Results for 'Wilson David'

953 found
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  1.  28
    A proposed experimental test of Puccetti's dual consciousness hypothesis.David L. Wilson - 1983 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6 (4):735.
  2. Los grupos humanos como unidades adaptativas: hacia un consenso teórico permanente.David Wilson - 2004 - Ludus Vitalis 12 (21):91-108.
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  3. Defining Leadership.David Carl Wilson - 2022 - Philosophy of Management 21 (1):99-128.
    This essay examines the concept of leadership as it is commonly understood within the field of leadership studies today. The inquiry is framed by an analysis of three generally accepted definitions of leadership. I look at the selected definitions from four angles, which I call the four dimensions of leadership: the behavioral (what the leader does, or ought to do, that makes it leadership), the asymmetrical (in what sense a leader is different from the others in the group), the social (...)
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  4. Reintroducing group selection to the human behavioral sciences.David Sloan Wilson & Elliott Sober - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (4):585-608.
    In both biology and the human sciences, social groups are sometimes treated as adaptive units whose organization cannot be reduced to individual interactions. This group-level view is opposed by a more individualistic one that treats social organization as a byproduct of self-interest. According to biologists, group-level adaptations can evolve only by a process of natural selection at the group level. Most biologists rejected group selection as an important evolutionary force during the 1960s and 1970s but a positive literature began to (...)
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  5.  63
    Critical Commentary on Unto Others.David Sloan Wilson & Elliott Sober - 2002 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 65 (3):697-701.
    Altruism has both an evolutionary and a psychological meaning. As the term is used in evolutionary theory, a trait is deemed altruistic if it reduces the fitness of the actor and enhances the fitness of someone else. In its psychological sense, the thesis that we have altruistic ultimate motives asserts that we care about the welfare of others, not just as a means of enhancing our own well-being, but as an end in itself. In Unto Others (hereafter UO), we consider (...)
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  6.  25
    Does Altruism Exist?: Culture, Genes, and the Welfare of Others.David Sloan Wilson - 2015 - Yale University Press.
    _A powerful treatise that demonstrates the existence of altruism in nature, with surprising implications for human society_ Does altruism exist? Or is human nature entirely selfish? In this eloquent and accessible book, famed biologist David Sloan Wilson provides new answers to this age-old question based on the latest developments in evolutionary science. From an evolutionary viewpoint, Wilson argues, altruism is inextricably linked to the functional organization of groups. “Groups that work” undeniably exist in nature and human society, (...)
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  7.  42
    Multilevel selection and the social transmission of behavior.David Sloan Wilson & Kevin M. Kniffin - 1999 - Human Nature 10 (3):291-310.
    Many evolutionary models assume that behaviors are caused directly by genes. An implication is that behavioral uniformity should be found only in groups that are genetically uniform. Yet, the members of human social groups often behave in a uniform fashion, despite the fact that they are genetically diverse. Behavioral uniformity can occur through a variety of psychological mechanisms and social processes, such as imitation, consensus decision making, or the imposition of social norms. We present a series of models in which (...)
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  8.  30
    British Journal for the History of Science. John Brooke.David Wilson - 1990 - Isis 81 (2):282-285.
  9. Evolution and Contextual Behavioral Science.David Sloan Wilson & Steven C. Hayes - 2018 - In David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes & Anthony Biglan, Evolution & contextual behavioral science: an integrated framework for understanding, predicting, & influencing human behavior. Oakland, Calif.: Context Press, an imprint of New Harbinger Publications.
  10.  27
    Economics and the act.David Wilson & William Dixon - 2004 - Social Epistemology 18 (1):71 – 84.
  11. Health and the Ecology of Altruism.David Sloan Wilson, D. Ph & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - 2007 - In Stephen Garrard Post, Altruism and Health: Perspectives From Empirical Research. Oup Usa.
     
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  12.  35
    Religious Groups as Adaptive Units.David Sloan Wilson - 2001 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 23 (3/4):467 - 503.
    This essay provides a sketch of religion as a set of biologically and culturally evolved adaptations that enable human groups to function as adaptive units. Recent developments in evolutionary biology make such a group-level interpretation of religion more plausible than in the past. A brief survey of relevant concepts is followed by a relatively detailed interpretation of Calvinism as a religious system in which explicit behavioral prescriptions, beliefs about God and his relationship with people, and numerous social control mechanisms combined (...)
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  13. Anglo-Saxon/Irish Relations before the Vikings.M. Wilson David - 2009
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  14.  35
    Innate psychology and open-ended processes: Finding the middle ground.David Sloan Wilson - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (2):219-219.
    Rolls's mechanistic account of emotion can help to bridge a rift within the field of evolutionary psychology. One side of the rift emphasizes the importance of innate psychological mechanisms that evolved to solve specific problems encountered in the ancestral environment. The other side emphasizes learning, development, and culture as open-ended evolutionary processes in their own right. Rolls shows how these two views can be reconciled, allowing a productive middle ground to be explored.
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  15.  21
    Victorian Science and Religion.David B. Wilson - 1977 - History of Science 15 (1):52-67.
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  16.  50
    Testing major evolutionary hypotheses about religion with a random sample.David Sloan Wilson - 2005 - Human Nature 16 (4):382-409.
    Theories of religion that are supported with selected examples can be criticized for selection bias. This paper evaluates major evolutionary hypotheses about religion with a random sample of 35 religions drawn from a 16-volume encyclopedia of world religions. The results are supportive of the group-level adaptation hypothesis developed in Darwin’s Cathedral: Evolution, Religion, and the Nature of Society (Wilson 2002). Most religions in the sample have what Durkheim called secular utility. Their otherworldly elements can be largely understood as proximate (...)
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  17.  50
    Altruism, evolutionary psychology, and learning.David Sloan Wilson & Ralph R. Miller - 2002 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25 (2):281-282.
    Rachlin's substantive points about the relationship between altruism and self-control are obscured by simplistic and outdated portrayals of evolutionary psychology in relation to learning theory.
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  18.  63
    Sociopathy within and between small groups.David Sloan Wilson - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):577-577.
    If sociopathy is a biological adaptation, it probably evolved in small social groups in which individuals lacked the social mobility required for a con-man strategy to work. On the other hand, conflicts between groups may have provided a large niche for sociopathy throughout human history.
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  19.  40
    Evolution for Everyone: How Darwin’s Theory Can Change the Way We Think About Our Lives.David Sloan Wilson - 2007 - New York: Delacorte Press.
    Wilson outlines the basic principles of evolution with stories that entertain as much as they inform, and shows how, properly understood, these principles can illuminate the length and breadth of creation, from the origin of life to the nature of religion. Now everyone can move beyond the sterile debates about creationism and intelligent design to share Darwin's panoramic view of animal and human life, seamlessly connected to each other. Evolution, as Wilson explains, is not just about dinosaurs and (...)
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  20. The Philosophy of Management Today.David Carl Wilson - 2023 - Philosophy of Management 22 (4):493-503.
    This essay reviews the recently released Handbook of Philosophy of Management, using it as a jumping off point to explore some potential confusions in contemporary philosophy of management. The handbook itself, comprising 58 articles and some 1,000 pages, is a milestone for the field. At the same time, it brings a few problems into sharp relief. I argue for more clarity about the distinction between the philosophy of management and the philosophy of management research. I make the case that logic (...)
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  21.  42
    Eyes on the Streets: Media Use and Public Opinion About Facial Recognition Technology.David C. Wilson, Ashley Paintsil, Wyatt Dawson, James Bingaman & Paul R. Brewer - 2022 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 42 (4):133-143.
    This study examines how different forms of media use predict attitudes toward the development of facial recognition technology (FRT) and applications of it by law enforcement to identify criminal suspects, identify potential terrorists, and monitor public protests. The theoretical framework builds on theories of cultivation and genre-specific viewing to develop hypotheses and research questions. The analyses draw on original data from two nationally representative surveys of the U.S. public conducted in 2020, amid a series of controversies and protests about policing (...)
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  22. On the relationship between evolutionary and psychological definitions of altruism and selfishness.David Sloan Wilson - 1992 - Biology and Philosophy 7 (1):61-68.
    I examine the relationship between evolutionary definitions of altruism that are based on fitness effects and psychological definitions that are based on the motives of the actor. I show that evolutionary altruism can be motivated by proximate mechanisms that are psychologically either altruistic or selfish. I also show that evolutionary definitions do rely upon motives as a metaphor in which the outcome of natural selection is compared to the decisions of a psychologically selfish (or altruistic) individual. Ignoring the precise nature (...)
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  23. Leadership, Management, and the History of Ideas.David Carl Wilson - 2017 - Philosophy of Management 16 (2):183-189.
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  24. Did the Devil Make Darwin Do It? Modern Perspectives on the Creation-Evolution Controversy.David B. Wilson - 1987 - Journal of the History of Biology 20 (2):284-285.
     
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  25.  58
    Anecdotes, omniscience, and associative learning in examining the theory of mind.Steven M. Green, David L. Wilson & Siân Evans - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (1):122-122.
    We suggest that anecdotes have evidentiary value in interpreting nonhuman primate behavior. We also believe that any outcome from the experiments proposed by Heyes can be interpreted as a product of previous experience with trainers or as associative learning using the experimental cues. No potential outcome is clearcut evidence for or against the theory of mind proposition.
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  26.  35
    Evolution & contextual behavioral science: an integrated framework for understanding, predicting, & influencing human behavior.David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes & Anthony Biglan (eds.) - 2018 - Oakland, Calif.: Context Press, an imprint of New Harbinger Publications.
    Evolutionary science (ES) and contextual behavioral science (CBS) have developed largely independently during the last half century. However, the earlier histories of these two bodies of knowledge are thoroughly entwined. ES provides a unifying theoretical framework for the biological sciences, and is increasingly being applied to human-related sciences. Meanwhile, CBS is concerned with influencing human behavior in a practical sense. This groundbreaking volume seeks to integrate ES and CBS to promote real, positive change in peoples' lives. Evolution and Contextual Behavioral (...)
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  27.  18
    Herschel and Whewell's Version of Newtonianism.David B. Wilson - 1974 - Journal of the History of Ideas 35 (1):79.
  28. The Leading Edge of Leadership Studies.David Carl Wilson - 2018 - Philosophy of Management 17 (3):373-378.
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  29.  61
    Evolving the future: Toward a science of intentional change.David Sloan Wilson, Steven C. Hayes, Anthony Biglan & Dennis D. Embry - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (4):395-416.
    Humans possess great capacity for behavioral and cultural change, but our ability to manage change is still limited. This article has two major objectives: first, to sketch a basic science of intentional change centered on evolution; second, to provide examples of intentional behavioral and cultural change from the applied behavioral sciences, which are largely unknown to the basic sciences community.All species have evolved mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity that enable them to respond adaptively to their environments. Some mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity (...)
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  30.  31
    Language and levels of selection.Lee Alan Dugatkin & David Sloan Wilson - 1993 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16 (4):701-701.
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  31. Species of thought: A comment on evolutionary epistemology.David Sloan Wilson - 1990 - Biology and Philosophy 5 (1):37-62.
    The primary outcome of natural selection is adaptation to an environment. The primary concern of epistemology is the acquistion of knowledge. Evolutionary epistemology must therefore draw a fundamental connection between adaptation and knowledge. Existing frameworks in evolutionary epistemology do this in two ways; (a) by treating adaptation as a form of knowledge, and (b) by treating the ability to acquire knowledge as a biologically evolved adaptation. I criticize both frameworks for failing to appreciate that mental representations can motivate behaviors that (...)
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  32.  72
    Cognitive cooperation.David Sloan Wilson, John J. Timmel & Ralph R. Miller - 2004 - Human Nature 15 (3):225-250.
    Cooperation can evolve in the context of cognitive activities such as perception, attention, memory, and decision making, in addition to physical activities such as hunting, gathering, warfare, and childcare. The social insects are well known to cooperate on both physical and cognitive tasks, but the idea of cognitive cooperation in humans has not received widespread attention or systematic study. The traditional psychological literature often gives the impression that groups are dysfunctional cognitive units, while evolutionary psychologists have so far studied cognition (...)
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  33.  47
    Emotions and actions associated with norm-breaking events.David Sloan Wilson & Rick O’Gorman - 2003 - Human Nature 14 (3):277-304.
    Norms have a strong influence on human social interactions, but the emotions and actions associated with norm-breaking events have not been systematically studied. We asked subjects to imagine themselves in a conflict situation and then to report how they would feel, how they would act, and how they would imagine the feelings and actions of their opponent. By altering the fictional scenario that they were asked to imagine (weak vs. strong norm) and the perspective of the subject (norm-breaker vs. the (...)
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  34.  12
    Archaeological evidence for the Viking settlements and raids in England.David M. Wilson - 1968 - Frühmittelalterliche Studien 2 (1):291-304.
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  35.  50
    Adaptive misbeliefs are pervasive, but the case for positive illusions is weak.David Sloan Wilson & Steven Jay Lynn - 2009 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32 (6):539-540.
    It is a foundational prediction of evolutionary theory that human beliefs accurately approximate reality only insofar as accurate beliefs enhance fitness. Otherwise, adaptive misbeliefs will prevail. Unlike McKay & Dennett (M&D), we think that adaptive belief systems rely heavily upon misbeliefs. However, the case for positive illusions as an example of adaptive misbelief is weak.
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  36.  1
    (1 other version)Did the Devil make Darwin do it?: modern perspectives on the creation-evolution controversy.David B. Wilson & Warren D. Dolphin (eds.) - 1983 - Ames: Iowa State University Press.
    A guide for scientists who would like to contribute to the professional development of science teachers for elementary schools. Based on information from over 180 programs, describes what activities work and why, and suggests how to identify programs teachers have found to be effective and take the initial steps to become involved. Also provides vignettes illustrating the daily work of science teachers. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
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  37. Group level evolutionary processes.David Sloan Wilson - 2009 - In Robin Dunbar & Louise Barrett, Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology. Oxford University Press.
     
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  38.  18
    Restricted extracellular pathways for molecular communication?David L. Wilson - 1979 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2 (3):439-440.
  39.  10
    Should New Economic Thinking Be Incremental or Paradigmatic?David Sloan Wilson - 2018 - Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture 2 (1):37-40.
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  40.  35
    The challenge of understanding complexity.David Sloan Wilson - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (1):163-164.
    Those who emphasize complexity must show how it can be studied productively. Laland et al.'s target article partially succeeds but at times gets lost in a sea of possibilities. I discuss the challenge of understanding complexity, especially with respect to multilevel evolution.
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  41.  16
    The Flying Spider.David S. Wilson - 1971 - Journal of the History of Ideas 32 (3):447.
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  42.  7
    Scotland’s Philosophico-Chemical Physics.David B. Wilson - 2023 - In Wolfgang Lefèvre, Between Leibniz, Newton, and Kant: Philosophy and Science in the Eighteenth Century. Springer. pp. 177-194.
    The chapter focusses on the Scottish natural philosophy of the late eighteenth century represented by John Anderson (1726–1796) and John Robison (1739–1805), which is considered a link between Newton’s natural philosophy and nineteenth-century physics in Britain (Kelvin and Maxwell). Anderson and Robison have to be seen in a tradition of Scottish Newtonians established in the seventeenth century by David Gregory and John Keill and specifically shaped in the Mid-eighteenth century through the chemical-physical work of Joseph Black and the common-sense (...)
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  43. Unto Others: The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior.Elliott Sober & David Sloan Wilson - 1998 - Harvard University Press.
    The authors demonstrate that unselfish behavior is in fact an important feature of both biological and human nature. Their book provides a panoramic view of altruism throughout the animal kingdom--from self-sacrificing parasites to the human capacity for selflessness--even as it explains the evolutionary sense of such behavior.
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  44. Beyond commissurotomy: Clues to consciousness.J. E. LeDoux, David H. Wilson & Michael S. Gazzaniga - 1979 - In Michael S. Gazzaniga, Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology. , Volume 2.
  45. An artisan of the floating word: Thomas Paine and his historians.David Wilson - 1999 - Enlightenment and Dissent 18:199-217.
     
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  46.  35
    Essay Review: Aether Studies: Nineteenth Century Aether Theories, the Ethereal Aether: A History of the Michelson-Morley-Miller Aether Drift Experiments, 1880–1930.David B. Wilson - 1974 - History of Science 12 (3):220-227.
  47. FLAIRS 21.David Wilson & Chad H. Lane (eds.) - 2008 - AAAI Press.
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  48.  23
    From Galaxies to Turbines: Science, Technology, and the Parsons Family. Garrett W. Scaife.David Wilson - 2001 - Isis 92 (3):616-618.
  49.  43
    Human Groups as Adaptive Units.David Sloan Wilson - 2005 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich, The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents. New York, US: Oxford University Press on Demand. pp. 78.
  50.  15
    Pathology, evolution, and altruism.David Sloan Wilson - 2011 - In Barbara Oakley, Ariel Knafo, Guruprasad Madhavan & David Sloan Wilson, Pathological Altruism. Oxford University Press.
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