Results for 'Sven Bruhn'

978 found
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  1.  12
    Prediction of Disorientation by Accelerometric and Gait Features in Young and Older Adults Navigating in a Virtually Enriched Environment.Stefan J. Teipel, Chimezie O. Amaefule, Stefan Lüdtke, Doreen Görß, Sofia Faraza, Sven Bruhn & Thomas Kirste - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    ObjectiveTo determine whether gait and accelerometric features can predict disorientation events in young and older adults.MethodsCognitively healthy younger and older participants navigated on a treadmill through a virtual representation of the city of Rostock featured within the Gait Real-Time Analysis Interactive Lab system. We conducted Bayesian Poisson regression to determine the association of navigation performance with domain-specific cognitive functions. We determined associations of gait and accelerometric features with disorientation events in real-time data using Bayesian generalized mixed effect models. The accuracy (...)
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  2. Self-Driving Vehicles—an Ethical Overview.Sven Ove Hansson, Matts-Åke Belin & Björn Lundgren - 2021 - Philosophy and Technology 34 (4):1383-1408.
    The introduction of self-driving vehicles gives rise to a large number of ethical issues that go beyond the common, extremely narrow, focus on improbable dilemma-like scenarios. This article provides a broad overview of realistic ethical issues related to self-driving vehicles. Some of the major topics covered are as follows: Strong opinions for and against driverless cars may give rise to severe social and political conflicts. A low tolerance for accidents caused by driverless vehicles may delay the introduction of driverless systems (...)
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  3.  97
    Logic of belief revision.Sven Ove Hansson - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  4. Kernel contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 1994 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 59 (3):845-859.
    Kernel contraction is a natural nonrelational generalization of safe contraction. All partial meet contractions are kernel contractions, but the converse relationship does not hold. Kernel contraction is axiomatically characterized. It is shown to be better suited than partial meet contraction for formal treatments of iterated belief change.
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  5. Ten philosophical problems in belief revision.Sven Ove Hansson - 2003
    The paper introduces ten open problems in belief revision theory, related to the representation of the belief state, to different notions of degrees of belief, and to the nature of change operations. It is argued that these problems are all issues in philosopical logic, in the strong sense of requiring inputs from both logic and philosophy for their solution.
     
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  6. Theory contraction and base contraction unified.Sven Ove Hansson - 1993 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 58 (2):602-625.
    One way to construct a contraction operator for a theory (belief set) is to assign to it a base (belief base) and an operator of partial meet contraction for that base. Axiomatic characterizations are given of the theory contractions that are generated in this way by (various types of) partial meet base contractions.
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  7. New operators for theory change.Sven Ove Hansson - 1989 - Theoria 55 (2):114.
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  8.  91
    What's new isn't always best.Sven Ove Hansson - 1997 - Theoria 63 (1-2):1-13.
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  9.  69
    Preferences.Sven Ove Hansson & Till Grüne-Yanoff - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  10.  66
    In defense of base contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 1992 - Synthese 91 (3):239 - 245.
    In the most common approaches to belief dynamics, states of belief are represented by sets that are closed under logical consequence. In an alternative approach, they are represented by non-closed belief bases. This representation has attractive properties not shared by closed representations. Most importantly, it can account for repeated belief changes that have not yet been satisfactorily accounted for in the closed approach.
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  11. Values in pure and applied science.Sven Ove Hansson - 2007 - Foundations of Science 12 (3):257-268.
    In pure science, the standard approach to non-epistemic values is to exclude them as far as possible from scientific deliberations. When science is applied to practical decisions, non-epistemic values cannot be excluded. Instead, they have to be combined with scientific information in a way that leads to practically optimal decisions. A normative model is proposed for the processing of information in both pure and applied science. A general-purpose corpus of scientific knowledge, with high entry requirements, has a central role in (...)
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  12. Local change.Sven Hansson & Renata Wassermann - 2002 - Studia Logica 70 (1):49 - 76.
    An agent can usually hold a very large number of beliefs. However, only a small part of these beliefs is used at a time. Efficient operations for belief change should affect the beliefs of the agent locally, that is, the changes should be performed only in the relevant part of the belief state. In this paper we define a local consequence operator that only considers the relevant part of a belief base. This operator is used to define local versions of (...)
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  13.  11
    Die Würde des Sports ist unantastbar: zur Auseinandersetzung mit Mythen des Sports.Sven Güldenpfennig - 2010 - Sankt Augustin: Academia-Verlag.
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  14.  98
    The limits of precaution.Sven Ove Hansson - 1997 - Foundations of Science 2 (2):293-306.
    The maximin rule can be used as a formal version of the precautionary principle. This paper evaluates the feasibility and the intuitive plausibility of this decision rule. The major conclusions are: (1) Precaution has to be applied symmetrically. (2) Precaution is only possible when outcomes are comparable in terms of value, so that it can be determined which outcome is worst. (3) Precaution is sensitive to standards of possibility. Far-away scenarios have to be excluded, and it is difficult to find (...)
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  15. What is philosophy of risk?Sven Ove Hansson - 1996 - Theoria 62 (1-2):169-186.
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  16.  96
    Providing foundations for coherentism.Sven Ove Hansson & Erik J. Olsson - 1999 - Erkenntnis 51 (2-3):243-265.
    We prove that four theses commonly associated with coherentism are incompatible with the representation of a belief state as a logically closed set of sentences. The result is applied to the conventional coherence interpretation of the AGM theory of belief revision, which appears not to be tenable. Our argument also counts against the coherentistic acceptability of a certain form of propositional holism. We argue that the problems arise as an effect of ignoring the distinction between derived and non-derived beliefs, and (...)
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  17.  70
    Preference-based deontic logic (PDL).Sven Ove Hansson - 1990 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 19 (1):75 - 93.
    A new possible world semantics for deontic logic is proposed. Its intuitive basis is that prohibitive predicates (such as "wrong" and "prohibited") have the property of negativity, i.e. that what is worse than something wrong is itself wrong. The logic of prohibitive predicates is built on this property and on preference logic. Prescriptive predicates are defined in terms of prohibitive predicates, according to the wellknown formula "ought" = "wrong that not". In this preference-based deontic logic (PDL), those theorems that give (...)
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  18.  57
    (1 other version)Introduction to Formal Philosophy.Sven Ove Hansson & Vincent F. Hendricks (eds.) - 2012 - Cham: Springer.
    In 1974, a wonderful little book came out entitled Formal Philosophy: Selected Papers of Richard Montague, edited by Richmond H. Thomason. The book was a beautiful testimony to the fact that formal methods may indeed clarify, sharpen and solve philosophical problems, defusing airy philosophical intuitions in clear, crisp and concise ways while at the same time turning philosophical wonder into scientific inquiry.
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  19. Philosophy and other disciplines.Sven Ove Hansson - 2008 - Metaphilosophy 39 (4-5):472-483.
    Abstract: This article offers a perspective on the role of philosophy in relation to other academic disciplines and to society in general. Among the issues treated are the delimitation of philosophy, whether it is a science, its role in the community of knowledge disciplines, its losses of subject matter to other disciplines, how it is influenced by social changes and by progress in other disciplines, and its role in interdisciplinary work. It is concluded that philosophy has an important mission in (...)
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  20. The Harmful Influence of Decision Theory on Ethics.Sven Ove Hansson - 2010 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 13 (5):585-593.
    In the last half century, decision theory has had a deep influence on moral theory. Its impact has largely been beneficial. However, it has also given rise to some problems, two of which are discussed here. First, issues such as risk-taking and risk imposition have been left out of ethics since they are believed to belong to decision theory, and consequently the ethical aspects of these issues have not been treated in either discipline. Secondly, ethics has adopted the decision-theoretical idea (...)
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  21.  38
    Outcome level analysis of belief contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 2013 - Review of Symbolic Logic 6 (2):183-204.
    The outcome set of a belief change operator is the set of outcomes that can be obtained with it. Axiomatic characterizations are reported for the outcome sets of the standard AGM contraction operators and eight types of base-generated contraction. These results throw new light on the properties of some of these operators.
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  22.  48
    Should we avoid moral dilemmas?Sven Hansson - 1998 - Journal of Value Inquiry 32 (3):407-416.
  23.  63
    Mild contraction. Evaluating loss of information due to loss of belief.Sven Ove Hansson - 2004 - Studia Logica 82 (2):293-295.
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  24.  13
    Knowledge-level analysis of belief base operations.Sven Ove Hansson - 1996 - Artificial Intelligence 82 (1-2):215-235.
  25.  57
    Maximal and perimaximal contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 2013 - Synthese 190 (16):3325-3348.
    Generalizations of partial meet contraction are introduced that start out from the observation that only some of the logically closed subsets of the original belief set are at all viable as contraction outcomes. Belief contraction should proceed by selection among these viable options. Several contraction operators that are based on such selection mechanisms are introduced and then axiomatically characterized. These constructions are more general than the belief base approach. It is shown that partial meet contraction is exactly characterized by adding (...)
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  26.  66
    Money-pumps, self-torturers and the demons of real life.Sven Ove Hansson - 1993 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 71 (4):476 – 485.
  27.  68
    What is ceteris paribus preference?Sven Ove Hansson - 1996 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 25 (3):307 - 332.
    A general format is introduced for deriving preferences over states of affairs from preferences over a set of contextually complete alternatives. Formal results are given both for this general format and for a specific instance of it that is a plausible explication of ceteris paribus preference.
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  28. Uncertainty and the ethics of clinical trials.Sven Ove Hansson - 2006 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 27 (2):149-167.
    A probabilistic explication is offered of equipoise and uncertainty in clinical trials. In order to be useful in the justification of clinical trials, equipoise has to be interpreted in terms of overlapping probability distributions of possible treatment outcomes, rather than point estimates representing expectation values. Uncertainty about treatment outcomes is shown to be a necessary but insufficient condition for the ethical defensibility of clinical trials. Additional requirements are proposed for the nature of that uncertainty. The indecisiveness of our criteria for (...)
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  29.  54
    Philosophical Expertise.Sven Ove Hansson - 2020 - Theoria 86 (2):139-144.
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  30.  52
    The modes of value.Sven Ove Hansson - 2001 - Philosophical Studies 104 (1):33 - 46.
    Contrary to the received view, decision theory is not primarily devoted to instrumental (ends-to-means) reasoning. Instead, its major preoccupation is the derivation of ends from other ends. Given preferences over basic alternatives, it constructs preferences over alternatives that have been modified through the addition of value object modifiers (modes) that specify probability, uncertainty, distance in time etc. A typology of the decision-theoretical modes is offered. The modes do not have (even extrinsic) value, but they transform the value of objects to (...)
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  31.  25
    Informal Networks, Informal Institutions, and Social Exclusion in the Workplace: Insights from Subsidiaries of Multinational Corporations in Korea.Sven Horak & Yuliani Suseno - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 186 (3):633-655.
    Drawing on interviews with decision makers in multinational corporations (MNCs) in South Korea, we examine the role of informal networks in the social exclusion of women in the workforce. Although legislation in the country is in favor of gender equality, we found that informal barriers in the workplace remain difficult to overcome. Informal networks in Korea, yongo, present an ethical issue in the workplace, as they tend to socially exclude women, limiting possibilities for their participation and career progression. We found (...)
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  32.  30
    In praise of full meet contraction.Sven Ove Hansson - 2006 - Análisis Filosófico 26 (1):134-146.
    Full meet contraction, that was devised by Carlos Alchourrón and David Makinson in the early 1980' s, has often been overlooked since it is not in itself a plausible contraction operator. However, it is a highly useful building-block in the construction of composite contraction operators. In particular, all plausible contraction operators can be reconstructed so that the outcome of contracting a belief set K by a sentence p is defined as K ∼ f, where ∼ is full meet contraction and (...)
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  33.  15
    Is Philosophy of Science Useless?Sven Ove Hansson - 2025 - Theoria 91 (1):3-7.
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  34. Individuals and collective actions.Sven Ove Hansson - 1986 - Theoria 52 (1-2):87-97.
  35.  55
    The rôle of language in belief revision.Sven Ove Hansson - 2002 - Studia Logica 70 (1):5 - 21.
    Analytical tools that give precision to the concept of "independence of syntax" are developed in the form of a series of substitutivity principles. These principles are applied in a study of the rôle of language in belief revision theory. It is shown that sets of sentences can be used in models of belief revision to convey more information than what is conveyed by the combined propositional contents of the respective sets. It is argued that it would be unwise to programmatically (...)
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  36.  30
    Two new fallacies.Sven Ove Hansson - 2024 - Theoria 90 (3):259-262.
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  37. Konsten att vara vetenskaplig.Sven Ove Hansson & I. I. I. Carmen - unknown
    Förord .................................................................................................... ............... 4 1 Vilken kunskap vill vi ha?................................................................................ 6..
     
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  38. Teknik och etik.Sven Ove Hansson - unknown
    Avdelningen för Filosofi, Institutionen för Filosofi och Teknikhistoria, KTH, Stockholm. Detta dokument får tills vidare fritt användas och kopieras.
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  39.  6
    Levi's ideals.Sven Ove Hansson - 2006 - In Erik J. Olsson, Knowledge and Inquiry: Essays on the Pragmatism of Isaac Levi. New York: Cambridge University Press.
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  40. Tant de pseudosciences, si peu de pseudotechnologies.Sven Ove Hansson - 2022 - Mεtascience: Discours Général Scientifique 2:267-283. Translated by François Maurice.
    Après un examen des emplois antérieurs du terme « pseudotechnologie », une définition est proposée : « Une pseudotechnologie est une technologie présumée, irrémédiablement dysfonctionnelle pour l’usage auquel elle est destinée, puisqu’elle est basée sur des principes de construction qui ne peuvent pas être mis en œuvre ». La relation entre la pseudotechnologie et la pseudoscience est examinée, tout comme la relation entre la pseudotechnologie et le concept beaucoup plus faible de malfonction technologique. Une explication est proposée de la raison (...)
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  41. The dual nature of technological concepts.Sven Ove Hansson - unknown
    Value statements can be divided into three major groups according to how their criteria of evaluation are specified. The first of these groups consists of those value statements that are unspecified with respect to the criteria of evaluation. Here is one example: Her decision was very good. The second group consists of the viewpoint-specified value statements. In these value statements, an explicit point of view is given, from which the evaluation is made. We often use adverbs such as “morally”, “aesthetically” (...)
     
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  42. Kan moralfilosofin hantera riskproblemen?Sven Ove Hansson - manuscript
    Den moralfilosofiska traditionen har sina begränsningar. De frågor som stått i centrum för den moralfilosofiska diskussionen har ofta varit helt andra än de som människor i det praktiska livet har uppfattat som centrala moraliska problem. En viktig begränsning är att moralfilosofin, liksom beslutsteorin, nästan uteslutande har handlat om hur man hanterar välavgränsade problem där handlingsalternativen är givna. I det verkliga livet löser vi ofta moraliska problem genom att finna på nya handlingsalternativ, som inte fanns med från början.1 En annan begränsning (...)
     
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  43.  26
    Is philosophy primarily critical?Sven Ove Hansson - 2024 - Theoria 90 (2):157-160.
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  44.  69
    Philosophy and Public Policy.Sven Ove Hansson - 2012 - Theoria 78 (2):89-92.
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  45. Latinska fraser som är vanliga i filosofiska texter.Sven Ove Hansson - unknown
    Inom hakparentes anges den ordagranna betydelsen, när denna skiljer sig mycket från frasens gängse filosofiska innebörd. På tre- och fler-staviga ord har har ett accenttecken satts in före den betonade vokalen. (Tvåstaviga latinska ord har alltid betoningen på första stavelsen.).
     
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  46.  45
    Learning from History.Sven Ove Hansson - 2001 - Theoria 67 (1):1-3.
  47.  56
    Research on research evaluation.Sven Hemlin - 1996 - Social Epistemology 10 (2):209 – 250.
  48. Women and minorities in philosophy.Sven Ove Hansson - 2010 - Theoria 76 (1):1-3.
  49.  8
    The dangers of science exceptionalism.Sven Ove Hansson - 2024 - Theoria 90 (5):451-455.
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  50.  49
    Should we be politically correct?Sven Ove Hansson - 2023 - Theoria 89 (4):409-413.
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