Results for 'Simpson Darwin'

947 found
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  1. Simpsons, and Gould.Simpson Darwin - 2008 - In Michael Ruse, The Oxford handbook of philosophy of biology. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 189.
  2. M. Ruse: "Taking Darwin Seriously". [REVIEW]Paul Simpson - 1988 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 66:256.
     
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  3.  25
    One Hundred Years without Darwin are Enough.George G. Simpson - unknown
    uppose that the most fundamental and general principle of a science had been known for over a century and had long since become a main basis for understanding and research by scientists in that field. You would surely assume that the principle would be taken as a matter of course by everyone with even a nodding acquaintance with the science. It would obviously be taught everywhere as basic to the science at any level of education. If you think that about (...)
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  4.  13
    Art as Communication: Aesthetics, Evolution, and Signaling.Shawn Simpson - 2024 - Lanham, Mayland USA: Lexington Books (Rowman & Littlefield).
    Is art a form of communication? If so, what does art express or represent? How should we interpret the meaning of works created by more than one artist? Is art an adaptation, via natural selection? In what ways is art similar to—and different from—language? Art as Communication: Aesthetics, Evolution, and Signaling employs information theory, the theory of evolution, and the newly developed sender-receiver model of communication to reason about art, aesthetic behavior, and its communicative nature. Shawn Simpson considers whether (...)
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  5. The Origins of Species Concepts.John Simpson Wilkins - 2003 - Dissertation, University of Melbourne
    The longstanding species problem in biology has a history that suggests a solution, and that history is not the received history found in many texts written by biologists or philosophers. The notion of species as the division into subordinate groups of any generic predicate was the staple of logic from Aristotle through the middle ages until quite recently. However, the biological species concept during the same period was at first subtly and then overtly different. Unlike the logic sense, which relied (...)
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  6.  26
    The World into Which Darwin Led Simpson.Léo F. Laporte - 1990 - Journal of the History of Biology 23 (3):499 - 516.
  7. Darwin y la selección de grupo.Elliott Sober - 2009 - Ludus Vitalis 17 (32):101-143.
    Do traits evolve because they are good for the group, or do they evolve because they are good for the individual organisms that have them? The question is whether groups, rather than individual organisms, are ever “units of selection.” My exposition begins with the 1960’s, when the idea that traits evolve because they are good for the group was criticized, not just for being factually mistaken, but for embodying a kind of confused thinking that is fundamentally at odds with the (...)
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  8. Darwin and the other Christian tradition.Ernan McMullin - 2011 - Zygon 46 (2):291-316.
    Abstract. Augustine, and following him some major theologians of the early Christian church, noted the apparent discrepancies between the first two chapters of Genesis and suggested an interpretation for these chapters significantly different from the literal. After examining a selection of the relevant texts, we shall follow the later fortunes of this interpretation in brief outline, figuring in particular an unlikely trio: Suarez, St. George Mivart, and Thomas Henry Huxley. Moral: Darwinian theory might plausibly be construed as implementing, unawares, a (...)
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  9.  9
    Corazones de hierro: ¿los neodarwinistas contra Darwin? Disputas sobre antropocentrismo y progreso en la biología evolutiva del siglo XX.Micaela Anzoategui - 2024 - Astrolabio: Nueva Época 33:52-77.
    En obras fundamentales como On the Origin of Species (1859), The Descent of Man (1871) y The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872), Charles Darwin establece un claro posicionamiento anti-antropocéntrico basado en la continuidad evolutiva entre animales-humanos, y entre todos los organismos incluyendo a la especie humana. No obstante, diversos teóricos de la síntesis evolutiva moderna, los neodarwinistas, entre ellos George Gaylord Simpson y Bernhard Rensch, vuelven a instaurar el antropocentrismo en el corazón de la (...)
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  10.  56
    The α-finite injury method.G. E. Sacks & S. G. Simpson - 1972 - Annals of Mathematical Logic 4 (4):343-367.
  11. The Dogmatism Puzzle Undone.James Simpson - forthcoming - Analytic Philosophy.
    According to the dogmatism puzzle, for any S and any p, if S knows that p, then she’s entitled to be dogmatic about p, and so disregard any evidence against p, for she knows that (or is in a position to know that) that evidence is misleading. But this seems clearly problematically dogmatic. The standard solution to the dogmatism puzzle involves appealing to the view that acquiring new evidence (even misleading evidence) can undermine one’s knowledge that p. That’s why one (...)
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  12. Ein in der reinen Zahlentheorie unbeweisbarer Satz über endliche Folgen von natürlichen Zahlen.Kurt Schütte & Stephen G. Simpson - 1985 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 25 (1):75-89.
     
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  13. Solving the problem of creeping minimalism.Matthew Simpson - 2017 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 48 (3-4):510-531.
    In this paper I discuss the so-called problem of creeping minimalism, the problem of distinguishing metaethical expressivism from its rivals once expressivists start accepting minimalist theories about truth, representation, belief, and similar concepts. I argue that Dreier’s ‘explanation’ explanation is almost correct, but by critically examining it we not only get a better solution, but also draw out some interesting results about expressivism and non-representationalist theories of meaning more generally.
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  14.  73
    The Softening of the Modern Synthesis: Julian Huxley: Evolution: The Modern Synthesis; The Definitive Edition. Massimo Pigliucci and Gerd B. Müller : Evolution—The Extended Synthesis.Joeri Witteveen - 2011 - Acta Biotheoretica 59 (3):333-345.
    The Modern Synthesis has been receiving bad press for some time now. Back in 1983, in an article entitled “The Hardening of the Modern Synthesis” Stephen Jay Gould criticized the way the Modern Synthesis had developed since its inception in the 1930s and early 1940s (Gould 1983). Back then, those who would later become known as ‘architects’ of the synthesis were united in their call for explaining evolution at all levels in terms of causation at one level: genetics. What drove (...)
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  15. The Conversational Character of Oppression.Robert Mark Simpson - 2021 - Australasian Philosophical Review 5 (2):160-169.
    McGowan argues that everyday verbal bigotry makes a key contribution to the harms of discriminatory inequality, via a mechanism that she calls sneaky norm enactment. Part of her account involves showing that the characteristic of conversational interaction that facilitates sneaky norm enactment is in fact a generic one, which obtains in a wide range of activities, namely, the property of having conventions of appropriateness. I argue that her account will be better-able to show that everyday verbal bigotry is a key (...)
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  16. What is Global Expressivism?Matthew Simpson - 2019 - Philosophical Quarterly 70 (278):140-161.
    Global expressivism is the radical view that we should never think of any of our language and thought as representing the world. While interesting, global expressivism has not yet been clearly formulated, and its defenders often use unexplained terms of art to characterise their view. I fix this problem by carefully and clearly exploring the different ways in which we can interpret globalism. I reject almost all of them either because they are implausible or because they are bad interpretations of (...)
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  17.  91
    Freedom and Trust: A Rejoinder to Lovett and Pettit.Thomas W. Simpson - 2019 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 47 (4):412-424.
  18. Trust, Belief, and the Second-Personal.Thomas W. Simpson - 2018 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 96 (3):447-459.
    Cognitivism about trust says that it requires belief that the trusted is trustworthy; non-cognitivism denies this. At stake is how to make sense of the strong but competing intuitions that trust is an attitude that is evaluable both morally and rationally. In proposing that one's respect for another's agency may ground one's trusting beliefs, second-personal accounts provide a way to endorse both intuitions. They focus attention on the way that, in normal situations, it is the person whom I trust. My (...)
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  19. Why Managers Fail to do the Right Thing: An Empirical Study of Unethical and Illegal Conduct.N. Craig Smith, Sally S. Simpson & Chun-Yao Huang - 2007 - Business Ethics Quarterly 17 (4):633-667.
    ABSTRACT:We combine prior research on ethical decision-making in organizations with a rational choice theory of corporate crime from criminology to develop a model of corporate offending that is tested with a sample of U.S. managers. Despite demands for increased sanctioning of corporate offenders, we find that the threat of legal action does not directly affect the likelihood of misconduct. Managers’ evaluations of the ethics of the act, measured using a multidimensional ethics scale, have a significant effect, as do outcome expectancies (...)
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  20. The Ethics of Quitting Social Media.Robert Mark Simpson - 2021 - In Carissa Véliz, The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics. Oxford University Press.
    There are prima facie ethical reasons and prudential reasons for people to avoid or withdraw from social media platforms. But in response to pushes for people to quit social media, a number of authors have argued that there is something ethically questionable about quitting social media: that it involves — typically, if not necessarily — an objectionable expression of privilege on the part of the quitter. In this paper I contextualise privilege-based objections to quitting social media and explain the underlying (...)
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  21. Self-Censorship: The Chilling Effect and the Heating Effect.Robert Mark Simpson - 2024 - Political Philosophy 1 (2):345-380.
    Chilling Effects occur when the risks surrounding a speech restriction inadvertently deter speech that lies outside the restriction’s official scope. Contrary to the standard interpretation of this phenomenon I show how speech deterrence for individuals can sometimes, instead of suppressing discourse at the group level, intensify it – with results that are still unwelcome, but crucially unlike a ‘chill’. Inadvertent deterrence of speech may, counterintuitively, create a Heating Effect. This proposal gives us a promising explanation of the intensity of public (...)
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  22. ‘Won’t Somebody Please Think of the Children?’ Hate Speech, Harm, and Childhood.Robert Mark Simpson - 2019 - Law and Philosophy 38 (1):79-108.
    Some authors claim that hate speech plays a key role in perpetuating unjust social hierarchy. One prima facie plausible hypothesis about how this occurs is that hate speech has a pernicious influence on the attitudes of children. Here I argue that this hypothesis has an important part to play in the formulation of an especially robust case for general legal prohibitions on hate speech. If our account of the mechanism via which hate speech effects its harms is built around claims (...)
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  23. Should We Unbundle Free Speech and Press Freedom?Robert Mark Simpson & Damien Storey - 2024 - In Carl Fox & Joe Saunders, Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Media Ethics. Routledge. pp. 69-80.
    This paper presents an account of the ethical and conceptual relationship between free speech and press freedom. Many authors have argued that, despite there being some common ground between them, these two liberties should be treated as properly distinct, both theoretically and practically. The core of the argument, for this “unbundling” approach, is that conflating free speech and press freedom makes it too easy for reasonable democratic regulations on press freedom to be portrayed, by their opponents, as part of a (...)
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  24. Wealth and Income Inequality: An Economic and Ethical Analysis.Brian P. Simpson - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 89 (4):525-538.
    I perform an economic and ethical analysis on wealth and income inequality. Economists have performed many statistical studies that reveal a number of, often contradictory, findings in connection with the distribution of wealth and income. Hence, the statistical findings leave us with no better knowledge of the effects that inequality has on economic progress. At the same time, the existing theoretical results have not provided us with a definitive answer concerning the effects of inequality on progress. By gaining knowledge of (...)
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  25.  92
    Together and Apart: Exploring Structure of the Corporate–NPO Relationship.Dayna Simpson, Kathryn Lefroy & Yelena Tsarenko - 2011 - Journal of Business Ethics 101 (2):297-311.
    Financially significant relationships between corporations and non-profit organizations have increased in recent years. NPOs offer access to interests and ideologies that are lacking within most for-profit organizations. These partnerships form a unique bridge between for-profit and non-profit goals and offer significant potential to produce innovative ways of “doing business by doing good.” Exploration of the structural implications of these relationships, however, has been limited. The potential for ideological imbalance in these relationships, particularly for the NPO, has been poorly described. We (...)
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  26. The Connected City of Ideas.Robert Mark Simpson - 2024 - Daedalus 153 (33):166-86.
    We should drop the marketplace of ideas as our go-to metaphor in free speech discourse and take up a new metaphor of the connected city. Cities are more liveable when they have an integrated mix of transport options providing their occupants with a variety of locomotive affordances. Similarly, societies are more liveable when they have a mix of communication platforms that provide a variety of communicative affordances. Whereas the marketplace metaphor invites us to worry primarily about authoritarian control over the (...)
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  27.  11
    The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Science.Zachary Simpson (ed.) - 2008 - Oxford University Press.
    The field of `science and religion' is exploding in popularity among both academics and the reading public. This is a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the debate, written by the leading experts yet accessible to the general reader.
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  28.  92
    Robots, Trust and War.Thomas W. Simpson - 2011 - Philosophy and Technology 24 (3):325-337.
    Putting robots on the battlefield is clearly appealing for policymakers. Why risk human lives, when robots could take our place, and do the dirty work of killing and dying for us? Against this, I argue that robots will be unable to win the kind of wars that we are increasingly drawn into. Modern warfare tends towards asymmetric conflict. Asymmetric warfare cannot be won without gaining the trust of the civilian population; this is ‘the hearts and minds’, in the hackneyed phrase (...)
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  29. Trustworthiness and Moral Character.Thomas W. Simpson - 2013 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 16 (3):543-557.
    Why are people trustworthy? I argue for two theses. First, we cannot explain many socially important forms of trustworthiness solely in terms of the instrumentally rational seeking of one’s interests, in response to external sanctions or rewards. A richer psychology is required. So, second, possession of moral character is a plausible explanation of some socially important instances when people are trustworthy. I defend this conclusion against the influential account of trust as ‘encapsulated interest’, given by Russell Hardin, on which most (...)
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  30. The mystical stance: The experience of self‐loss and Daniel Dennett's “center of narrative gravity”.William Simpson - 2014 - Zygon 49 (2):458-475.
    For centuries, mystically inclined practitioners from various religious traditions have articulated anomalous and mystical experiences. One common aspect of these experiences is the feeling of the loss of the sense of self, referred to as “self-loss.” The occurrence of “self-loss” can be understood as the feeling of losing the subject/object distinction in one's phenomenal experience. In this article, the author attempts to incorporate these anomalous experiences into modern understandings of the mind and “self” from philosophy and psychology. Accounts of self-loss (...)
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  31.  9
    Technological Rationality.Lorenzo C. Simpson - 2012 - In Jan Kyrre Berg Olsen Friis, Stig Andur Pedersen & Vincent F. Hendricks, A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 189–194.
    This chapter contains sections titled: References and Further Reading.
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  32.  86
    Toward a reasonable nativism.Tom Simpson - 2005 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich, The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents. New York, US: Oxford University Press on Demand. pp. 1--122.
    This chapter sketches the outlines of what a reasonable form of nativism might look like. The neuroconstructivists' challenge indicates that some misunderstanding continues to exist among certain self-titled nonnativists over what it is that practicing nativists actually claim, together with a mistaken belief that current neurodevelopmental data is not or cannot be compatible with the nativist program. Both these issues are addressed by first providing further explication of the claims of practicing nativists, and then showing how these claims provide the (...)
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  33.  14
    Towards a critical space theory: The instrumental politics of space exploitation.Sid Simpson, Désirée Weber & John McMahon - forthcoming - European Journal of Political Theory.
    Though a growing number of voices in public discourse are expressing reservations about the new space race and its implications, inherently political questions have remained largely untouched by political theorists: Who is space for and for whose benefit? What are the ideological presumptions and functions of private space exploration? To confront this astro-aporia, we proceed in four parts. First, we develop a typology of two broad positions that predominate in contemporary criticism of space exploration: those who are “space pessimists” and (...)
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  34. Should expressivists go global?Matthew Simpson - 2023 - Philosophical Studies 180 (8):2275-2289.
    Moral expressivists think that moral thoughts and sentences don’t represent or describe the world, at least not in any interesting sense. Global expressivists think that _no_ thoughts or sentences represent the world; local expressivists think that some do and others don’t. Huw Price has influentially argued that local expressivism collapses into global expressivism, due both to the effects of minimalist theories of representation and similar concepts, and to an unappreciated consequence of the success of specific expressivist theories like moral expressivism. (...)
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  35. The Cultural Degradation of Universal Education: The Educational Views of Robert Lewis Dabney.Barry D. Simpson - 2006 - Journal of Libertarian Studies 20 (3):47.
  36. Truth, truthfulness and philosophy in Plato and Nietzsche.David Simpson - 2007 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 15 (2):339 – 360.
    Even those aware of Nietzsches ambivalent (rather than purely negative) attitude to Plato, tend to accept Nietzsches account of Plato and himself as occupying the poles of philosophy. Much that Nietzsche says supports this view, but we need not take him at his word. I consider Nietzsche and Plato on three planes: their view of truth, their view of philosophy, and their use of certain emblematic figures (the New Philosopher, the Philosopher King) as the bearers of philosophys future. On these (...)
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  37.  27
    Bilingual Dictionaries for Australian Languages: User studies on the place of paper and electronic dictionaries.Miriam Corris, Christopher Manning, Susan Poetsch & Jane Simpson - unknown
    Dictionaries have long been seen as an essential contribution by linguists to work on endangered languages. We report on preliminary investigations of actual dictionary usage and usability by 76 speakers, semi-speakers and learners of Australian Aboriginal languages. The dictionaries include: electronic and printed bilingual Warlpiri-English dictionaries, a printed trilingual Alawa-Kriol- English dictionary, and a printed bilingual Warumungu-English dictionary. We examine competing demands for completeness of coverage and ease of access, and focus on the prospects of electronic dictionaries for solving many (...)
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  38. This Is Race. An Anthology Selected from the International Literature on the Races of Man.Earl W. Count, Carleton S. Coon, Stanley M. Garn, Joseph B. Birdsell, George Gaylord Simpson & Ashley Montagu - 1951 - Science and Society 15 (1):68-74.
  39. Moving past violence and vulgarity: structural ritualization and constructed meaning in the heavy metal subculture.Jan-Martijn Meij, Meghan D. Probstfield, Joseph M. Simpson & J. David Knottnerus - 2013 - In Sara Horsfall, Jan-Martijn Meij & Meghan D. Probstfield, Music sociology: examining the role of music in social life. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
     
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  40. The Logic of Religious Thought: An Answer to Professor Eddington.R. Gordon Milburn, Leonard Hodgson, Hubert M. Foston, S. D. Mcconnell, Joseph Herschel Coffin & James Young Simpson - 1930 - Humana Mente 5 (20):647-649.
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  41. Cross-Chapter Box Loss and Damage.Ivo Wallimann-Helmer, Reinhard Mechler, Adelle Thomas, Christian Huggel, Emily Boyd, Veruska Muccione, Laurens Bouwer, Sirkku Juhola, Chandni Singh, Carolina Adler, Kris Ebi, Patricia Pinho, Rawshan Ara Begum, Adugna Gemeda, Johanna Nalau, Katja Frieler, Richard Jones, Riyanti Djalante, Rosa Perez, Tabea Lissner, Anita Wreford, Mark Pelling, François Gemenne, Nick Simpson & Doreen Stabinsky - 2022 - Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability- IPCC.
     
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  42. The link between corporate social and financial performance: Evidence from the banking industry. [REVIEW]W. Gary Simpson & Theodor Kohers - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 35 (2):97 - 109.
    The purpose of this investigation is to extend earlier research on the relationship between corporate social and financial performance. The unique contribution of the study is the empirical analysis of a sample of companies from the banking industry and the use of Community Reinvestment Act ratings as a social performance measure. The empirical analysis solidly supports the hypothesis that the link between social and financial performance is positive.
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  43.  9
    Towards a Negative Hermeneutics: The Hermeneutics/Critical Theory Debate in a New Register.Lorenzo C. Simpson - 2024 - Symposium 28 (2):181-197.
    The relationship between hermeneutics and Critical Theory is often understood in terms of Paul Ricoeur’s opposition of a hermeneutics of meaning recovery to a hermeneutics of suspicion. I propose to bridge this divide between recovery and suspicion by leveraging the idea that the legitimacy of a society is a function of the adequacy of its self-understanding and by suggesting that a fundamental way in which illegitimate social power operates is through the strategic promulgation and policing of the semantic resources available (...)
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  44. A Branching Narrative.Kane Simpson - 2018 - Colloquy (35/36):196-205.
    A short story exploring cloning and the Teletransporter Thought Experiment. Rather than abstract consideration, the focus is on the first-personal experience.
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  45.  5
    White Lies: Racism, Education and Critical Race Theory.Jen Simpson - forthcoming - British Journal of Educational Studies.
    The focus of White Lies is to explore and critically analyse the impact of Critical Race Theory (CRT) in exposing systematic racism in relation to politics, educational policy and practice both in...
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  46.  26
    The mutuality of emotions and learning in organizations.B. Simpson & Nicholas Marshall - unknown
    The interplay between emotion and learning is a continuing source of debate and inquiry in organization studies, attracting an increasing number of important contributions. However, a detailed understanding of the interaction between emotion and learning remains elusive. In an effort to extend the existing debate, this article offers an alternative approach that draws on the tradition of pragmatist philosophy, where emotion and learning can both be defined as dynamic processes that emerge in the relational context of social transactions. The mutually (...)
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  47. Super Soldiers and Technological Asymmetry.Robert Mark Simpson - 2015 - In Jai Galliott Mianna Lotz, Super Soldiers: the Ethical, Legal and Social Consequences. Ashgate. pp. 81-91.
    In this chapter I argue that emerging soldier enhancement technologies have the potential to transform the ethical character of the relationship between combatants, in conflicts between ‘Superpower’ militaries, with the ability to deploy such technologies, and technologically disadvantaged ‘Underdog’ militaries. The reasons for this relate to Paul Kahn’s claims about the paradox of riskless warfare. When an Underdog poses no threat to a Superpower, the standard just war theoretic justifications for the Superpower’s combatants using lethal violence against their opponents breaks (...)
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  48.  76
    Aristotle’s Defensible Defence of Slavery.Peter Simpson - 2006 - Polis 23 (1):95-115.
    This article is an attempt to break down Aristotle’s arguments in favour of slavery into what I take to be their constituent premises and conclusions, to set these out schematically in syllogistic form, and to display both how each of the arguments works on its own and how all of them fit together to form one overarching argument. The purpose of this exercise is to make as evident as possible the structure, coherence, and validity of Aristotle’s reasoning. This is something (...)
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  49.  18
    The Potential and Limitations of Aristotelian Final Causes in the Life Sciences.Justin Simpson - 2023 - Southwest Philosophy Review 39 (2):75-78.
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  50.  22
    The strain-rate sensitivity of the plastic properties of α-iron at high temperatures.R. W. Evans & L. A. Simpson - 1969 - Philosophical Magazine 19 (160):809-819.
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