Public activities carried out on social media may trigger religious identity based social riot. Such social unrest is observed to have surfaced initially as religious rage channeled via social media. It is, indeed, a fact that various issues on religion, which is regarded as sacred, hallowed, and revered, are discussed freely on social media, and it may very easily incite social turbulence. In the case of vihara burning and rioting in the city of Tanjung Balai, North Sumatera, (...) Indonesia, a social riot was instigated by users of social media who mutually provoked resentment against one another, there was also the Budha statue which posed as a latent triggering factor threatening inter-religious relations within societal culture fond of congregating. This article discusses the case of vihara burning which had occurred in Tanjung Balai, North Sumatera, Indonesia, where in research data were acquired through in-depth interviews with several informants active on social media, community figures, and police personnel. (shrink)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana kondisi dan iklim pemahaman masyarakat mengenai qada dan qadar dalam konteks di tengah pandemi saat ini, khususnya pada masyarakat dusun pereng desa Ngasin Balongpanggang Gresik yang masih banyak disalahpahami oleh beberapa lapisan masyarakat awam. hal ini sebagai basic awal dalam melakukan upaya preventif penyebaran covid-19 (Corona Virus Diseases-19) melalui rekonseptualisasi nilai-nilai qada dan qadar. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif, yakni menganalisis dan menyajikan fakta secara sistematis, sehingga dapat lebih mudah untuk dipahami dan disimpulkan. (...) Sedangkan sumber data dibagi menjadi dua, yakni primer adalah sumber data asli yang didapatkan secara langsung dari objek penelitian agar mendapatlan data yang pasti dan Sekunder, data yang diperoleh secara literatur dengan mencari informasi dan data berupa jurnal, buku-buku, dan media sosial yang bersangkutan dengan kesadaran masyarakat dalam melakukan upaya preventif penyebaran covid-19. Hasil penelitian adalah masih banyak sekali perusakan makna mengenai qada dan qadar dalam pemahaman masyarakat yang dilatarbelakangi oleh sistem kepercayaan animisme dan dinamisme yang pernah dipegang oleh nenek moyang mereka pada masa lalu, sehingga Covid-19 kemudian sangat rentan menular dari satu muslim ke muslim yang lain. (shrink)

Abstrak: Analisa Wacana Kritis (AWK - Critical Discourse Analysis) dewasa ini menjadi metodologi yang banyak dipakai untuk penelitian di bidang media dan masalah-masalah sosial, budaya dan politik, terutama untuk membongkar bentuk-bentuk dominasi, ketidakadilan, diskriminasi atau ketidakbebasan. Wacana sebagai praksis sosial mencerminkan kehidupan masyarakat yang diwarnai retorika, manipulasi dan penyesatan. Karena itu, AWK mau menganalisis praksis wacana yang mengonstruksi masalah ketidakberesan sosial tersebut dan meneliti bagaimana ideologi dibekukan dalam bahasa agar akhirnya bisa mencairkannya. Menurut penulis, AWK mengandung (...) tiga kelemahan epistemologis yang cukup mendasar: pertama, posisi metodologis yang mendorong agar peneliti memihak kepada korban dan mereka yang membutuhkan perubahan berimplikasi pada kondisi ideologis pendekatan ini. Kedua, pendekatan multidisiplin, tanpa disertai syarat-syarat rigoris dalam penggunaan teori-teori lain, menempatkan derajat keteramalan AWK dipertanyakan. Ketiga, rigoritas ilmiah dianggap tidak ketat karena para pionernya masih menggunakan konsep yang beragam untuk menunjuk fenomen yang sama. Kata-kata Kunci: Wacana, ideologi, teks, intertekstualitas, interdiskursivitas, praksis sosial, konstruksi, keteramalan, rekontekstualisasi, genre dan gaya. Abstract: At present, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is widely used as the preferred methodology for research in domain of media as well as in sociological, cultural and political fields. This method serves as an instrument of deconstruction for injustice, discrimination, abuse of power, and limitation of freedom. Discourse as social praxis reflects the social life embedded by rhetoric, manipulation and misleading. Thus, the task of CDA is to analyze the discourse praxis that constructs social problem and to investigate how ideology has been frozen firmly in language and how to unfrozen it. In my opinion, CDA risks to be trapped in three epistemological weaknesses that consist of, first, the methodological standpoint that encourages reseachers to take a position in favor of the victim or those who need a change, tends to be bound by ideological condition. Second, the need for multidisciplinary approach without requiring rigorous conditions in adopting theoretical references entails the weakness of its predictability. Third, there is a lack of scientific rigorism as indicated by the use of different concepts by the CDA pioneers to point to a similar phenomenon. Keywords: Discourse, ideology, text, intertextuality, interdiscursivity, social praxis, construction, predictability, recontextualization, genre and style. (shrink)

This paper examines the creation and use of names that refer to a mass violence in Indonesia that occurred in May 1998 in several cities. The media has dubbed the event the May 1998 riots. Alternative names have been widely used and each represents either a different portrayal of the event or social political stance towards the event. Using discourse analysis, this paper will demonstrate how the choice of names affects presentation of the event, recognition of what actually happened (...) and the identification of parties involved, both the perpetrator and the victim. The labels assigned by the media to the event serve to promote certain points of view, shape social narrative and influence readers’ understanding of political violence. This paper found that the use of May 1998 as the token has blurred the nature of the event that is arguably politically motivated and downplayed the violence suffered by a particular group targeted during the riots. Abstrak Tulisan ini meneliti penggunaan nama untuk peristiwa kekerasan massa di Indonesia yang terjadi pada bulan Mei 1998 di beberapa kota. Media massa pada umumnya menggunakan nama Kerusuhan Mei 1998 untuk merujuk pada peristiwa tersebut. Beberapa nama alternatif juga dipergunakan secara luas dan masing-masing nama merepresentasikan gambaran atau pandangan sosial politis yang berbeda terhadap peristiwa tersebut. Penulis akan menggunakan analisa diskursus untuk menunjukkan bagaimana penamaan berpengaruhterhadap presentasi peristiwa, pengakuan atas apa yang terjadi dan pengidentifi kasian pihak-pihak yang terlibat, baik sebagai pelaku maupun korban. Label yang diberikan oleh media massa terhadap peristiwa tersebut berperan dalam membentuk narasi sosial dan mempengaruhi pemahaman pembaca akan kejadian tersebut. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan Mei 1998 sebagai penanda pada penamaan telah mengaburkan peristiwa yang dilatarbelakangi unsur politis tersebut dan juga menyampingkan kekerasan yang dialami oleh kelompok tertentu selama kerusuhan. (shrink)

In this article, I engage with aesthetic experience as a central hermeneutic endeavour for theorising performing arts audiences in the Arab region. I argue that a critical engagement with Arab performing arts audiences’ aesthetic experiences necessitates both an archaeological manoeuver and a re-articulation of two keywords: ‘experience’ and ‘everyday’. The article advances, using evidence from research, that allowing the audiences of performing arts in the Arab region to speak may be a step towards democratising the triangular meaning making process among (...) the performer, the audience, and the art institution, and a means towards dislocating, if not liberating, the categories Arab culture, art, performance, and experience, from their teleological articulations. (shrink)

This essay will examine the role of cultural memory in an age of global interconnection. It will discuss how the traditional idea of culture is threatened by the “culture industry,” information technology and the media. In the West, there seems to be a loss of culture’s function as an engine of change and reform. But throughout the history of South East Asia (and especially in Indonesia) one sees a both a process of appropriation of ideas from the outside, and (...) at the same time, the maintenance of a deeper cultural identity that is resistant to complete control. It is an unconscious memory – or a cultural reflex – present within the languages and stories and rationalities. I will explain this with reading of Michel de Certeau. And I will show how the Wayang story of the “Death of Semar” is emblematic of this idea. The awareness of these old processes of appropriation and resistance are extremely important in our age of global networks of power that attempt to impose, various religious, political, financial and legal structures. (shrink)

Social media offers a platform for diffused stakeholders to interact with firms—alternatively praising, questioning, and chastising businesses for their CSR performance and seeking to engage in two-way dialogue. In 2014, 163,402 public messages were sent to Fortune 200 firms’ CSR-focused Twitter accounts, each of which was either shared, replied to, “liked,” or ignored by the targeted firm. This paper examines firm reactions to these messages, building a model of firm response to stakeholders that combines the notions of CSR communication (...) and stakeholder salience. Our findings show that firm response to a stakeholder on social media is positively and most significantly associated with what we refer to as the stakeholder’s connective power but negatively associated with the firm’s own connective power. To a lesser extent, firm response is positively associated with the stakeholder’s normative power but negatively associated with the firm’s own normative power. Firm response is also shown to be positively associated with stakeholder urgency in terms of both the originality of a stakeholder message and the expression of positive sentiment. (shrink)

Background Policies to use financial incentives to encourage healthy behaviour are controversial. Much of this controversy is played out in the mass media, both reflecting and shaping public opinion. Objective To describe UK mass media coverage of incentive schemes, comparing schemes targeted at different client groups and assessing the relative prominence of the views of different interest groups. Design Thematic content analysis. Subjects National and local news coverage in newspapers, news media targeted at health-care providers and popular (...) websites between January 2005 and February 2010. Setting UK mass media. Results The study included 210 articles. Fifteen separate arguments favourable towards schemes, and 19 unfavourable, were identified. Overall, coverage was more favourable than unfavourable, although most articles reported a mix of views. Arguments about the prevalence and seriousness of the health problems targeted by incentive schemes were uncontested. Moral and ethical objections to such schemes were common, focused in particular on recipients such as drug users or the overweight who were already stereotyped as morally deficient, and these arguments were largely uncontested. Arguments about the effectiveness of schemes and their potential for benefit or harm were areas of greater contestation. Government, public health and other health-care provider interests dominated favourable coverage; oppo- sition came from rival politicians, taxpayersÕ representatives, certain charities and from some journalists themselves. Conclusions Those promoting incentive schemes for people who might be regarded as ÔundeservingÕ should plan a media strategy that anticipates their public reception. (shrink)

This book uses the conceptual tools of philosophy to shed light on digital media and on the way in which they bear upon our existence. At the turn of the century, the rise of digital media significantly changed our world. The digitizing of traditional media has extraordinarily increased the circulation of texts, sound, and images. Digital media have also widened our horizons and altered our relationship with others and with ourselves. Information production and communication are still (...) undoubtedly significant aspects of digital media and life. Recently, however, recording, registration and keeping track have taken the upper hand in both online practices and the imaginaries related to them. The essays in this book therefore focus primarily on the idea that digital media involve a significant overlapping between communication and recording. (shrink)

본 연구의 목적은 미디어(Media) 기술의 발전이 만든 인공적 환경이 인간의 삶에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지를 연구하는 큰 기획에 따라 이루어졌다. 본 논고를 통해 논자는 현대 미디어 기술이 만든 환경이 인간의 인식 방식을 변화시키고 있다는 주장을 제기할 것이다. 그리고 이 주장에 대한 문제의식을 가지고서, 인간의 인식 방식의 변화에 대한 환경철학적 관점의 비판적 고찰을 시도할 것이다. 이 연구의 과정에서 미디어 환경에 의해 변화 되는 인간의 인식 방식을 우리들이 어떻게 해석해야 할 것인지에 대한 새로운 관점의 담론을 전개할 것이다. 그리고 본 논고에서 논의의 (...) 핵심을 전개하는 데에는 현대의 미디어 기술에 중요한 논의의 틀을 제시한, 마셜 맥루언(Marshall Mcluhan)의 주장과 예시적 설명들을 참고할 것이며, 아울러 그에 대한 해석을 제시할 것이다. 세부적인 연구 내용 및 논의 전개는 크게 다음과 같은 세 단계로 다루어질 것이다. 첫째, ‘환경’에 대한 새로운 연구 관점의 변화가 필요함을 서술할 것이다. 둘째, 미디어 기술이 만든 인공적 환경에 의해 변화되는 인간의 인식 방식에 대한 새로운 담론을 제기할 것이다. 미디어 기술에 대한 마셜 맥루언의 독창적인 문제의식을 함께 고찰 하면서, 이를 그의‘미디어는 메시지이다.’는 명제를 통해 제기할 것이다. 셋째, 미디어 기술에 대한 맥루언의 비판적 관점이 담긴 감각 마비의 가능성에 대해 환경철학적 관점의 비판적 고찰을 전개할 것이다. 위와 같은 논의 전개를 토대로, 결론적으로, 논자는 미디어 기술이 변화시킨 인간의 인식 방식에 대한 실천적․반성적 비판의 중요성을 강조할 것이다. 그리고 ‘지구촌’ 환경 속 인간의 미래에 대한 우리의 관심과 비판적 고찰이 오늘날 강하게 요구된다는 점을 강조할 것이다. (shrink)

When social media influencers post sponsored content, it should be recognizable as such. However, there is no European Union-wide legislation governing sponsorship transparency, and monitoring practices differ significantly across member states. In Romania, where we conducted our study, such regulations are only just emerging, and there are weak monitoring policies regarding advertising disclosure on SMI branded posts. In this study, we examined how two different types of advertising disclosure commonly used on Instagram are likely to affect consumers’ behavioral outcomes, (...) such as purchase intention and intention toward the SMI, mediated by the activation of conceptual persuasion knowledge, via negative affect and the trustworthiness of the SMI. We conducted a three-level between-subjects online experiment, manipulating the absence versus the presence of advertising, which came in one of two types, brand-unspecific and brand-specific. Considering the mediation path via the trustworthiness of the SMI, findings suggest that the paid partnership disclosure had positive outcomes for purchase intention and intention toward the SMI. (shrink)

Abnormal body weight has been subject to varying assessments over time. The stigmatization of obesity for aesthetic reasons only began in the Western world in the second half of the 19th century, and in the 20th century its association with increased mortality was recognized. Body weight is associated with social and cultural meanings that affect human identity, and discussions about it generate considerable emotion. Words used to refer to body weight can influence people's self-perceptions, attitudes and behavior. Experimental studies have (...) shown that even brief exposure to body-related words can trigger automatic judgements and evaluations about body shape and weight. These negative and often implicit associations are symptomatic of a wider social stigma associated with weight. Recent evidence points to globalization and the presence of weight stigma in both developed and developing countries around the world. Numerous studies further indicate that weight shaming does not lead to weight reduction but rather to weight gain. Therefore, from a public health perspective, it is important to develop messages that are at least non-stigmatizing. The aim of this article is to present existing research on stigmatizing content in the media, as well as to analyze three selected social campaigns related to obesity. (shrink)

The subject of news media ethics has long been in the forefront of multi-media journalism. Doctored quotes, investigative journalism, plagiarism, etc. are frequently debated in newspaper editorials and have become the subject of docu-dramas. These controversies are also frequent fodder for that segment of television news that is cultivated by scandal and consumed by a voracious public.University professor Maclyn McClary's Issues in Journalism is a unique and dynamic book designed to encourage discussion and debate about news media (...) ethics. Whether the dialogue is among classmates, within focus groups, or between friends, this book guarantees animated and thought-provoking communication. What makes this book unique is the author's approach: He has created three journalists who sit around a table and argue the many and often divisive facets of ethics. At the end of each discussion is a series of questions for students and focus-group participants. It is preordained that the diversity of answers will result in lively and educational debate. (shrink)

The artworks in 'Synthetic Times' explore a trajectory of uncanny visions ranging from the desire to transcend the corporal to the construction of synthetic worlds.

This study examines the potential of fake news to produce effects on social media engagement as well as the moderating role of education and government approval. We report on a 2x2x2 online experiment conducted in Romania (N=813), in which we manipulated the level of facticity of a news story, its valence, and intention to deceive. Results show that ideologically driven news with a negative valence (rather than fabricated news or other genres, such as satire and parody) have a greater (...) virality potential. However, neither the level of education nor government approval moderate this effect. Additionally, both positive and negative ideologically driven news stories enhance the probability that people will sign a document to support the government (i. e., potential for political engagement on social media). These latter effects are moderated by government approval: Lower levels of government approval lead to less support for the government on social media, as a consequence of fake news exposure. (shrink)

An abridged and translated edition of two of Wolfgang Ernst’s major works, representing the ambitious claim of a comprehensive knowledge-oriented analysis of media temporalities.

En el presente escrito se ofrece un compendio de notas críticas en torno a las dificultades con las que se topa actualmente un investigador de temas relacionados con la Edad Media, se exponen los argumentos más comunes y las respuestas que destacados medievalistas han ensayado. El cometido de este trabajo es, en primer lugar, poner de manifiesto el prejuicio que persiste en torno al Medioevo. Luego, el de brindar un cuerpo bibliográfico que ayude a quienes deban justificar todavía hoy (...) las motivaciones de su elección. En tercer lugar, de constituirse en un instrumento de trabajo que vendrá enriquecido y actualizado sucesivamente, por nosotros mismos o por aquellos que se interesen en él. Finalmente, bajo el concepto de “_medioevofobia_”, hemos intentado asuntar las tristes experiencias tenidas y que asumimos continuaremos teniendo algún tiempo más. (shrink)

In the age of surveillance capitalism, the prevailing business model underlying the use of social media applications (“apps”) foresees the exchange of personal data for the allowance to use an online service. Such a data business model comes with many potential negative side effects ranging from violation of privacy issues to election manipulation. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to think of alternatives to the current data business model. The present study investigated how strong the support would be for (...) a monetary payment model among a sample of 210 participants. Participants were asked about their willingness to pay for social media, if in turn their data would be private and other problems concerning social media use would be tackled. Only one-fifth of participants (21.43%) supported such a model. From the Big Five Personality traits, Agreeableness was positively associated with support of such a model. Finally, data are also provided on how much participants would be willing to pay for social media on a monthly basis. The present study’s findings are of a preliminary nature and will contribute to the start of an important discussion. (shrink)

Streets of Crocodiles is a walk on the wild side, an expedition down a melancholy boulevard of dreams.---J. Hoberman, film critic, Village Voice, author of The Red Atlantis: Communist Culture in the Absence of Communism --Book Jacket.