Results for 'closure maps'

950 found
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  1.  50
    On the constructive notion of closure maps.Mohammad Ardeshir & Rasoul Ramezanian - 2012 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 58 (4-5):348-355.
    Let A be a subset of the constructive real line. What are the necessary and sufficient conditions for the set A such that A is continuously separated from other reals, i.e., there exists a continuous function f with f−1(0) = A? In this paper, we study the notions of closed sets and closure maps in constructive reverse mathematics.
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  2. Closures in ℵ0-categorical bilinear maps.Andreas Baudisch - 2000 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 65 (2):914 - 922.
    It is possible to define a combinatorial closure on alternating bilinear maps with few relations similar to that in [2]. For the ℵ 0 - categorical case we show that this closure is part of the algebraic closure.
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  3. Van Cleve versus closure.John Bacon - 1990 - Philosophical Studies 58 (3):239-242.
    In "Supervenience, Necessary Coextension, and Reducibility" (Philosophical Studies 49, 1986, 163-176), among other results, I showed that weak or ordinary supervenience is equivalent to Jaegwon Kim's strong supervenience, given certain assumptions: S4 modality, the usual modal conception of properties as class-concepts, and diagonal closure or resplicing of the set of base properties. This last means that any mapping of possible worlds into extensions of base properties counts itself as a base property. James Van Cleve attacks the modal conception of (...)
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  4.  66
    Symmetry, Compact Closure and Dagger Compactness for Categories of Convex Operational Models.Howard Barnum, Ross Duncan & Alexander Wilce - 2013 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 42 (3):501-523.
    In the categorical approach to the foundations of quantum theory, one begins with a symmetric monoidal category, the objects of which represent physical systems, and the morphisms of which represent physical processes. Usually, this category is taken to be at least compact closed, and more often, dagger compact, enforcing a certain self-duality, whereby preparation processes (roughly, states) are interconvertible with processes of registration (roughly, measurement outcomes). This is in contrast to the more concrete “operational” approach, in which the states and (...)
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  5.  23
    The Categorical Equivalence Between Domains and Interpolative Generalized Closure Spaces.Longchun Wang & Qingguo Li - 2023 - Studia Logica 111 (2):187-215.
    Closure space has been proven to be a useful tool to restructure lattices and various order structures. This paper aims to provide an approach to characterizing domains by means of closure spaces. The notion of an interpolative generalized closure space is presented and shown to generate exactly domains, and the notion of an approximable mapping between interpolative generalized closure spaces is identified to represent Scott continuous functions between domains. These produce a category equivalent to that of (...)
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  6. Technologies aren't what they used to be: Problematising closure and relevant social groups.Michael Khoo - 2005 - Social Epistemology 19 (2 & 3):283 – 285.
    The sociotechnical concept of closure requires researchers to identify the relevant social groups and technological frames associated with a technology, and also to map the social, political, economic, and other forces which, over time, reduce an artifacts's interpretative flexibility to a more singular and homogeneous sociotechnical formation. The closure concept has proven very useful, but I argue that its success has led it to acquire a quasi-objective status that can unnecessarily restrict the power of sociotechnical analyses. Rather than (...)
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  7. Characteristics of structurally finite classes of order-preserving three-valued logic maps.Anton A. Esin - forthcoming - Logic Journal of the IGPL.
    This paper investigates structural properties of monotone function classes within the framework of three-valued logic (3VL), aiming to characterize dependencies and constraints that ensure structural finiteness and order-preserving properties. This research delves into characteristics of structurally finite classes of order-preserving 3VL map. Monotonicity plays a critical role in understanding functional behaviour, which is essential for structuring closed logical operations within $ P_{k} $. We define $ F $ as a closed class in $ P_{k} $, consisting only of mappings that (...)
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  8.  63
    Reconstructing an Open Order from Its Closure, with Applications to Space-Time Physics and to Logic.Francisco Zapata & Vladik Kreinovich - 2012 - Studia Logica 100 (1-2):419-435.
    In his logical papers, Leo Esakia studied corresponding ordered topological spaces and order-preserving mappings. Similar spaces and mappings appear in many other application areas such the analysis of causality in space-time. It is known that under reasonable conditions, both the topology and the original order relation $${\preccurlyeq}$$ can be uniquely reconstructed if we know the “interior” $${\prec}$$ of the order relation. It is also known that in some cases, we can uniquely reconstruct $${\prec}$$ (and hence, topology) from $${\preccurlyeq}$$. In this (...)
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  9.  19
    A Light Visual Mapping and Navigation Framework for Low-Cost Robots.David Filliat, Emmanuel Battesti & Stephane Bazeille - 2015 - Journal of Intelligent Systems 24 (4):505-524.
    We address the problems of localization, mapping, and guidance for robots with limited computational resources by combining vision with the metrical information given by the robot odometry. We propose in this article a novel light and robust topometric simultaneous localization and mapping framework using appearance-based visual loop-closure detection enhanced with the odometry. The main advantage of this combination is that the odometry makes the loop-closure detection more accurate and reactive, while the loop-closure detection enables the long-term use (...)
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  10.  31
    Noise–Disturbance Relation and the Galois Connection of Quantum Measurements.Claudio Carmeli, Teiko Heinosaari, Takayuki Miyadera & Alessandro Toigo - 2019 - Foundations of Physics 49 (6):492-505.
    The relation between noise and disturbance is investigated within the general framework of Galois connections. Within this framework, we introduce the notion of leak of information, mathematically defined as one of the two closure maps arising from the observable-channel compatibility relation. We provide a physical interpretation for it, and we give a comparison with the analogous closure maps associated with joint measurability and simulability for quantum observables.
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  11.  23
    Semantic Games for Algorithmic Players.Emmanuel Genot & Justine Jacot - unknown
    We describe a class of semantic extensive entailment game with algorithmic players, related to game-theoretic semantics, and generalized to classical first-order semantic entailment. Players have preferences for parsimonious spending of computational resources, and compute partial strategies, under qualitative uncertainty about future histories. We prove the existence of local preferences for moves, and strategic fixpoints, that allow to map eeg game-tree to the building rules and closure rules of Smullyan's semantic tableaux. We also exhibit a strategy profile that solves the (...)
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  12. Judgment aggregation with consistency alone.Franz Dietrich & Christian List - 2007 - Department of Government, London School of Economics and Political Science.
    All existing impossibility theorems on judgment aggregation require individ- ual and collective judgment sets to be consistent and complete (in some recent results with completeness relaxed to deductive closure), arguably a demand- ing rationality requirement. They do not carry over to aggregation functions mapping pro…les of (merely) consistent individual judgment sets to (merely) consistent collective ones. We prove that, whenever the agenda of propositions under consideration exhibits mild interconnections, any such aggregation func- tion that is "neutral" between the acceptance (...)
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  13.  2
    On Geometric Implications.Amirhossein Akbar Tabatabai - 2025 - Studia Logica 113 (1):79-108.
    It is a well-known fact that although the poset of open sets of a topological space is a Heyting algebra, its Heyting implication is not necessarily stable under the inverse image of continuous functions and hence is not a geometric concept. This leaves us wondering if there is any stable family of implications that can be safely called geometric. In this paper, we will first recall the abstract notion of implication as a binary modality introduced in Akbar Tabatabai (Implication via (...)
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  14.  23
    Multiscalar Temporality in Human Behaviour: A Case Study of Constraint Interdependence in Psychotherapy.Juan M. Loaiza, Sarah B. Trasmundi & Sune V. Steffensen - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11:531462.
    Ecological psychology (EP) and the enactive approach (EA) may benefit from a more focused view of lived temporality and the underlying temporal multiscalar nature of human living. We propose multiscalar temporality (MT) as a framework that complements EP and EA, and moves beyond their current conceptualisation of timescales and inter-scale relationships in organism-environment dynamical systems. MT brings into focus the wide ranging and meshwork-like interdependencies at play in human living and the questions concerning how agents are intimately entangled in such (...)
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  15.  34
    Beethoven's Ninth Symphony: The Sense of an Ending.Maynard Solomon - 1991 - Critical Inquiry 17 (2):289-305.
    The question of what constitutes a finished work is thrown open, reminding us that in certain of his completed autographs Beethoven continued the process that he normally reserved for the earlier stages of composition, setting out further choices, possibilities, and interchangeabilities, including radical alterations in goal as well as detail. In particular, the revision of movement endings was one of his long-standing preoccupations. In works of his middle period, Emil Platen observed, Beethoven continued to make essential alterations in the closing (...)
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  16.  47
    Changing explanatory frameworks in the U.S. government’s attempt to define research misconduct.David H. Guston - 1999 - Science and Engineering Ethics 5 (2):137-154.
    Nearly two decades of debate have not settled the definition of research misconduct. The literature provides four explanatory frameworks for misconduct. The paper examines these frameworks and maps them onto efforts by the U.S. Public Health Service to define research misconduct and subsequent responses to these efforts by the scientific community. The changing frameworks suggest that closure will not be achieved without an authoritative effort, which may occur through the Research Integrity Panel’s recent attempt to create a government-wide (...)
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  17.  56
    Hyperformulas and Solid Algebraic Systems.Klaus Denecke & Dara Phusanga - 2008 - Studia Logica 90 (2):263-286.
    Defining a composition operation on sets of formulas one obtains a many-sorted algebra which satisfies the superassociative law and one more identity. This algebra is called the clone of formulas of the given type. The interpretations of formulas on an algebraic system of the same type form a many-sorted algebra with similar properties. The satisfaction of a formula by an algebraic system defines a Galois connection between classes of algebraic systems of the same type and collections of formulas. Hypersubstitutions are (...)
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  18. Brain as a Complex System and the Emergence of Mind.Sahana Rajan - 2017 - Dissertation,
    The relationship between brain and mind has been extensively explored through the developments within neuroscience over the last decade. However, the ontological status of mind has remained fairly problematic due to the inability to explain all features of the mind through the brain. This inability has been considered largely due to partial knowledge of the brain. It is claimed that once we gain complete knowledge of the brain, all features of the mind would be explained adequately. However, a challenge to (...)
     
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  19.  47
    Comparative Expectations.Arthur Paul Pedersen - 2014 - Studia Logica 102 (4):811-848.
    I introduce a mathematical account of expectation based on a qualitative criterion of coherence for qualitative comparisons between gambles (or random quantities). The qualitative comparisons may be interpreted as an agent’s comparative preference judgments over options or more directly as an agent’s comparative expectation judgments over random quantities. The criterion of coherence is reminiscent of de Finetti’s quantitative criterion of coherence for betting, yet it does not impose an Archimedean condition on an agent’s comparative judgments, it does not require the (...)
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  20.  28
    Sheaf recursion and a separation theorem.Nathanael Leedom Ackerman - 2014 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 79 (3):882-907.
    Define a second order tree to be a map between trees. We show that many properties of ordinary trees have analogs for second order trees. In particular, we show that there is a notion of “definition by recursion on a well-founded second order tree” which generalizes “definition by transfinite recursion”. We then use this new notion of definition by recursion to prove an analog of Lusin’s Separation theorem for closure spaces of global sections of a second order tree.
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  21.  22
    From reasonable preferences, via argumentation, to logic.Justine Jacot, Emmanuel Genot & Frank Zenker - 2016 - Journal of Applied Logic 18:105-128.
    This article demonstrates that typical restrictions which are imposed in dialogical logic in order to recover first-order logical consequence from a fragment of natural language argumentation are also forthcoming from preference profiles of boundedly rational players, provided that these players instantiate a specific player type and compute partial strategies. We present two structural rules, which are formulated similarly to closure rules for tableaux proofs that restrict players' strategies to a mapping between games in extensive forms and proof trees. Both (...)
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  22. Political Poetry: A Few Notes. Poetics for N30.Jeroen Mettes - 2012 - Continent 2 (1):29-35.
    continent. 2.1 (2012): 29–35. Translated by Vincent W.J. van Gerven Oei from Jeroen Mettes. "Politieke Poëzie: Enige aantekeningen, Poëtica bij N30 (versie 2006)." In Weerstandbeleid: Nieuwe kritiek . Amsterdam: De wereldbibliotheek, 2011. Published with permission of Uitgeverij Wereldbibliotheek, Amsterdam. L’égalité veut d’autres lois . —Eugène Pottier The modern poem does not have form but consistency (that is sensed), no content but a problem (that is developed). Consistency + problem = composition. The problem of modern poetry is capitalism. Capitalism—which has no (...)
     
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  23. Teaching and learning guide for: Recent work on propositions.Peter Hanks - 2009 - Philosophy Compass 4 (5):889-892.
    Some of the most interesting recent work in philosophy of language and metaphysics is focused on questions about propositions, the abstract, truth-bearing contents of sentences and beliefs. The aim of this guide is to give instructors and students a road map for some significant work on propositions since the mid-1990s. This work falls roughly into two areas: challenges to the existence of propositions and theories about the nature and structure of propositions. The former includes both a widely discussed puzzle about (...)
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  24. Algebraic and Kripke Semantics for Substructural Logics.Chrysafis Hartonas - 1994 - Dissertation, Indiana University
    A systematic approach to the algebraic and Kripke semantics for logics with restricted structural rules, notably for logics on an underlying non-distributive lattice, is developed. We provide a new topological representation theorem for general lattices, using the filter space X. Our representation involves a galois connection on subsets of X, hence a closure operator $\Gamma$, and the image of the representation map is characterized as the collection of $\Gamma$-stable, compact-open subsets of the filter space . The original lattice ${\cal (...)
     
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  25.  46
    Aspects of predicative algebraic set theory I: Exact Completion.Benno van den Berg & Ieke Moerdijk - 2008 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 156 (1):123-159.
    This is the first in a series of papers on Predicative Algebraic Set Theory, where we lay the necessary groundwork for the subsequent parts, one on realizability [B. van den Berg, I. Moerdijk, Aspects of predicative algebraic set theory II: Realizability, Theoret. Comput. Sci. . Available from: arXiv:0801.2305, 2008], and the other on sheaves [B. van den Berg, I. Moerdijk, Aspects of predicative algebraic set theory III: Sheaf models, 2008 ]. We introduce the notion of a predicative category with small (...)
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  26. Bachelard and Deleuze on and with Experimental Science, Experimental Philosophy, and Experimental Music.Iain Campbell - 2019 - In Guillaume Collett, Deleuze, Guattari, and the Problem of Transdisciplinarity. Bloomsbury. pp. 73-104.
    In this chapter I look at some questions around the notion of experimentation in philosophy, science, and the arts, through the thought of Gaston Bachelard and Gilles Deleuze. My argument is articulated around three areas of enquiry – Bachelard’s work on the experimental sciences, Deleuze’s notion of philosophy as an experimental practice, and recent musicological debate around the practical and political stakes of the term ‘experimental music’. By drawing together these three senses of experimentation, I test the possibilities of understanding (...)
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  27.  20
    On Geometric Implications.Amirhossein Akbar Tabatabai - forthcoming - Studia Logica:1-30.
    It is a well-known fact that although the poset of open sets of a topological space is a Heyting algebra, its Heyting implication is not necessarily stable under the inverse image of continuous functions and hence is not a geometric concept. This leaves us wondering if there is any stable family of implications that can be safely called geometric. In this paper, we will first recall the abstract notion of implication as a binary modality introduced in Akbar Tabatabai (Implication via (...)
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  28. Is Religion a Necessary Condition for the Emergence of Knowledge? Some Explanatory Hypotheses.Viorel Rotila - 2019 - Postmodern Openings 10 (3):202-228.
    By using the general investigation framework offered by the cognitive science of religion (CSR), I analyse religion as a necessary condition for the evolutionary path of knowledge. The main argument is the "paradox of the birth of knowledge": in order to get to the meaning of the part, a sense context is needed; but a sense of the whole presupposes the sense (meaning) of the parts. Religion proposes solutions to escape this paradox, based on the imagination of sense (meaning) contexts, (...)
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  29.  47
    Ann Sharp’s Concept of Personhood and the Spiritual Dimension of the Community of Philosophical Inquiry.Hamad Al-Rayes - 2023 - Childhood and Philosophy 19:01-20.
    In this paper, I critically explore Ann Sharp’s conception of personhood as it figures in the theory and practice of the community of philosophical inquiry (CPI). Through surveying Sharp’s rich and varied philosophical output, it will be shown how Sharp’s conception of personhood as a trilateral relationship (between self, other(s), and community) maps onto “the Three C’s” of critical, creative, and caring thinking that make up the practice of Philosophy for Children. After thus presenting Sharp’s conception of personhood, the (...)
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  30.  14
    Around Exponential-Algebraic Closedness.Francesco Paolo Gallinaro - 2023 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 29 (2):300-300.
    We present some results related to Zilber’s Exponential-Algebraic Closedness Conjecture, showing that various systems of equations involving algebraic operations and certain analytic functions admit solutions in the complex numbers. These results are inspired by Zilber’s theorems on raising to powers.We show that algebraic varieties which split as a product of a linear subspace of an additive group and an algebraic subvariety of a multiplicative group intersect the graph of the exponential function, provided that they satisfy Zilber’s freeness and rotundity conditions, (...)
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  31. Topics in Mathematical Consciousness Science.Johannes Kleiner - 2024 - Dissertation, Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy & Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
    The scientific study of consciousness, also referred to as consciousness science, is a young scientific field devoted to understanding how conscious experiences and the brain relate. It comprises a host of theories, experiments, and analyses that aim to investigate the problem of consciousness empirically, theoretically, and conceptually. This thesis addresses some of the questions that arise in these investigations from a formal and mathematical perspective. These questions concern theories of consciousness, experimental paradigms, methodology, and artificial consciousness. -/- Regarding theories of (...)
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  32.  46
    Distributing arguments.Molly Diesing & Eloise Jelinek - 1995 - Natural Language Semantics 3 (2):123-176.
    We examine several cases of object movement from various languages, and demonstrate that the syntactic behavior of objects can be derived from certain conditions on LF representations. Conditions on LF relevant to the distribution of arguments are identified as relative scope fixing and type mismatch repair. These two conditions interact with the multiple semantic types that may be assigned to NPs (cf. Partee 1987) to induce movement of certain objects out of the VP, universally by LF and parametrically in the (...)
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  33.  36
    On Turing degrees of points in computable topology.Iraj Kalantari & Larry Welch - 2008 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 54 (5):470-482.
    This paper continues our study of computable point-free topological spaces and the metamathematical points in them. For us, a point is the intersection of a sequence of basic open sets with compact and nested closures. We call such a sequence a sharp filter. A function fF from points to points is generated by a function F from basic open sets to basic open sets such that sharp filters map to sharp filters. We restrict our study to functions that have at (...)
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  34.  24
    An order‐theoretic characterization of the Schütte‐Veblen‐Hierarchy.Andreas Weiermann - 1993 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 39 (1):367-383.
    For f: On → On let supp: = ξ: 0, and let S := {f : On → On : supp finite}. For f,g ϵ S definef ≤ g : ↔ [h one-to-one ⁁ f ≤ g)].A function ψ : S → On is called monotonic increasing, if f≤ψ and if f ≤ g implies ψ ≤ ψ. For a mapping ψ : S → On let Clψ be the least set T of ordinals which contains 0 as an element (...)
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  35.  64
    The Chang-Łoś-Suszko theorem in a topological setting.Paul Bankston - 2006 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 45 (1):97-112.
    The Chang-Łoś-Suszko theorem of first-order model theory characterizes universal-existential classes of models as just those elementary classes that are closed under unions of chains. This theorem can then be used to equate two model-theoretic closure conditions for elementary classes; namely unions of chains and existential substructures. In the present paper we prove a topological analogue and indicate some applications.
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  36.  10
    De Nugis Curialium.Walter Map - 1983 - Oxford University Press UK.
    Walter Map was a twelfth-century courtier and royal servant. He was a prolific writer, but De Nugis Curialium is the only surviving work confidently attributed to him. The book is a collection of short stories and anecdotes about the court, religion and history. Map's references demonstrate that he read widely, not only biblical and theological works, but also classical authors such as Horace, Virgil, Ovid and Juvenal. The only surviving manuscript of the work is a fourteenth-century copy once belonging to (...)
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  37. Maps, Pictures, and Predication.John Kulvicki - 2015 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 2.
  38. Maps, Simulations, Spaces and Dynamics: On Distinguishing Types of Structural Representations.Marco Facchin - 2024 - Erkentnnis.
    Structural representations are likely the most talked about representational posits in the contemporary debate over cognitive representations. Indeed, the debate surrounding them is so vast virtually every claim about them has been made. Some, for instance, claimed structural representations are different from indicators. Others argued they are the same. Some claimed structural representations mesh perfectly with mechanistic explanations, others argued they can’t in principle mash. Some claimed structural representations are central to predictive processing accounts of cognition, others rebuked predictive processing (...)
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  39. Iconic Representation: Maps, Pictures, and Perception.Tyler Burge - 2018 - In Wuppuluri Shyam & Francisco Antonio Dorio, The Map and the Territory: Exploring the Foundations of Science, Thought and Reality. Springer. pp. 79-100.
    Maps and realist pictures comprise prominent sub-classes of iconic representations. The most basic, most important sub-class is perception. Other types are drawings, photographs, musical notations, diagrams, bar graphs, abacuses, hieroglyphs, and color chits.
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  40. We commonly call religious ideology, ethical ideology, legal ideology, political ideology, etc. so many'world outlooks'. Of course, assuming that we do not live one of these ideologies as the truth (eg'believe'in God, Duty, Justice, etc....), we admit that the ideology we are discussing from a critical point of view, examining it as the ethnologist examines the myths of. [REVIEW]Mapping Ideology - 1999 - In Jessica Evans & Stuart Hall, Visual culture: the reader. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications in association with the Open University. pp. 317.
     
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  41.  39
    Causal maps and Bayes nets: A cognitive and computational account of theory-formation.Alison Gopnik & Clark Glymour - 2002 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen P. Stich & Michael Siegal, The Cognitive Basis of Science. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 117--132.
  42. The Case Against Closure.Fred I. Dretske - 2013 - In Matthias Steup & John Turri, Contemporary Debates in Epistemology. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Blackwell. pp. 13--25.
     
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  43.  15
    Approximating MAPs for belief networks is NP-hard and other theorems.Ashraf M. Abdelbar & Sandra M. Hedetniemi - 1998 - Artificial Intelligence 102 (1):21-38.
  44.  14
    East Asia in Old Maps.B. S. & Hiroshi Nakamura - 1966 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 86 (2):264.
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  45. Thinking with maps.Elizabeth Camp - 2007 - Philosophical Perspectives 21 (1):145–182.
    Most of us create and use a panoply of non-sentential representations throughout our ordinary lives: we regularly use maps to navigate, charts to keep track of complex patterns of data, and diagrams to visualize logical and causal relations among states of affairs. But philosophers typically pay little attention to such representations, focusing almost exclusively on language instead. In particular, when theorizing about the mind, many philosophers assume that there is a very tight mapping between language and thought. Some analyze (...)
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  46.  95
    An empirical investigation of the relationships between ethical beliefs, ethical ideology, political preference and need for closure.Patrick Van Kenhove, Iris Vermeir & Steven Verniers - 2001 - Journal of Business Ethics 32 (4):347-361.
    An analysis is presented of the relationships between consumers ethical beliefs, ethical ideology, Machiavellianism, political preference and the individual difference variable "need for closure". It is based on a representative survey of 286 Belgian respondents. Standard measurement tools of proven reliability and robustness are used to measure ethical beliefs (consumer ethics scale), ethical ideology (ethical positioning), Machiavellianism (Mach IV scale) and need for closure. The analysis finds the following. First, individuals with a high need for closure tend (...)
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  47. Glycemia Regulation: From Feedback Loops to Organizational Closure.Leonardo Bich, Matteo Mossio & Ana M. Soto - 2020 - Frontiers in Physiology 11.
    Endocrinologists apply the idea of feedback loops to explain how hormones regulate certain bodily functions such as glucose metabolism. In particular, feedback loops focus on the maintenance of the plasma concentrations of glucose within a narrow range. Here, we put forward a different, organicist perspective on the endocrine regulation of glycaemia, by relying on the pivotal concept of closure of constraints. From this perspective, biological systems are understood as organized ones, which means that they are constituted of a set (...)
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  48. The epistemic closure principle.Steven Luper - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Most of us think we can always enlarge our knowledge base by accepting things that are entailed by (or logically implied by) things we know. The set of things we know is closed under entailment (or under deduction or logical implication), which means that we know that a given claim is true upon recognizing, and accepting thereby, that it follows from what we know. However, some theorists deny that knowledge is closed under entailment, and the issue remains controversial. The arguments (...)
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  49.  98
    Investigating Phenomenal Consciousness: New Methodologies and Maps.Max Velmans (ed.) - 2000 - Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
    How can one investigate phenomenal consciousness? As in other areas of science, the investigation of consciousness aims for a more precise knowledge of its phenomena, and the discovery of general truths about their nature. This requires the development of appropriate first-person, second-person and third-person methods. This book introduces some of the creative ways in which these methods can be applied to different purposes, e.g. to understanding the relation of consciousness to brain, to examining or changing consciousness as such, and to (...)
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  50. Contra-aligned maps produce lawful errors.Dh Warren & M. Rossano - 1987 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 25 (5):338-338.
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