Results for 'Simpson Darwin'

947 found
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  1. Simpsons, and Gould.Simpson Darwin - 2008 - In Michael Ruse, The Oxford handbook of philosophy of biology. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 189.
  2.  25
    One Hundred Years without Darwin are Enough.George G. Simpson - unknown
    uppose that the most fundamental and general principle of a science had been known for over a century and had long since become a main basis for understanding and research by scientists in that field. You would surely assume that the principle would be taken as a matter of course by everyone with even a nodding acquaintance with the science. It would obviously be taught everywhere as basic to the science at any level of education. If you think that about (...)
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  3. M. Ruse: "Taking Darwin Seriously". [REVIEW]Paul Simpson - 1988 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 66:256.
     
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  4.  13
    Art as Communication: Aesthetics, Evolution, and Signaling.Shawn Simpson - 2024 - Lanham, Mayland USA: Lexington Books (Rowman & Littlefield).
    Is art a form of communication? If so, what does art express or represent? How should we interpret the meaning of works created by more than one artist? Is art an adaptation, via natural selection? In what ways is art similar to—and different from—language? Art as Communication: Aesthetics, Evolution, and Signaling employs information theory, the theory of evolution, and the newly developed sender-receiver model of communication to reason about art, aesthetic behavior, and its communicative nature. Shawn Simpson considers whether (...)
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  5. The Origins of Species Concepts.John Simpson Wilkins - 2003 - Dissertation, University of Melbourne
    The longstanding species problem in biology has a history that suggests a solution, and that history is not the received history found in many texts written by biologists or philosophers. The notion of species as the division into subordinate groups of any generic predicate was the staple of logic from Aristotle through the middle ages until quite recently. However, the biological species concept during the same period was at first subtly and then overtly different. Unlike the logic sense, which relied (...)
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  6.  26
    The World into Which Darwin Led Simpson.Léo F. Laporte - 1990 - Journal of the History of Biology 23 (3):499 - 516.
  7. Darwin y la selección de grupo.Elliott Sober - 2009 - Ludus Vitalis 17 (32):101-143.
    Do traits evolve because they are good for the group, or do they evolve because they are good for the individual organisms that have them? The question is whether groups, rather than individual organisms, are ever “units of selection.” My exposition begins with the 1960’s, when the idea that traits evolve because they are good for the group was criticized, not just for being factually mistaken, but for embodying a kind of confused thinking that is fundamentally at odds with the (...)
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  8. Darwin and the other Christian tradition.Ernan McMullin - 2011 - Zygon 46 (2):291-316.
    Abstract. Augustine, and following him some major theologians of the early Christian church, noted the apparent discrepancies between the first two chapters of Genesis and suggested an interpretation for these chapters significantly different from the literal. After examining a selection of the relevant texts, we shall follow the later fortunes of this interpretation in brief outline, figuring in particular an unlikely trio: Suarez, St. George Mivart, and Thomas Henry Huxley. Moral: Darwinian theory might plausibly be construed as implementing, unawares, a (...)
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  9.  9
    Corazones de hierro: ¿los neodarwinistas contra Darwin? Disputas sobre antropocentrismo y progreso en la biología evolutiva del siglo XX.Micaela Anzoategui - 2024 - Astrolabio: Nueva Época 33:52-77.
    En obras fundamentales como On the Origin of Species (1859), The Descent of Man (1871) y The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872), Charles Darwin establece un claro posicionamiento anti-antropocéntrico basado en la continuidad evolutiva entre animales-humanos, y entre todos los organismos incluyendo a la especie humana. No obstante, diversos teóricos de la síntesis evolutiva moderna, los neodarwinistas, entre ellos George Gaylord Simpson y Bernhard Rensch, vuelven a instaurar el antropocentrismo en el corazón de la (...)
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  10.  56
    The α-finite injury method.G. E. Sacks & S. G. Simpson - 1972 - Annals of Mathematical Logic 4 (4):343-367.
  11. The Dogmatism Puzzle Undone.James Simpson - forthcoming - Analytic Philosophy.
    According to the dogmatism puzzle, for any S and any p, if S knows that p, then she’s entitled to be dogmatic about p, and so disregard any evidence against p, for she knows that (or is in a position to know that) that evidence is misleading. But this seems clearly problematically dogmatic. The standard solution to the dogmatism puzzle involves appealing to the view that acquiring new evidence (even misleading evidence) can undermine one’s knowledge that p. That’s why one (...)
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  12. Ein in der reinen Zahlentheorie unbeweisbarer Satz über endliche Folgen von natürlichen Zahlen.Kurt Schütte & Stephen G. Simpson - 1985 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 25 (1):75-89.
     
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  13. What is Global Expressivism?Matthew Simpson - 2019 - Philosophical Quarterly 70 (278):140-161.
    Global expressivism is the radical view that we should never think of any of our language and thought as representing the world. While interesting, global expressivism has not yet been clearly formulated, and its defenders often use unexplained terms of art to characterise their view. I fix this problem by carefully and clearly exploring the different ways in which we can interpret globalism. I reject almost all of them either because they are implausible or because they are bad interpretations of (...)
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  14. Trust, Belief, and the Second-Personal.Thomas W. Simpson - 2018 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 96 (3):447-459.
    Cognitivism about trust says that it requires belief that the trusted is trustworthy; non-cognitivism denies this. At stake is how to make sense of the strong but competing intuitions that trust is an attitude that is evaluable both morally and rationally. In proposing that one's respect for another's agency may ground one's trusting beliefs, second-personal accounts provide a way to endorse both intuitions. They focus attention on the way that, in normal situations, it is the person whom I trust. My (...)
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  15.  71
    Reverse mathematics and Peano categoricity.Stephen G. Simpson & Keita Yokoyama - 2013 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 164 (3):284-293.
    We investigate the reverse-mathematical status of several theorems to the effect that the natural number system is second-order categorical. One of our results is as follows. Define a system to be a triple A,i,f such that A is a set and i∈A and f:A→A. A subset X⊆A is said to be inductive if i∈X and ∀a ∈X). The system A,i,f is said to be inductive if the only inductive subset of A is A itself. Define a Peano system to be (...)
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  16.  42
    Ordinal numbers and the Hilbert basis theorem.Stephen G. Simpson - 1988 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 53 (3):961-974.
  17.  73
    The Softening of the Modern Synthesis: Julian Huxley: Evolution: The Modern Synthesis; The Definitive Edition. Massimo Pigliucci and Gerd B. Müller : Evolution—The Extended Synthesis.Joeri Witteveen - 2011 - Acta Biotheoretica 59 (3):333-345.
    The Modern Synthesis has been receiving bad press for some time now. Back in 1983, in an article entitled “The Hardening of the Modern Synthesis” Stephen Jay Gould criticized the way the Modern Synthesis had developed since its inception in the 1930s and early 1940s (Gould 1983). Back then, those who would later become known as ‘architects’ of the synthesis were united in their call for explaining evolution at all levels in terms of causation at one level: genetics. What drove (...)
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  18. Self-Censorship: The Chilling Effect and the Heating Effect.Robert Mark Simpson - 2024 - Political Philosophy 1 (2):345-380.
    Chilling Effects occur when the risks surrounding a speech restriction inadvertently deter speech that lies outside the restriction’s official scope. Contrary to the standard interpretation of this phenomenon I show how speech deterrence for individuals can sometimes, instead of suppressing discourse at the group level, intensify it – with results that are still unwelcome, but crucially unlike a ‘chill’. Inadvertent deterrence of speech may, counterintuitively, create a Heating Effect. This proposal gives us a promising explanation of the intensity of public (...)
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  19. Should We Unbundle Free Speech and Press Freedom?Robert Mark Simpson & Damien Storey - 2024 - In Carl Fox & Joe Saunders, Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Media Ethics. Routledge. pp. 69-80.
    This paper presents an account of the ethical and conceptual relationship between free speech and press freedom. Many authors have argued that, despite there being some common ground between them, these two liberties should be treated as properly distinct, both theoretically and practically. The core of the argument, for this “unbundling” approach, is that conflating free speech and press freedom makes it too easy for reasonable democratic regulations on press freedom to be portrayed, by their opponents, as part of a (...)
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  20. Wealth and Income Inequality: An Economic and Ethical Analysis.Brian P. Simpson - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 89 (4):525-538.
    I perform an economic and ethical analysis on wealth and income inequality. Economists have performed many statistical studies that reveal a number of, often contradictory, findings in connection with the distribution of wealth and income. Hence, the statistical findings leave us with no better knowledge of the effects that inequality has on economic progress. At the same time, the existing theoretical results have not provided us with a definitive answer concerning the effects of inequality on progress. By gaining knowledge of (...)
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  21.  92
    Together and Apart: Exploring Structure of the Corporate–NPO Relationship.Dayna Simpson, Kathryn Lefroy & Yelena Tsarenko - 2011 - Journal of Business Ethics 101 (2):297-311.
    Financially significant relationships between corporations and non-profit organizations have increased in recent years. NPOs offer access to interests and ideologies that are lacking within most for-profit organizations. These partnerships form a unique bridge between for-profit and non-profit goals and offer significant potential to produce innovative ways of “doing business by doing good.” Exploration of the structural implications of these relationships, however, has been limited. The potential for ideological imbalance in these relationships, particularly for the NPO, has been poorly described. We (...)
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  22. The Connected City of Ideas.Robert Mark Simpson - 2024 - Daedalus 153 (33):166-86.
    We should drop the marketplace of ideas as our go-to metaphor in free speech discourse and take up a new metaphor of the connected city. Cities are more liveable when they have an integrated mix of transport options providing their occupants with a variety of locomotive affordances. Similarly, societies are more liveable when they have a mix of communication platforms that provide a variety of communicative affordances. Whereas the marketplace metaphor invites us to worry primarily about authoritarian control over the (...)
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  23.  78
    Mapping Our Practice? Some Conceptual “Bumps” for us to Consider.Christy Simpson - 2012 - HEC Forum 24 (3):219-226.
    There are several important conceptual issues and questions about the practice of healthcare ethics that can, and should, inform the development of any practice standards. This paper provides a relatively short overview of seven of these issues, with the invitation for further critical reflection and examination of their relevance to and implications for practice standards. The seven issues described include: diversity (from the perspective of training and experience); moral expertise and authority/influence; being an insider or outsider; flexibility and adaptability (for (...)
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  24. Limits of Wilderness.Shawn Simpson - 2024 - Diálogos. Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Puerto Rico 55 (114):81-115. Translated by Etienne Helmer.
    Few debates in environmental philosophy have been more heated than the one over the nature of wilderness. And yet, when one surveys the present scene, one finds that a variety of different conceptions of wilderness are still quite popular – some more so in certain professions than others. In this paper, I look at three popular conceptions of wilderness with an eye toward sussing out the good and the bad them. I look at what I call (1) the folk view (...)
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  25.  11
    The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Science.Zachary Simpson (ed.) - 2008 - Oxford University Press.
    The field of `science and religion' is exploding in popularity among both academics and the reading public. This is a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the debate, written by the leading experts yet accessible to the general reader.
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  26.  92
    Robots, Trust and War.Thomas W. Simpson - 2011 - Philosophy and Technology 24 (3):325-337.
    Putting robots on the battlefield is clearly appealing for policymakers. Why risk human lives, when robots could take our place, and do the dirty work of killing and dying for us? Against this, I argue that robots will be unable to win the kind of wars that we are increasingly drawn into. Modern warfare tends towards asymmetric conflict. Asymmetric warfare cannot be won without gaining the trust of the civilian population; this is ‘the hearts and minds’, in the hackneyed phrase (...)
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  27. Trustworthiness and Moral Character.Thomas W. Simpson - 2013 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 16 (3):543-557.
    Why are people trustworthy? I argue for two theses. First, we cannot explain many socially important forms of trustworthiness solely in terms of the instrumentally rational seeking of one’s interests, in response to external sanctions or rewards. A richer psychology is required. So, second, possession of moral character is a plausible explanation of some socially important instances when people are trustworthy. I defend this conclusion against the influential account of trust as ‘encapsulated interest’, given by Russell Hardin, on which most (...)
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  28. Neo-Aristotelian Metaphysics and the Theology of Nature.William Simpson, Koons Robert & James Orr (eds.) - 2021 - New York, NY, USA: Routledge.
    Despite the growing interest in Aristotelian approaches to contemporary philosophy of science, few metaphysicians have engaged directly with the question of how a neo-Aristotelian metaphysics of nature might change the landscape for theological discussion concerning theology and naturalism, the place of human beings within nature, or the problem of divine causality. The chapters in this volume are collected into three thematic sections: Naturalism and Nature, Mind and Nature, and God and Nature. By pushing the current boundaries of neo-Aristotelian metaphysics to (...)
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  29. No platforming.Robert Simpson & Amia Srinivasan - 2018 - In Jennifer Lackey, Academic Freedom. Oxford University Press. pp. 186–209.
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  30.  65
    Prime Matter and Modern Physics.William M. R. Simpson - 2024 - Ancient Philosophy Today 6 (1):1-5.
    Medieval interpretations of hylomorphism, in which substances are conceived as metaphysical composites of prime matter and substantial form, are receiving attention in contemporary philosophy. It has even been suggested that a recovery of Aquinas's conception of prime matter as a ‘pure potentiality’, lacking any actuality apart from substantial form, may be expedient in hylomorphic interpretations of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we consider a recent hylomorphic interpretation of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, the theory of Cosmic Hylomorphism, which does not explicitly invoke (...)
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  31.  26
    Law, War and Crime: War Crimes Trials and the Reinvention of International Law.Gerry J. Simpson - 2008 - Journal of Military Ethics 7 (2):162-164.
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  32.  9
    Technological Rationality.Lorenzo C. Simpson - 2012 - In Jan Kyrre Berg Olsen Friis, Stig Andur Pedersen & Vincent F. Hendricks, A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 189–194.
    This chapter contains sections titled: References and Further Reading.
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  33. MacBride on truth in truthmaking.Matthew Simpson - 2016 - Analysis 76 (1):19-26.
    Fraser MacBride has argued that deflationism about truth makes the truthmaker principle, that every truth has a truthmaker, implausible. This is because on a deflationary view, the truthmaker principle is a mere abbreviation of a conjunction of claims which have no independent motivation. In this article, I argue that this claim is false: deflationism does not entail that the truthmaker principle is a mere abbreviation of such a conjunction, because the claims MacBride focuses on are in fact irrelevant to the (...)
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  34.  86
    Toward a reasonable nativism.Tom Simpson - 2005 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich, The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents. New York, US: Oxford University Press on Demand. pp. 1--122.
    This chapter sketches the outlines of what a reasonable form of nativism might look like. The neuroconstructivists' challenge indicates that some misunderstanding continues to exist among certain self-titled nonnativists over what it is that practicing nativists actually claim, together with a mistaken belief that current neurodevelopmental data is not or cannot be compatible with the nativist program. Both these issues are addressed by first providing further explication of the claims of practicing nativists, and then showing how these claims provide the (...)
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  35.  39
    Modal appearances and the modal ontological argument.James Simpson - 2024 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 96 (1):89-92.
    In a recent paper in this journal, McIntosh (2021) argues that a modalized version of an epistemic principle of phenomenal conservativism can be used to successfully defend the key possibility premise of the modal ontological argument for the existence of God. I argue, however, that such a defense of the possibility premise is not going to be successful even if one concedes a number of contentious claims to McIntosh.
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  36.  14
    Towards a critical space theory: The instrumental politics of space exploitation.Sid Simpson, Désirée Weber & John McMahon - forthcoming - European Journal of Political Theory.
    Though a growing number of voices in public discourse are expressing reservations about the new space race and its implications, inherently political questions have remained largely untouched by political theorists: Who is space for and for whose benefit? What are the ideological presumptions and functions of private space exploration? To confront this astro-aporia, we proceed in four parts. First, we develop a typology of two broad positions that predominate in contemporary criticism of space exploration: those who are “space pessimists” and (...)
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  37. The Logic of Religious Thought: An Answer to Professor Eddington.R. Gordon Milburn, Leonard Hodgson, Hubert M. Foston, S. D. Mcconnell, Joseph Herschel Coffin & James Young Simpson - 1930 - Humana Mente 5 (20):647-649.
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  38. The Cultural Degradation of Universal Education: The Educational Views of Robert Lewis Dabney.Barry D. Simpson - 2006 - Journal of Libertarian Studies 20 (3):47.
  39. Truth, truthfulness and philosophy in Plato and Nietzsche.David Simpson - 2007 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 15 (2):339 – 360.
    Even those aware of Nietzsches ambivalent (rather than purely negative) attitude to Plato, tend to accept Nietzsches account of Plato and himself as occupying the poles of philosophy. Much that Nietzsche says supports this view, but we need not take him at his word. I consider Nietzsche and Plato on three planes: their view of truth, their view of philosophy, and their use of certain emblematic figures (the New Philosopher, the Philosopher King) as the bearers of philosophys future. On these (...)
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  40.  33
    Pritchard, Luck, Risk, and a New Problem for Safety-Based Accounts of Knowledge.James Simpson - 2025 - Acta Analytica 40 (1):43-56.
    In this paper, I develop a serious new dilemma involving necessary truths for safety-based theories of knowledge, a dilemma that I argue safety theorists cannot resolve or avoid by relativizing safety to either the subject’s basis or method of belief formation in close worlds or to a set of related or sufficiently similar propositions. I develop this dilemma primarily in conversation with Duncan Pritchard’s well-known, oft-modeled safety-based theories of knowledge. I show that Pritchard’s well-regarded anti-luck virtue theory of knowledge and (...)
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  41. Nanotechnologically Enhanced Combat Systems: The Downside of Invulnerability.Robert Mark Simpson & Robert Sparrow - 2014 - In Bert Gordijn & Anthony Mark Cutter, In Pursuit of Nanoethics. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 89-103.
    In this paper we examine the ethical implications of emerging Nanotechnologically Enhanced Combat Systems (or 'NECS'). Through a combination of materials innovation and biotechnology, NECS are aimed at making combatants much less vulnerable to munitions that pose a lethal threat to soldiers protected by conventional armor. We argue that increasing technological disparities between forces armed with NECS and those without will exacerbate the ethical problems of asymmetric warfare. This will place pressure on the just war principles of jus in bello, (...)
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  42.  24
    On climbing fiber signals and their consequence.J. I. Simpson, D. R. Wylie & C. I. De Zeeuw - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (3):384-398.
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  43. The link between corporate social and financial performance: Evidence from the banking industry. [REVIEW]W. Gary Simpson & Theodor Kohers - 2002 - Journal of Business Ethics 35 (2):97 - 109.
    The purpose of this investigation is to extend earlier research on the relationship between corporate social and financial performance. The unique contribution of the study is the empirical analysis of a sample of companies from the banking industry and the use of Community Reinvestment Act ratings as a social performance measure. The empirical analysis solidly supports the hypothesis that the link between social and financial performance is positive.
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  44.  9
    Towards a Negative Hermeneutics: The Hermeneutics/Critical Theory Debate in a New Register.Lorenzo C. Simpson - 2024 - Symposium 28 (2):181-197.
    The relationship between hermeneutics and Critical Theory is often understood in terms of Paul Ricoeur’s opposition of a hermeneutics of meaning recovery to a hermeneutics of suspicion. I propose to bridge this divide between recovery and suspicion by leveraging the idea that the legitimacy of a society is a function of the adequacy of its self-understanding and by suggesting that a fundamental way in which illegitimate social power operates is through the strategic promulgation and policing of the semantic resources available (...)
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  45.  5
    White Lies: Racism, Education and Critical Race Theory.Jen Simpson - forthcoming - British Journal of Educational Studies.
    The focus of White Lies is to explore and critically analyse the impact of Critical Race Theory (CRT) in exposing systematic racism in relation to politics, educational policy and practice both in...
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  46.  26
    The mutuality of emotions and learning in organizations.B. Simpson & Nicholas Marshall - unknown
    The interplay between emotion and learning is a continuing source of debate and inquiry in organization studies, attracting an increasing number of important contributions. However, a detailed understanding of the interaction between emotion and learning remains elusive. In an effort to extend the existing debate, this article offers an alternative approach that draws on the tradition of pragmatist philosophy, where emotion and learning can both be defined as dynamic processes that emerge in the relational context of social transactions. The mutually (...)
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  47. Super Soldiers and Technological Asymmetry.Robert Mark Simpson - 2015 - In Jai Galliott Mianna Lotz, Super Soldiers: the Ethical, Legal and Social Consequences. Ashgate. pp. 81-91.
    In this chapter I argue that emerging soldier enhancement technologies have the potential to transform the ethical character of the relationship between combatants, in conflicts between ‘Superpower’ militaries, with the ability to deploy such technologies, and technologically disadvantaged ‘Underdog’ militaries. The reasons for this relate to Paul Kahn’s claims about the paradox of riskless warfare. When an Underdog poses no threat to a Superpower, the standard just war theoretic justifications for the Superpower’s combatants using lethal violence against their opponents breaks (...)
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  48.  77
    Prudence and Anti-Prudence.Evan Simpson - 1998 - American Philosophical Quarterly 35 (1):73 - 86.
    This article identifies both prudence and antiprudence as options for rational people. Building upon Wiggins's "sensible subjectivism," the account offers an analysis of prudential emotions which are not rationally required but whose reasonableness need not be doubted. One result is that skepticism about prudence is avoidable. Another, as shown through examination of some of Parfit's worries about replication, is that prudence is autonomous from metaphysical theories of persons. It is also autonomous from morality, neither prudence nor morality being appropriately subordinated (...)
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  49.  24
    On Transdisciplinary Possibility: An Interstitial Exploration of American Religious History and Religious Ethics.Laura A. Simpson - 2023 - Journal of Religious Ethics 51 (3):518-538.
    This essay explores the intersections of religious ethics and American religious history and advocates for a transdisciplinary approach to scholarship in both disciplines. Four books, each published within the last 4 years, form the foundation of this discussion by modeling distinctive elements of transdisciplinary scholarship: Heathen: Religion and Race in American History by Kathryn Gin Lum; Make Yourselves Gods: Mormons and the Unfinished Business of American Secularism by Peter Coviello; Peaceful Families: American Muslim Efforts Against Domestic Violence by Juliane Hammer; (...)
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  50.  18
    The Potential and Limitations of Aristotelian Final Causes in the Life Sciences.Justin Simpson - 2023 - Southwest Philosophy Review 39 (2):75-78.
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