1999).Gerd Gigerenzer & Ulrich Hoffrage - 1999 - Psychological Review 106 (2):425-430.
  36. How (far) can rationality be naturalized?Gerd Gigerenzer & Thomas Sturm - 2012 - Synthese 187 (1):243-268.
    The paper shows why and how an empirical study of fast-and-frugal heuristics can provide norms of good reasoning, and thus how (and how far) rationality can be naturalized. We explain the heuristics that humans often rely on in solving problems, for example, choosing investment strategies or apartments, placing bets in sports, or making library searches. We then show that heuristics can lead to judgments that are as accurate as or even more accurate than strategies that use more information and computation, (...)
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  37.  13
    Königsherrschaft und Konfliktbewältigung im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert.Gerd Althoff - 1989 - Frühmittelalterliche Studien 23 (1):265-290.
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  38.  25
    (1 other version)Die moderne Grundlegungstheorie und der Galileische Naturbegriff.Gerd Wolandt - 1964 - Philosophia Naturalis 8 (1/2):159-164.
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  39.  6
    Der Mensch in der modernen Biologie.Gerd-Heinrich Neumann - 1972 - Essen : Ludgerus-Verlag,:
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  40.  29
    Sustainable Development as a Challenge for Undergraduate Students: The Module “Science Bears Responsibility” in the Leuphana Bachelor’s Programme: Commentary on “A Case Study of Teaching Social Responsibility to Doctoral Students in the Climate Sciences”.Gerd Michelsen - 2013 - Science and Engineering Ethics 19 (4):1505-1511.
    The Leuphana Semester at Leuphana University Lüneburg, together with the module “Science bears responsibility” demonstrate how innovative methods of teaching and learning can be combined with the topic of sustainable development and how new forms of university teaching can be introduced. With regard to module content, it has become apparent that, due to the complexity of the field of sustainability, a single discipline alone is unable to provide analyses and solutions. If teaching in higher education is to adequately deal with (...)
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  41.  46
    Tools=Theories=Data? On Some Circular Dynamics in Cognitive Science.Gerd Gigerenzer & Thomas Sturm - 2007 - In Mitchell G. Ash & Thomas Sturm (eds.), Psychology’s Territories: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives from Different Disciplines. Erlbaum.
  42.  11
    Embodied Prevention.Gerd Kempermann - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Evidence-based recommendations for lifestyles to promote healthy cognitive aging root in reductionistic studies of mostly physical measurable factors with large effect sizes. In contrast, most people consider factors like autonomy, purpose, social participation and engagement, etc. as central to a high quality of life in old age. Evidence for a direct causal impact of these factors on healthy cognitive aging is still limited, albeit not absent. Ultimately, however, individual lifestyle is a complex composite of variables relating to both body and (...)
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  43. The Image of Newton and Locke in the Age of Reason.Gerd Buchdahl - 1961 - Sheed & Ward.
  44. Moral Satisficing: Rethinking Moral Behavior as Bounded Rationality.Gerd Gigerenzer - 2010 - Topics in Cognitive Science 2 (3):528-554.
    What is the nature of moral behavior? According to the study of bounded rationality, it results not from character traits or rational deliberation alone, but from the interplay between mind and environment. In this view, moral behavior is based on pragmatic social heuristics rather than moral rules or maximization principles. These social heuristics are not good or bad per se, but solely in relation to the environments in which they are used. This has methodological implications for the study of morality: (...)
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  45.  19
    Die Lebenswelt.Gerd Brand - 1972 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 32 (4):589-590.
  46.  63
    Kant and the dynamics of reason: essays on the structure of Kant's philosophy.Gerd Buchdahl - 1992 - Cambridge, USA: Blackwell.
  47.  13
    Understanding consciousness: its function and brain processes.Gerd Sommerhoff - 2000 - Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
    “This is surely the ultimate expression of the top-down approach to consciousness, written with Sommerhoff's characteristic clarity and precision. It says far more than other books four times the size of this admirably concise volume. This book is destined to become a pillar of the subject.” —Rodney Cotterill, Technical University of Denmark The problem of consciousness has been described as a mystery about which we are still in a terrible muddle and in Understanding Consciousness: Its Function and Brain Processes, the (...)
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  48.  35
    EvoDevo Shapes the Extended Synthesis.Gerd B. Müller - 2014 - Biological Theory 9 (2):119-121.
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  49.  3
    Wissenschaftsgeschichte in Rezensionen.Gerd Roellecke - 2013 - Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
    Zwischen 1992 und 2008 erschienen in der Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung 133 Buchbesprechungen aus der Feder von Gerd Roellecke, der 2011 verstarb. Die in diesem Band nachgedruckte Auswahl bietet ein Panorama wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse, philosophischer Gedanken und politischer Standpunkte im Spiegel der pointierten Urteile Roelleckes. Den zeithistorischen Hintergrund bildet die Neuorientierung Deutschlands und Europas in den Jahren zwischen Wiedervereinigung und globaler Finanzkrise. Der Mannheimer Staatsrechtslehrer pruft Bucher aus allen Fachern, die sich im weitesten Sinne mit der Verfassung des sozialen Lebens beschaftigen, (...)
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  50.  59
    A Representation of Quantum Measurement in Order-Unit Spaces.Gerd Niestegge - 2008 - Foundations of Physics 38 (9):783-795.
    A certain generalization of the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics beyond operator algebras is considered. The approach is based on the concept of conditional probability and the interpretation of the Lüders-von Neumann quantum measurement as a probability conditionalization rule. A major result shows that the operator algebras must be replaced by order-unit spaces with some specific properties in the generalized approach, and it is analyzed under which conditions these order-unit spaces become Jordan algebras. An application of this result provides a (...)
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