Results for 'Sven Meier'

975 found
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  1.  16
    Gnothi sauton: Festschrift für Arbogast Schmitt zum 75. Geburtstag.Brigitte Kappl, Sven Meier & Arbogast Schmitt (eds.) - 2018 - Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter.
    Gnothi sauton - Erkenne dich selbst! Das Streben nach Erkenntnis und Selbsterkenntnis, das nach antiker Auffassung der Gott selbst in dieser Aufforderung dem Menschen ans Herz legt, bildet ein zentrales Moment von Arbogast Schmitts jahrzehntelanger Beschaftigung mit antiker Literatur und Philosophie, die zugleich immer auch eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit modernen Konzepten und Positionen darstellt. Die vorliegende Festschrift vereint zwolf neue Beitrage zur antiken Philosophie, Literatur und Literaturtheorie, in denen Schuler, Freunde und Weggefahrten Arbogast Schmitts dieses Erkenntnisstreben beantworten und fortsetzen. Mit (...)
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  2. The Violation of Bell Inequalities in the Macroworld.Diederik Aerts, Sven Aerts, Jan Broekaert & Liane Gabora - 2000 - Foundations of Physics 30 (9):1387-1414.
    We show that Bell inequalities can be violated in the macroscopic world. The macroworld violation is illustrated using an example involving connected vessels of water. We show that whether the violation of inequalities occurs in the microworld or the macroworld, it is the identification of nonidentical events that plays a crucial role. Specifically, we prove that if nonidentical events are consistently differentiated, Bell-type Pitowsky inequalities are no longer violated, even for Bohm's example of two entangled spin 1/2 quantum particles. We (...)
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  3.  14
    Repliken.Sven Walter - 2017 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 71 (3):425-432.
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  4.  62
    A Fuzzy-Cognitive-Maps Approach to Decision-Making in Medical Ethics.Alice Hein, Lukas J. Meier, Alena Buyx & Klaus Diepold - 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE).
    Although machine intelligence is increasingly employed in healthcare, the realm of decision-making in medical ethics remains largely unexplored from a technical perspective. We propose an approach based on fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs), which builds on Beauchamp and Childress’ prima-facie principles. The FCM’s weights are optimized using a genetic algorithm to provide recommendations regarding the initiation, continuation, or withdrawal of medical treatment. The resulting model approximates the answers provided by our team of medical ethicists fairly well and offers a high degree (...)
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  5.  30
    Changes in task-based effective connectivity in language networks following rehabilitation in post-stroke patients with aphasia.Swathi Kiran, Erin L. Meier, Kushal J. Kapse & Peter A. Glynn - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  6.  70
    Semi-revision.Sven Hansson - 1997 - Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 7 (1-2):151-175.
    ABSTRACT Semi-revision is a mode of belief change that differs from revision in that the input sentence is not always accepted. A constructive approach to semi-revision is proposed. It requires an efficient treatment of local inconsistencies, which is more easily obtainable in belief base models than in belief set models. Axiomatic characterizations of two semi-revision operators are reported.
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  7. The Sphere of Attention: Context and Margin.P. Sven Arvidson - 2006 - Springer.
    For the first time, this book classifies how attention shifts, and argues that self-awareness, reflection, and even morality, are best thought of as dynamic...
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  8.  78
    Changes in preference.Sven Ove Hansson - 1995 - Theory and Decision 38 (1):1-28.
  9.  20
    Kant's Denial of Absolute Sovereignty.Sven Arntzen - 1995 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 76 (1):1-16.
  10.  9
    The Criterion of Right Action in Kant’s Rechtslehre.Sven Arntzen - 2021 - In Camilla Serck-Hanssen & Beatrix Himmelmann (eds.), The Court of Reason: Proceedings of the 13th International Kant Congress. De Gruyter. pp. 1689-1696.
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  11.  42
    Modeling for fairness: A Rawlsian approach.Sven Diekmann & Sjoerd D. Zwart - 2014 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 46 (C):46-53.
    In this paper we introduce the overlapping design consensus for the construction of models in design and the related value judgments. The overlapping design consensus is inspired by Rawls’ overlapping consensus. The overlapping design consensus is a well-informed, mutual agreement among all stakeholders based on fairness. Fairness is respected if all stakeholders’ interests are given due and equal attention. For reaching such fair agreement, we apply Rawls’ original position and reflective equilibrium to modeling. We argue that by striving for the (...)
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  12.  85
    Multiple and iterated contraction reduced to single-step single-sentence contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 2010 - Synthese 173 (2):153-177.
    Multiple contraction (simultaneous contraction by several sentences) and iterated contraction are investigated in the framework of specified meet contraction (s.m.c.) that is extended for this purpose. Multiple contraction is axiomatized, and so is finitely multiple contraction (contraction by a finite set of sentences). Two ways to reduce finitely multiple contraction to contraction by single sentences are introduced. The reduced operations are axiomatically characterized and their properties are investigated. Furthermore, it is shown how iterated contraction can be reduced to single-step, single-sentence (...)
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  13.  31
    The Ethics of Making Patients Responsible.Sven Ove Hansson - 2018 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 27 (1):87-92.
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  14.  12
    Knowledge-level analysis of belief base operations.Sven Ove Hansson - 1996 - Artificial Intelligence 82 (1-2):215-235.
  15. Farmers’ experiments and scientific methodology.Sven Ove Hansson - 2019 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 9 (3):1-23.
    Farmers all over the world perform experiments, and have done so since long before modern experimental science and its recognized forerunners. There is a rich anthropological literature on these experiments, but the philosophical issues that they give rise to have not received much attention. Based on the anthropological literature, this study investigates methodological and philosophical issues pertaining to farmers’ experiments, including the choice of interventions to be tested, the planning of experiments, and the use of control fields and other means (...)
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  16.  16
    Attentional attenuation (rather than attentional boost) through task switching leads to a selective long-term memory decline.Michèle C. Muhmenthaler & Beat Meier - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Allocating attention determines what we remember later. Attentional demands vary in a task-switching paradigm, with greater demands for switch than for repeat trials. This also results in lower subsequent memory performance for switch compared to repeat trials. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the consequences of task switching after a long study-test interval and to examine the contributions of the two memory components, recollection and familiarity. In the study phase, the participants performed a task-switching procedure in (...)
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  17. False allegations of research misconduct.Sven Ove Hansson - 2024 - Theoria 90 (6):561-566.
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  18.  43
    The Ethics of Technology: Methods and Approaches.Sven Ove Hansson (ed.) - 2017 - New York: Rowman & Littlefield International.
    This book provides students with a toolbox for the study of the ethics of technology, exploring the methods available for ethical assessments of technologies and their social introduction. An international team of leading experts in the field provides the first comprehensive treatment of the topic, including case studies and annotated further reading.
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  19.  26
    Cultivation and the dual process of dangerous and competitive worldviews – A theoretical synthesis.Sven Jöckel & Saamah Abdallah - 2022 - Communications 47 (3):450-469.
    Cultivation research suggests that media use, particularly TV, is associated with a wide range of politically relevant views and attitudes, including perceptions of the world as a mean and dangerous place, authoritarianism, and perceived meritocracy. However, little attempt has been made to understand how these effects relate to one another and to broader models of political psychology. We present a new Cultivation–Political Psychology Interface Model, which uses Duckitt’s Dual Process Model of political psychology as a lens to understand cultivation research. (...)
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  20.  15
    The Search for Style and the Urge for Fame: Emotion Regulation and Hip-Hop Culture.Sven Ismer - 2009 - In Birgitt Röttger-Rössler & Hans Jürgen Markowitsch (eds.), Emotions as Bio-cultural Processes. Springer. pp. 351--370.
  21.  20
    Cartesian subjects lost in the Alps reflections on Ruben östlund’s force majeure.Sven Anders Johansson - 2018 - Nordic Journal of Aesthetics 27 (55-56):134-148.
    The article analyses the constitution of subjectivity in Ruben Östlund’s film Force Majeure. At the centre of attention stands the male protagonist who is uncapable of reconciling his inner nature with the external expectations. If the film may be un- derstood as a critique of existing middle-class conventions, it also reproduces a highly conventional ideal of the self-identical subject. The article argues that this confusion or irony is an expression of a Cartesian subject – still prevalent in the film – (...)
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  22.  7
    Die gouvernementale Maschine: zur politischen Philosophie Giorgio Agambens.Janine Böckelmann & Frank Meier (eds.) - 2007 - Münster: Unrast.
  23.  15
    Learning an Embodied Visual Language: Four Imitation Strategies Available to Sign Learners.Aaron Shield & Richard P. Meier - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  24.  51
    Coloured Letters and Numbers (CLaN): A reliable factor-analysis based synaesthesia questionnaire.Nicolas Rothen, Elias Tsakanikos, Beat Meier & Jamie Ward - 2013 - Consciousness and Cognition 22 (3):1047-1060.
    Synaesthesia is a heterogeneous phenomenon, even when considering one particular sub-type. The purpose of this study was to design a reliable and valid questionnaire for grapheme-colour synaesthesia that captures this heterogeneity. By the means of a large sample of 628 synaesthetes and a factor analysis, we created the Coloured Letters and Numbers questionnaire with 16 items loading on 4 different factors . These factors were externally validated with tests which are widely used in the field of synaesthesia research. The questionnaire (...)
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  25.  61
    Money-pumps, self-torturers and the demons of real life.Sven Ove Hansson - 1993 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 71 (4):476 – 485.
  26.  93
    Do we need second-order probabilities?Sven Ove Hansson - 2008 - Dialectica 62 (4):525-533.
    Although it has often been claimed that all the information contained in second-order probabilities can be contained in first-order probabilities, no practical recipe for the elimination of second-order probabilities without loss of information seems to have been presented. Here, such an elimination method is introduced for repeatable events. However, its application comes at the price of losses in cognitive realism. In spite of their technical eliminability, second-order probabilities are useful because they can provide models of important features of the world (...)
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  27. Uncertainty and the ethics of clinical trials.Sven Ove Hansson - 2006 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 27 (2):149-167.
    A probabilistic explication is offered of equipoise and uncertainty in clinical trials. In order to be useful in the justification of clinical trials, equipoise has to be interpreted in terms of overlapping probability distributions of possible treatment outcomes, rather than point estimates representing expectation values. Uncertainty about treatment outcomes is shown to be a necessary but insufficient condition for the ethical defensibility of clinical trials. Additional requirements are proposed for the nature of that uncertainty. The indecisiveness of our criteria for (...)
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  28.  64
    Codes, Ethics and Cross-Cultural Differences: Stories from the Implementation of a Corporate Code of Ethics in a MNC Subsidiary.Sven Helin & Johan Sandström - 2008 - Journal of Business Ethics 82 (2):281-291.
    In this article, we focus on the cross-cultural aspects of the implementation of an American company's code of ethics into its Swedish subsidiary. We identify the cross-cultural stories that the receivers in the subsidiary use when trying to explain the parent's code and conceptualize these stories as part of an emerging narrative of national belonging and differences. The receivers resisted the code by amplifying the importance of national identity. Rather than stimulating a discussion on ethics that might have strengthened the (...)
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  29.  70
    What is technological science?Sven Ove Hansson - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 38 (3):523-527.
    The technological sciences have at least six defining characteristics that distinguish them from the other sciences. They have human-made rather than natural objects as their study objects, include the practice of engineering design, define their study objects in functional terms, evaluate these study objects with category-specified value statements, employ less far-reaching idealizations than the natural sciences, and do not need an exact mathematical solution when a sufficiently close approximation is available. In combination, the six characteristics are sufficient to show that (...)
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  30.  33
    (1 other version)With all this Pseudoscience, Why so Little Pseudotechnology?Sven Ove Hansson - 2020 - Axiomathes 30 (6):685-696.
    After a review of previous uses of the term “pseudotechnology”, a definition is proposed: “A pseudotechnology is an alleged technology that is irreparably dysfunctional for its intended purpose since it is based on construction principles that cannot be made to work”. The relationship between pseudotechnology and pseudoscience is discussed, and so is the relationship between pseudotechnology and the much weaker concept of technological malfunction. An explanation is offered of why pseudotechnology is much more seldom referred to than pseudoscience: dysfunctional technology (...)
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  31.  52
    The modes of value.Sven Ove Hansson - 2001 - Philosophical Studies 104 (1):33 - 46.
    Contrary to the received view, decision theory is not primarily devoted to instrumental (ends-to-means) reasoning. Instead, its major preoccupation is the derivation of ends from other ends. Given preferences over basic alternatives, it constructs preferences over alternatives that have been modified through the addition of value object modifiers (modes) that specify probability, uncertainty, distance in time etc. A typology of the decision-theoretical modes is offered. The modes do not have (even extrinsic) value, but they transform the value of objects to (...)
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  32.  13
    Changing the Scientific Corpus.Sven Ove Hansson - 2011 - In Erik J. Olson Sebastian Enqvist (ed.), Belief Revision meets Philosophy of Science. Springer. pp. 43.
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  33.  38
    Disability as an Interpersonal Experience: A Systematic Review on Dyadic Challenges and Dyadic Coping When One Partner Has a Chronic Physical or Sensory Impairment.Isabella C. Bertschi, Fabienne Meier & Guy Bodenmann - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Chronically disabling health impairments affect an increasing number of people worldwide. In close relationships, disability is an interpersonal experience. Psychological distress is thus common in patients as well as their spouses. Dyadic coping can alleviate stress and promote adjustment in couples who face disabling health impairments. Much research has focused on dyadic coping with cancer. However, other health problems such as physical and sensory impairments are also common and may strongly impact couple relationships. In order to promote couples' optimal adjustment (...)
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  34.  37
    Preface.Achim Stephan & Sven Walter - 2018 - Erkenntnis 83 (1):1-1.
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  35.  70
    Repertoire Contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 2013 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 22 (1):1-21.
    The basic assumption of repertoire contraction is that only some of the logically closed subsets of the original belief set are viable as contraction outcomes. Contraction takes the form of choosing directly among these viable outcomes, rather than among cognitively more far-fetched objects such as possible worlds or maximal consistent subsets of the original belief set. In this first investigation of repertoire contraction, postulates for various variants of the operation are introduced. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for when repertoire (...)
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  36.  69
    Philosophy and Public Policy.Sven Ove Hansson - 2012 - Theoria 78 (2):89-92.
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  37.  10
    Hypnagogic states are quite common: Self-reported prevalence, modalities, and gender differences.Romain Ghibellini & Beat Meier - 2023 - Consciousness and Cognition 115 (C):103582.
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  38.  9
    Approaches to meaning: composition, values, and interpretation.Daniel Gutzmann, Jan Köpping & Cécile Meier (eds.) - 2014 - Boston: Brill.
    The basic claims of traditional truth-conditional semantics are that the semantic interpretation of a sentence is connected to the truth of that sentence in a situation, and that the meaning of the sentence is derived compositionally from the semantic values meaning of its constituents and the rules that combine them. Both claims have been subject to an intense debate in linguistics and philosophy of language. The original research papers collected in this volume test the boundaries of this classic view from (...)
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  39.  36
    Speaking of Speaking: Marking Direct Discourse in the Hebrew Bible.E. J. Revell & Samuel A. Meier - 1994 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 114 (3):509.
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  40.  29
    Reversing “Research Exceptionalism”.Sven Ove Hansson - 2010 - American Journal of Bioethics 10 (8):66-67.
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  41.  55
    The rôle of language in belief revision.Sven Ove Hansson - 2002 - Studia Logica 70 (1):5 - 21.
    Analytical tools that give precision to the concept of "independence of syntax" are developed in the form of a series of substitutivity principles. These principles are applied in a study of the rôle of language in belief revision theory. It is shown that sets of sentences can be used in models of belief revision to convey more information than what is conveyed by the combined propositional contents of the respective sets. It is argued that it would be unwise to programmatically (...)
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  42.  11
    Psychotherapy: A World of Meanings.Cosima Locher, Sibylle Meier & Jens Gaab - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
    Despite a wealth of findings that psychotherapy is an effective psychological intervention the principal mechanisms of psychotherapy change are still in debate. It has been suggested that all forms of psychotherapy provide a context which enables clients to transform the meaning of their experiences and symptoms in such a way as to help clients to feel better, and function more adaptively. However, psychotherapy is not the only healthcare intervention that has been associated with ‘meaning’: the reason why placebo have effects (...)
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  43.  40
    The revenger's paradox.Sven Ove Hansson - 1991 - Philosophical Studies 61 (3):301 - 305.
  44.  81
    Stakeholder Governance as a Response to Wicked Issues.Sybille Sachs, Edwin Rühli & Claude Meier - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 96 (S1):57-64.
  45.  30
    Moral and Instrumental Norms in Food Risk Communication.Peter G. Modin & Sven Ove Hansson - 2011 - Journal of Business Ethics 101 (2):313 - 324.
    The major normative recommendations in the literature on food risk communication can be summarized in the form of seven practical principles for such communication: (1) Be honest and open. (2) Disclose incentives and conflicts of interest. (3) Take all available relevant knowledge into consideration. (4) When possible, quantify risks. (5) Describe and explain uncertainties. (6) Take all the public's concerns into account. (7) Take the rights of individuals and groups seriously. We show that each of these proposed principles can be (...)
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  46.  18
    Time of day affects implicit memory for unattended stimuli.Nicolas Rothen & Beat Meier - 2016 - Consciousness and Cognition 46 (C):1-6.
  47.  10
    Cortical Sensorimotor Processing of Painful Pressure in Patients with Chronic Lower Back Pain—An Optical Neuroimaging Study using fNIRS.Andrea Vrana, Michael L. Meier, Sabina Hotz-Boendermaker, Barry K. Humphreys & Felix Scholkmann - 2016 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10:225510.
    In this study we investigated sensorimotor processing of painful pressure stimulation on the lower back of patients with chronic lower back pain (CLBP) by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure changes in cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation. The main objectives were whether patients with CLBP show different relative changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin ([O2Hb] and [HHb]) in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary somatosensory cortex (S1) compared to healthy controls (HC). Twelve patients with CLBP (32 ± 6.1 years; range: (...)
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  48.  10
    Gedanken zur Pädagogik im Winter 1820/21.Michael Winkler, Wolfgang Virmond, Dorothea Meier, Christiane Ehrhardt & Jens Beljan - 2017 - In Michael Winkler, Wolfgang Virmond, Dorothea Meier, Christiane Ehrhardt & Jens Beljan (eds.), Vorlesungen Über Die Pädagogik Und Amtliche Voten Zum Öffentlichen Unterricht. De Gruyter. pp. 539-542.
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  49.  22
    Janusz Korczak and the Century of the Child.Sven G. Hartman - 1997 - Dialogue and Universalism 7 (9):135-142.
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  50.  9
    Coherence.Sven Ove Hansson - 2012 - In Sven Ove Hansson & Vincent F. Hendricks (eds.), Introduction to Formal Philosophy. Cham: Springer. pp. 443-453.
    We encounter the notion of coherence in many branches of philosophy. This overview introduces some basic distinctions that can be used to characterize concepts of coherence. After that, two formal frameworks for the analysis of coherence are introduced. The first of these is based on the logic of support relations. It is used to show that coherentism and foundationalism may be combinable rather than antithetical. The second framework assumes that coherence comes in degrees and that it can be measured in (...)
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