Results for 'Wilson David'

948 found
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  1.  8
    Salt-boy.David Whish-Wilson - 2016 - Thesis Eleven 135 (1):134-138.
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  2. Reintroducing group selection to the human behavioral sciences.David Sloan Wilson & Elliott Sober - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (4):585-608.
    In both biology and the human sciences, social groups are sometimes treated as adaptive units whose organization cannot be reduced to individual interactions. This group-level view is opposed by a more individualistic one that treats social organization as a byproduct of self-interest. According to biologists, group-level adaptations can evolve only by a process of natural selection at the group level. Most biologists rejected group selection as an important evolutionary force during the 1960s and 1970s but a positive literature began to (...)
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  3.  28
    A proposed experimental test of Puccetti's dual consciousness hypothesis.David L. Wilson - 1983 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6 (4):735.
  4. Los grupos humanos como unidades adaptativas: hacia un consenso teórico permanente.David Wilson - 2004 - Ludus Vitalis 12 (21):91-108.
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  5.  9
    Laying the foundation for evonomics.David Sloan Wilson - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39.
    The target article is a major step toward integrating the biological and human-related sciences. It is highly relevant to economics and public policy formulation in the real world, in addition to its basic scientific import. My commentary covers a number of points, including avoiding an excessively narrow focus on agriculture, the importance of multilevel selection and complex systems theory, and utopic versus dystopic scenarios for the future.
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  6. On the relationship between evolutionary and psychological definitions of altruism and selfishness.David Sloan Wilson - 1992 - Biology and Philosophy 7 (1):61-68.
    I examine the relationship between evolutionary definitions of altruism that are based on fitness effects and psychological definitions that are based on the motives of the actor. I show that evolutionary altruism can be motivated by proximate mechanisms that are psychologically either altruistic or selfish. I also show that evolutionary definitions do rely upon motives as a metaphor in which the outcome of natural selection is compared to the decisions of a psychologically selfish (or altruistic) individual. Ignoring the precise nature (...)
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  7.  50
    Altruism, evolutionary psychology, and learning.David Sloan Wilson & Ralph R. Miller - 2002 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25 (2):281-282.
    Rachlin's substantive points about the relationship between altruism and self-control are obscured by simplistic and outdated portrayals of evolutionary psychology in relation to learning theory.
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  8.  9
    Should New Economic Thinking Be Incremental or Paradigmatic?David Sloan Wilson - 2018 - Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 2 (1):37-40.
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  9.  63
    Sociopathy within and between small groups.David Sloan Wilson - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):577-577.
    If sociopathy is a biological adaptation, it probably evolved in small social groups in which individuals lacked the social mobility required for a con-man strategy to work. On the other hand, conflicts between groups may have provided a large niche for sociopathy throughout human history.
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  10.  11
    The struggle to evolve complexity.David Sloan Wilson - 2003 - Bioessays 25 (2):189-190.
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  11.  25
    Gossip and other aspects of language as group-level adaptations.David Sloane Wilson, Carolyn Wilczynski, Alexandra Wells & Laura Weiser - 2000 - In Celia Heyes & Ludwig Huber, The Evolution of Cognition. MIT Press.
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  12. Anglo-Saxon/Irish Relations before the Vikings.M. Wilson David - 2009
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  13.  8
    Historical Overview To see why cooperation and altruism pose a prob-lem for evolutionary theory, consider the evolution of a nonsocial adaptation, such as cryptic color-ation. Imagine a population of moths that vary in.David Sloan Wilson - 2001 - In C. W. Fox D. A. Roff, Evolutionary Ecology: Concepts and Case Studies.
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  14.  35
    Innate psychology and open-ended processes: Finding the middle ground.David Sloan Wilson - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (2):219-219.
    Rolls's mechanistic account of emotion can help to bridge a rift within the field of evolutionary psychology. One side of the rift emphasizes the importance of innate psychological mechanisms that evolved to solve specific problems encountered in the ancestral environment. The other side emphasizes learning, development, and culture as open-ended evolutionary processes in their own right. Rolls shows how these two views can be reconciled, allowing a productive middle ground to be explored.
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  15.  43
    P. G. Tait and edinburgh natural philosophy, 1860–1901.David B. Wilson - 1991 - Annals of Science 48 (3):267-287.
    Though P. G. Tait was in a seemingly perfect position to teach both William Thomson's thermodynamics and James Clerk Maxwell's electromagnetic theory of light, he did not. Tait probably first encountered the new thermodynamics in the 1850s at Queen's College, Belfast, and presented the ideas in his inaugural lecture at Edinburgh in 1860, soon making energy theory the centre-piece of his course there. The comprehensiveness of energy theory plus Thomson's opposition to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory evidently combined in causing Tait to (...)
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  16.  21
    Victorian Science and Religion.David B. Wilson - 1977 - History of Science 15 (1):52-67.
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  17.  30
    British Journal for the History of Science. John Brooke.David Wilson - 1990 - Isis 81 (2):282-285.
  18. Evolution and Contextual Behavioral Science.David Sloan Wilson & Steven C. Hayes - 2018 - In David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes & Anthony Biglan, Evolution & contextual behavioral science: an integrated framework for understanding, predicting, & influencing human behavior. Oakland, Calif.: Context Press, an imprint of New Harbinger Publications.
  19.  27
    Economics and the act.David Wilson & William Dixon - 2004 - Social Epistemology 18 (1):71 – 84.
  20. Health and the Ecology of Altruism.David Sloan Wilson, D. Ph & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - 2007 - In Stephen Garrard Post, Altruism and Health: Perspectives From Empirical Research. Oup Usa.
     
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  21.  20
    Problems with the altruism hypothesis.David Sloan Wilson - 1989 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12 (3):548-548.
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  22.  35
    Religious Groups as Adaptive Units.David Sloan Wilson - 2001 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 23 (3/4):467 - 503.
    This essay provides a sketch of religion as a set of biologically and culturally evolved adaptations that enable human groups to function as adaptive units. Recent developments in evolutionary biology make such a group-level interpretation of religion more plausible than in the past. A brief survey of relevant concepts is followed by a relatively detailed interpretation of Calvinism as a religious system in which explicit behavioral prescriptions, beliefs about God and his relationship with people, and numerous social control mechanisms combined (...)
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  23. Species of thought: A comment on evolutionary epistemology.David Sloan Wilson - 1990 - Biology and Philosophy 5 (1):37-62.
    The primary outcome of natural selection is adaptation to an environment. The primary concern of epistemology is the acquistion of knowledge. Evolutionary epistemology must therefore draw a fundamental connection between adaptation and knowledge. Existing frameworks in evolutionary epistemology do this in two ways; (a) by treating adaptation as a form of knowledge, and (b) by treating the ability to acquire knowledge as a biologically evolved adaptation. I criticize both frameworks for failing to appreciate that mental representations can motivate behaviors that (...)
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  24.  58
    Anecdotes, omniscience, and associative learning in examining the theory of mind.Steven M. Green, David L. Wilson & Siân Evans - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (1):122-122.
    We suggest that anecdotes have evidentiary value in interpreting nonhuman primate behavior. We also believe that any outcome from the experiments proposed by Heyes can be interpreted as a product of previous experience with trainers or as associative learning using the experimental cues. No potential outcome is clearcut evidence for or against the theory of mind proposition.
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  25. Unto Others: The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior.Elliott Sober & David Sloan Wilson - 1998 - Harvard University Press.
    The authors demonstrate that unselfish behavior is in fact an important feature of both biological and human nature. Their book provides a panoramic view of altruism throughout the animal kingdom--from self-sacrificing parasites to the human capacity for selflessness--even as it explains the evolutionary sense of such behavior.
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  26.  72
    Cognitive cooperation.David Sloan Wilson, John J. Timmel & Ralph R. Miller - 2004 - Human Nature 15 (3):225-250.
    Cooperation can evolve in the context of cognitive activities such as perception, attention, memory, and decision making, in addition to physical activities such as hunting, gathering, warfare, and childcare. The social insects are well known to cooperate on both physical and cognitive tasks, but the idea of cognitive cooperation in humans has not received widespread attention or systematic study. The traditional psychological literature often gives the impression that groups are dysfunctional cognitive units, while evolutionary psychologists have so far studied cognition (...)
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  27. Beyond commissurotomy: Clues to consciousness.J. E. LeDoux, David H. Wilson & Michael S. Gazzaniga - 1979 - In Michael S. Gazzaniga, Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology. , Volume 2.
  28. On the inappropriate use of the naturalistic fallacy in evolutionary psychology.David Sloan-Wilson, Eric Dietrich & Anne Clark - 2003 - Biology and Philosophy 18 (5):669-681.
    The naturalistic fallacy is mentioned frequently by evolutionary psychologists as an erroneous way of thinking about the ethical implications of evolved behaviors. However, evolutionary psychologists are themselves confused about the naturalistic fallacy and use it inappropriately to forestall legitimate ethical discussion. We briefly review what the naturalistic fallacy is and why it is misused by evolutionary psychologists. Then we attempt to show how the ethical implications of evolved behaviors can be discussed constructively without impeding evolutionary psychological research. A key is (...)
     
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  29. Dialogue on Behavioral and Physical Health.Participants: Aaron P. Blaisdell, David Sloan Wilson & Kelly G. Wilson - 2018 - In David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes & Anthony Biglan, Evolution & contextual behavioral science: an integrated framework for understanding, predicting, & influencing human behavior. Oakland, Calif.: Context Press, an imprint of New Harbinger Publications.
     
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  30.  63
    Critical Commentary on Unto Others.David Sloan Wilson & Elliott Sober - 2002 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 65 (3):697-701.
    Altruism has both an evolutionary and a psychological meaning. As the term is used in evolutionary theory, a trait is deemed altruistic if it reduces the fitness of the actor and enhances the fitness of someone else. In its psychological sense, the thesis that we have altruistic ultimate motives asserts that we care about the welfare of others, not just as a means of enhancing our own well-being, but as an end in itself. In Unto Others (hereafter UO), we consider (...)
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  31. Das Adam Smith Problem - A Critical Realist Perspective.David Wilson & William Dixon - 2006 - Journal of Critical Realism 5 (2):251-272.
    The old Das Adam Smith Problem is no longer tenable. Few today believe that Smith postulates two contradictory principles of human action: one in the Wealth of Nations and another in the Theory of Moral Sentiments . Nevertheless, an Adam Smith problem of sorts endures: there is still no widely agreed version of what it is that links these two texts, aside from their common author; no widely agreed version of how, if at all, Smith's postulation of self-interest as the (...)
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  32.  31
    Language and levels of selection.Lee Alan Dugatkin & David Sloan Wilson - 1993 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16 (4):701-701.
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  33.  7
    Scotland’s Philosophico-Chemical Physics.David B. Wilson - 2023 - In Wolfgang Lefèvre, Between Leibniz, Newton, and Kant: Philosophy and Science in the Eighteenth Century. Springer. pp. 177-194.
    The chapter focusses on the Scottish natural philosophy of the late eighteenth century represented by John Anderson (1726–1796) and John Robison (1739–1805), which is considered a link between Newton’s natural philosophy and nineteenth-century physics in Britain (Kelvin and Maxwell). Anderson and Robison have to be seen in a tradition of Scottish Newtonians established in the seventeenth century by David Gregory and John Keill and specifically shaped in the Mid-eighteenth century through the chemical-physical work of Joseph Black and the common-sense (...)
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  34.  40
    Evolution for Everyone: How Darwin’s Theory Can Change the Way We Think About Our Lives.David Sloan Wilson - 2007 - New York: Delacorte Press.
    Wilson outlines the basic principles of evolution with stories that entertain as much as they inform, and shows how, properly understood, these principles can illuminate the length and breadth of creation, from the origin of life to the nature of religion. Now everyone can move beyond the sterile debates about creationism and intelligent design to share Darwin's panoramic view of animal and human life, seamlessly connected to each other. Evolution, as Wilson explains, is not just about dinosaurs and (...)
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  35.  50
    Adaptive misbeliefs are pervasive, but the case for positive illusions is weak.David Sloan Wilson & Steven Jay Lynn - 2009 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32 (6):539-540.
    It is a foundational prediction of evolutionary theory that human beliefs accurately approximate reality only insofar as accurate beliefs enhance fitness. Otherwise, adaptive misbeliefs will prevail. Unlike McKay & Dennett (M&D), we think that adaptive belief systems rely heavily upon misbeliefs. However, the case for positive illusions as an example of adaptive misbelief is weak.
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  36.  38
    Sentimentality, communicative action and the social self: Adam Smith meets Jürgen Habermas.David Wilson & William Dixon - 2009 - History of the Human Sciences 22 (3):75-99.
    There is a long and tortuous history of misinterpreting Smithian social theory. After rehearsing that history we offer here a way of understanding Smith that, unlike much of recent revisionist Smith scholarship, does not further add to this confusion. Our proposal is to understand the relation between moral and economic behaviour in Smith as analogous to the way in which Habermas makes strategic (and normatively oriented) behaviour parasitic on a more basic communicative competence. Given this analogy, it is ironic that (...)
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  37.  25
    Does Altruism Exist?: Culture, Genes, and the Welfare of Others.David Sloan Wilson - 2015 - Yale University Press.
    _A powerful treatise that demonstrates the existence of altruism in nature, with surprising implications for human society_ Does altruism exist? Or is human nature entirely selfish? In this eloquent and accessible book, famed biologist David Sloan Wilson provides new answers to this age-old question based on the latest developments in evolutionary science. From an evolutionary viewpoint, Wilson argues, altruism is inextricably linked to the functional organization of groups. “Groups that work” undeniably exist in nature and human society, (...)
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  38. An artisan of the floating word: Thomas Paine and his historians.David Wilson - 1999 - Enlightenment and Dissent 18:199-217.
     
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  39.  43
    Collaborating on evolving the future.David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes, Anthony Biglan & Dennis D. Embry - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (4):438-460.
    We thank the commentators for an extraordinarily diverse and constructive set of comments. Nearly all applaud our goal of sketching a unified science of change, even while raising substantive points that we look forward to addressing in our reply, which we group into the following categories: What counts as evolutionary; Ethical considerations; Complexity; Symbotypes, culture, and the future; What intentional cultural change might look like; An evolving science of cultural change; and Who decides?
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  40.  11
    Education Costs, Human Capital Theory and Tax Policy.David A. Wilson & Michael L. Moore - 1973 - Business and Society 14 (1):13-18.
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  41.  35
    Essay Review: Aether Studies: Nineteenth Century Aether Theories, the Ethereal Aether: A History of the Michelson-Morley-Miller Aether Drift Experiments, 1880–1930.David B. Wilson - 1974 - History of Science 12 (3):220-227.
  42. FLAIRS 21.David Wilson & Chad H. Lane (eds.) - 2008 - AAAI Press.
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  43.  23
    From Galaxies to Turbines: Science, Technology, and the Parsons Family. Garrett W. Scaife.David Wilson - 2001 - Isis 92 (3):616-618.
  44. Group level evolutionary processes.David Sloan Wilson - 2009 - In Robin Dunbar & Louise Barrett, Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology. Oxford University Press.
     
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  45.  43
    Human Groups as Adaptive Units.David Sloan Wilson - 2005 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich, The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents. New York, US: Oxford University Press on Demand. pp. 78.
  46.  15
    Pathology, evolution, and altruism.David Sloan Wilson - 2011 - In Barbara Oakley, Ariel Knafo, Guruprasad Madhavan & David Sloan Wilson, Pathological Altruism. Oxford University Press.
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  47. Proceedings of the Twenty-First International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference.David Wilson & H. Chad Lane (eds.) - 2008 - AAAI Press.
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  48. (1994) Reintroducing group selection to the human behavioral sciences. BBS 17: 585-654.David S. Wilson & Elliot Sober - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):777.
     
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  49. Stylistic Influences in Early Manx Sculpture.David M. Wilson - 2009 - In Wilson David M., Anglo-Saxon/Irish Relations before the Vikings. pp. 311.
     
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  50.  16
    The Flying Spider.David S. Wilson - 1971 - Journal of the History of Ideas 32 (3):447.
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